Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF METEOROLOGY
SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCES
CERTIFICATE (IV) METEOROLOGY (CIM)
(REVISED PROGRAMME – APRIL 2012)
(COPY FOR SENATE SUBMISSION)
©Fiji National University, Department of Meteorology April 2012
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
1
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Submission by Assoc. Prof Dr. Sushil K. Sharma
Head of Department
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Sciences
College of Engineering Science and Technology
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM)
Document for Senate Approval
This paper is the final document that has been approved unanimously both by
the CEST Academic Board at its meeting No. 1 of 2012 on 27/03/2012 and also
the Senate Programme Review Committee (PRC) on 9 March 2012.
Enclosed separately find the reviewed unit descriptors in the new standard FNU
electronic template format that the VC recently requested all staff to use.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
2
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ……………………………………………………………
3
2. Programme Regulations ……………………………………………….
4
3. Programme Structure ……………………………………….…………
5
4. Assessment …………………………………………………………….
6
5. Teaching and Learning Methods …………………………………….
8
6. Programme Monitoring ….………….………………………………….
9
7. Unit descriptors
12
……………………………………………………...
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
3
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Title: Certificate in Meteorology
1.2
Background
Meteorology is the interdisciplinary scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on
weather processes and forecasting. Variables that are responsible for changes in the
weather system include temperature, pressure, water vapor, and the gradients and
interactions of each variable, and how they change in time. The majority of Earth's
observed weather is located in the troposphere.
Interactions between Earth's atmosphere and the oceans are part of coupled oceanatmosphere studies. Meteorology has application in many diverse fields such as the
military, energy production, farming, shipping and construction.
The Certificate in Meteorology programme is designed to support and promote the
vision for scientific literacy. Scientific literacy equips an individual with skills and
knowledge to:
 appreciate and understand the impact of science and technology on
everyday life;
 make informed personal decisions about things that involve science,
such as weather, climate, and forecasting;
 read and understand the essential points of media reports about
matters that involve science and technology;
 reflect critically on the information included in such reports; and
 take part confidently in discussions with others about issues involving
science and technology.
1.3
Rationale
The Certificate IV in Meteorology programme provides the much needed base building
in weather, climate, aviation meteorology, severe weather forecasting, disaster
management, human preparedness, mitigation and warning systems, climate
variability, change and short, medium and long term predictions, to advance
knowledge in the area of meteorology.
1.4
Graduate Profile
Graduates of the programme will be able to:
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

answer questions about natural phenomena, involving broad
explorations as well as focused investigations

solve practical problems requiring application of their scientific and
technological knowledge in various ways

identify issues and pursue scientific and technological knowledge that
will assist them in making informed decisions.
1.5
Programme Philosophy
The Certificate IV in Meteorology Programme is a one – year programme that
broadens students‟ understanding of scientific phenomena encountered in everyday
life. Courses in mathematics, physics, weather and climate, the natural variability within
the earth-atmosphere system, tropical cyclone genesis, climatology and forecasting,
climate variability, change and the prediction system and general meteorology ensure
competency in students‟ skill levels. This programme also forms a bridging path for
those who have limited education up to the form 6 level, and forms a basis for further
studies towards the Bachelor of Meteorology or Science.
1.6.1
Aims and Objectives
1.6.1 Aim
The Certificate IV in Meteorology programme aims to provide students with theoretical
and practical knowledge of the global, regional, national and local weather and climate
systems, their variability, and impacts on society including the manner of its forecasting
and actions required to mitigate from its impacts.
1.6.2 Objectives
Upon completion of the Certificate in Meteorology Programme, students should be able
to:

develop abilities of inquiry

integrate physical and chemical aspects of science

collect and analyze weather data

apply subject matter disciplines in the context of inquiry, technology and
science in social or personal perspectives

analyze the impact of technology on society and the environment to draw
conclusions about its worth

create awareness about global warming and climate change
2.0
PROGRAMME REGULATIONS
2.1
Entry Requirements
A pass with at least 200 marks out of 400 in the Fiji School Leaving Certificate
Examination (FSLC). Passes in Science subjects should include Mathematics and
Physics. Mature age students that have industry experience and other qualifications
and work experience will be considered.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
2.2
Credit Value
The Certificate IV in Meteorology is awarded at Certificate level 4; where 5 credit points
are awarded per unit. With 10 units in the Programme and a compulsory industrial
attachment comprising of 10 credit points the total credit points is 60.
2.3
Programme Duration
The duration of the Programme is three Pensters.. Full-time students complete 25
credit points in Trimester1, 25 units in Trimester2, and an industrial attachment worth
10 credit points, in Trimester3 totaling 60 credit points in total for the entire programme.
Each credit point is equivalent to 30 learning hours, which equates to a total of 1500
learning hours.
2.4
Cross Credits
All students who have successfully passed Form Seven Mathematics and/or Physics
will get full credits of these units towards their CIM programme and will not be required
to undertake these subjects during their CIM studies. Students have to apply for cross
credits of individual units.
2.5
Assessment
Meticulous formative and summative assessments would consist of the
following:
2.5.1 Theory Tests
2.5.2 Practical tests
2.5.3 Laboratory Practical Assessments
2.5.4 Theory Assignments
2.5.5 Practical Projects
2.5.6 Final Examination
3.0
PROGRAMME STRUCTURE
3.1
Certificate IV in Meteorology Unit Table
The units offered in Certificate IV in Meteorology Programme are listed below.
Trimester1
Code
MTH404
PHY402
MET402
MET404
MET406
Unit Title
Mathematics I
Foundation Physics I
Atmospheric Science I
Synoptic Meteorology I
Tropical Cyclone Genesis,
Climatology & Forecasting
Level
4
4
4
4
4
Credit
Value
5
5
5
5
5
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
Learning
Hours
150
150
150
150
150
6
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Trimester2
Code
Unit Title
MTH409
PHYS403
MET403
MET405
MET407
Level
Mathematics II
Foundation Physics II
Atmospheric Science II
Synoptic meteorology II
Climate Change, Variability &
Prediction
4
4
4
4
4
Credit
Value
5
5
5
5
5
Learning
Hours
150
150
150
150
150
3.2
Compulsory Units
For this programme, all units are compulsory
3.3
Optional Units
None
3.4
Special Requirements
None
3.5
Delivery Mode
Classroom sessions, multimedia presentations, field trips, research work, workshops,
laboratory sessions and seminars.
3.6 Order of Delivery
Trimester One
Code
Unit Title
MTH404
Mathematics I
PHY402
Foundation Physics I
MET402
Atmospheric Science I
MET404
Synoptic Meteorology I
MET406
Tropical Cyclone Genesis
Climatology & Forecasting
4.0
ASSESSMENT
4.1
Assessment Philosophy
Trimester Two
Code
Unit Title
MTH409
Mathematics II
PHY403
Foundation Physics II
MET403
Atmospheric Science II
MET405
Synoptic Meteorology II
MET407
Climate Variability, Change &
Prediction.
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Students would be assessed on seminar presentations, project reports, assignments,
tutorial exercises, laboratory reports, practical tests, field trip reports, class
participation, attendance, test results and the end of semester examinations.
4.2
Methods of Assessment
The following assessment methods will be used:
4.3
4.2.1
Assignments
The term assignment, used in this text, refers to work which is done by student
outside normal class time and which will normally be presented on paper, in
graphical and/or written form.
4.2.2
Class Tests
These are supervised tests conducted during class.
4.2.3
Laboratory Reports
Laboratory reports are written after every experiment or practical class.
Students are required to state details of the experiment being carried out and
this includes a title of the experiment, aim, methodology, result, discussion and
conclusion. Due date of submission is often given in advance in accordance
with the quantity of work needed to compile the report. Laboratory reports
make up 20% of the total continuous assessment.
4.2.4
Final Examination
These may be externally moderated and supervised written examinations.
Duration of the examination is three hours with additional ten minutes reading
time and is supervised according to the FIT examination rules and regulations.
Eligibility to sit the final examination is subject to attainment of a minimum of
75% class attendance and at least 50% course work.
Criteria for Assessment
Course work – varies from unit to unit. (Refer to unit descriptors for details). However,
generally the following criterion is followed:
Total Course work
End of Semester exam
Total Assessment
: 50%
:
50%
:
100%
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
4.4
Fairness / Validity / Reliability
Fairness, validity and reliability will be ensured by the following processes:
4.2.1. The Board of Studies will organize and monitor the progressive development
of validated item banks and marking guides for class tests and final
examinations.
4.2.2. The Board of Studies will organize and monitor the progressive development of
non – test items such as laboratory assignments and project specifications.
1.2.3. All final examinations will be moderated, by either an internal or external
moderator, who will check the suitability of the exam before it is printed and
will check that students‟ exam scripts have been accurately and consistently
marked.
1.2.4. External examiners and moderators will be appointed in accordance with the
requirements of The General Academic Statute of the Fiji National University.
1.2.5. The Board of Studies will organize the analysis of items used in class tests
and exams, evaluate the results of this analysis and determine if items need to
be changed.
1.2.6. The Board of Studies will facilitate the maintenance of assessment standards
by monitoring and evaluating the performance of students in both test and non
– test items.
5.0
TEACHING AND LEARNING METHODS
5.1
Introduction
The programme emphasizes on the following skills:

