Name: __________________
INTRODUCTION TO
2-DIMENSIONAL ART
As we explore the seven elements of art and produce art of our own, it is important to
remember that 2-Dimensional art has a long and wonderful history. It is tempting to forget about
the past and focus only on our own art production, but looking at earlier pieces and learning
about how and why they were created is also important. In the coming weeks, we will look at
pieces of 2-Dimensional artwork from a variety of time periods and places. You will likely
recognize some of the pieces and the artists that produced them.
Some pieces will appeal to your personal sense of aesthetic, and others may not. We will
explore the pieces chronologically, or in order from oldest to most modern. Keep in mind that
much art was created before Leonardo da Vinci painted The Last Supper over 500 years ago,
and that many pieces have been produced after Edward Hopper finished Nighthawks in 1942.
We are not covering every style or time period in the history of art; this is just a small sampling.
This packet contains valuable information about the history of art and includes a list of
terminology, concepts and time periods. This material will be covered during class, but it should
be studied outside of class in preparation for Slide Quizzes, Content and Terms Quizzes and the
Final Examination. In each description there is one “KEY SENTENCE” that is bolded and
italicized. Be sure to know this information, as it will be required writing on Slide Quizzes.
1
The SEVEN ELEMENTS of art:
As we explore the 12 pieces, think about how each one of them uses the
elements of art. Some of the pieces will use many of the elements, and
others may use only one or two. Understanding how artists have used the
elements in their work is a great way to make your own work better.
Value:
(studied mostly in Introduction to 2/D Art)
Color:
(studied mostly in Introduction to 2/D Art)
Line:
(studied mostly in Introduction to 2/D Art)
Having control over lightness or darkness allows an artist to show depth and tell the viewer where the
light source is. Using shadows and highlights to create contrast is a common way that artists use value
in 2-Dimensional artwork.
Color is a part of nearly every piece of 2-Dimensional art. Artists use color to control the mood of their
work and to show emotion. Color can be altered by changing the hue, value or intensity. The four
color schemes (monochromatic, complimentary, analogous, warm vs. cool) are sometimes used.
Lines can be vertical, horizontal, diagonal, curved or zigzag. Artists control line quality by making them
calm, agitated, loose or rigid. Artists control line variety by making them thick or thin, long or short,
heavy or light depending on how they wish to depict their subject.
Shape:
(studied mostly in Introduction to 2/D Art)
Space:
(studied mostly in Introduction to 3/D Art)
Shapes are areas on the picture that are defined by boundaries (lines, colors, values, etc.). Shapes
can be geometric (regular edged, like squares, triangles or circles.) or they can be organic (irregular
edged, like puddles or leaves).
Space is the distance or area between, above, below, and within things. Artists show space or depth
on flat surfaces in many ways, including overlapping, size, focus, placement, intensity and value, and
linear perspective. 3-Dimensional art depicts actual space (both positive space and negative space),
while 2-Dimensional art creates the illusion of space on a flat surface. Space can be shallow or deep.
Texture: (studied mostly in Introduction to 3/D Art)
Texture is how something feels, or looks as though it might feel, if it were touched. Texture can be
actual (real texture built up on a piece of art) or implied (a piece of art made to look like it is textured).
Form:
(studied mostly in Introduction to 3/D Art)
Form is the use of three-dimensional objects. Like shapes, forms can be organic or geometric. Forms
can be used to create actual space, not just the illusion of space.
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12 PIECES OF 2-DIMENSIONAL ART
THAT EVERYONE SHOULD KNOW …
(Listed chronologically)
TITLE
ARTIST
YEAR
1.
The Last Supper
Leonardo da Vinci
1498
2.
The Creation of Man
Michelangelo
1512
MEDIUM
TIME PERIOD
(1)
Tempera paint
Renaissance
(1)
Fresco
Renaissance
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------3.
The Third of May, 1808
Francisco Goya
1814
(1)
Oil paint
Romanticism
4.
Impression, Sunrise
Claude Monet
1873
(2)
Oil paint
Impressionism
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------5.
Afternoon at La Grande Jatte
Georges Seurat
1884
(2)
Oil paint
Post-Impressionism
6.
Starry Night
Vincent van Gogh
1889
(2)
Oil paint
Expressionism
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7.
The Scream
Edvard Munch
1893
(2)
Tempera paint
Expressionism
8.
