Unit II Packeet
First AND Last Name ________________________________________________
DUE BEGINNING OF HOUR ON UNIT TEST DAY
(#1-5 of Ch6 & TERMS #14-16 due Sept 10!)
Chapter 3:
1. How were mercantilism & salutary neglect causes of the American Revolution?
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Chapter 4:
1. What began the French & Indian War? ____________________________________________________
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2. What were results of the French & Indian War for each? (territory lost/gained, attitude change, etc)
(a) French ________________________________
(b) British _______________________________
(c) Americans _____________________________
(d) Indians ______________________________
Chapter 5:
1. What problems did Britain have as a result of the French & Indian War? _________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
How did this change their attitude toward the American colonies? _____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. Sugar Act was the first tax to _______________________________________________________
How were the Sugar Act & the Stamp Act similar? __________________________________________
3. (a) What is internal taxation? ____________________________________________________________
(b) What is external taxation? ____________________________________________________________
(c) Which did the colonists like better? ____________________ (d) What was their argument for this?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(e) How is this related to the American Revolution? ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. What was each & what was the American reaction to each AND WHY?
Declaratory Act - ________________________________________________________________________
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Quebec Act - __________________________________________________________________________
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5. For each item on the left, put the letter of the effect on the right which was a result of it:
_ Stamp Act
A. Boston Massacre
_ Townshend Acts
B. First Continental Congress formed
_ Boston Tea Party
C. “No taxation without representation”
_ Intolerable Acts
D. Intolerable Acts
6. What actions were taken by the Sons of Liberty & how effective were they? ______________________
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7. What actions were taken by the Daughters of Liberty & how effective were they? __________________
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8. Summarize each of the following battles in the American Revolution & their importance:
(a) Lexington & Concord - ________________________________________________________________
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(b) Bunker Hill _________________________________________________________________________
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9. Who was chosen to command the Continental Army AND WHY? ______________________________
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10. How did the Declaration of Independence use John Locke’s “social contract” theory? ______________
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11. Provide the cause for each effect or the effect for each cause:
Cause: _____________________________________________________________________________
Effect: Americans cried “No taxation without representation.”
Cause: Stamp Act Congress adopted non-importation agreements.
Effect: ______________________________________________________________________________
Cause: _______________________________________________________________________________
Effect: 60 colonists rioted against 10 British soldiers who fired into the mob, killing or wounding 11.
Cause: British repealed the Townshend Acts but kept the tax on tea.
Effect: _______________________________________________________________________________
Cause: British East India Company was given a monopoly on sale of tea in American colonies.
Effect: ______________________________________________________________________________
Cause: ______________________________________________________________________________
Effect: First Continental Congress met in 1774
Cause: British sent troops to arrest Sam Adams & John Hancock & seize colonial gunpowder supply.
Effect: ___________________________________________________________________________
Cause: John Dickinson sends Olive Branch Petition (loyalty to king & ask for repeal of legis) to George III
Effect: ___________________________________________________________________________
Cause: ___________________________________________________________________________
Effect: George III issues the Proclamation for Suppressing Rebellion & Sedition
Cause: Lord Dunmore issues freedom offer to slaves who support Loyalist cause.
Effect: ___________________________________________________________________________
Cause: __________________________________________________________________________
Effect: Declaration of Independence is written & adopted.
12. What date or event do you think was the “point of no return” in Colonial-British relations from 17601775 and WHY? (Note that these dates mean you can’t use the Declaration)
Point of No Return: ____________________________________________________________________
because ______________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 6:
1. What were the strengths of each side in the American Revolution? (REQUIRES YOU TO SYNTHESIZE
& ANALYZE info from Ch 5 AND pp 169-188; several answers are possible depending on EXPLANATION)
NEITHER
BR AM
EXPLANATION
TOPIC
ECONOMY
LEADERSHIP (both
political AND military)
ORGANIZATION
FIGHTING SKILLS
SIZE OF MILITARY
WHAT THEY HAD TO
DO IN ORDER TO WIN
SUPPORT/OPPOSITION
FOR WAR
2. Battle of Saratoga (a) What was the original British plan for this? _____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) What mistakes did the British make which led to their loss? ___________________________________
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(c) What were 3 major results/impacts of the Battle of Saratoga?