Communication – written and oral

Knowledge

Comprehension

Application

Analysis

Synthesis

Evaluation
5.2
Methods
Following an integrated approach, the following teaching/learning techniques will be
used:

Lectures

Laboratory exercises

Tutorial discussions
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
6.0
6.1

Research assignments

Research projects

Field trips and excursions

Seminars

Case studies
PROGRAMME MONITORING
The following groups would monitor the programme:
Board of Studies
6.1.1 Membership
The members of the Department of Meteorology Board of Studies shall include, but
need not be
limited to:
•
The Head of School (School of Applied Science)
•
The Programme Leader
•
Representatives of the teaching staff who have a substantial
involvement in the Programme
•
The Head of School (or their nominees) from other departments
•
A student representative
6.1.2
Frequency of Meetings
As and when needed
6.2
Examination Board
6.2.1
Membership
Membership shall include, but not be restricted to:

The Programme Leader

Teaching staff representatives who have a major involvement in the
programme

External examiners appointed on the recommendation of the Head of school.
6.2.2
Annually
6.3
Frequency of meetings
On-going Monitoring
6.3.1
Provisions
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
10
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
A committee chosen by the Head of School and chaired by the
Programme leader will monitor the Programme as per the requirements
of the General Academic Statute.
6.3.2
Frequency of meetings
Every 3 years, at the end of the second semester.
6.3.3
Participants
A committee shall be chosen by the Head of School as per the requirements of
the General Academic Statute.
6.3.4
Response to Findings
Suggestions for improvement will be forwarded to the external moderators for
their approval.
6.4
External Moderators
6.4.1
6.5
Names of External Moderators
With FNU having its own in-house professional meteorologist, there would be
no need for external moderation of this programme. However should it ever be
required then the UASR Section 25.0 process and procedure would apply.
Industrial Advisory Committee
6.5.1
Membership
Members of the Industrial Advisory Committee shall generally consist some of
the following and the list is not exclusive. The HOS Applied Science and the
HOD Meteorology may use discretion in the selection and composition of this
group, keeping the aims and objectives of the CIM programme, but also
aware of the difficulty to get a group like this together for meetings.
• Head of School
• Head of Meteorology -Programme Leader
• Fiji Meteorological Services - Director
• Department of Energy – 1 representative
• South Pacific Applied Geosciences Commission (SOPAC) – 1
representative
• National Disaster Management Committee (DISMAC) – 1 representative
• Ministry of Energy – 1 representative
• Ministry of Education –1 representative
• Mineral Resources Department – 1 representative
6.5.2
Frequency of meetings
As and when required.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
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FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
7.0
UNIT DESCRIPTORS
This section provides both a brief as well as a detailed description of the 10 units that
constitute the Certificate IV in Meteorology Programme. This immediate section shows
briefly the programme name, code, unit name, level, credits, pre-requisite and further
information about the number of hours of class contact including self-directed learning
hours and the total hours expected to be covered for the entire unit.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre – requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MTH404
Mathematics I
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre – requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MTH409
Mathematics II
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre-requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
PHY402
Physics I
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination.
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre-requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
PHY403
Physics II
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination.
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
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1 Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
mathematics and physics.
7 Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET402
Atmospheric Science I
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination including
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
1 Programme
Certificate IV in Meteorology
2 Code
MET403
3 Unit Name
Atmospheric Science II
4 Level
4
5 Credits
5
6 Pre-requisite
A pass in form 6 examination including
mathematics and physics and MET402.
7 Learning Hours
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
1 Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
mathematics and physics.
7 Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET404
Synoptic Meteorology I
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination including
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
1 Programme
Certificate IV in Meteorology
2 Code
MET405
3 Unit Name
Synoptic Meteorology II
4 Level
4
5 Credits
5
6 Pre-requisite
A pass in form 6 examination including
mathematics and physics and MET404.
7 Learning Hours
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1 Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
Physics.
7 Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET406
Tropical Cyclone Genesis, Climatology & Forecasting.
4
5
A pass in form 6 examination including mathematics and
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
1 Programme Certificate IV in Meteorology
2 Code
MET407
3 Unit Name
Climate Variability, Change & Prediction
4 Level
4
5 Credits
5
6 Pre-requisite
A pass in form 6 examination including mathematics and
Physics and MET406.
7 Learning Hours
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
This section has a detailed description of the 10 units that constitute the Certificate in
Meteorology Programme. UD‟s are also available in separate Excel files in electronic forms in
standard formats that the FNU is now using.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre – requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MTH404
Mathematics 1
4
5
Pass in form 6 examination.
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
8 Purpose
The purpose of this unit is to introduce the students with complex numbers, algebra,
functions and graphs and Trigonometry.
9 Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 Use the knowledge of foundation mathematics to solve application problems
practically.
10 Content
10.1 Topic 1 Algebra
10.1.1 Partial Fractions
10.1.2 Binomial Theorem
10.1.3 Sigma Notation
10.1.4 Mathematical Induction
10.2 Topic 2 Functions and Graphs
10.2.1 Functions
10.2.2 Constructions of Functions
10.2.3 Graphs
10.2.4 Graphs of Polynomials
10.2.5 Rational Functions
10.2.6 Exponential and Logarithm Functions
10.3 Topic 3 Trigonometry
10.3.1 Periodic Functions and Graphs
10.3.2 Basic Identities
10.3.3 Prove Identities
10.3.4 The Addition Laws
10.3.5 Applications of Additional formulas
10.3.6 Inverse Trigonometry Functions
10.3.7 Trigonometric Equations
10.4 Topic 4 Complex Numbers