American Gothic
Grant Wood
1930
(1)
Oil paint
Regionalism
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------9.
Persistence of Memory
Salvador Dalí
1931
(2)
Oil paint
Surrealism
10.
Aspects of Negro Life
Aaron Douglas
1934
(2)
Oil paint
Harlem Renaissance
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------11.
Guernica
Pablo Picasso
1937
(2)
Oil paint
Cubism
12.
Nighthawks
Edward Hopper
1942
(1)
Oil paint
Realism
===========================================================================================
The three basic types of art are representational, non-representational, and abstract. Most art falls into one of these
categories. Representational is when an artist attempts to capture exact reality in their work. Abstract is when an artist
shows recognizable subjects but distorts their appearance. Non-representational is when an artist makes no attempt to
portray real subjects in their work. Each of the 12 pieces is labeled according to the guide below:
(1) Representational
(2) Abstract
(3) Non-Representational
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SLIDE SET 1
1.
TITLE
ARTIST
YEAR
MEDIUM
The Last Supper
Piece is 15’ 2” tall X 28’ 10” wide
Leonardo da Vinci
1498
(1)
Tempera Paint
Artist lived 67 years (1452-1519, age 46 at completion of piece)
TIME PERIOD
Renaissance
This mural is done in the dining hall at the Milan
Cathedral in Italy. The subject of this piece is Jesus
Christ with his twelve apostles, gathered at a table for
Christ’s last meal. This shows the moment after Jesus
told the apostles that He knows that one of them will
betray Him (John 13:21). This announcement causes
quite a disturbance within the group. The man who will
betray him, Judas, is the fourth figure from the left.
Judas is wearing blue, holding a small bag, and has
his elbow on the table. He is the lone person with his
face in a shadow, and the only apostle not caught up
in the fervor of the moment. The painting is done in 1-point perspective; with the vanish point located at Jesus’
head. The balanced composition is symmetrical. The door in the background serves as a halo around His head. Due to
a failed experiment with a new medium, the original work is nearly destroyed. This mural has been restored many times
since the Renaissance and does not look as vivid as it once did. Look for groups of three.
LEFT TO RIGHT:
Bartholomew, James (son of Alphaeus), Andrew, Judas Iscariot, Peter,
John, Jesus, Thomas, James the Greater, Philip, Matthew, Jude Thaddeus, Simon
2.
Creation of Man
Piece is entire interior of chapel
Michelangelo
1512
(1)
Fresco
Renaissance
Artist lived 89 years (1475-1564, age 33 at completion of piece)
Creation of Man is a small part of a gigantic fresco on
the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in The Vatican,
Rome, Italy. Pope Julius II had to ask Michelangelo
twice if he would do the project, and he reluctantly
accepted the job. Michelangelo said that he was a
sculptor, not a painter, and never seemed to want to
do the ceiling. A fresco is similar to a painting, but
different in that the artist uses wet plaster to paint
on, not a dry wall. This way, the paint actually dries
WITHIN the surface of the wall, not ON it. Creation of
Man shows the body of a man (Adam) in the instant
before he receives his soul from God, a moment taken from the Book of Genesis. God has a group of angels with him
and a woman that may be Eve. This portion contains only a few out of over 300 figures painted across the ceiling.
Michelangelo used all parts of the color wheel to create this colorful fresco, using primary colors, secondary colors and
intermediate colors. Michelangelo spent four years standing on a scaffold and looking straight up to do the job. It is said
that he could not bend his neck correctly for the rest of his life. This painting has been used many times in modern
culture, including the movie E.T. A 13-year long restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes was completed in 1994.
4
SLIDE SET 2
TITLE
3.
ARTIST
Third of May, 1808
Piece is 8’ 9” tall X 13’ 4” wide
YEAR
MEDIUM
TIME PERIOD
Francisco Goya
1814
(1)
Oil Paint
Romanticism
Artist lived 82 years (1746-1828, age 69 at completion of piece)
Goya was a Spaniard who spent much of his life in
Madrid, Spain’s capital city. During this time, Spain
was occupied by French troops led by Napoleon. On
May 2, 1808, hundreds of Spanish citizens tried to
remove the French from their country. The French
invaders retaliated the next morning, executing the
Spaniards who had demanded independence. This
painting shows the moment before a man is shot. The
scene takes place at night; the only light source is the
lamp. The French firing squad is portrayed as evil,
since the light is shining away from their hidden faces.
