Table 2. Herbicide chemical property and toxicity data.
Herbicide
Avian
Acute Oral
LD50
Mammalian Honeybee
Acute Oral
Acute
LD50
Oral LD50
––mg/kg––
––mg/kg––
Clethodim
2,000a
1,630a
Clopyralid
1,465a
5,000a
c
Cycloate
2,150
3,200a
Desmedipham
2,000b
10,250a
a
Dimethanamid-p
1,908
1,570a
Ethofumesate
3,552a
6,400a
a
Glyphosate
4,640
5,600a
Metamitron
2,000a
2,463a
a
Phenmedipham
2,100
8,000a
Pyrazon
2,000a
2,200a
b
Quinmerac
2,000
5,000b
S-metolachlor
4,640a
3,877a
a
Sethoxydim
2,510
3,124a
Triflusulfuron
2,250a
5,000a
a WSSA Herbicide Handbook, 9th ed.
Aquatic
Invertebrate
48-Hour LC50
Aquatic
Vertebrate
96-Hour LC50
Koc
Field HalfLife
Solubility
–ug/bee–
––mg/L––
––mg/L––
–mL/g–
––Days––
–mg/L–
100a
100a
11b
25b
1,000a
50b
100a
97.2b
50b
*
100b
85a
10b
1,000a
20.2a
232a
24b
1.88a
16a
295a
780a
101.7a
3.2a
*
100b
25.1a
1.5c
960a
18a
104a
4.5c
0.25b
2.6a
180a
86a
143a
1.4a
32a
86.8b
3.9a
32a
730a
8,000c
6a
600a
1,500a
55a
340a
24,000a
91a
2,400a
120a
86b
200a
100a
25a
3a
40a
30a
30a
20a
98a
47a
21a
30a
21a
30b
150a
5a
4a
11.9c
1,000a
85a
7a
1,174a
110a
15,700a
1,700a
10a
400a
107,000b
488a
4,390a
1a
b
PPDB Pesticide Properties Database, University of Hertfordshire.
C
TOXNET Toxicological Data Network.
* Information could not be found, so this active ingredient was not included in the analysis
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