BLUMEA
41
463-468
(1996)
Notes
on Malesian Fabaceae
(Leguminosae-Papilionoideae).
1. The
Erythrina
genus
Frits
Rijksherbarium/Hortus Botanicus,
L.
Adema
P.O. Box
2300
9514,
RA Leiden.
The Netherlands
Summary
Erythrina
cies is
for the Flora
L. is reviewed
liana is reduced
to E.
insularis
Malesiana
and E.
region.
microcarpa
Six
Koord.
species
are
& Valeton
recognised. Erythrina
to E. stricta.
A
merril-
to the
key
spe-
presented.
Introduction
Erythrina
tropics.
L. is
Most
a
genus
species
considered to
occur
of
are
110
c.
following
the last section
key
a
to
the
Krukoff,
species
on
genus
stems, the
of
and shrubs is
trees
stipellae,
which
and sub-
tropics
eight species
Lackey (1981) places
the genus, and
and E.
microcarpa
are
on
the
are
the genus in
euo-
& Valeton. In
presented.
L.
easily recognisable
gland-like,
E.
species
Koord.
in the Flora Malesiana region is
ERYTHRINA
This
to
Erythrininae.
sections contain remarks
E. merrilliana
diphylla Hassk.,
distributed throughout the
in the Flora Malesiana region.
the tribe Phaseoleae, subtribe
The
species
found in Central and South America; six
and the
in the field by
large,
red
or
the often
thorny
orange flowers, which
appear after the leaves have fallen.
Another striking feature is found in the shape of the flower buds, the way they
open, and the
The buds
resulting calyces.
are
more or
less
spindle-shaped, either short
der, firmly closed and constricted
a
tear
appears
ing enlarges
In the first
calyx
on
into
case
becomes
The
the
a
the
vexillary
single
slit
campanulate
flowers, arranged
the apex. As
side of the bud
on
the
resulting calyx
vexillary
is
side
and broad
the corolla
or
and slen-
long
begins
to
expand
above the constriction. This openor two
slits situated
spathaceous (Fig. la, b),
and bilabiate
van
soon as
just
more
laterally.
while in the second the
(Fig. lc, d).
in crowded, terminal
ally bird-pollinated (Docters
1932).
at
or
subterminal
Leeuwen, 1932; Reynvaan
inflorescences,
& Docters
van
are
usu-
Leeuwen,
BLUMEA
464
1.
Fig.
E.
x
Open
flowers
stricta Roxb.
1.5; d x
(a,
and flower
(a, c)
b:
and Bali. The
be
1968
seeds:
species belongs
of Erythrina-species.
van
a, b. E.
—
variegata L.
J.H.
Balgooy 5272). Drawings by
purple
by
Hasskari
(1858) using specimens
(Teijsmann s.n.) belongs
in the Lesser
Sunda
to
E.
van
—
Os;
c, d.
a—c
from Java
variegata.
where it
Islands,
to
subgenus Erythraster Barneby
the presence of stellate hairs, and
E.
euodiphylla
difference between the
future these
ing
1996
2,
was
The spe-
collected
on
(Kooy 430).
recognised by
only
described
from Bali
occur
subgenus Erythraster,
The
d:
No.
Hassk.
was
specimen
does, however,
This
ly
(b, d)
c,
41,
3.
Erythrina euodiphylla
Timor in
buds
Goetghebeur 3364;
Erythrina euodiphylla
cies
Vol.
in E.
two
euodiphylla,
species
will be
is
two
most
closely
species
by
Krukoff,
related
to
would appear
red in E. tahitensis. It is
united,
&
not
can
petals.
easi-
Within
E. tahitensis Nadeau.
to
be the colour of the
inconceivable that in the
which would result in
distribution: E Java, Timor, Hawaii and Tahiti!
which
the free keel
a
curious and interest-
F. Adema:
Erythrina merrilliana
ince).
land
(1939)
Barneby (1974)
and synonymy is
Erythrina insularis
see
It
New Guinea
Papua
also Verdcourt,
probably
was
Prov-
(Central
Bailey
1979)
described by
was
noted that E. insularis F.M.
F.M.
F.M.
consequence, the
a
as
from Turtle Isbased
on an
merrilliana
and
united here. The
are
cor-
Bailey
J.
Bailey, Queensl. Agr.
Krukoff,
1
228.
(1897)
—
F.M.
Type:
Bailey
29
(BM.
Island.
J. Arnold
Arbor.
Man. New Guinea
(1974) 435; Verde.,
species
two
ripe pods
differ from
way do these
no
follows:
BRI, K), Australia, Queensland, Turtle
Guinea, Central
subgenus Erythraster.
number of loose leaflets and in
a
those of E. merrilliana. As
insularis
of
insularis consists of several infructescences with
seeds, accompanied by
rect name
465
Erythrina
-
of E. merrilliana.
outlying population
The type of E.
