Variables and Data Types KEY

Lesson Plan
Course Title: Computer Programming
Session Title: Variables and Data Types
Lesson Duration: 3-4 hours
Performance Objective: Upon completion of this assignment, the student will be able to use
primitive data types in a simple program.
Specific Objectives:
 Identify data types based on keywords and values
 Develop requirements and specifications for variables
 Differentiate between different data types and variables based on their characteristics
Preparation
TEKS Correlations: 130.276(c)
 4.B – identify input and output requirements
 4.D – develop software requirements and specifications
 7.A – differentiate among concepts of data
Instructor/Trainer
References:
• Content Developer Knowledge
• Java Software Solutions for AP Computer Science by Lewis, Loftus, & Cocking, copyright
2004 Pearson Education, Inc.
• Introduction to Computer Science using Java, by Liberty, Quirk & Weiss, copyright 2005,
Glencoe McGraw-Hill
Instructional Aids:
• Presentation: ‘Intro to Variables and Data Types’
• Handout & KEY: ‘Guided Notes: Intro to Variables and Data Types’
• Handout & Lab File & KEY: ‘Observing Variables’ & ‘ObservingVariables.java’
• Lab File: ‘VariablePractice.java’
• Lab File: ‘UsingVariables.java’
• Handout & KEY: ‘Variable Review’
• Handout & KEY: ‘Variable Quiz A, B, & C’
• Handout : ‘Variable Poster’
Materials Needed:
• The teacher’s intro demonstration uses about 5 envelopes and 50 3x5 cards
• Copies of instructional aides
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•
Pencil or pen
Equipment Needed:
Each student will need access to a computer with Java installed.
Learner
The learner should have understanding of simple Java code, including system output.
Introduction
MI
Introduction (LSI Quadrant I):
The instructor begins the group discussion with a demonstration using envelopes.
Label the outside of an envelope with the letter ‘x’. Show the envelope to the class
and ask what they think is inside the envelope. Open the envelope to show them that
it is empty.
Then write a number on a 3x5 card. Show it to the class and put it in the envelope.
Discuss the difference between the name of the envelope (x) and the value it
contains (whatever is written on the 3x5).
Change the label on the envelope so that it reads “int x”, and tell the group that only
integers are allowed in the envelope, and it can only contain one integer at a time -and the name of that integer will be ‘x’.
Label another envelope “float y”, explaining to the group that ‘float’ means a number
with a decimal, and that whatever value is in the envelope will be referred to as ‘y’.
Label another envelope “String z”, and explain to the class that this envelope can
only contain ‘Strings’, which are words, letters, or symbols that are enclosed in
double quotes.
Pass out 3x5 cards to class members and invite them to write a value on the card
that is a String, an integer, or a float.
Pass the envelopes around and invite class members to put values in the
appropriate envelopes, making sure to remove the previous value first.
When the exercise is over, check the envelopes to see what the final value is in each
one. Have the class discuss whether the correct type of data is in the envelope, and
how the values were changed as the envelopes were passed around.
Discussion should take 5-10 minutes.
Outline
MI
Outline (LSI Quadrant II):
Instructor Notes:
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The instructor presents the ‘Intro to Variables and
Data Types’ Presentation. Students follow along
using the ‘Intro to Variables and Data Types Guided
Notes.’ The instructor can pause at any point to
expand the discussion or clarify concepts.
The Presentation and guided
notes can also be used by
students who were absent
and trying to catch up. It can
also be used as a review.
Terms & Concepts presented:
• The advantage of using named variables, such
as ease and flexibility of referring to something
with an unknown or changing value, and writing
code that is more understandable
The guided notes may be
graded using the KEY to
check student understanding.
•
Clarification of the difference between a variable
name and its value
•
Characteristics and limitations of a variable’s
name
•
The meaning of a variable’s data type
•
Variables can change value, except those that
are declared with the keyword ‘final’, meaning
that they cannot change value
•
Variables that are final should be named in all
capital letters
•
Variables of the same data type can be declared
in the same line
•
The difference between intrinsic and reference
data types
•
The 8 different intrinsic data types and the kind
of information they hold
•
How to choose a data type based on the type
and size of information to be stored
•
Reference data types (the same as ‘class’ data
types) are more complex than primitive data
types, and are only briefly explained here. There
are millions of Reference data types, the same
way there are millions of books and magazines.