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
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FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.4.1
10.4.2
10.4.3
10.4.4
10.4.5
10.4.6
10.4.7
10.4.8
10.4.9
Definition of Complex Numbers
Operations with Complex Numbers
Complex Conjugate
Division of Complex Numbers
The Complex Plane
Polar Form of a Complex Number
Operation using Polar Form of Complex Numbers
Roots of Complex Numbers
Curves and Regions in the Complex Plane
11 Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Project
Others
 Class Talks
Final Examination
Minimum number
required
4
Weighting (%)
50
50
12 Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
A Bachelor‟s degree in Science with a major in Mathematics or equivalent with relevant
teaching experience.
13 References
The following text is suitable to be used as a guide for this unit:
13.1 Dalby, T. (1996) Foundation Mathematics, Unit 1-4, The University of the South
Pacific, Suva.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
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FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre – requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MTH409
Mathematics II
4
5
Pass in form 6 examination.
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
8 Purpose
The purpose of this unit is to introduce the students to limits and continuity,
differentiation, integration, and probability and statistics.
9 Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 Use limits and continuity to approach different application problems.
9.2 Apply different techniques of differentiation and use these techniques to solve
functions.
9.3 Use integration techniques to find area of functions and volumes of different solids.
9.4 Apply foundation knowledge of probability and statistics to solve problems.
10 Content
10.1 Topic 1 Limits and Continuity
10.1.1 Limits (An intuitive introduction)
10.1.2 Limits (Computational techniques)
10.1.3 Continuity
10.1.4 Limits and continuity of trigonometry functions.
10.2 Topic 2 Differentiation
10.2.1 Product Rule
10.2.2 Quotient Rule
10.2.3 Chain Rule
10.2.4 Derivatives of trigonometric functions
10.2.5 Implicit differentiation
10.2.6 Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions
10.2.7 Critical points
10.2.8 Increase, decrease, inflection points and concavity
10.2.9 Applications of derivatives
10.2.10 Absolute extreme
10.2.11 Applications of maximum and minimum problems
10.3 Topic 3 Integration
10.3.1 Using standard rules
10.3.2 Trigonometric functions
10.3.3 Substitution
10.3.4 The definite integral
10.3.5 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
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10.3.6
10.3.7
10.3.8
10.3.9
10.3.10
Integration by parts
Area of functions and volumes of solids of revolution
Area between two curves
Volumes by slicing, disks and washers
Volumes by cylindrical shells
10.4 Topic 4 Probability
10.4.1 Experiment, sample space and events
10.4.2 Venn diagrams, union and intersection of events, complementary and
mutually exclusive events
10.4.3 Counting sample points, permutations and combinations
10.4.4 Probability of an event
10.4.5 Additional rules
10.4.6 Conditional probability
10.4.7 Independent Events
11 Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Project
Others
 Class Talks
Final Examination
Minimum number
required
4
Weighting (%)
50
50
12 Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Science majoring in Mathematics or equivalent with relevant
teaching experience.
13 References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 Dalby, T. (1996) Foundation Mathematics, Unit 5-8, The University
of the South Pacific, Suva.
13.2 Deoki , P.V. (1994) Introductory Statistics, The University of the
South Pacific, Suva.
13.3 Sealy, J. R. and Agnew A. W. (1994) Advanced Mathematics, Longman Paul Ltd.,
New Zealand.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre-requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
PHY402
Physics 1
4
5
A pass in Form 6 examination..
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
8 Purpose
This course introduces Mechanics, the study of motion and its course. This is a natural
starting point; everyday experience offers abundant examples of mechanical principles,
more than for any other area of physics. In this course we introduce several elements of
language of physics, including units, calculation techniques and vector algebra.
In the delivery of this unit, emphasis will be placed on the conduct of practical experiment
and demonstration of safe and accurate use of laboratory equipment, developing skills in
using scientific methods of solving problems, understanding of common principles and their
application to a range of everyday situation and technology.
9 Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 Explain the principles of mechanics.
9.2 Apply the mathematical tools in problem solving.
9.3 Solve problems on each of the topics taught.
9.4 Perform calculation and solve problems using vector analysis and Newton‟s laws.
10 Content
10.1 Topic 1 - Measurement
10.1.1 Dimensional analysis
10.1.2 Uncertainties
10.1.3 Significant figures and relationships
10.1.4 Concepts defined problems with the use of basic concepts
10.2 Topic 2 - Kinematics
10.2.1 Introduce the concept of distance, velocity, acceleration
10.2.2 Free falling bodies
10.2.3 Equations of motion
10.2.4 Vectors
10.2.5 Projectile motion
10.2.6 Relative velocity
10.3 Topic 3 - Dynamics
10.3.1 Newton‟s laws of motion
10.3.2 Weight, application of Newton‟s laws
10.4 Topic 4 - Statics
10.4.1 Define the phrase particle in equilibrium
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
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10.4.2 Explain the dynamics of particles
10.4.3 Introduce frictional forces and rigid bodies in equilibrium
10.5 Topic 5 - Conservation of Momentum
10.5.1 Define the term impulse
10.5.2 Conservation of momentum
10.5.3 Collision in one dimension
10.5.4 Energy conservation in collision
10.5.5 Introduce the methods of solving problem in the topic momentum
10.6 Topic 6 - Rotational Motion
10.6.1 Explain angular displacement, velocity and acceleration
10.6.2 Rotational kinematics relating linear and rotational kinematics, moment of
inertia, torque and angular acceleration
10.6.3 Explain work, power, angular momentum, and conservation of angular
momentum, circular motion, banking of curves
10.6.4 The above concepts involve very interesting real world situations.
Problems of such nature to be discussed as well
10.7 Topic 7 - Gravitation
10.7.1 Introduce to Newton‟s Laws, Laws of Universal Gravitation and Kepler‟s
Laws
10.7.2 Gravitational potential energy, motion of satellites, motion of planets
10.8 Topic 8 - Temperature, Thermal Expansion and Heat
10.8.1 Discuss the concepts of Ideal Gas Equation
10.8.2 Boyles Law, Avogadro‟s Number
10.8.3 Kinetic molecular model at an ideal gas
10.8.4 Heat capacities of gases and solids
10.8.5 Heat engines, Carnot Cycle
11 Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Project
Others
 Class Talks
 Tutorials
Final Examination
Minimum number
required
2
10
Weighting (%)
20
20
10
50
12 Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
20
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Degree in Bachelor of Science majoring in Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience.
