Name
Motion
Date
•
_ Class
_
Name
Motion
Guided Reading and Study
Describing and Measuring Motion
(11(0-
This section explains how to recognize when an object is in motion and how to
determine how fast it is moving.
yYJ)~
Date
_ Class
_
Guided Reading and Study
Describing and Measuring Motion
(continued)
3, An object is in motion if it changes position relative"to a(n)
4, Complete the table about 51.
Use Target Reading Skills
Bejore you read the section, write what you know about motion in the top box of the
graphic organizer. As you read the section, write what you learn about motion in the
bottom box. As you fill in the top box, brainstorm and discuss everyday experiences
in which you experience motion.
SI
Question
Answer
What is its whole name?
What is its basic unit of length?
What does the prefix millimean?
5. How many centimeters are there in a meter?
_
6. How many meters are there in a kilometer?
_
Calculating Speed
7. What is the formula used to calculate the speed of an object?
8. How would you find the average speed of a cyclist throughout an entire
race?
Describing Velocity
9. Speed in a given direction is called
,
10. An approaching storm is moving at 15 km/hr, What do you need to
know to determine its velocity?
Describing Motion
1. An object is in
another object is changing.
when its distance from
2. What is a reference point?
© PearS1l!lEducoliorr, Inc., puMshing us Pearson Prenlk. Hml. Allrighh ",served.
Graphing Motion
11. The slant of a line on a graph is called its
.
12, Is the following sentence true or false? The steepness of a motion graph's
slope depends on how quickly or slowly the object is moving.
© PenfSOll Edu<,ijon, Inc., pu~ishing os Peo;"
Prenfice H,II. NI righ~ rasered,
Name
Dare
Motion
•
__ Class
Guided Reading and Study
.~
~
s
0
i""'"
1
2
-
3
4
-
5
6
i--""
......
7
8
9
Time (min)
10
-11
12
2,000
1,800
1,600
?1,400
i~:~~~
800
600
400
200
0
_ Class
_
• Review and Reinforce
13
14
Understanding Main Ideas
Use the jollowingparagraph and graph to answer questions 1 through 5. Write your
answers on a separate sheet oj paper. Remember to include units in your answers.
15
16
13. The motion graph above graphs the motion of a jogger on a run one day.
How far did the jogger run in 15 minutes?
__
.Q~
Dare
Describing and Measuring Motion
?1,400
~ 1,200
,
Name
Motion
2,000
1,800
1,600
. ~ 1,000
800
600
400
200
_
1
-
.-.
~
.-.~
2
3
...... ......
On Saturday, Ashley rode her bicycle to
visit Maria. Maria's house is directly east
of Ashley'S. The graph shows how far
Ashley was from her house after each
minute of her trip.
1. Ashley rode at a constant speed for
the first 4 minutes of her trip. What
was her constant speed?
E
1200
~
1000
2. What was her average
entire trip?
speed for the
~
3. What was her average
entire trip?
velocity
Building
4
5
6
7
8
9
Time (11)In)
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
800
:
lL'
400
V
V I
200
o
o
1
2
3
4
5
6
Time (min.)
minutes.
this time,
During
Vocabulary
reference
International
point
average
foot
System of Units
yard
meter
velocity
speed
6. Scientists around the world use the
system of measurement
based on the number
7. An object is in
_______________
,a
ten.
when its distance
from a(n)
is changing.
8. Speed in a given direction
is
9.
can be calculated
that an object travels in one unit of time.
10. The basic SI unit of length is the
© p""", Educofloo, Inc., publishing es p,,"oo Prentice Holi.MIrigh~ ,_ed.
I /
600
for the
_j_
V
From the list below, choose the term that best completes each sentence. Write your
answers on tire lines provided.
motion
14. The motion graph above also shows the motion of a jogger on a run one
day. The line is divided into segments. The middle segment is
horizontal. What does that tell you about the jogger's progress between
minute 6 and minute 8?
i
1400
4. Ashley stopped to talk with another
friend during her trip. How far was
she from her house when she
stopped?
5. Ashley's brother rode beside her for several
was he moving relative to Ashley?