Any data type that is Reference should begin
with a capital letter. More information will be
given about this data type when students are
introduced to classes.
Students who do not
complete the guided notes
during the presentation may
need to review the
Presentation on their own
time.
The Presentation, discussion, and notes should take
15 – 20 minutes.
Application
MI
Guided Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
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Handout & Lab File: ‘Observing Methods’
The teacher could begin this lab by showing it to the students on the overhead
projector and discussing different parts of the code. The teacher might even guide
the class through the first few questions to get them started. Students should then be
able to complete the lab individually or in pairs.
The student’s basic goal is to observe, analyze, and report what happens as they
follow the various instructions that are in the lab. The student uses numbered
questions in the handout that correspond to numbered segments in the lab file that
have instructions. The student follows the numbered instructions in the code and
answers questions about the code and about the output when the lab file is run. This
lab reinforces terminology, and the basics of variables and data types. Encourage
students to look at the entire lab file before running the lab or answering questions.
One of the benefits of this lab is that the student learns to identify parts of the
variable declaration, using the terminology given in the Presentation.
This lab could be completed in 10-15 minutes.
There is a KEY to assess student understanding.
MI
Independent Practice (LSI Quadrant III):
Lab File: ‘VariablePractice.java’
In this lab exercise, students follow numbered instructions that are imbedded in the
code. The first two of the instructions are already completed in the code as an
example for the students. Students may refer to the ‘observation’ lab for code
examples. The lab is assessed by looking at the code and having the student run
the completed lab to check the output statements.
This lab takes 10-15 minutes.
Summary
MI
Review (LSI Quadrants I and IV):
Handout & KEY: ‘Variable Review’
Students can use their notes and the Presentation to answer questions about
examples of variable naming, definition, and use. Teachers may allow students to
grade their own self-evaluation, but should hold them accountable for correcting any
errors by writing explanations for any question that they miss.
This self-evaluation takes 10-15 minutes.
Evaluation
MI
Informal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III):
Lab File: ‘UsingVariables.java’
In this lab there are 6 numbered instructions imbedded in the code. Students
complete the lab by writing a few lines of code to follow each instruction. The teacher
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evaluates the lab by looking at the student’s code additions in each section and by
observing the output. Students can use examples from previous labs to complete the
instructions.
This lab takes 20-30 minutes.
MI
Formal Assessment (LSI Quadrant III, IV):
Handouts & KEYs: ‘Methods Quiz A, B, & C’
These quizzes are used as formal assessment of students’ understanding of variable
and data type terminology and concepts. Each one contains similar material that is
rearranged. The ‘C’ version is modified with fewer questions.
The quiz takes 10-15minutes to complete.
Extension
MI
Extension/Enrichment (LSI Quadrant IV):
Handout : ‘Variable Poster’
This exercise challenges students to consolidate and utilize their understanding of
variables and data types by creating a poster to teach others about primitive data
types, giving examples and explaining related keywords.
Icon
MI
Teaching Strategies
Personal Development
Strategies
Verbal/
Linguistic
Lecture, discussion, journal
writing, cooperative learning,
word origins
Reading, highlighting, outlining,
teaching others, reciting information
Logical/
Mathematical
Problem solving, number
games, critical thinking,
classifying and organizing,
Socratic questioning
Organizing material logically, explaining
things sequentially, finding patterns,
developing systems, outlining, charting,
graphing, analyzing information
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Visual/Spatial
Musical/
Rhythmic
Bodily/
Kinesthetic
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Naturalist
Existentialist
Mind-mapping, reflective
time, graphic organizers,
color-coding systems,
drawings, designs, video,
DVD, charts, maps
Use music, compose songs
or raps, use musical
language or metaphors
Use manipulatives, hand
signals, pantomime, real life
situations, puzzles and board
games, activities, roleplaying, action problems
Reflective teaching,
interviews, reflective listening,
KWL charts
Cooperative learning, roleplaying, group brainstorming,
cross-cultural interactions
Natural objects as
manipulatives and as
background for learning
Socratic questions, real life
situations, global
problems/questions
Developing graphic organizers, mindmapping, charting, graphing, organizing
with color, mental imagery (drawing in
the mind’s eye)
Creating rhythms out of words, creating
rhythms with instruments, playing an
instrument, putting words to existing
songs
Moving while learning, pacing while
reciting, acting out scripts of material,
designing games, moving fingers under
words while reading
Reflecting on personal meaning of
information, studying in quiet settings,
imagining experiments, visualizing
information, journaling
Studying in a group, discussing
information, using flash cards with
other, teaching others
Connecting with nature, forming study
groups with like-minded people
Considering personal relationship to
larger context
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Guided Notes: Variables and Data Types
Objective: To reinforce concepts and syntax learned in the Variables lab as you follow the
presentation, and to introduce intrinsic data types. Instructions: Wait for the presentation to fill