The artist makes a clear focal point here by
employing implied line and making the gun barrels
point toward the focal point. The soldiers are
looking at the man who is about to die, which makes
the viewer want to look at him, too. This Romanticism
painting protests the French occupancy of Spain.
4.
Impression, Sunrise
Piece is 1’ 7” tall X 2’ wide
Claude Monet
1873
(2)
Oil paint
Impressionism
Artist lived 86 years (1840-1926, age 32 at completion of piece)
Impressionism began around 1865. Before then, most artists
painted realistic pictures. Patrons paid artist who could paint
detailed scenes, but when the camera became common, there
was far less demand to hire artists. This image of the port of
Le Havre, France, is very loose. Monet was one of the first
artists to make paintings that did not capture exact reality.
The content of Monet’s work, or its message, was that painting
should capture the feeling of nature, or a quick “impression” of
what he observed. His paintings are concerned with light and
reflections, as well as how lighting affects mood. Monet’s work
used many tints and shades of the same colors, especially
blue and green. His work was scorned at first, and then widely
accepted. His sense of aesthetics was different that most
artists, and after he was accepted, he was viewed as avant
garde. Monet made several series, including the Rouen
Cathedral and water lilies. He had a great influence on later
artists, including Georges Seurat. Monet was one of the first artists to paint en plein air (outside), which he could do
because of the invention of tube paint in 1841. Monet lived his last years at Giverny and died almost entirely blind.
5
SLIDE SET 3
5.
TITLE
ARTIST
YEAR
MEDIUM
TIME PERIOD
Afternoon at La Grande Jatte
Piece is 6’ 10” tall X 10’ 1” wide
Georges Seurat
1884
(2)
Oil Paint
Post-Impressionism
Artist lived 32 years (1859-1891, age 27 at completion of piece)
La Grande Jatte (Fr: “The Big Platter”) is a small island in the
Seine River in Paris. In the 1880s it was a public park; a
popular place for wealthy Parisians to spend leisure time.
Seurat worked in Post-Impressionism, which means that his
work is similar to the Impressionists, but it was done very
meticulously. Seurat would use graphite to make practice
drawings prior to making the painting. This painting uses a
technique called Pointillism, using carefully placed dots
of color to make a picture. La Grande Jatte is composed of
countless dots of paint. Seurat creates deep space by putting
objects in the foreground that are life-sized, smaller objects in
the middle ground, then the smallest in the background.
Seurat is an expert at using scale to show depth. Think about
the 6 ways artists show depth. Seurat uses a bit of one-point
perspective by making the top of the water the horizon line. Seurat was an extremely hard worker; he died young
because he did not take time to relax. Today, La Grande Jatte is a public garden and housing development. This piece,
which took two years to complete, is now in the permanent collection at the Art Institute of Chicago.
6.
Starry Night
Piece is 2’ 4” tall X 3’ wide
Vincent van Gogh
1889
(2)
Oil Paint
Expressionism
Artist lived 37 years (1853-1890, age 36 at completion of piece)
Vincent van Gogh lived a short and turbulent life. Vincent was
poor and depended on his brother, Theo, for financial and
emotional support. Vincent wanted to be a pastor like his
father when he was a teenager, he did missionary work, and
he was an art teacher when he was 23. Vincent moved often
and wrote hundreds of letters to Theo. Vincent suffered from
severe psychosis and committed himself to a mental
institution. He painted Starry Night from the window of this
asylum at St. Rémy, France. You can see the town of St.
Rémy and a large cypress tree. He suffered from epilepsy, and
perhaps schizophrenia or bi-polar disorder. In his art, Vincent
yearned to show his feelings and emotions, not necessarily
reality. He worked tenaciously and rarely spoke during his last
months, which were sad and lonely. During the last 70 days of
his life, he produced 70 paintings. His paintings sell for millions
now, but he sold only one painting during his lifetime. He committed suicide 13 months after painting Starry Night. This
painting uses warm colors and cool colors, with the stars and moon advancing above the cool sky. It’s easy to see line
quality; the lines have an energetic character. This is in the permanent collection at the Museum of Modern Art in NYC.
6
SLIDE SET 4
7.