13 References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 Robert, C., Kenneth, V., Manning, Marsh,W., White, George, A., Weggand.
College Physics, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill.
13.2 Sear, L.Y. (2001) University Physics, 9th Edition, Addision Wesley.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
21
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Programme
Code
Unit Name
Level
Credits
Pre-requisite
Learning Hours
Certificate IV in Meteorology
PHY403
Physics II
4
5
A pass in Form 6 examination.
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
8 Purpose
The purpose of this unit is to provide basic foundation concept in physics required by those
who intend to continue studying physics or related area of study at tertiary level.
This unit is broadening the knowledge of electrical physics. The topics covered give a very firm
foundation to in the area of electrical physics.
In the delivery of this unit, emphasis will be placed on the conduct of practical experiment and
demonstration of safe and accurate use of apparatus and chemicals, developing skills in using
scientific methods of solving problems, understanding of common chemical principles and
their application to a range of everyday situation and technology.
9 Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 Explain the concepts of direct current, electrostatics, electromagnetism,
oscillation, wave motion, and modern physics.
9.2 Solve the problems relating to various situations for the above topics.
9.3 Carry out experiments demonstrating various concepts of electrical physics.
9.4 Relate the concepts learnt to everyday situation.
10 Content
10.1 Topic 1 - Direct Current
10.1.1 Electron current theory and drift velocity
10.1.2 Electron force and internal resistance of a cell
10.1.3 Resistivity and Resistance
10.1.4 Electrical meters
10.1.5 Circuit laws – Kirchhoff‟s laws
10.1.6 Whetstone Bridge and Potentiometer
10.2 Topic 2 - Electrostatics
10.2.1 Electric field, charge density
10.2.2 Electric field between two plates
10.2.3 Field due to point charge
10.2.4 Coulombs laws, electrical potential, potential due to point charge
10.2.5 Analogy between electric field and gravitational field
10.2.6 Capacitors and capacitance
10.2.7 Parallel plate capacitors
10.2.8 Relation between voltage charge and capacitance
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
22
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.2.9 Capacitors in parallel and series
10.2.10 Discharge of capacitors through resistors
10.3 Topic 3 - Electromagnetism
10.3.1 Magnetic field
10.3.2 Magnetic substance, magnetic flux
10.3.3 Force on moving charges
10.3.4 Force on current carrying wire
10.3.5 Magnetic field due to straight conductor, solenoid and toroid
10.3.6 Force between two wires
10.3.7 Electromagnetic Induction
10.3.8 Induced emf
10.3.9 Lenz‟s law
10.3.10 Faradays law
10.3.11 DC motors, AC generators, Transformers and Eddy currents
10.3.12 AC circuits
10.3.13 Impedance, inductors and self-inductance
10.3.14 Impedance of inductors, capacitors
10.3.15 Impedance of LCR circuits
10.3.16 Phase diagrams
10.3.17 RMS values of alternating currents and voltages
10.4 Topic 4 - Oscillation
10.4.1 Define SHM, energy of simple harmonic motion
10.4.2 Mathematical and graphical description of vibrations
10.4.3 Simple pendulum
10.5 Topic 5 - Wave Motion
10.5.1 Types of waves
10.5.2 Longitudinal and transverse waves
10.5.3 Mathematical and graphical description of waves
10.5.4 Energy in wave motion
10.5.5 Beats, Doppler effect, standing wave, interference of waves in pipes
10.5.6 Double slit – sound and light
10.5.7 Thin film interference
10.5.8 Polarization of waves
10.6 Topic 6 - Modern Physics
10.6.1 Millikan Oil Drop experiment
10.6.2 The photoelectric effect
10.6.3 Planks constant, wavelength, frequency and speed
10.6.4 Electron volts, atomic structure and spectrum
10.6.5 Rutherford experiment, Bohr theory of hydrogen
10.6.6 Absorption spectrum and solar spectrum
11 Assessment
Assessment
Minimum number
required
Weighting (%)
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
23
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Project
Others
 Class Talks
 Tutorials
Final Examination
2
10
20
20
10
50
12 Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Science majoring in Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience.
13 References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 Robert, C. Kenneth, V. Manning, Marsh,W. White, George, A. Weggand,
College Physics, 5th Edition, McGraw Hill.
13.1 Sear, L. Y. (2001) University Physics, 9th Edition, Addision Wesley.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
24
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1 Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
physics.
7 Learning Hours
8
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET402
Atmospheric Science I
4
5
Pass in Form 6 examination including mathematics and
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
Purpose
This course is designed to acquaint students with a broad spectrum of knowledge in
the field of atmospheric science, dealing with all elements of weather observation
methods and theory.
Meteorology is an interdisciplinary science that spans many subject-areas and covers
various spatial scales (e.g. global, regional, and local). The emphasis of this
component will be on meteorological observations/measurements, their interpretation,
and some basic applications of these data including a moderate amount of "hands on"
weather map analysis.
A major research project will be submitted by each student researching and writing a
proposal for the setting up of a weather observation facility, with full justification for
costs, meteorological enclosure design, type of instruments used, their
representativeness and conformity with World Meteorological Organization standards.
9
9.4
Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
Describe the physical principles and interactions that govern the composition, structure
and behaviour of the earth's atmosphere.
Obtain an increased knowledge of the terminology used to describe the atmosphere
and weather phenomena.
Obtain a greater ability to interpret meaning and extract information from either
personal observation of the weather or watching/listening to media weather reports.
Develop skills to perform and interpret weather map analyses.
10
Content
10.1
Topic 1 – Weather
10.1.1 Name the seven meteorological elements.
10.1.2 List the names and percentages of the four main gases in the atmosphere.
10.1.3 Explain the terms: Troposphere, Tropopause and Stratosphere.
10.1.4 Give the five values of the ICAO standard atmosphere.
10.1.5 Name ten types of weather.
Name five types of precipitation
9.1
9.2
9.3
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
25
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.2
Topic 2 –Temperature
10.1.1 Discuss how we can measure temperature in surface and upper air.
10.1.2 Explain how the atmosphere is heated.
10.1.3 State how temperature varies with: height, latitude, time and cloud cover.
10.1.4 Define the diurnal variation of temperature.
10.1.5 State three conditions needed for a large diurnal variation.
10.1.6 Define a temperature inversion
10.1.7 Name two common types of inversion and state how each can be recognized.
10.1.110.1.8
Discuss how we can measure temprature in surface and upper air.
10.3
Topic 3 –Humidity
