Table of Contents
Outline of the Module: Man-Animal Conflict
Background
Intended Audience(s)
Learning Objectives
Module Overview
Module Delivery Outline
Module Activities
Supporting Materials
Module Feedback
Module 1:Human-animal conflict management
Module 2: Conflicts with elephant, leopard, tiger, bear & other animals
Module 3: Structural & non structural mitigation for man-animal conflict
Module 4: Role of departments & officers in man-animal conflict management
Module 5 : Preparedness and Response Plan for Man-animal Conflict
Aim of the Course : To prepare the officers & departments for mitigating the risks due to man
animal conflicts.
Expected Outcome: Safe habitat for both animals & human beings
Reduction of risks due to man animal conflicts
Programme Schedule
Sessions/
Time
I
II
III & IV
V
VI
I & II
Topic
Registration
Introductory Activities
and Expectations
Inauguration
Disaster Management
Past Incidents of Man-animal conflicts
Disaster Management Act-2005
DM Planning and Policy
Disaster Profile of Karnataka
First aid for animal injuries
Demonstration of First Aid Techniques
Elephant, tiger, leopard conflicts with human
habitat- Case study of Bandipur National Park
1
III to IV
V
Elephant, tiger, leopard conflicts with human
habitat- Case study Nagarahole National Park
Anesthesia Management for animals
VI
Evaluation
2
Component
Description
Man-animal conflicts are common in various parts of the country. Incidents of
man-animal conflict are reported from States/Union Territories of the country.
In India, wild elephants probably kill far more people than tiger, leopard or lion.
But, surprisingly, human conflict involving leopard draws great amount of
public attention compared to other animals. Other carnivores – tigers, lions and
wolves which have been known for causing a large number of human deaths in
the past, are now mostly restricted in range and their impact is not as
widespread as that of the leopard. The Government is giving highest priority to
BACKGROUND
mitigate the problem. It supplements the financial resources available with the
States for the purpose by providing limited funds under the Centrally Sponsored
Schemes of 'Project Tiger', 'Project Elephant' and 'Integrated Development of
Wildlife Habitats'. Payment of ex-gratia to the victims of wild animals is the
responsibility of the concerned State Governments. Animals like elephant, tiger,
leopard, wild dog, monkey, wild boar, nilgai, bear, sambar, deer etc., are some
of the frequently reported animals involved in human-animal conflict.
Group A & B Officers of Forest, Animal husbandry, police, fire & emergency
Intended
service, Home guards, Agriculture, Health & family welfare.
Audience(s)
At the end of the course, participants will be able to;
 Explain the importance of disaster management
 Discuss the causes for man-animal conflict
 Evolve strategies for prevention and mitigation of man-animal
Learning
conflicts
Objectives
 Prepare DM plan
 Discuss the role of Departments in managing man-animal conflict
Module
Overview
Module
Delivery
Outline
Structure and Content
 Incidents of Man-animal conflicts.
 Disaster Management Act-2005
 DM Planning and Policy
 Anesthesia Management for animals during conflicts
 Elephant, tiger, leopard Conflicts with human habitat- Case study of
Bandipur National Park & Nagarahole National Park.
 First aid for animal bites & injuries
 Conservation of natural resources & human animal conflicts – Issues &
options
 Case studies
(Topics under Each Heading)
Awareness
Disaster Management Act 2005, Incidents of man-animal conflicts
Policy frame work
Knowledge
Action Planning for man-animal conflicts
Government schemes
Skill
3
Module
Activities/
Methodology
Supporting
Materials
Module
Feedback
Module
Developer
First aid for animal bites & injuries
Anesthesia Management for animals during conflicts
Case studies on Bandipur & Nagarahole National Parks
Exercise
Following training methods are used to make it participatory and experience
sharing
 Lecture with visual aids
 Group exercises
 Presentations and lessons
 Role play as team members
 Cases studies
 Short films
Reading materials prepared by ATI
Website of Ministry of Environment & Forest
Website of Wildlife Research Institute
Govt. of India schemes for wild life management
 Immediate reaction questionnaire
 Case studies and presentations
 IRQs
 Oral feedback by participants
ATI, Lalitha Mahal Road, Mysore
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Session-wise designing of modules
Session 1 & 2
Sessions 3 & 4
Contents
Module
Delivery
Outline
Awareness
Knowledge
Skill
Objectives
Module
Activities
Duration
Supporting
Material
Day 1
Introductory Activities, Course Objectives, Schedule, Ground rules,
Expectations
Inauguration
Session 3 : Past Incidents of Man-animal conflicts
Session 4 : Disaster Management Act-2005
DM Planning and Policy
Disaster Profile of Karnataka
Past Incidents of Man-animal conflicts : Experiences of previous events, Causal
factors, losses & damages, lessons learnt
Disaster Management Act-2005 : Salient features of 11 chapters & 79 sections
DM Planning and Policy : Local action plan, District plan, state plan, state &
national policy & institutional frame work.