Fabaceae
Krukoff
(Australia, Queensland;
Erythrina
Malesian
the basis of Brass 5265 from
on
Krukoff &
Erythrina
on
merrilliana is another species
Erythrinci
Krukoff
Notes
20
(1939) 227;
425.
Leg. (1979)
—
Krukoff &
Brass
Type:
Barneby, Lloydia
5265
(A), Papua
37
New
Province.
Erythrina microcarpa
Koord. & Valeton
Erythrina microcarpa belongs
Suberosae Krukoff of
to
small group of
a
cies for this section: E.
microcarpa
Koord. &
related
closely
Krukoff &
subgenus Erythrina.
Valeton,
species:
section
Barneby (1974) give
four spe-
E.
E. stricta
resupinata Roxb.,
Roxb., and E. suberosa Roxb. This section is easily recognised by the waxy exudate
on
the lower surface of the
and
across
the alveoli, and
Niyomdham (1992)
cause
trary
microcarpa
and E. stricta
The full synonymy is
stricta
by, Lloydia
(1974)
Gen. Indo-Chine
1
as
or
to
the presence of
in the
pods.
intricate pattern of
an
are
to
variety
a
wax
are
no
petals.
of E. stricta Roxb. be-
of the
specimens
For this
ridges along
much shorter than the keel
there
Barneby (1974)
two
species.
Con-
differences between E.
the lower surface of the leaf-
on
reason
the
combined here.
two are
follows:
as
Roxb., [Hort. Beng. (1814) 53,
37
suberosa
Erythrina
which
stricta Roxb.
Erythrina
Erythrina
wings
between herbarium
the views of Krukoff &
lets, in the flower parts,
laya
the
reduced E. suberosa Roxb.
of the great similarity
to
which forms
leaflets,
by
—
nom.
Type: Roxburgh
2
Krukoff &
nom.
37
Barneby, Lloydia
Nord.
J. Bot.
12
Ind.
India
1
(1832) 251;
Krukoff & Barne-
Fl. ind.
3
(1832) 253; Gagnep.,
(1928) 441; Whitmore,
(1974)
(1992)
3
(n.v.).
nud.]
Fl. Siam. Enum.
(1916) 419; Craib,
(Roxb.) Niyomdham,
nud.] Fl.
s.n.,
Roxb., [Hort. Beng. (1814) 53,
(1973) 292;
suberosa
352.
351.
342.
—
—
Erythrina
Type:
Icon.
Fl.
Tree Fl. Ma-
stricta Roxb.
var.
104
(K),
Roxburgh
India.
Erythrina sublobata Roxb.,
Erythrina microcarpa
Indie
2
(1974)
(1916) 324;
35.
—
Fl. Ind.
Koord.
&
Backer &
3
(1832)
Valeton,
Bakh.f.,
Lectotype (Krukoff
&
254.
—
Booms.
Fl. Java
Type: Roxburgh
Java 2
1
s.n.,
(1895) 61, 63;
(1963) 627;
India
K.
(n.v.).
Heyne,
Krukoff &
Barneby, 1974): Koorders 66 (holo L;
Nutt. PL Ned.
Barneby, Lloydia
iso
K),
E Java.
37
BLUMEA
466
Fig.
2. Terminal
insularis
Backer
F.M.
; b:
s. n.
Drawings by
leaflets
Bailey;
van
J.H.
of
d. E.
Erythrina-species.
stricta
Harreveld s.n.;
van
Os;
Vol.
all
x
Roxb.;
c:
0.5.
NGF
e.
—
E.
a.
41,
E.
No.
2,
euodiphylla Hassk.;
subumbrans
46673;
1996
d: Koorders
b. E.
(Hassk.) Merr.;
46ß;
e:
PNH
c.
E.
L.
(a:
fusca Lour.;
f. E.
22809;
variegata
f:Beguin
1082).
F. Adema: Notes
Erythrina
305.
Erythrina
1
Merrill
Type:
suberosa Roxb.
(1928)
441.
Islands),
950
var.
Type:
Distribution
kawi
J.
stipitata Merr., Philipp.
—
—
Malesian
on
Sc.,
Bot.
5
Fabaceae
(1910)
-
Enum.
112;
467
Erythrina
Philipp.
Flow.
PI.
2
(1923)
(NY), Philippines, Lubang Island.
horrida
Curtis
Ridl., Fl. Malay
Penins.
1
Langkawi Isl.,
Terutao
(n.v.).
s.n.,
(1922) 579; Craib,
Fl. Siam. Enum.
India, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia (Lang-
Java, the Philippines
Lesser Sunda Islands
(Lubang Island),
(Bali,
Flores, Timor).
Fig.
3. Pods
Roxb.;
c:
d. E.
Maxwell
of
Erythrina-species. — a.
subumbrans
89-509;
d: PNH
KEY
la.
b.
22809;
e:
TO THE
Keel
petals
Indumentum consisting
b).