TITLE
ARTIST
YEAR
MEDIUM
TIME PERIOD
The Scream
Piece is 3’ tall X 2’ 5” wide
Edvard Munch
1893
(2)
Tempera paint
Expressionism
Artist lived 81 years (1863-1944, age 30 at completion of piece)
Munch was born in Norway and endured many challenges in life. His work
reflects these tragic events, which include the death of his mother when he was
five, his sister when he was 14, and his father a few years later. Edvard
suffered a nervous breakdown in 1908 due to heavy drinking and depression.
Many of his paintings were lost in a fire while he was recovering. He also
battled chronic influenza and bronchitis. Edvard was shot in the left hand
during an argument, causing him to loose two fingers. On his 70th birthday, he
opened a champagne bottle and glass flew into his right eye, causing near
blindness! Munch worked in Expressionism, which means that his work dealt
with the expression of emotions. The agonized figure in this piece is likely a
self-portrait that represents a nightmare. Munch had a nightmare where he
heard a loud scream. In this painting, he covers his ears to block the sound of
the scream. He used much line variety, with lines that were long and short,
thick and thin, straight and wavy. The wavy lines seem to carry the echo of the
scream throughout the picture plane.
“I was walking along a path with two friends—the sun was setting—suddenly the sky turned blood red—I paused, feeling exhausted, and leaned on the fence—
there was blood and tongues of fire above the blue-black fjord and the city—my friends walked on, and I stood there trembling with anxiety—and I sensed an
infinite scream passing through nature”
-Edvard Munch, January 22, 1892
8.
American Gothic
Piece is 2’ 5” tall X 2’ 1” wide
Grant Wood
1930
(1)
Oil Paint
Regionalism
Artist lived 50 years (1892-1942, age 38 at completion of piece)
Grant Wood was an American Regionalists. Regionalism artists
believed in depicting their own region in their artwork and he rejected
European abstract art. Wood was a native of Iowa, so he made his
paintings of Midwestern scenes. Most of his work had subjects such as
fields, crops, farmers, barns and other rural objects. Wood lived in
Iowa proudly for nearly his entire life. He was an art teacher for many
years and served in the army as a camouflage painter. American
Gothic portrays Wood’s dentist (Dr. Byron McKeeby) and Wood’s sister
(Nan) standing outside of a farmhouse. They are supposed to
represent a man and his daughter. The man seems to be defending
his land with a pitchfork. He feels threatened due to the dramatic
changes that were taking place in the Midwest. The farmhouse,
which still exists in Eldon, Iowa, has a gothic style window, hence the
painting’s title. There are also several repeated patterns, or rhythm, in
the piece. The composition is symmetrical, or balanced on both sides.
The artist used cropping in the figures, making them seem very close
to the viewer. Grant Wood made several trips to Europe, and lived
there for a while. This piece is in the permanent collection at the Art
Institute of Chicago.
“I realized that all the really good ideas I’d ever had came to me while I was milking a cow, so I went back to Iowa”.
7
-Grant Wood
SLIDE SET 5
9.
TITLE
ARTIST
YEAR
MEDIUM
TIME PERIOD
Persistence of Memory
Piece is 9½” tall X 1’ 1” wide
Salvador Dalí
1931
(2)
Oil Paint
Surrealism
Artist lived 85 years (1904-1989, age 27 at completion of piece)
Dalí was a Spanish Surrealist. Surrealism artists depict
dreams in their art and present the viewer with improbable
or impossible situations. Their work dealt with psychology
and unconscious awareness and is often difficult to explain.
They viewed their work as “free from aesthetic or moral
purpose”; a distortion of time and space. Dalí was the most
famous Surrealist. This piece shows everyday objects in
unexpected ways, especially the “melting” timepieces. This
tiny painting uses a combination of geometric shapes (box)
and organic shapes (soft watches) in great detail, along with
several gradations. The distant mountains are real, they are in
Catalonia, Dalí’s home. Dalí was viewed as arrogant by his
peers and clients. He was an aggressive self-promoter, and
was expelled from the Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid for misbehavior at age 19. This is a part of the permanent collection at the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) in New York City.
“I do not take drugs…I am drugs”
10.
Aspects of Negro Life
Piece is 5’ tall X 11’ 7” wide
-Salvador Dalí
Aaron Douglas
1934
(2)
Oil Paint
Harlem Renaissance
Artist lived 81 years (1898-1979, age 36 at completion of piece)
Aaron Douglas was born in Topeka, Kansas.
