1. Which of the following bonds is the most polar?
A. C−H
B. C−Cl
C. C−O
D. C−N
2. For a molecule containing one atom each of C, O, and S, the central atom should be:
A. C
B. O
C. S
D. All three atoms are equally likely to be the central atom.
3. What is the molar mass of Pb(SO4)2?
A. 606.52 g/mol
B. 367.32 g/mol
C. 399.32 g/mol
D. 335.32 g/mol
4. List the following species in order of increasing percent Cr content by mass:
Cr Cr(OH)2 CrCl2 CrPO4.
A. Cr < Cr(OH)2 < CrCl2 < CrPO4
B. CrPO4 < CrCl2 < Cr(OH)2 < Cr
C. Cr < CrCl2 < CrPO4 < Cr(OH)2
D. CrPO4 < Cr(OH)2 < CrCl2 < Cr
5. Place the following in order of decreasing X-A-X bond angle, where A represents the central
atom and X represents the outer atoms in each molecule.
CS2 CF4 SCl2
A. CS2 = SCl2 > CF4
B. SCl2 > CF4 > CS2
C. CF4 > CS2 > SCl2
D. CS2 > CF4 > SCl2
6. What are the electron group geometry and the molecular geometry of NO2-?
A. Linear, bent
B. Trigonal planar, linear
C. Trigonal planar, bent
D. Linear, linear
7. If the central atom in a molecule has five electrons groups, what is the appropriate hybridization
for this atom?
A. sp2
B. sp3
C. sp3d
D. sp3d2
8. Consider the molecule below (note that the bond angle shown is not necessarily correct) and
determine the hybridization for the C atom and the HCN bond angle.
A. sp, 90°
B. sp, 180°
C. sp, 120°
D. sp2, 180°
9. Which of the following elements is least likely to break the octet rule?
A. Boron
B. Nitrogen
C. Phosphorus
D. Sulfur
10. Which of the following lists arranges the VSEPR geometries in order of increasing number of
electron groups?
A. Tetrahedral, octahedral, linear, trigonal planar, trigonal bipyramidal
B. Linear, trigonal planar, trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral, octahedral
C. Linear, octahedral, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal planar
D. Linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, octahedral
11. Please complete the following sentence. Be sure to provide a clear and thorough response.
According to valence bond theory, a chemical bond arises from:
12. The equatorial-equatorial and equatorial-axial bond angles in BrF5 are all 84.8˚, slightly smaller
than the predicted angle of 90˚. Identify the cause of the angle distortions and explain why the
distortion occurs. You may draw structures or diagrams if you wish, but you must also explain them
13. Describe the difference between a purely covalent bond and a purely ionic bond.
14. Draw the best Lewis dot structure for the following polyatomic ion, allowing for octet
expansion. Draw resonance structures, if applicable, and include the formal charges on each
atom.
Ion
Structure(s) and Formal Charges
ClO2−
15. The Lewis dot structure of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin is shown below. In the spaces provided, state
the expected hybridization of the numbered atoms and values for the specified bond angles. In
addition, state the number of σ- and π-bonds present in this molecule. Please note that the bond
angles shown in this figure are not necessarily the actual bond angles.
H
H
H
H

H
C
C2
C
C
C
H
H
C3
H

C
C4
O
N1:
C2:
C3:
C4:
H
C
C
N1


:
:
:
:
O
Total number of σ-bonds:
Total number of -bonds:
16. Answer the following questions regarding the bonding in the molecule shown below
(ethene) according to Valence Bond Theory.
H
H
H
C1
C2
H
The CC σ-bond is formed from the overlap of a C1
orbital with a C2
orbital.
The CC π-bond is formed from the overlap of a C1
orbital with a C2
orbital
17. Fill in the chart below.
Valence
Molecule
Electrons
BrF4+
ClF2⁻
Lewis Dot Structure
(expand octets to obey the
rules of formal charges
if permitted)
Molecular Structure
(draw the structure
and write the name
of the structure)
Is the
molecule/ion
Polar or
Nonpolar?
1. Which of the following bonds is the most polar?
A. C−H
B. C−Cl
C. C−O
D. C−N
2. For a molecule containing one atom each of C, O, and S, the central atom should be:
A. C
B. O
C. S
D. All three atoms are equally likely to be the central atom.
3. What is the molar mass of Pb(SO4)2?
A. 606.52 g/mol
B. 367.32 g/mol
C. 399.32 g/mol
D. 335.32 g/mol
4. List the following species in order of increasing percent Cr content by mass:
Cr Cr(OH)2 CrCl2 CrPO4.
A. Cr < Cr(OH)2 < CrCl2 < CrPO4
B. CrPO4 < CrCl2 < Cr(OH)2 < Cr
C. Cr < CrCl2 < CrPO4 < Cr(OH)2
D. CrPO4 < Cr(OH)2 < CrCl2 < Cr
5. Place the following in order of decreasing X-A-X bond angle, where A represents the central
atom and X represents the outer atoms in each molecule.
CS2 CF4 SCl2
A. CS2 = SCl2 > CF4
B. SCl2 > CF4 > CS2
C. CF4 > CS2 > SCl2
D. CS2 > CF4 > SCl2
6. What are the electron group geometry and the molecular geometry of NO2-?
A. Linear, bent
B. Trigonal planar, linear
C. Trigonal planar, bent
D. Linear, linear
7. If the central atom in a molecule has five electrons groups, what is the appropriate hybridization
for this atom?
A. sp2
B. sp3
C. sp3d
D. sp3d2
8. Consider the molecule below (note that the bond angle shown is not necessarily correct) and
determine the hybridization for the C atom and the HCN bond angle.
A. sp, 90°
B. sp, 180°
C. sp, 120°
D. sp2, 180°
9. Which of the following elements is least likely to break the octet rule?
A. Boron
B. Nitrogen
C. Phosphorus
D. Sulfur
10. Which of the following lists arranges the VSEPR geometries in order of increasing number of
electron groups?
A. Tetrahedral, octahedral, linear, trigonal planar, trigonal bipyramidal
B. Linear, trigonal planar, trigonal bipyramidal, tetrahedral, octahedral
C. Linear, octahedral, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal planar
D. Linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, octahedral
11. Please complete the following sentence. Be sure to provide a clear and thorough response.
According to valence bond theory, a chemical bond arises from:
12. The equatorial-equatorial and equatorial-axial bond angles in BrF5 are all 84.8˚, slightly smaller
than the predicted angle of 90˚. Identify the cause of the angle distortions and explain why the
distortion occurs. You may draw structures or diagrams if you wish, but you must also explain them
13. Describe the difference between a purely covalent bond and a purely ionic bond.
14. Draw the best Lewis dot structure for the following polyatomic ion, allowing for octet
expansion. Draw resonance structures, if applicable, and include the formal charges on each
atom.
15. The Lewis dot structure of 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin is shown below. In the spaces provided, state
the expected hybridization of the numbered atoms and values for the specified bond angles. In
addition, state the number of σ- and π-bonds present in this molecule. Please note that the bond
angles shown in this figure are not necessarily the actual bond angles.
16. Answer the following questions regarding the bonding in the molecule shown
below (ethene) according to Valence Bond Theory.
H
17. Fill in the chart below.
H
H
C1
C2
H