8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
April 04, 2014
Notes
March
2014
Properties of Matter
Matter can be classified as a
- Substance
- Compound
- Mixture (heterogeneous, homogeneous)
Substance - An element or compound that
cannot be broken down into simpler
components and maintain its properties.
Ex.
Element - a substance with atoms that are all
alike.
Ex.
Mixtures - A material made up of two or more substances
that CAN be easily separated by physical means.
• Homogeneous Mixture - A solid, liquid or
gas that contains two or more substances
blended evenly throughout.
> Ex
• Heterogeneous Mixture - A mixture in
which different materials are unevenly
distributed and are easily identified.
> Ex.
> Solution - A homogeneous mixture of particles so
small that they cannot be seen with a microscope
and will never settle to the bottom of their
container.
Ex.
> Colloid - A heterogenous mixture with particles
that are larger than those in solutions but not
heavy enough to settle out.
Ex.
> Suspension - A heterogeneous mixture containing a
liquid in which visible particles settle.
Ex.
Additional Term We Can't Forget!!!!
Compound - A substance in which two or more elements
are combined in fixed positions.
A2 --> Subscript number = # of atoms of that
particular element.
2A --> Coefficient = # of molecules
• Combine them --> 2A2 --> multiply the coefficient
by the subscript # = 4 atoms of A
Ex. NaCl --> Table Salt (No subscript or coefficient)
( 1 atom of Sodium + 1 atom of Chlorine)
H2O --> Water
(1 molecule of water; 2 atoms of hydrogen + 1 atom
of oxygen)
8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
April 04, 2014
Additional Term We Can't Forget!!!!
Compound - A substance in which two or more elements are
combined in fixed positions.
A2 --> Subscript number = # of atoms of that
particular element.
2A --> Coefficient = # of molecules
• Combine them --> 2A2 --> multiply the coefficient by
the subscript # = 4 atoms of A
Ex. NaCl --> Table Salt (No subscript or coefficient)
( 1 atom of Sodium + 1 atom of Chlorine)
H2O --> Water
(1 molecule of water; 2 atoms of hydrogen + 1 atom
of oxygen)
8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
Notes
April 04, 2014
March
2014
Matter can have the following properties:
- Physical Properties
- Chemical Properties
Physical Properties are the properties of matter that
you can observe without changing the identity of the
substances that make up the material.
Ex.
Chemical Properties are the properties of a substance
that indicate whether it can undergo a certain chemical
change.
Ex. flammable, react with other chemicals
8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
April 04, 2014
Physical Changes vs. Chemical Changes
Physical Change - A change in size,
shape, or state of matter.
Chemical Change - A change of one
substance to another.
Physical
vs.
Chemical
• Melting
• Produces bubbles
• Boiling
• Turns cloudy
• Breaking
• Temperature
• Cutting
• Dissolving
change
• Color change
• Change in smell or
taste
8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
2
Notes
April 04, 2014
April
2014
Reactants Products -
_______________
_______________
Conservation of Mass - When a chemical
reaction or change takes place, the total mass
of reactants always equals the total mass of
the products.
If 18 grams of hydrogen reacts with 633 g
of chlorine, how many grams of HCl are
formed on the product side?
H2 + Cl2
2HCl
8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
5
Notes
April 04, 2014
April
2014
Reactants Products _______________
_______________
Conservation of Mass - When a chemical
reaction or change takes place, the total mass
of reactants always equals the total mass of
the products.
If 18 grams of hydrogen reacts with 633 g
of chlorine, how many grams of HCl are
formed on the product side?
H2 + Cl2
2HCl
8 ­ Properties of Matter.notebook
6
Notes
April 04, 2014
April
2014
Reactants Products -
_______________
_______________
Conservation of Mass - When a chemical
reaction or change takes place, the total mass
of reactants always equals the total mass of
the products.
If 18 grams of hydrogen reacts with 633 g
of chlorine, how many grams of HCl are
formed on the product side?
H2 + Cl2
2HCl