Protists
LIFE
Prokaryote
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukaryote
Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia
I) Characteristics
A) mostly single-celled organisms
1) microscopic
2) eukaryotes
a) nucleus, organelles
3)asexual and sexual reproduction
4)great variation in form and life style
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II) 3 types
A) animal-like protists (aka protozoans)
1) heterotrophs
a) eat prokaryotes, protozoans, organic wastes
2) some parasitic
a) energy from host
3) examples
a) Amoeba (Cercozoan)
i) special characteristics: pseudopods
-locomotion and ingestion
ii) live in salt water, fresh water, mud,
intestines
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b) paramecium (Ciliates)
i) special characteristics: cilia
- locomotion and ingestion
ii) live in fresh water
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c) Flagellates
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i) special characteristic: Flagella
- for locomotion
ex. Trypanosoma (African Sleeping sickness)
Trichonympha (mutualism/ termites)
d) Sporozoa
i) special characteristic: No locomotion
ii) parasitic
Ex. Plasmodium (malaria)
B) Fungus-like protists
1) heterotrophs (absorb nutrients)
2) examples
a) slime molds
i) found in damp soil, logs
ii) crawls as mass of cells
b) mildew and water molds
i) most are decomposers, some
parasitic
C) Plant-like protists (aka phytoplankton, algae)
1) autotrophs (photosynthesis)
a) different pigments/ different colours
i) ex. chlorophyll = green
2) examples
a) diatoms
i) special characteristic:
cell wall made of silica
ii) salt water
b) dinoflagellates
i) special characteristics:
- 2 flagella
- armoured shell
ii) may produce algal bloom
- red tide
iii) may be bioluminescent
iv) may live in coral
-mutualism, coral bleaching
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bioluminescence
c) Euglenoids
i) special characteristic:both plant-like and an animal-like
-- plant-like : undergoes photosynthesis
-- animal-like: moves (flagella) & eats
- Eyespot ... positive phototropism
ii) fresh water
d) Multicellular Algae
i) Largest of the protists
ii) Plant-like (no cell differentiation)
- evolution of green plants
- holdfast (no roots)
iii) Red, brown, green
ex. kelp, spirogyra, fucus, ulva)
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