Thirteen British Colonies
By 1750 there were 13 British colonies along the Atlantic
coast south of New France.
In the New England Colonies, people lived and
worked in fishing villages, port cities, and small
towns surrounded by modest family farms.
New France
In the Middle Colonies, farms were
larger and farmland more productive.
VciljONIESM M^achuseBS
Lively urban centers were home
^ Hov£S«1626 New Netherland is founded;^W;
to prosperous merchants
English gain control in 1664 and
and skilled artisans.
rename it New York.
,'\ N
1688, .„
)/
•fc In the Southern Colonies,
the large plantations near
the coast grew single crops
for trade at nearby
port cities. Smaller towns
and farms dotted the
foothills farther west.
\ *""*"•'
"
°
*
New\
Hampshire
Schenecta
1626
New York
Exeter .* Portsmouth
Gloucester
•
1620
^Massachusetts
MIDDLED
COLONIES
Perth Ambo]
Trenton^ 7^4 New Jersey
Philadelphia + Burlington
ncasteK*
.-^Wilmington
/ Castle
i Dover
1638'Delaware
New Sweden is founded
along the Delaware River.
English gain control in 1664.
f ATLANTIC
OCEAN
Wilmington
FALL LINE
SETTLEMENTS
THIRTEEN COLONIES
175O
Regional division
Colonial boundary
Indefinite boundary
*
Colonial capital
1607 Date founded
200 kilometers
24
In 1750 few colonies had
definite western boundaries.
Those not blocked by other
colonies continued to expand
as settlers moved west into
new territory.
i
I
I
Land Regions
I Plains and lowland
I Plateau
| Highland
= City on Fall Line
0
100
200 miles
Waterfalls and rapids along the edge of the
Piedmont created a barrier to navigation called
the Fall Line. Trading towns grew where goods to
be carried past the falls were unloaded from boats.
ERA
Colonization and Settlement
1585-1763
RELIGION IN THE COLONIES
176O
Other Religions
Official Religions
Baptist
j
| Anglican (Episcopal)
|
| Puritan (Congregational)
•^- Lutheran
|
| None (policy of
religious tolerance)
-|- Mennonite
0
100
^ Presbyterian
^- Quaker
200 miles
1626-1664 New Netherland,
later New York, is Dutch
Reformed.
^ Roman Catholic
0
100
200 kilometers
^ Jewish
, Like European countries of the time,
' most colonies financially supported
one religion, called the "established
church," and not others. Four
other colonies encouraged all
religions but gave money
to none.
1633-1649 Maryland is
Roman Catholic. It becomes
Anglican in 1691.
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
ofdiffwewb
wuLe, Mid stormy se^u -to
come/ kitker..."
ATLANTIC
OCEAN
— PETER KALM,
SWEDISH IMMIGRANT
DESCRIBING PENNSYLVANIA, 1738
COLONISTS FROM
MANY NATIONS
NY 7%
Largest European Group
POPULATION BY COLONY, 1750
By 1750 there were a million settlers and slaves in
the 13 colonies. The two earliest colonies had the
largest populations.
Colonists tended to settle with others from the
same part of Europe. By 1760 ethnically distinct
regions could be found throughout the colonies.
Notice the changes since 1640, shown on map C
on page 23.
|
| English
|
| German
|
| Scots-Irish
|
| Dutch
|
| Scots
Enslaved Africans
rx^ Over 30% of
^^ local population
— Colonial boundary, 1760
0
100
200 kilometers
25