Disaster Profile of Karnataka : Hazard profile, vulnerability of districts prone to
man animal conflicts.
The RP starts with an introduction to the events of man animal conflict occurred
in the state specifically the areas falling under the western ghats. The previous
events of elephant menace, leopard attacks on human beings and domestic
animals, conflict with the other wild animals such as deer, wild boar, bear,
monkey menace, snakes would be explained with photographs & data through
PPT.
In the next session, the important provisions of DM Act 2005 & the role &
responsibilities of officers, district administration & the departments would be
highlighted. The mandatory compliance by the district administration & the
DDMA will be stressed. The steps to be taken as per the DM Act would be
discussed. The procedure for preparing disaster management action plan at the
local, district & state levels would be discussed by explaining the previous plans
prepared as model examples.
Participants will be able to:
1. Describe the past events of man animal conflicts
2. Share strengths & weakness of district administration & the departments
for managing man animal conflicts
3. Explain the salient features of Disaster Management Act 2005
4. Use the templates for preparing Disaster Management Action Plan
5. Assess the existing plans for corrections
PPT with lecture, Questions & answers
Time allocation:
Objective 1
: ½ hour
Objective 2 & 3
: ¾ hour
Objective 4 & 5
: ½ hour
Question & answer
: ¼ hour
Reading material of ATI
Disaster Management Act 2005
NDMA Guidelines for DM Plan
Workbook on DDMP
5
Training Aid
Module
Feedback
Sessions 5 & 6
Content
Module
Delivery
Outline
Skills and
Knowledge
Learning
Objectives
Module
Activities
Duration
Supporting
Material
Training Aid
Module
Feedback
PPT, White Board, LCD Projector and Computer,
Question & answers, IRQ
Day-1
Session 5 : First aid for animal injuries
Session 6 : Demonstration of First Aid Techniques
First Aid Techniques
The RP makes a PPT on First Aid Techniques, for different types of injuries
caused by animal bites including snake bites. The RP may share experiences of
handling first aid cases of animal bites & highlight precautions.
In the second session, the RP demonstrates first aid techniques for different
types of injuries by using first aid kit/materials. Demonstration is followed by
an assignment of mock practice session on first aid techniques.
Participants will be able to:
1 describe first aid techniques for injuries caused by wild animals & snakes
2 Practice first aid techniques
PPT and lecture, Demonstration, Practical session, Case studies and experience
sharing
Time allocation:
Objective 1 : 1 Hour
Objective 2 : ¾ hour
Q&A
: ¼ hour
Handouts on First Aid Techniques
PPT with lecture, White board, Computers and LCD projector
Question and answer & IRQ
Day-2
Session 1 & 2
Session –1 & 2 : Conflict of Elephant, tiger, leopard and other animals
with human habitat – Case study of Bandipur
National Park
Growth of wild animal population, animal encroachment behavior, Issue of
food & water scarcity for wild animals, conservation of forest habitat,
protection of wild life, causal factors for animal conflicts with human habitat,
Contents
preparedness by the Department of forest and other departments, response
system during conflicts. Experience sharing of past events in Bandipur national
park
The RP will make a pictorial PPT on the causes for man-animal conflict. Cases
Module Delivery
of elephant herd menace to agriculture crops, human beings and other
Outline
properties will be explained with data. Specific problems of Bandipur national
park area with regard to encroachment and threats posed by different wild
animals will be taken up for discussion. The RP may highlight failures of the
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Skills and
Knowledge
departments in preventing the wild animal encroachments and threats. The
natural and man made causes that are abetting the wild animal threats and
protection will be highlighted based on experience and data. The structural and
non structural measures initiated by the department of forest in collaboration
with other departments for mitigating the risk of animal conflicts would be
described. The structural measures such as trenching, fencing, nailing, walling,
and other mitigative methods and effectiveness of these measures are
explained. The response mechanism in place at present and the gaps that could
be addressed will also be stressed. At the end a short question answer session
is conducted.