10.3.1 State the meaning of Humidity.
10.3.2 Name the sources of Water Vapor through the hydrological cycle.
10.3.3 Name the three states of water.
10.3.4 Define the terms: Relative Humidity, Saturated and, Dew Point.
10.3.5 State how those terms are connected.
10.3.110.3.6
State how the humidity varies with time of day and proximity to the
sea.
10.4
Topic 4 –Clouds
10.4.1 Name the three dangers to flying found in clouds.
10.4.2 Name four types of water found in clouds.
10.4.3 Define Super-cooled Water showing its hazard on flight operation.
10.4.4 Name the three observations made about clouds, and give their units.
10.4.5 Define the terms: Stratus, Cumulus, and Nimbus.
10.4.6 State the 3 ranges of cloud height
10.4.110.4.7 Identify the ten cloud types, and give their abbreviations.
10.5
Topic 5–Cloud formation
10.5.1 Define an Adiabatic change of temperature.
10.5.2 Give the value of the DALR and the SALR.
10.5.3 Describe stable and unstable atmospheres.
10.5.4 State the conditions of stability and instability related to lapse rates.
10.5.5 Name four types of vertical motion.
10.5.110.5.6 Describe Convective and Orographic vertical motion
10.6
Topic 6–Ethics and good governance as it applies to meteorology
10.6.1 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) & ICAO Vision, Core Values and
Guiding Principles.
10.6.2 Commitment and loyalty in local, national, regional, and international service.
10.6.3 Professionalism, Objectivity, Impartiality, Excellence and Team Spirit.
10.6.4 English scientific style and syntex
10.6.5 Scientific Communication, Project Proposal Writing and Presentation
10.7
Topic 7–English language for scientists
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
26
Comment [p1]: Topic Contents
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
11
Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Major Original Project
Final Examination
Minimum number required
5
5
5
1
Weighting (%)
10
10
10
20
50
12
Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Meteorology or Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience. Preference will be given to persons who have served as a professional
meteorologist at a national meteorological service. Person who has served as a senior
observer and/or senior technical officer at a national meteorological service will be able
to act as a tutor and may be able to take some lecture classes dependent on the
component, under direct supervision of the HOD Meteorology.
13
References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 "Meteorology Today", C. Donald Ahrens, West Publishing Company, 2003 (7th
edition).
13.2 "Weather", Paul E. Zehr, R. Will Burnett, and Herbert S. Zim, Golden Press,
1987.
13.3 “The Atmosphere An Introduction to Meteorology 11th Edition”, by
Lutgens Tarbuck, 2010.
13.4 “Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere 6th Edition”
by C. Donald Ahrens, 2010.
13.5 “Meteorlogy Understanding the Atmosphere 3rd Editon” by Steven A.
Ackerman and John A. Knox, 2012.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
27
Comment [p2]: More References
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1 Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
physics and MET402.
7 Learning Hours
6
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET403
Atmospheric Science II
4
5
Pass in Form 6 examination including mathematics and
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
Purpose
This course is a continuation of the MET402 Atmospheric Science II course. However content
in both courses can stand alone in its own right as they are different modules in the vast
subject areas of atmospheric science. The subject is designed to acquaint students with a
broad spectrum of knowledge in the field of atmospheric science, dealing with all elements of
weather observation methods and theory.
Meteorology is an interdisciplinary science that spans many subject-areas and covers various
spatial scales (e.g. global, regional, and local). The emphasis of this component will be on
meteorological observations/measurements, their interpretation, and some basic applications of
these data including a moderate amount of "hands on" weather map analysis.
A major research project will be submitted by each student researching and writing a proposal
for the setting up of a weather observation facility, with full justification for costs, meteorological
enclosure design, type of instruments used, their representativeness and conformity with World
Meteorological Organization standards.
9
Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 Describe the physical principles and interactions that govern the composition, structure
and behaviour of the earth's atmosphere.
9.2 Obtain an increased knowledge of the terminology used to describe the atmosphere
and weather phenomena.
9.3 Obtain a greater ability to interpret meaning and extract information from either
personal observations of the weather or watching/listening to media weather reports.
9.4 Develop skills to perform and interpret weather map analyses.
10
Content
10.1
Topic 1 – Visibility
10.1.1 Define the wod visibility.
10.1.2 State the units used.
10.1.3 Define the terms: Fog, Mist and Haze.
10.1.4 Define Glare, Mirage, upsun, downsun, upmoon, downmoon, and state their
cause.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
28
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.1.110.1.5
State the cause of the Dust Devil and of a Sand Storm.
10.1.210.1.6
State why visibility improves after rain.
10.2
Topic 2 – Fog
10.2.1 State two conditions necessary for fog formation.
10.2.2 State the favourable conditions which are required for the formation of
radiation, Advection and Hill Fog.
10.2.3. State the mechanism of formation of the three types of fog.
10.2.4. Name three ways in which FOG will clear.
10.3
Topic 3 – Pressure
10.3.1 Define atmospheric pressure.
10.3.2 Define the Units beign used.
10.3.3 Name two types of barometer.
10.3.4 State the pressure at standard altitudes.
10.3.5 Define Height, Elevation and Altitude.
10.3.6 State the pressure lapse rate below 5000 feet.
10.3.7 Define QFE and QNH.
10.3.110.3.8 Convert QFE and QNH.
10.4
Topic 4 – The Altimeter
10.4.1 Name the Barometer used as an altimeter.
10.4.2 State what is read when QFE, QNH, or 1013 hPa are set on the Subscale
10.4.3 Sate the actions that the pilot should take at the Transition Altitude.
10.4.4 Convert between the Pressure, Altitude, and the Flight Level.
10.4.5 Explain the over-read and the under-read in Altimeter.
10.5
Topic 5 – Wind
10.5.1 State the cause of wind.
10.5.2 Name the units and instruments used to measure wind velocity.
10.5.3 Describe how eddies form.
10.5.4 State how wind varies with height.
10.5.5 Define the terms: Gust, Squall, and Gale.
10.5.6 Plot wind direction and speed -velocity on maps.
10.5.7 Define the terms veering wind and backing wind.
10.6
Topic 6 – Ethics and good governance as used in meteorology
10.6.1 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) & ICAO Vision, Core Values and
Guiding Principles.
10.6.2 Relations with the public, including the media.
10.6.3 Personal Conduct and outside professional activities.
10.6.4 English scientific style and syntex
10.6.5 Scientific Communication, Project Proposal Writing and Presentation
10.7
Topic 7 – English language use in scientific report writing
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
29