out the notes below
1. The name of a variable is a location [in Java / in memory ] that holds a value.
2. Circle the variable’s name in the following statement. int height = 7;
3. Circle the part that declares the variable’s name and type. int height = 7;
4. Circle the part that declares the variable’s value. int height = 7;
5. When the variable is [ declared / deleted / initialized ] the location is reserved.
6. When the variable is [ declared / deleted / initialized ] , a value is placed in the location.
7. Rewrite the statement int height = 7; so that the variable is declared in one statement
and initialized in a second statement. ______________________;
8. Rewrite the statement int height = 7; so that the variable is a constant. Remember the
naming convention for such a variable. _______________________;
9. Rewrite the following statements in a single statement.
a. int fingers = 10;
b. int eyes = 2;
c. int teeth;
d. ______________________________________;
10. The two main data types are
a. P___________, also called ____________
b. R___________, also called ____________
11. To store a character, use the ________ primitive data type.
12. To store an extremely large whole number, use the ________ primitive data type.
13. To store a small decimal number, use the ___________ primitive data type.
14. Which one requires more memory? [ byte / short ]
Conclusions: Use what you know to answer the following questions.
15. By naming convention, which of the following variables cannot be changed?
[ mud / MUD / Mud ].
16. Circle the correct declaration
a. int things = ‘7’;
b. int THINGS = 7;
c. int things = 7;
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Guided Notes: Variables and Data Types KEY
Objective: To reinforce concepts and syntax learned in the Variables lab as you follow the
presentation, and to introduce intrinsic data types. Instructions: Wait for the presentation to fill
out the notes below.
1. The name of a variable is a location [in Java / in memory ] that holds a value.
2. Circle the variable’s name in the following statement. int height = 7;
3. Circle the part that declares the variable’s name and type. int height = 7;
4. Circle the part that declares the variable’s value. int height = 7;
5. When the variable is [ declared / deleted / initialized ] the location is reserved.
6. When the variable is [ declared / deleted / initialized ] , a value is placed in the
location.
7. Rewrite the statement int height = 7; so that the variable is declared in one statement
and initialized in a second statement. int height; height = 7;
8. Rewrite the statement int height = 7; so that the variable is a constant. Remember the
naming convention for such a variable. final int HEIGHT = 7;
9. Rewrite the following statements in a single statement.
a. int fingers = 10;
b. int eyes = 2;
c. int teeth;
d. int fingers = 10, eyes = 2, teeth;
10. The two main data types are
a. Primitive, also called intrinsic
b. Reference, also called class
11. To store a character, use the char primitive data type.
12. To store an extremely large whole number, use the long primitive data type.
13. To store a small decimal number, use the float primitive data type.
14. Which one requires more memory? [ byte / short ]
Conclusions: Use what you know to answer the following questions.
15. By naming convention, which of the following variables cannot be changed?
[ mud / MUD / Mud ]
16. Circle the correct declaration
a. int things = ‘7’;
b. int THINGS = 7;
c. int things = 7;
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Enrichment Activity: Creating a Variables Poster
Objective: TLW demonstrate understanding of variable syntax and concepts
Instructions: Create a poster that explains variable keywords, syntax, and naming conventions,
using the following criteria:
Primitive Data Types
1. List each of the primitive variables (short, float, long, Boolean, int, double, byte, char).
2. Group the primitive data types by the kind of data they hold, and set them in relative
order according to how much data they hold.
