Test Review
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4.
Nativism:
extreme dislike of foreigners or immigrants
Political Machine:
An organization linked to a political
party that often controlled local
government
tenements:
dark and overcrowded multifamily
apartment buildings
graft:
The acquisition of money in dishonest ways,
as in bribing a politician
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8.
individualism:
The belief that no matter what a
person’s background is, the person can still
become successful through effort
philanthropy:
Providing money to support humanitarian
or social goals
Settlement house:
An institution located in a poor
neighborhood that provided numerous
community services
Populism:
A political movement founded in the 1830’s
representing mainly farmers
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12.
inflation:
An ongoing increase in prices and a
decrease in the value of money
deflation:
An ongoing increase in prices and a
decrease in the value of money
cooperatives:
A store where farmers buy products from
each other
Poll tax:
a tax of a fixed allotment per person that
had to be paid before the person could
vote.
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14.
segregation:
the separation or isolation of a race,
class or group
Jim Crow Laws:
statutes enacted to enforce segregation
Fill In the Blank
1. Many Chinese immigrants came to the US to
work on the transcontinental railroad
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6.
Disease and pollution were major problems in
US cities
Some native – born Americans opposed Eastern
European immigrants because they were
Catholic.
Nativism in the US in the late 1800’s was
focused on Asian, Jewish and Eastern European
immigrants
Many machine politicians and political bosses
grew rich as a result of graft.
The philosophy of Social Darwinism applied
Darwin’s theory of evolution to humans and
business.
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12.
Social reformers believed that society’s problems could
be fixed only by:
regulating the economy and helping
those in need
Naturalism is the idea that some people fail in life
because of circumstances beyond their control.
The Pendleton Civil Service Act established a
professional civil service by requiring that some
government jobs be filled based on exams rather than
patronage
Grangers created cooperatives that were intended to
raise the prices of crops in order to help famers.
In 1896, the Supreme Courts decision in Plessy v.
Ferguson upheld the idea of “separate but equal”
The grandfather clause in Louisiana allowed any man to
vote if he had an ancestor on the voting rolls in 1867.
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2.
How did arriving immigrants change
American society?
changed the face and size of American
cities
List the reasons why many immigrants left
Europe.
escape poverty, restrictions of social
class, forced military service, high food
prices, rising population, religious
persecution
What types of people made up the middle
class?
doctors, lawyers, engineers, managers,
social workers, architects, teachers
4. Explain the following
Social Gospel:
movement that worked to better
conditions in cities according to biblical
ideals of charity and justice
Gospel of Wealth:
philosophy that Americans with a great deal
of money should use it for social progress
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6.
Why did many Southern states pass Jim Crow laws?
to limit voting rights
List the Populist demands in the following areas:
Economic Reform:
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Increase in the money supply
Graduated income tax
Federal loan program
Government Reform:
Election of US senators by popular vote
Single terms for President and Vice President
Secret ballots to prevent voter fraud
Worker/Immigration Reform:
An 8 hour workday
Restrictions on immigration
7.
How did Southern states get around
upholding the idea of “separate but equal”?
Jim Crow laws, violence, sharecropping