He moved to NYC in 1925 and became
involved in the Harlem Renaissance (HR).
The HR was a flowering of art, music and
culture based in Manhattan’s Harlem district,
which had the nation’s largest concentration
of African Americans. The leader of the HR
was Alain Locke (1886-1954), a philosophy
professor who said that black artists should
be inspired by the traditional arts of Africa, not
Europe. Locke wanted to make African Americans more aware of their place in history. Aaron Douglas followed Locke’s
ideas while creating a series of four murals entitled Aspects of Negro Life. The artist uses silhouettes in profile and
limited the color palette with a few subtle hues that vary from light to dark. At the right, Southern black people celebrate
the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 by clapping, dancing and playing music. On the left, Union soldiers heroically
march as the Civil War ends and fearsome Ku Klux Klan figures invade from the left. At the center, a tall man urges
blacks, some still picking cotton, to pursue their freedom. The central figure points towards the U.S. Capitol and holds a
ballot, encouraging his fellow citizens to vote. Douglas uses several circles and wavy lines that suggest musical rhythm
and a sense of energy. The artist makes use of atmospheric perspective, making distant objects appear lighter.
After the HR, Aaron Douglas became a professor at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee, where he taught for 27
years. All four portions of Aspects of Negro Life were painted on the walls of the 135th Street New York Public Library.
8
SLIDE SET 6
11.
TITLE
ARTIST
YEAR
MEDIUM
TIME PERIOD
Guernica
Piece is 11’ 6” tall X 25’ 8” wide
Pablo Picasso
1937
(2)
Oil Paint
Cubism
Artist lived 92 years (1881-1973, age 56 at completion of piece)
Picasso was a Spaniard who lived and
worked in France for most of his career.
Picasso experienced enormous international
fame during his lifetime. This huge painting is
done almost entirely in neutrals, or black,
white and gray. The limited color palette and
use of heavy outlines help to create a sense
of shallow space. Guernica is a city in
northern Spain that was bombed for three
hours by German air raids on April 27, 1937
(Spanish Civil War), causing 1,600 deaths.
Picasso painted this Cubism piece to show the horror brought forth by Hitler’s bombing of innocent citizens. Guernica
has a great deal of iconography, including a mother holding her dying baby, a horse screaming in pain, a woman leaning
out of a window holding a lamp, a fallen man with a broken sword, a bull, and a great mass of suffering people. The
images are superimposed and difficult to see. Picasso did many thumbnails in preparation for this piece, perhaps using
graphite transfer to copy the sketches onto the canvas. Guernica is a protest piece that shows great emotion and
the pain of war. It caused controversy when it was displayed in the Spanish Pavilion during the 1937 World’s Fair in
Paris. Guernica was met with criticism before becoming a national treasure for Spain.
DISCUSSION:
12.
Nighthawks
Piece is 2’ 9” tall X 5’ wide
Which other piece on our list does this remind you of in terms of content?
Edward Hopper
1942
(1)
Oil Paint
Realism
Artist lived 85 years (1882-1967, age 60 at completion of piece)
Hopper was born in the state of New York and worked
in the American Realism style. He was a very private
man, and he liked to paint everyday scenes, such as
storefronts, houses and diners. His paintings often
show the loneliness and isolation of modern urban life.
Nighthawks depicts people who are lost in their own
private thoughts and do not seem to be paying much
attention to each other. They sit inside the diner on
Greenwich Avenue and mind their own business;
nobody is touching each other, laughing or smiling. It
is odd that even in the city, there is nobody out on the
street. Hopper also gives no hint as to where the
restaurant’s entrance is. The arrangement of the
figures makes this an asymmetrical painting, but it still maintains its harmony. The point of view in this painting is
unique, as it is in many of Hopper’s paintings. The “Phillies” sign above the window is a cigar advertisement. This
piece is in the permanent collection at the Art Institute of Chicago.
DISCUSSION:
9
Which person involved in this piece is truly isolated?
TERMS, TIME PERIODS and CONCEPTS for:
INTRODUCTION TO 2-DIMENSIONAL ART
You are responsible for knowing the terms, time periods and concepts.
This will be on the Content and Terminology Quizzes and the Final Exam.
TERMS:
1.
Mural:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2.
Subject:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3.
One-Point Perspective: ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4.