Comment [p3]: Topic Contents
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
11
12
Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Major Original Project
Final Examination
Minimum number required
5
5
5
1
Weighting (%)
10
10
10
20
50
Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Meteorology or Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience. Preference will be given to persons who have served as a professional
meteorologist at a national meteorological service. Person who has served as a senior
observer and/or senior technical officer at a national meteorological service will be able
to act as a tutor and may be able to take some lecture classes dependent on the
component, under direct supervision of a professional meteorologist.
13 References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 “The Atmospheric Environment – Effects of Human Activity”, by Michael McElroy,
Princeton University Press 2002
13.2 “Atmosphere, Ocean and Climate Dynamics, An Introductory Text”, by J. Marshall
and A. Plumb, 2008.
13.3 “The Atmosphere An Introduction to Meteorology 11th Edition”, by
Lutgens Tarbuck, 2010.
13.4 “Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere 6th Edition”
by C. Donald Ahrens, 2010.
13.5 “Meteorlogy Understanding the Atmosphere 3rd Editon” by Steven A.
Ackerman and John A. Knox, 2012.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
30
Comment [p4]: More references
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1 Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
physics.
7 Learning Hours
8
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET404
Synoptic Meteorology I
4
5
Pass in Form 6 examination including mathematics and
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
Purpose
This course will provide the student with a complete understanding of the elements of weather,
the instruments used to measure the various weather elements, and the manner of observation
and recording for meteorological use taking into account all the WMO and ICAO rules and
regulations. The student will learn about local, national, regional and global weather patterns
and will also look at elements like temperature, humidity, clouds, and cloud formation.
Furthermore in-depth look at ethics and good governance as it applies to science and in
particular meteorology and the use of English language for scientists in report writing, project
formulation and scientific presentations.
9
Learning Outcomes
.
9.1. To ensure that the student develops and inert ability to describe the physical principles and
interactions that govern composition, structure and behavior of the earth‟s atmosphere.
9.2. To learn and have increased knowledge of the terminology used to describe the
atmosphere and used to describe the atmosphere and weather phenomena
9.3. Obtaining a greater ability to interpret meaning and extract information from either personal
observations of the weather or watching/listening to media weather reports.
9.4. To develop skills to draw and analyze weather maps.
9.5. To be able to forecast basic weather elements trends and variability.
10
Content
10.1
Topic 1 –Weather Maps
10.1.1 Define an Isobar.
10.1.2 List and define the five main features of a weather map.
10.1.3 State the direction of vertical motion in High and Low pressure.
10.1.4 State the type of clouds and the likely flying conditions associated with
High and Low pressure.
10.1.5 State the likely weather and flying conditions associated with a Trough
and a Ridge.
10.1.6 Define a Col and state the strength of the wind speed found inside a
Col.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
31
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.1.7 State which kind of pressure system is associated with a temperature
inversion.
10.1.8 Plot and decode wind velocities as they are shown on a weather map.
10.1.9 State the relationship between wind speed and the distance between the
Isobars.
10.1.10 State the relationship between the wind direction and the Isobars.
10.1.11 Mark on a weather map areas of strong and light surface winds.
10.1.12 State Buys Ballot's Law.
10.1.13 State the direction that the wind blows around High and Low pressure.
10.1.14 Estimate a 'spot' value pressure at any given point on a weather map.
10.1.15 State the likely wind direction at any given point on a weather map.
10.2
Topic 2 –Air Masses and Fronts
10.2.1 Define an Air mass.
10.2.2 Define the terms: Front, Polar, Tropical, Continental, and Maritime.
10.2.3 Show on a map, the 4 air masses which affect Saudi Arabia.
10.2.4 State the kinds of weather which are produced by these air masses and
the seasons in which they occur.
10.2.5 Explain the formation of the front
10.2.6 State the 2 main types of fronts and explain their differences
10.2.7 State the symbols used to denote the 2 main types of front on a weather
map.
10.2.8 By use of a diagram describe the 2 main types of front.
10.3
Topic 3 – Thunderstorms
10.3.1 State the conditions for the thunderstorms and list the three trigger
actions.
10.3.2 State the 2 types of thunderstorms and explain their differences
10.3.3 Explain how thunderstorms develop and by the use of a diagram,
describe the structure of a thunderstorm.
10.3.4 List the hazards associated with thunderstorms.
10.3.5 State how to avoid these hazards.
10.4 Topic 4 –Local Wind
10.4.1 State the favoured conditions required for the formation of the Sea
Breeze.
10.4.2 Draw a diagram to show the circulation of the Sea Breeze and on it,
mark the position of High and Low pressure.
10.4.3 State how the Sea Breeze affects temperature, humidity, and wind speed
as it moves inland.
10.4.4 Distinguish between the Sea Breeze and the Land Breeze.
10.4.5 Distinguish between the Katabatic Wind and the Anabatic Wind.
10.4.6 State and draw on a map the directions of the Khamsin and Shamal
Winds.
10.4.7 State the times of year the Khamsin and Shamal Winds occur and the
kind of weather associated with each of these winds.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
32
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.5
Topic 5 – Turbulence
10.5.1 Name the three types of Turbulence.
10.5.2 State how Frictional Turbulence is caused and where in the
Troposphere it occurs.
10.5.3 State how Thermal Turbulence is caused and where in the Troposphere
it occurs.
10.5.4 State how Clear Air Turbulence is caused and where in the
Troposphere it occurs.
10.5.5 State how (C.A.T.) can be possibly reduced or avoided.
10.6 Topic 6 - Ethics and good governance in meteorology
10.6.1 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) & ICAO Vision, Core
Values and Guiding Principles.
10.6.2 Commitment and loyalty in local, national, regional, and international
service.
10.6.3 Commitment Professionalism, Objectivity, Impartiality, Excellence
and Team Spirit.
10.6.4 English scientific style and syntax
10.6.5 Scientific Communication, Project Proposal Writing and Presentation
Comment [p5]: Topic Contents
10.7 Topic 7 – English language use in scientific report writing and seminar
presentations.
11.
12
13
Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Major Original Project
Final Examination
Minimum number required
5
5
5
1
Weighting (%)
10
10
10
20
50
Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Meteorology or Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience. Preference will be given to persons who have served as a professional
