Number: Addition and Subtraction
NUMBER BONDS
Year R
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Relate addition to
the combining of 2
groups of objects
Use vocabulary of
addition in practical
situations.
Add 2 single digits
practically.
Say the number
that is 1 more
represent and use
number bonds and
related subtraction facts
within 20
recall and use addition and
subtraction facts to 20
fluently, and derive and
use related facts up to 100
Review and consolidate
- recall and use
addition and
subtraction facts to 20
fluently, and derive and
use related facts up to
100
Review and consolidate recall and use addition
and subtraction facts to
20 fluently, and derive
and use related facts up
to 100
Chanting numbers
backwards
-Finds 1 less from a
group of up to 5,
then 10 objects
add and subtract onedigit and two-digit
numbers to 20, including
zero
0+0
T0+0
T0+multiple of 10
Understanding when a
number is ‘near to’ a
whole ten.
add and subtract numbers
using concrete objects,
pictorial representations,
and mentally, including:
* a two-digit number
and ones
* a two-digit number
and tens
* two two-digit numbers
* adding three one-digit
numbers
* Partitioning numbers
in different ways.
-in practical
activities begins to
use the vocabulary
involved in
subtraction
-records using
marks they can
interpret and
explain
MENTAL CALCULATION
add and subtract
Review and consolidate numbers mentally,
add and subtract
including:
numbers mentally,
* a three-digit
including:
number and ones
* a three-digit number
* a three-digit
and ones
number and tens
* a three-digit number
* a three-digit
and tens
number and
* a three-digit number
hundreds
and hundreds
-begins to identify
own mathematical
problems based on
own interests
5
Year 5
Year 6
Review and consolidate recall and use addition
and subtraction facts to
20 fluently, and derive
and use related facts up
to 100
Review and consolidate recall and use addition
and subtraction facts to
20 fluently, and derive
and use related facts up
to 100
add and subtract numbers
mentally with increasingly
large numbers
perform mental
calculations, including
with mixed operations
and large numbers
Identify common factors,
common multiples and
prime numbers.
Number: Addition and Subtraction
Year 1
read, write and interpret
mathematical statements
involving addition (+),
subtraction (-) and equals
(=) signs
(appears also in Mental
Calculation)
Year 2
Review and consolidate read, write and interpret
mathematical statements
involving addition (+),
subtraction (-) and equals (=)
signs
(appears also in Mental
Calculation)
- Partitioning and recombining
when subtracting.
- Subtract 1 digit and 2 digit
numbers to 20
-subtract multiple of 10 from
TO number
Know to start from the
biggest number when
subtracting.
- Begin to see the inverse
relationship between addition
and subtraction
WRITTEN METHODS
Year 3
Year 4
add and subtract numbers add and subtract numbers
with up to three digits,
with up to 4 digits using the
using formal written
formal written methods of
methods of columnar
columnar addition and
addition and subtraction
subtraction where
appropriate
Year 5
add and subtract whole
numbers with more than 4
digits, including using formal
written methods (columnar
addition and subtraction)
INVERSE OPERATIONS, ESTIMATING AND CHECKING ANSWERS
recognise and use the inverse estimate the answer to a
estimate and use inverse
use rounding to check
relationship between addition calculation and use inverse operations to check answers answers to calculations and
and subtraction and use this
operations to check
to a calculation
determine, in the context of a
to check calculations and
answers
problem, levels of accuracy
solve missing number
problems.
6
Year 6
Review and consolidate - add
and subtract whole numbers
with more than 4 digits,
including using formal written
methods (columnar addition
and subtraction)
use estimation to check
answers to calculations and
determine, in the context of a
problem, levels of accuracy.
Number: Addition and Subtraction
PROBLEM SOLVING
Year 1
solve one-step problems
that involve addition and
subtraction, using concrete
objects and pictorial
representations, and
missing number problems
such as
7=-9
Year 2
solve problems with addition
and subtraction:
* using concrete objects
and pictorial representations,
including those involving
numbers, quantities and
measures
* applying their increasing
knowledge of mental and
written methods
solve simple problems in a
practical context involving
addition and subtraction of
money of the same unit,
including giving change
(copied from Measurement)
Year 3
solve problems, including
missing number problems,
using number facts, place
value, and more complex
addition and subtraction
Year 4
solve addition and
subtraction two-step
problems in contexts,
deciding which operations
and methods to use and
why
Year 5
solve addition and subtraction
multi-step problems in
contexts, deciding which
operations and methods to
use and why
Year 6
solve addition and subtraction
multi-step problems in
contexts, deciding which
operations and methods to
use and why
Solve problems involving
addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division
7