SOL 4e Notes
Efforts to solve immigration problems
 Settlement houses, such as Hull House founded by Jane Addams
helped immigrants with daycare, education and job training
 Political machines that gained power by attending to the needs of new immigrants (e.g.,
jobs, housing)
Challenges faced by cities
 Political bosses (political machines)
African American response to “Jim Crow” laws
 Booker T. Washington- Believed equality could be achieved through vocational
education; accepted social separation
 W.E.B. DuBois- Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans
Negative effects of industrialization
 Child labor
 Low pay, long hours
 Poor/unsafe working conditions
**The Jungle by Upton Sinclair raised awareness of conditions in the meatpacking industry
Rise of organized labor
 Formation of unions- Growth of American Federation of Labor (AFL)
 Samuel Gompers founded the (AFL)
Progressive Movement workplace reforms
 Improved working conditions
 Reduced work hours
 Place Restrictions on child labor
Lewis Hine was a photographer
and sociologist who took photos to
raise awareness on the conditions
of factories and child labor
Women’s suffrage
 Increased educational opportunities
 Attained voting rights
o Women gained the right to vote with passage of the 19th Amendment to the
Constitution of the United States of America
o Susan B. Anthony & Elizabeth Cady Stanton worked for women’s suffrage
Temperance Movement
 Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol
 Supported the 18th Amendment prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transport of
alcoholic beverages
 Prohibition in the U.S. is the time during 1920-1933 where alcohol was illegal
 Carry Nation was a leader of the Prohibitionists
 The 21st Amendment repealed (canceled) the 18th Amendment and ended Prohibition