_______________________________________
_________________________________
___________________________________________
3. Describe other significant battles & campaigns: (a) Valley Forge _______________________________
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(b) Baron von Steuben ____________________________________________________________________
(b) Invasion of Canada (Ch5)_______________________________________________________________
(c) the Carolinas (southern strategy) _________________________________________________________
(d) Yorktown ___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. For each, explain their role in the Revolutionary Conflict, why they did this, and an example of how it
was important. (Requires analysis of BOTH Ch 5 & 6 – you will have to APPLY KNOWLEDGE)
WHO
ROLE PLAYED
WHY
EX of IMPORTANCE
French
Loyalists
Blacks
Indians
Hessians
Canada
5. What were the specific terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1783? Am. Gains: (a) _____________________
(b) land: ________________________________________________________________
(c) British forts:
____________________________________________________________________ (d) Fishing rights:
_______________________________________ (e) Mississippi: __________________________________
Americans agreed to: (a) _______________________________________________________________ and
(b) ___________________________________________________________________________________
Why were Am gains important? ___________________________________________________________
6. What were 2 weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation?
____________________________________
___________________________________
7. What event made Americans realize that a stronger central government was needed AND WHY?
_______________________________________________________________________________________
8. Explain the 4 compromises involved in writing the US Constitution:
(a) Great Compromise: ___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) 3/5 Compromise: _____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) Commerce & Slave Trade Compromise: _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) Electoral College: ____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. Explain one way in the US Constitution that
Executive checks Legislative _____________________________________________________________
Judicial checks Legislative _______________________________________________________________
Legislative checks Executive _____________________________________________________________
Executive checks Judicial ________________________________________________________________
10. How is SEPARATION OF POWERS different from CHECKS & BALANCES? _______________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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11. What does “Federalist #10” say? (be specific) _____________________________________________
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12. What had to be added to get Massachusetts/Virginia to ratify the Constitution? ___________________
13. Compare & Contrast the Articles of Confederation & the Constitution of 1789.
TOPIC
Who was in charge
Court System
Representation
Enforcement Power
Currency & Inflation
Control over trade
Ability to Tax
Foreign Policy
Passing Laws
Amendment process
Biggest success
Who had the most
power?
ARTICLES
CONSTITUTION
Unit II Terms Practice:
1. MERCANTILISM
(a) Who used mercantilism? ____________________________________________________________
(b) Explain how mercantilism worked:
(1) gold/silver ________________________________________
(2) balance of trade ______________________________________________________________________
(3) purpose of colonies ___________________________________________________________________
(c) How were the Navigation Acts an example of mercantilism? _________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What were ways that mercantilism BENEFITTED the American colonies? ______________________
(e) What were ways that mercantilism HARMED the American colonies? __________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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(f) SIGNIFICANCE? ____________________________________________________________________
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2. ALBANY CONGRESS
(a) Who called the Congress & who was invited? _____________________________________________
(b) What was the goal? _________________________________________________________________
(c) What was the Albany Plan of Union & who presented it? ___________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) How did the British government react to the plan? _____________________ How did the other
colonies react to the plan? _________________________________________________________________
(e) What was the significance of the Congress? _______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. FRENCH & INDIAN WAR
(a) How & where did it begin? _____________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Who was on each side? _____________ & _______________ v _______________ & ______________
(c) What role did the colonists play in the war and why? ________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What was the war called in Europe? _________________________________________
(e) Who won & why? ____________________________________________________________________
(f) How did territory change hands as a result of the war? ________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(g) SIGNIF: How & why did this change the relationship between England & its American colonies? ____
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. PROCLAMATION OF 1763 (a) Who issued the proclamation? _____________________________
(b) What specific event caused it to be issued? ________________________________________________
(c) DESCRIBE what happened in this event: _________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What did the proclamation say and WHY? ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) SIGNIF? – Did the American colonists follow it? Why/why not? How did it change our view of
British? ________________________________________________________________________________
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5. STAMP ACT
(a) What did it do? ___________________________________________________
(b) Why did the British think it was fair? ____________________________________________________
(c) What was the punishment for violating it? _________________________________________________
(d) Why did the American colonists say the Act was unfair? ______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) What did the British say in response? _____________________________________________________
(f) What was the Stamp Act Congress & what happened there? __________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(g) What were 2 other actions taken by the colonists to protest the Stamp Tax? ______________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(h) Which was more effective and why? _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(i) What 2 things did Parliament finally do in response in 1766? __________________________________
