Ch. 18, Sect 2
The Cold War Heats Up
After World War II, China becomes a
communist nation and Korea is split into a
communist north and a democratic south.
Objective: Explain how Communist came to power in China and how the United States reacted
and summarize the events of the Korean war.
Nationalists Versus Communists
• Chinese Communists battle
Nationalist government of
Chiang Kai-shek
– U.S. supports Chiang, but his government
is inefficient, corrupt
• Communists, led by Mao
Zedong, work to get peasant
support
–
Peasants flock to Red Army; by 1945, communists control
north China
Renewed Civil War
U.S. sends military aid
to Nationalists to oppose
communism
• 1949, Nationalists fled to
Taiwan
• mainland China becomes
Communists establish People’s Republic of
•
1944–47,
•
China
U.S. does not recognize Communist Chinese government
The Korean War
“The Forgotten War”
A Divided Country
•
End of WWII, Japanese
surrendered in Korea at
the 38th parallel
• North of 38th parallel surrenders to
Soviet Union; south to
U.S.
•
Republic of Korea (South Korea), Democratic
People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) founded
tar613
Pg 613
• 1950, North Korea
invades South Korean War begins
•
UN to stop
invasion; Security
Council approves
South Korea calls on
– MacArthur put in command of U.N.
forces (South Korean, U.S., other forces)
• China sends troops to
help North Korea; push south,
•
capture Seoul
Fighting continues for 2 more years
MacArthur Versus Truman
• MacArthur calls for war with
China; Truman rejects request
• Truman fires him (April 1951)
–
–
Public outraged over hero’s dismissal
Congressional committee investigation concludes
Truman was right
Cold War Heats Up
“Douglas MacArthur”
(Cornell Column)
“Douglas
MacArthur”
1. Image
projected?
2. Relations with
Truman?
3. Presidential
candidate?
As you read about MacArthur, answer
the following questions in note
section of notes.
1. What kind of image do you
think MacArthur wanted to
project?
2. MacArthur lived outside the
U.S. from ‘37 to ‘51. What
effect might that have had on
his relations with Truman?
3. Why might Eisenhower have
been more appealing as a
presidential candidate than
MacArthur?
History Channel video (4min) http://www.history.com/topics/korean-war/videos/douglasmacarthur?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false
Settling for Stalemate
•
1951, Soviet Union suggests cease-fire
• July 1953 armistice:
Korea still divided;
demilitarized zone (DMZ)
established
Outcome:
1. Lack of success
2. human and (US-54,000),
financial costs
($67billion)
3. help’s elect
Eisenhower (’52)
Left-Side
“Containment Cartoon”
1. Analyze the political cartoon and answer
the corresponding questions.
2. Present - share out answers to your cartoon.
– Audience - write title and sketch cartoon,
during presentation.
3. Attach cartoon onto Left-Side