Vanish Point:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5.
Composition:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
6.
Symmetrical:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
7.
Medium:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
8.
Fresco:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
9.
Color Wheel:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
10.
Primary Colors:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
11.
Secondary Colors:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
12.
Intermediate Colors:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
13.
Credit Line:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
========================= END OF SLIDE SET 1 =========================
10
14.
Focal Point:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
15.
Implied Line:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
16.
Content:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
17.
Tints:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
18.
Shades:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
19.
Aesthetics:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
20.
Avant Garde:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
========================= END OF SLIDE SET 2 =========================
21.
Graphite:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
22.
Pointillism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
23.
Deep Space:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
24.
Foreground:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
25.
Middleground:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
26.
Background:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
27.
Scale:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
28.
Horizon Line:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
29.
Warm Colors:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
11
30.
Cool Colors:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
31.
Line Quality:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
========================= END OF SLIDE SET 3 =========================
32.
Line Variety:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
33.
Picture Plane:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
34.
Rhythm:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
35.
Cropping:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
========================= END OF SLIDE SET 4 =========================
36.
Geometric Shape:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
37.
Organic Shape:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
38.
Gradation:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
39.
Geometric Form:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
40.
Organic Form:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
41.
Silhouette:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
42.
Profile:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
43.
Atmospheric Perspective: ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
========================= END OF SLIDE SET 5 =========================
12
44.
Neutrals:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
45.
Shallow Space:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
46.
Iconography:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
47.
Thumbnails:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
48.
Graphite Transfer:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
49.
Asymmetrical:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
50.
Harmony:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
51.
Point of View:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
52.
Template:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
53.
Critique:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
54.
Two-Point Perspective: ____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
========================= END OF SLIDE SET 6 =========================
13
TIME PERIODS:
1.
Renaissance:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2.
Romanticism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3.
Impressionism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4.
Post-Impressionism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5.
Expressionism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
6.
Regionalism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
7.
Surrealism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
8.
Harlem Renaissance:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
9.
Cubism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
10.
Realism:
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
CONCEPTS:
1.
The seven elements of art:
Value:
____________________________________________________________________________
Color:
____________________________________________________________________________
Line:
____________________________________________________________________________
Shape:
____________________________________________________________________________
Space:
____________________________________________________________________________
Texture:
____________________________________________________________________________
Form:
____________________________________________________________________________
14
2.
3.
4.
The three major styles of art:
Representational:
____________________________________________________________________
Abstract:
____________________________________________________________________
Nonrepresentational:
____________________________________________________________________
The three properties of color:
Hue:
____________________________________________________________________________
Value:
____________________________________________________________________________
Intensity:
____________________________________________________________________________
The six ways that artists show depth:
Overlapping:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Size:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Focus:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Placement:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Intensity and Value:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Linear perspective:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
5.
The four Color Schemes:
Monochromatic:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Complimentary:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Analogous:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Warm vs. Cool:
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
15
Mona Lisa
Leonardo da Vinci
Piece is 2’ 6” tall X 1’ 9” wide
1506 (1)
Oil Paint
Renaissance
Artist lived 67 years (1452-1519, age 54 when piece was mainly finished)
Mona Lisa is arguably the world’s most famous piece of art. She has been used on posters, advertisements, movies,
billboards and many other places. She has been copied by other artists, including Salvador Dalí, Marcel Duchamp and
Andy Warhol. She is wearing a thin veil and has no eyebrows, which was the fashion of the day in Italy. It is mysterious
that she is not wearing any jewelry. The woman in the picture is most likely Madam Lisa Gherardini, was the wife of a
Florentine (person from Florence, Italy) merchant. She was 24 years old when the painting was done. Leonardo worked
on this piece off and on for several years and was known to have carried the wood panel around with him until his death.
The mysterious background was made up by Leonardo. In the background, the artist makes use of atmospheric
perspective, making distant objects appear lighter and hazier. Mona Lisa was stolen by an Italian Louvre employee
on August 21, 1911, and was not recovered until 1913 when the thief attempted to sell the painting to a museum in
Florence. The thief was upset that the painting (by an Italian artist) was being kept in a French museum. Mona Lisa was
also vandalized in 1956 by a Bolivian tourist who threw a rock at her. Mona Lisa is now owned by the French
government and is kept in a sealed, climate-controlled glass chamber.
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