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(j) SIGNIFICANCE? ____________________________________________________________________
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6. VIRTUAL REPRESENTATION
(a) What type of representation were colonists used to in their local legislatures? _____________________
(b) What was their complaint against Parliament? ______________________________________________
(c) What tax did colonists make this argument against? _________________________________________
(d) What did Burke mean by his response of Colonists have virtual representation? ___________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) What problems already existed in England with representation? _______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(f) Signif? Why were colonists & Parliament unable to compromise on this issue? ____________________
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7. TOWNSHEND ACTS
(a) What items did this tax? ________________________________________________________________
(b) How was it different from the Stamp Act? _________________________________________________
(c) What were 2 reasons this tax upset the colonists? ____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What argument did John Dickinson use against the Acts? ____________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) What specific actions did colonists take against the Acts & how did they work? ___________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
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(f) How did events in England & Parliament lead to the repeal of these acts? _________________________
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(g) What tax did the British keep & why did this upset the colonists so much? ______________________
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(g) SIGNIFICANCE? ___________________________________________________________________
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8. BOSTON MASSACRE
(a) What events led up to it? ______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Who was involved?____________________________________________________________________
(c) What did the colonists say happened? ____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What did Paul Revere do? _____________________________________________________________
(e) What actually happened? ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(f) Who acted as the defense lawyer at the trial & why? _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(g) What were the results of the trial? ________________________________________________________
(h) What was the reaction of most people in Boston? ___________________________________________
(i) SIGNIFICANCE? ___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
9. BOSTON TEA PARTY (a) Why did the British pass the new Tea Act? _________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) How did this affect the price of tea? ______________________________________________________
(c) Why were the colonists so upset by the Act? _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What actions were taken by the Committees of Correspondence & Sons of Liberty? ________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) How did the colonists disguise themselves for the “tea party”? _________________________________
(f) How much damage was done? ___________________________________________________________
(g) SIGNIF? What actions did the British take to punish Massachusetts? ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
10. COMMITTEES OF CORRESPONDENCE
(a) Who started these? _________________________
(b)What were his background, beliefs, practices?_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c)What was the main purpose of these committees & why did they do this? _________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) How effective were they & why? ________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) SIGNIF? ___________________________________________________________________________
11. INTOLERABLE (COERCIVE) ACTS
(a) What actions of Americans led up to this? _________________________________________________
(b) Who issued them? _______________________
(c) What were the major parts of these acts?
1._____________________________________________________________________________________
2._____________________________________________________________________________________
3._____________________________________________________________________________________
4._____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) SIGNIF? (What American group met because of this?) ______________________________________
12. FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS:
(a) What British action caused the Americans to call this into session? ____________________________
(b) Where did it meet & who came? _________________ _____________________________________
(c) How did it work & who played major roles in it? __________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What were its major successes? _________________________________________________________
(e) What were its failures? ________________________________________________________________
(f) SIGNIF? ____________________________________________________________________________
13. THOMAS PAINE
(a) What was his background? _________________________________
(b) What did he write? ______________________________
(c) What did this pamphlet discuss?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What SPECIFIC arguments did he make? _________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) Why was it so persuasive? _________________________
________________________________
(f) Why was it so significant? _____________________________________________________________
14. DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE:
(a) Who wrote it & what was his background? _________________________
____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Why was it written? __________________________________________________________________
(c) Where did it get many of its ideas from? __________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What were its major ideas? ___________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(e) What were its major arguments? _______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(f) SIGNIF? __________________________________________________________________________
15. BENEDICT ARNOLD
(a) What battles had he been in on the Patriot side? ____________________________________________
(b) How had he suffered in those battles? ____________________________________________________
(c) What were the 3 reasons why he turned traitor? _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What did he plan to do for the British? ____________________________________________________
(e) How was his plan revealed? ____________________________________________________________
(f) How did he continue to be a problem for the Patriots? _______________________________________
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(g) SIGNIF? What does it mean when you call someone a “Benedict Arnold” today? ________________