3. Show an example of declaring and initializing each of the data types. Test your
examples with a compiler to make sure your syntax is correct.
Syntax Examples
4. Diagram a statement that declares and initializes a variable. Label the value, data type,
and name of the variable.
5. Show an example of declaring and initializing a variable in a single line.
6. Show an example of declaring a variable in one line, and initializing it in a second line.
7. Show an example of declaring a variable that cannot be changed.
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Review
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types
Instructions: Answer questions below using words from the Word Bank
bit
byte
decimal
int
char
String
text
double
Boolean
1. The _______________ data type holds true or false.
long
class
short
2. The _______________ data type holds a single character.
3. The _______________ data type stores the smallest integers.
4. The _______________ data type stores the largest decimal numbers.
5. The _______________ data type stores the largest whole numbers.
Circle the best answers for the questions below about the statement: int x = 7;
6. What is the value of the variable? [ int / x / 7 ]
7. What is the name of the variable? [ int / x / 7 ]
8. What is the data type of the variable? [ int / x / 7 ]
9. Is the variable initialized? [ yes / no ]
10. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
Think about a variable that holds a single character which cannot be changed, and circle
the correct answers below.
11. The best name would be…[ myChar / MyChar / MYCHAR ].
12. The first keyword would be… [ final / int / Boolean / char ].
Complete the following per instructions.
13. Declare and initialize a variable named x which holds the value
true;______________________;
14. Declare an integer variable named q, but do not initialize it.
______________________;
15. Declare and initialize a variable named pi, which can hold a very large decimal
number and can never change. Give it the value 3.147
______________________;
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Review KEY
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types
Instructions: Answer questions below using words from the Word Bank
bit
byte
decimal
long
int
char
String
class
ext
double
Boolean
short
1. The Boolean data type holds true or false.
2. The char data type holds a single character.
3. The byte data type stores the smallest integers.
4. The double data type stores the largest decimal numbers.
5. The long data type stores the largest whole numbers.
Circle the best answers for the questions below about the statement: int x = 7;
6. What is the value of the variable? [ int / x / 7 ]
7. What is the name of the variable? [ int / x / 7 ]
8. What is the data type of the variable? [ int / x / 7 ]
9. Is the variable initialized? [ yes / no ]
10. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
Think about a variable that holds a single character which cannot be changed, circle the
correct answers below.
11. The best name would be…[ myChar / MyChar / MYCHAR ]
12. The first keyword would be… [ final / int / Boolean / char ]
Complete the following per instructions.
13. Declare and initialize a variable named x which holds the value true;
Boolean x = true;
14. Declare an integer variable named q, but do not initialize it.
int q;
15. Declare and initialize a variable named pi, which can hold a very large decimal number
and can never change. Give it the value 3.147
final double PI = 3.147;
Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
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Variable Quiz A
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types
Instructions: Complete the questions below
Use the following statement for the questions below: int gallons = 43;
1. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
2. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
3. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
4. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: final int Beans;
5. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
6. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
7. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
8. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int percent = 3.1;
9. What would you change to fix a problem? [ nothing / the name / the value ]
10. If your suggested changes were made, what would you add to make sure the value
could not change? [ nothing / constant / final / a comment ]
Use your understanding of data types and naming conventions for the following:
11. Rewrite the statement int height = 7; so that the variable is declared in one statement
and initialized in a second statement. ________________________
12. Which data type stores whole numbers? [ Boolean / char / byte ]
13. Which data type stores decimal numbers? [ long / double / short ]
14. Which data type stores extremely large whole numbers? [ byte / double / long ]
15. Can an integer (int) be a negative number? [ yes / no ]
16. Which of the following is constant? [ THING / Thing / thing ]
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Quiz A KEY
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types
Instructions: Complete the questions below
Use the following statement for the questions below: int gallons = 43;
1. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
2. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
3. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
4. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: final int Beans;
5. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
6. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
7. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
8. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int percent = 3.1;
9. What would you change to fix a problem? [ nothing / the name / the value ]
10. If your suggested changes were made, what would you add to make sure the value
could not change? [ nothing / constant / final / a comment ]
Use your understanding of data types and naming conventions for the following:
11. Rewrite the statement int height = 7; so that the variable is declared in one statement
and initialized in a second statement. int height; height = 7;
12. Which data type stores whole numbers? [ Boolean / char / byte ]
13. Which data type stores decimal numbers? [ long / double / short ]
14. Which data type stores extremely large whole numbers? [ byte / double / long ]
15. Can an integer (int) be a negative number? [ yes / no ]
16. Which of the following is constant? [ THING / Thing / thing ]
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Quiz B
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types.