--
l
1600
© POI"'" Educofloo, InL, publismng os Peo_
__
if you know the distance
.
P,em
Hwl. Allrig~ reserved.
7
8
9
10
Name
Forces
~---------•
Date
_
Class
Review and Reinforce
The Nature of Force
Understanding Main Ideas
Write the phrases listed below in the Venn diagram. Write the characteristics shared
by unbalanced and balanced forces in the area of overlap.
change an object's motion
do not change an object's motion
net force = 0
1.
push or pull
have direction
net force not = 0
Answer the following question in the space below.
2. Describe how to combine unequal forces acting in opposite directions.
Building Vocabulary
Match each term with its definition by writing the letter of the correct definition in
the right column on the line beside the term in the left column.
3. newton
a. the SI unit for force
4. force
b. sum of all forces acting on an object
5. unbalanced forces
c. push or pull
6. balanced forces
d. can change an object's motion
7. net force
e. will not change an object's motion
© Pearson Educotion, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.
_
Name
__
Forces
•
Date
__
Class
Guided Reading and Study
Friction and Gravity
_
Forces
f(J
'-1;;2 -
(f}
5'0
This section describes the effeCts offriction on surfaces that rub on each other. It also
describes how gravity acts between objects in the universe.
__ Date
Name
•
_
Class
Guided Reading and Study
Friction and Gravity
5. How is friction involved
(continued)
in sledding
and skiing?
Use Target Reading Skills
Friction and gravity are both forces that affect motion. As you read the section,
compare and contrast friction and gravity by completing the graphic organizer.
6. Why does some friction occur with seemingly
Friction
Effect on motion
smooth
surfaces?
Gravity
Opposes motion
7. Complete
the following
table about the different
kinds of friction.
Depends on
Kinds of Friction
Kind of Friction
Friction
Measured in
Occurs When ...
An object moves through
a liquid or gas
Solid surfaces slide over each other
An object rolls over a surface
Friction
Objects are not moving
1. Is the following sentence true or false? When two surfaces rub, the irregularities of one surface get caught on those of the other surface.
2. What is friction?
8. Which kind of friction requires
or sliding friction?
rolling friction
9. What kind of friction occurs when moving parts have ball bearings?
10, How does oil between
3. Friction acts in a direction
direction of motion.
4. The strength
more force to overcome,
_
parts reduce friction?
to the object's
of the force of friction depends
©PeorsonEducofion,
machine
on what two factors?
Inc., puhlishing os Peorson Prenlice Holl,AII rtghtrese rved.
©Peorson Educonon, Inc., puhlishing as Peorson Prennce Holl,MI rtghtreserve d.
__
_ Date
Name
Forces
_ Class
Guided Reading and Study
Friction and Gravity
_
Name
Forces
__ Date
Guided Reading
__ Class
_
and Study
Gravity and Motion
(continued)
18. Is the following sentence true or false? On the moon, your mass would
be less than it is on Earth, but your weight would be the same.
Gravity
11. The force that pulls objects toward each other is called
19. When is an object said to be in free fall?
12. Is the following sentence true or false? The force that makes an apple fall
to the ground is the same force that keeps Earth orbiting the sun.
20. Near the surface of Earth, what is the acceleration of an object due to the
force of gravity?
_
13. What does the universal law of gravitation state?
21. Objects falling through air experience a type of fluid friction called
22. The greatest velocity a falling object reaches is called
14. The force of attraction between two objects varies with what two
factors?
_
23. Is the following sentence true or false? The greater the surface area of an
object, the greater the air resistance.
_
24. An object that is thrown is called a(n)
_
25. Is the following sentence true or false? An object that is dropped will hit
the ground before an object that is thrown horizontally from the same
height.
_
15. What is weight?
26. On the diagram below, draw arrows that show the forces acting on the
falling acorn. Label each arrow with the name of the force.
16. How is weight different from mass?
17. Weight is usually measured in
.
-I
©
P",rson fducalion, Inc., publishing os Peorson Prentice Holi. All right reserved.
© Peorson fducafion, Inc., publishing es Pearson Pren"ce Holi. MI right reserved.