Keel
petals
free
E.
b. E.
variegata
L.
insularis
(a:
simple
SPECIES
hairs.
totally
stellately
Calyx
OF
F.M.
Koorders
Goetghebeur 3364). Drawings by
almost
of
fusca Lour.;
e.
MALESIAN
Indumentum consisting of
(Fig. lc, d).
E.
(Hassk.) Merr.;
Bailey;
11510ß;
J.H.
van
c.
b:
Os;
E.
stricta
NGF
all x
7336;
0.5.
ERYTHRINA
± bilabiate,
adnate
branched hairs.
rarely
±
spathaceous
2
Calyx spathaceous (Fig. la,
4
468
BLUMEA
2a. Leaflets
broadly
0.8-1.4 times
midrib and
4-13.5
cm
b. Leaflets
long
1996
2,
transversely elliptic (Fig. 2a, c-f),
or
wide, lower surface glabrous
as
Blade of standard
nerves.
No.
41,
rhomboid, orbicular
ovate to
as
Vol.
or
Pod
cm.
ovate
1.2-2 times
(Fig. 2b),
14-33
long (Fig. 3a).
cm
—
pressed
long
as
as
cm.
on
Pod
wide, lower
x
glau-
E. fusca
shorter than the
petals
and
2.5-4
transversely elliptic,
Lower surface of leaflets
greyish
3a. Lower surface of leaflets green, without waxy
oles. Keel
least
at
1-3
x
3
broadly
to
surface sericeous. Blade of standard orbicular to
cous
pubescent,
2-4.5
long
elliptic
3.5-5.8
to
(broadly) elliptic,
wings.
ridges along
across
Pod ± falcate, lower
part
both
upper part fertile, opening along
sterile,
or
the alve-
strongly
com-
(Fig. 3d)
sutures
...
E. subumbrans
b. Lower surface of leaflets
across
the whole
over
4a.
the alveoles. Keel
Pod ±
b.
longer than
length, opening along
the ventral
Pod
lets
the seeds,
ovate to
wings.
x
elongate-cylindric,
or
10-45
broadly
4.5-12
2a, c),
x
2-3.5
rhomboid
cm,
or
5-15
ridges along
Pod
x
1.3-2
Leaflets 4.5-9
5-13
x
cm,
Leaflets 9-12
1.5
cm.
—
5
opening irregularly (Fig. 3e).
transversely elliptic (Fig. 2f),
Terminal leaf-
4-25
elliptic,
2.5-3.5
x
E.
x
7.8-15
Papua
Blade of standard
cm.
rare-
constricted be-
only slightly
E Java, Timor
b.
regularly
cm
at most
Blade of standard ±
cm.
fertile
E. stricta
transversely elliptic,
E.
5a.
and/or
strap-like,
only (Fig. 3c)
suture
Terminal leaflets
(Fig. 3b).
sutures
sausage-shaped
tween
the
constricted between the seeds, 5.5-10
both
rounded rhomboid (Fig.
ly
with waxy
greyish,
or
much
strap-like,
opening along
glaucous
petals
narrowly elliptic,
x
3-30
cm
variegata
2-3
cm.
—
euodiphylla
6.5-8.5
x
1.3-
E. insularis
New Guinea
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The loan
of material
used
gratefully acknowledged.
in
I
this
study
from the
herbaria
to Mr. J.H.
grateful
am
A, BO,
van Os
(L),
K, L, LAE, PNH,
who
made
and
the beautiful
SING is
drawings.
REFERENCES
Docters
van
Leeuwen,
Java. Ann.
Hasskarl,
Krukoff,
22:
W.M.
Jard. Bot.
J.K.
1858. Hortus
B. A.
1939.
1932.
Buitenzorg
Vogelbesuch
42:
an
Bogoriensis descriptus
Preliminary
on
notes
den
Bliiten
von
einigen Erythrina-Arten
auf
57-95.
1. Amsterdam.
Asiatic-Polynesian species
of
Erythrina.
J. Arnold Arbor.
225-233.
Krukoff, B.A.,
& R.C.
Barneby.
1974.
Conspectus
of
species
of the
genus
Erythrina. Lloydia
37:
332-459.
Lackey,
J. A.
1981. Phaseoleae
Legume Systematics, part
Niyomdham, Ch.
Nord.
J.
Bot.
Reynvaan, C.C.,
vogels,
Verdcourt,
1992. Notes
12:
on
(1825).
Royal
Thai
In: R.M.
Botanic
Polhill
Gardens,
&
P. H.
Raven
(eds.),
Advances
in
Kew.
and Indo-Chinese Phaseoleae
(Leguminosae-Papilionoideae).
339-346.
& W.M. Docters
die hunne
B.
DC.
1: 312.
bloemen
1979. A manual
van
Leeuwen.
bezoeken.
of New
De
1932.
Tropische
Guinea
Vogelbloemen. V. Erythrina-soorten
Natuur
legumes.
25:
Bot. Bull.
193-199.
11,
Lae.
en
de