16. LOYALISTS (a) Another name for them? _____________(b) Why did they support the British?
______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) What religion and occupations were many of them? _________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) Why were there Black Loyalists in the South but not in the North? _____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) In what geographic areas were they most important? (map p 170) ______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(f) What actions did they take during the war? _________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(g) How were they treated by the Patriots (physically, economically, & politically)? ___________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(h) What was supposed to happen to them according to the Peace Treaty? ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(i) After the war, where did many go? _______________________________________________________
(j) What happened to many Black Loyalists? _________________________________________________
Significance: This showed that ___________________________________________________________
17. ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION
(a) Who had the most power under this, central government or states? ______________________________
(b) Why did the colonists set it up this way? __________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(c) There was only a _________________________ branch, no _________________ or _______________
(d) How many votes did each state get? ______ (e) How many had to agree to pass a law? ________
(f) What was needed to amend the Articles? _______________________________
(g) What powers did the Articles give to the national government? _______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(h) Why didn’t it work very well? What were the problems with it? _______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
SIGNIF? ______________________________________________________________________________
18. LAND ORDINANCE & NORTHWEST ORDINANCE
(a) What land area did it deal with? _____________________________________________________
(b) Why did the national government have this land instead of the states? _________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(c) In the Land Ordinance of 1785, the land was first divided into ___ mile square townships, then each of
those into ____ sections which were ____ mile square each. ___ of these sections was to be sold for money
to pay for ____________________ and ____ others to support the ________________________________
(d) Why didn’t this work as well as expected? ________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) What did the Northwest Ordinance say about each? --slavery: _________________________________
--future statehood & citizenship: ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) SIGNIF? ___________________________________________________________________________
19. SHAYS’ REBELLION
(a) What economic problems did farmers face in the period after the Revolution? _____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(b) In what state did Shay’s Rebellion take place? ______________________________________________
(c) What did merchants & creditors convince the state legislature to do? ____________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(d) What did mobs of farmers (led by Daniel Shays) do AND why? _______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) Why did many radical Patriots oppose the rebellion? _________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
(f) How was the rebellion finally stopped? ____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(g) SIGNIF: How did this convince many states that the government needed to be changed? ____________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
20. FEDERALISTS V ANTI-FEDERALISTS
(a) Who were the Federalists? ____________________________________________________________
(b) Why did they support the new Constitution? ______________________________________________
(c) What did they do to show their support? _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
(d) Who were the Anti-Federalists? What were some of their backgrounds? ________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(e) What were their fears about the new Constitution? ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
(f) SIGNIF: How is this connected to political parties? _________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
21. FEDERALIST PAPERS (esp Federalist #10)
(a) What were they? ____________________________________________________________________
(b) Who wrote them? _____________________
____________________
_____________________
(c) They were written mainly to convince the ______________ special convention to ratify the Constitution.
(d) What did Madison say about each in Federalist #10? republic _________________________________
interest groups/factions: __________________________________________________________________
(e) SIGNIF: How used today? ____________________________________________________________
For each CAUSE on the left, choose the correct EFFECT/RESULT on the right
CAUSE
EFFECT
____ 1. Washington surveys Ohio Valley for Virginia
A. British end salutary neglect
____ 2. British want colonial & Indian help against
the French
B. British say colonists have virtual
representation
____ 3. French & Indian War ends
C. French decide to help Americans
____ 4. British pass Sugar Act
D. Constitutional Convention meets
____ 5. British pass Stamp Act
E. Americans win Battle of Yorktown
____ 6. Franklin suggests American representation
in Parliament
F. American colonists respond by arguing
“no taxation w/o representation”
____ 7. Stamp Act Congress & Sons of Liberty actions
G. Colonists form First Continental Congress
____ 8. British pass Townshend Acts
H. Land Ordinance/ Northwest Ordinance
____ 9. Colonists stage Boston Tea Party
I. Smugglers no longer tried by juries
____ 10. British pass Intolerable Acts
J. Great Compromise is passed
____ 11. British threaten to arrest Adams & Hancock
K. William Pitt speaks against Stamp Act
____ 12. Battle of Saratoga is won
L. British impose Intolerable Acts
____ 13. The French navy stops British retreat
M. Albany Congress is held
____ 14. The new States want to avoid a strong
central government
N. Battle of Lexington & Concord
____ 15. States without western lands say they won’t
have money to contribute to new government
O. French & Indian War begins
____ 16. Shay’s Rebellion
P. New York ratifies constitution
____ 17. Large states want proportional representation
Q. Virginia ratifies constitution
____ 18. Southern states fear they won’t have as many
representatives as Northern states
R. Articles of Confederation is written
____ 19. Federalist Papers are published
S. Colonists have no hold over royal governor
____ 20. Bill of Rights is added to Constitution
T. 3/5 Compromise is passed