meteorologist at a national meteorological service. Person who has served as a senior
observer and/or senior technical officer at a national meteorological service will be able
to act as a tutor and may be able to take some lecture classes dependent on the
component, under direct supervision of a professional meteorologist.
References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 "Weather", Paul E. Zehr, R. Will Burnett, and Herbert S. Zim, Golden Press, 1987.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
33
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
13.2 “The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology”, by Frederick K. Lutgens /
Edward J. Tarbuck, Tenth Edition 2007, Publisher: Pearson Prentice Hall
13.3 “The Atmosphere An Introduction to Meteorology 11th Edition”, by Lutgens
Tarbuck, 2010.
13.4 “Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere 6th Edition” by
C. Donald Ahrens, 2010.
13.5 “Meteorlogy Understanding the Atmosphere 3rd Editon” by Steven A.
Ackerman and John A. Knox, 2012.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
34
Comment [p6]: More References
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Programme
2 Code
3 Unit Name
4 Level
5 Credits
6 Pre-requisite
physics and MET404.
7 Learning Hours
8
Certificate IV in Meteorology
MET405
Synoptic Meteorology II
4
5
Pass in Form 6 examination including mathematics and
Class Contact
Self-Directed
Total Hours
90
60
150
Purpose
This course will provide the student with a complete understanding of the elements of weather,
the instruments used to measure the various weather elements, and the manner of observation
and recording for meteorological use taking into account all the WMO and ICAO rules and
regulations. The student will learn about local, national, regional and global weather patterns
and will also look at elements like temperature, humidity, clouds, and cloud formation.
Furthermore in-depth look at ethics and good governance as it applies to science and in
particular meteorology and the use of English language for scientists in report writing, project
formulation and scientific presentations.
9
Learning Outcomes
9.1 Ensure that the student develops and inert ability to describe the physical principles
and interactions that govern the composition, structure and behavior of the earth's
atmosphere.
9.2. For the student to learn and have an increased knowledge of the terminology used
to describe the atmosphere and weather phenomena.
9.3 Obtaining a greater ability to interpret meaning and extract information from either
personal observations of the weather or watching/listening to media weather reports.
9.4 To develop skills to draw and analyze weather maps.
9.5 To forecast basic weather elements, trends and variations.
10
10.1
Content
Topic 1 – Mountain Airflow
10.1.1 1 Define a "contour" and explain how " contour charts " are constructed
10.1.2 Explain the importance of upper wind charts in Meteorology and how they may
be interpreted.
10.1.3 Define and describe a ""jet stream"" and state which jet affects Saudi Arabia.
10.1.110.1.4 Upper Air winds over Sydney, Auckland, Raoul Island and Nadi Airport
based on upper air soundings.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
35
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
10.2
Topic 2 – Upper Wind
10.2.1 Define a "contour" and explain how " contour charts " are constructed .
10.2.2 Explain the importance of upper wind charts in Meteorology and how they may
be interpreted.
10.2.3 Define and describe a ""jet stream"" and state which jet affects Saudi Arabia.
10.2.4 Upper Air winds over Sydney, Auckland, Raoul Island and Nadi Airport based on
upper air soundings.
10.3
Topic 3 – Icing
10.3.1 Describe Engine Icing.
10.3.2 Describe Airframe Icing
10.3.3 List the types of Airframe Icing of common on in Saudi Arabia
10.3.4 List the ranges of temperature of every type icing.
10.3.5 Explain when and where icing is most likely to occur and how it might be avoided.
10.4
Topic 4 – General Circulation
10.4.1 State the factors affecting the motion of air.
10.4.2 Illustrate the wind circulation model for a uniform surface.
10.4.3 State the major pressure systems and how they form.
10.4.4 State the main wind belts of the earth with their sources
10.4.5 Explain why deserts exists around latitude 30o N. & S
10.4.6 Explain the difference between Equatorial rain (Local Storms) and frontal Polar
Rain (Traveling Cyclones)
10.5
Topic 5 –METAR, SPECI, ARFOR, TAF, ROFOR
10.5.1 Decode and understand METAR, SPECI, ARFOR, ROFOR, TAF, WINDTEM
reports.
10.5.2 Hourly reports for aviation and special conditions.
10.5.3 Area forecast.
10.5.4 Route forecast.
10.5.5 Terminal aerodrome forecasts and take-off data.
10.6
Topic 6 – Ethics and good governance in meteorology
10.6.1 Bringing irregularities to light and helping with investigations.
10.6.2 Commitment and loyalty in international service.
10.6.3 Cultural sensitivity and diversity.
10.6.4 English scientific style and syntex
10.6.5 Scientific Communication, Project Proposal Writing and Presentation
10.7
11
Comment [p7]: Topic Contents
Topic 7 – English language use in scientific writing.
Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practicals
Assignments
Major Original Project
Minimum number required
5
5
5
1
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
Weighting (%)
10
10
10
20
36
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
Final Examination
12
50
Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Meteorology or Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience. Preference will be given to persons who have served as a professional
meteorologist at a national meteorological service. Person who has served as a senior
observer and/or senior technical officer at a national meteorological service will be able
to act as a tutor and may be able to take some lecture classes dependent on the
component, under direct supervision of a professional meteorologist.
13
References
The following texts are suitable to be used as guides for this unit:
13.1 "Weather", Paul E. Zehr, R. Will Burnett, and Herbert S. Zim, Golden Press, 1987.
13.2 “The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology”, by Frederick K. Lutgens / Edward J.
Tarbuck, Tenth Edition 2007, Publisher: Pearson Prentice Hall
13.3 “The Atmosphere An Introduction to Meteorology 11th Edition”, by Lutgens Tarbuck,
2010.
13.4 “Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere 6th Edition” by C. Donald
Ahrens, 2010.
13.5 “Meteorlogy Understanding the Atmosphere 3rd Editon” by Steven A. Ackerman and
John A. Knox, 2012.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
37
Comment [p8]: More References
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1 Programme Certificate IV in Meteorology
2 Code
MET406
3 Unit Name
Tropical Cyclone Genesis, Climatology & Forecasting.
4 Level
4
5 Credits
5
6 Pre-requisite
Pass in Form 6 including mathematics and physics.
7 Learning Hours
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
8
Purpose
This is a comprehensive course that thoroughly covers all aspects of the conditions
required for the physical formation of the tropical cyclone globally, the global
climatology of tropical cyclones and the methods and manner of forecasting tropical
cyclones, including a comprehensive look at the warning system. The course also
looks at all aspects of severe weather and disaster impacts, preparedness, human
