1916 年「黑人女性全國聯盟」接管「道格拉斯之家」動機之研究 181
The Case Study of the National Association of
Colored Women and the Douglass Home
Wen-ling Huang *
Abstract
It is the work about the National Association of Colored
Women took charge of the Douglass Home from the hand of the
Frederick Douglass Memorial and Historical Association. At the
same time, the United Daughters of the Confederacy initiated the
re-explanation the role the South playing in the Civil War and kept
the Confederate culture through the efforts of erecting the
monuments, the memorials, and the improved textbooks of history.
To face those challenges, the National Association of Colored
Women chose to honor the Douglass Home as a response. This
house fitted perfectly with the agenda for racial uplift of the
National Association of Colored Women. Moreover, from the
standpoint of collective memory, the National Association of
Colored Women used this building for other tactics. They created
Black indentify on their own terms. They used Douglass Home as
the showcase to present the black prides and achievements, to
*
Assistant Research Fellow, Institute of European and American Studies, Academia
Sinica
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東吳歷史學報
demonstrate the progress and ability of the black community, to
awaken the racial respectability and self-esteem, to urge the black
history as a part of American history, and to prove the morality and
ability of black women as the white women. To enhance the
important historical meanings of Frederick Douglass, they not only
emphasized Blacks‟ contributions to the Civil War, but also
concreted Blacks‟ consciousness to highlight their differences from
the whites. When the historical memory became the duty memory,
personal memory was closely bound up to the racial memory. The
National Association of Colored Women was both preservers and
agents in all those processes.
Keywords: National Association of Colored Women, Douglass Home,
Frederick Douglass, Civil War