Instructions: Complete the questions below
Use the following statement for the questions below: final double Change;
1. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
2. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
3. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
4. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int size = 3.1;
5. If your suggested changes were made, what would you add to make sure the value
could not change? [ nothing / constant / final / a comment ]
6. What would you change to fix a problem? [ nothing / the name / the value ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int dollars = 43;
7. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
8. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
9. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
10. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
Use your understanding of data types and naming conventions for the following:
11. Which data type stores decimal numbers? [ long / double / short ]
12. Which data type stores extremely large whole numbers? [ byte / double / long ]
13. Can an integer (int) be a negative number? [ yes / no ]
14. Which of the following is constant? [ THING / Thing / thing ]
15. Rewrite the statement String word = “abc”; so that the variable is declared in one
statement and initialized in a second statement. ______________________;
16. Which data type stores whole numbers? [ Boolean / char / byte ]
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Quiz B KEY
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types.
Instructions: Complete the questions below
Use the following statement for the questions below: final double Change;
1. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
2. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
3. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
4. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int size = 3.1;
5. If your suggested changes were made, what would you add to make sure the value
could not change? [ nothing / constant / final / a comment ]
6. What would you change to fix a problem? [ nothing / the name / the value ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int dollars = 43;
7. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
8. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
9. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
10. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
Use your understanding of data types and naming conventions for the following:
11. Which data type stores decimal numbers? [ long / double / short ]
12. Which data type stores extremely large whole numbers? [ byte / double / long ]
13. Can an integer (int) be a negative number? [ yes / no ]
14. Which of the following is constant? [ THING / Thing / thing ]
15. Rewrite the statement String word = “abc”; so that the variable is declared in one
statement and initialized in a second statement. String word; word = “abc”;
16. Which data type stores whole numbers? [ Boolean / char / byte ]
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Quiz C
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types.
Instructions: Complete the questions below
Use your understanding of data types and naming conventions for the following:
1. Rewrite the statement int gallons = 43; so that the variable is declared in one statement
and initialized in a second statement. _______________________;
2. Which data type stores whole numbers? [ Boolean / char / byte ]
3. Which data type stores decimal numbers? [ long / double / short ]
4. Which data type stores extremely large whole numbers? [ byte / double / long ]
5. Can an integer (int) be a negative number? [ yes / no ]
6. Which of the following is constant? [ THING / Thing / thing ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int beans = 7;
7. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
8. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
9. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
10. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: final char Glyph;
11. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
12. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
13. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
14. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int depth = 4.5;
15. What would you change to fix a problem? [ the name / the value ]
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Name: ____________________ Date: _________________ Period: _______
Variable Quiz C KEY
Objective: Demonstrate understanding and use of variables and data types.
Instructions: Complete the questions below
Use your understanding of data types and naming conventions for the following:
1. Rewrite the statement int gallons = 43; so that the variable is declared in one statement
and initialized in a second statement. int gallons; gallons = 43;
2. Which data type stores whole numbers? [ Boolean / char / byte ]
3. Which data type stores decimal numbers? [ long / double / short ]
4. Which data type stores extremely large whole numbers? [ byte / double / long ]
5. Can an integer (int) be a negative number? [ yes / no ]
6. Which of the following is constant? [ THING / Thing / thing ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int beans = 7;
7. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
8. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
9. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
10. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: final char Glyph;
11. Has the variable been initialized? [ yes / no ]
12. Can the value be changed? [ yes / no ]
13. Does it follow the correct naming convention? [yes / no ]
14. Has the variable been declared? [ yes / no ]
Use the following statement for the questions below: int depth = 4.5;
15. What would you change to fix a problem? [ the name / the value ]
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