mitigation and the work of the national disaster management organization.
9
Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 explain the impacts from severe weather systems
9.2 explain the principles of the formation of a tropical cyclone
9.3 explain the principles of forecasting the track and intensity of tropical cyclone
9.4 understand the phenomena of the genesis, climatology and impacts from tropical
cyclones.
10 Course Outline:
I. Tropical Cyclones
10.1.1
Measuring the Weight of Air, World Wind Systems and Classification of Winds
10.1.2
Classification of Cyclones, conditions necessary for the formation of Cyclones
10.1.3
How Cyclones develop and four ways of looking at a Tropical cyclone.
10.1.4
The movement of Tropical Cyclones.
II Forecasting the Path of Cyclone
10.2.1
Satellites
10.2.2
Weather Bulletins
10.2.3
Cyclone Warnings
10.2.4
Precautions
10.2.5
Recent improvements in Forecasting
III. Cyclone Hazards
10.3.1
Violent Winds
10.3.2
High seas
10.3.3
Heavy Rain
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
38
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
IV. Reducing the Hazards
10.4.1
Better Forecasting
10.4.2
Transmitting Warnings
10.4.3
Foreword Plan
V. Case Study: Cyclone Isaac, Namu, Eric and Nigel
10.5.1
Tonga‟s worst storm.
10.5.2
Isaac trail of rain.
10.5.3
The storm surge
10.5.4
Reconstruction
VI. Ethics, Governance and English Scientific Writings
10.6.1
Bringing irregularities to light and helping with investigations.
10.6.2
Commitment and loyalty in international service.
10.6.3
Cultural sensitivity and diversity.
10.6.4
English scientific style and syntax
10.6.5
Scientific Communication, Project Proposal Writing and Presentation
11
Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Major Original Project
Final Examination
Minimum number required
5
5
5
1
Weighting (%)
10
10
10
20
50
12 Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Meteorology or Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience. Preference will be given to persons who have served as a professional
meteorologist at a national meteorological service. Person who has served as a senior
observer and/or senior technical officer at a national meteorological service will be able
to act as a tutor and may be able to take some lecture classes dependent on the
component, under direct supervision of a professional meteorologist.
13 References
13.1 "Tropical Cyclones", Heinemann Education,1988, First Edition
13.2 “Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere 6th Edition” by
C. Donald Ahrens, 2010.
13.3 “Meteorlogy Understanding the Atmosphere 3rd Editon” by Steven A.
Ackerman and John A. Knox, 2012.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
39
Comment [p9]: More References
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
1 Programme Certificate IV in Meteorology
2 Code
MET407
3 Unit Name
Climate Variability, Change & Prediction
4 Level
4
5 Credits
5
6 Pre-requisite
Pass in Form 6 including mathematics and physics and MET406.
7 Learning Hours
Class Contact
90
Self-Directed
60
Total Hours
150
8
Purpose
This is a comprehensive course that thoroughly covers all aspects of climate studies,
climate variability, and closely looks at climate drivers like the SPCZ, the ITCZ, the
Walker and the Hadley Circulation. The course looks at issues like the variability of
rainfall in the tropical Pacific and its links to the ENSO –El Nino Southern Oscillation
index. Special attention is given to the specific meaning of the term „Change” and it‟s
misuse by the masses, with constant lies, misrepresentation and needless speculation
about future changes in the climate without being fully aware of all the uncertainties
and likely errors in climate modeling results, many of which are unable to even
replicate the present day climate including the areal as well as temporal intensity and
location of the climate drivers mentioned above. This course concludes with a
comprehensive study of the science of climate predictions on a short, medium and long
term basis.
9
Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this unit, the students should be able to:
9.1 explain the impacts from climate variability
9.2 explain the principles of climatology, variability and change
9.3 explain the principles of climate prediction
9.4 understand the phenomena of El Nino, Southern Oscillation, climate drivers, and
aspects of climate modeling
10
Course Outline:
I. Climate Systems
10.1.1
The global, regional, national and local climate system.
10.1.2
The basis and nature of the earth-atmosphere climate system
II. Natural Variability within the Climate System
10.2.1
The natural variability within the global climate system
10.2.2
Understanding the mean state of the earth‟s weather-climate system
III Climate Prediction Systems
10.3.1
Climate prediction on short, medium and long term basis
10.3.2
The issues with the term “Change” as used presently by the general public
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
40
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
IV EL-Nino, La Nina Southern Oscillation and Climate Variability
10.4.1
The issues with the term “Change” as used presently by the general public
10.4.2
Understanding natural cycle issues within the earth-atmosphere system
including the Southern Oscillation, El Nino, L Nina and their use in climate extreme
predictions
V Ethics, Governance
10.5.1
Major ethical issues in climatology studies and use of lies and
misrepresentations to obtain funding for the science
VI English Scientific Writings
10.6.1
English language use in scientific writing especially research reports and
publications, including the language used in scientific presentations.
11
Assessment
Assessment
Tests
Laboratory Practical
Assignments
Major Original Project
Final Examination
12
Minimum number required
5
5
5
1
Weighting
(%)
10
10
10
20
50
Minimum Qualification of Lecturers
Degree in Bachelor of Meteorology or Physics or equivalent with some teaching
experience. Preference will be given to persons who have served as a professional
meteorologist at a national meteorological service. Person who has served as a senior
observer and/or senior technical officer at a national meteorological service will be able
to act as a tutor and may be able to take some lecture classes dependent on the
component, under direct supervision of a professional meteorologist.
13 References
13.113.4 “Global Physical Climatology (The International Geophysics Series, Vol. 56) by
Dennis Hartmann, Academic Press, 1994
13.213.5 “The Earth‟s Climate Past and Present”, by William Ruddiman.
13.313.6 “Dire Predictions”, by Michael Mann.
13.7 “Guide to Weather Forecasting” by Storm Dunlop, 2008
13.8 “Ultimate guide to Americas Weather” by Jack Williams, 2009.
13.9 “Notes on Meteorology 3rd Edition” by Kemp & Young, 2011.
13.10 “Doppler Radar, Satellites and Computer models” by Paul Fleisher, 2011.
13.11 “Essentials of Meteorology: An Invitation to the Atmosphere 6th Edition”
by C. Donald Ahrens, 2010.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
41
Department of Meteorology School of Applied Science
College of Engineering, Science & Technology
FIJI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
13.12 “Meteorlogy Understanding the Atmosphere 3rd Editon” by Steven A.
Ackerman and John A. Knox, 2012.
Certificate IV Meteorology (CIM) Programme: April 2012
42
Comment [p10]: More References