Learning
Objectives
Participants will be able to;
Module
Activities
Duration
Supporting
Material
Training Aid
Module
Feedback
1. Explain the natural and man made causes abetting man animal conflict
2. Identify the hazards and risks due to wild animal encroachments and
menace.
3. Describe the preparedness and response mechanism
4. Discuss the structural and non structural measures for preventing wild
animal threats
5. Share the experiences of past events wild animal conflicts
PPT, discussion, case studies, Questions & answers
Time allocation:
Objective 1 : ½ hour
Objective 2 : ¼ hour
Objective 3 : ¼ hour
Objective 4 : ½ hour
Objective 5 : ½ hour
Total
: 2 hours
Reading Material prepared by ATI
Handout given by the RP
Whiteboard, PPT, computer, LCD Projector
Question and answers
Case discussions & feedback
Day-2
Elephant, tiger, leopard conflicts with human habitat- Case study Nagarahole
National Park
Case studies of elephant menace
Case studies of leopard conflicts
Contents
Case studies of Tiger conflicts
Experiences of other wild animal threats
The RP will explain the case studies and experiences of Nagarahole National
Module Delivery Park area with regard to the conflicts, threats, encroachments, risks to human
beings and properties. Specifically the RP may classify the presentation into
Outline
three parts 1. Case studies of elephant menace, 2. Case studies of leopard
conflicts, 3. Case studies of Tiger conflicts. Each part will be explained with
Skills and
photos and data to illustrate the risk to human habitat, agriculture crops and
Knowledge
other property. The preventive measures taken by the department will also be
Sessions 3 & 4
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Learning
Objectives
Module
Activities
Duration
Supporting
Material
Training Aid
Module
Feedback
explained with photos and facts. The role of government departments, farmers,
tribals, NGOs will be discussed. The threats posed by other animals like
snakes, bear, dears, wildbores, etc., will also be discussed simultaneously with
photographs of previous events.
Participants will be able to:
1. Discuss the case studies of elephant menace
2. Discuss the case studies of leopard conflicts
3. Discuss the case studies of Tiger conflicts
4. Discuss conflicts of other animals
PPT, Demonstration, Individual Exercises, Case studies and Presentations by
participants
Time allocation:
Objective 1:
¾ hour
Objective 2:
½ hour
Objective 3 and 4: ½ hour
Q and A :
¼ hour
Total
2 hours
Reading material of Nagarahole National Park
White Board, PPT, LCD projector and computer
IRQ and feedback on case studies
Day-2
Session- 5
Anesthesia management for wild animals
Contents
Technique of Anesthesia for wild animals
The RP will bring the tools & equipment for demonstrating the methods of
Module Delivery exercising Anesthesia to wild animals during conflicts. It is presumed that the
officers from the department of animal husbandry after exposing themselves to
Outline
the anesthesia techniques in the class rooms would be confident of safe
techniques of anesthesia management. The RP shall explain the steps &
Skills and
precautions to be taken during the anesthesia exercise.
Knowledge
Learning
Objectives
Module
Activities
Duration
Supporting
Material
Training Aid
The participants will be able to :
1. Explain the steps in exercising anesthesia to wild animals
2. Take precautions during anesthesia management for wild animals
Demonstration, PPT, Lecture, Discussion, Question & Answer.
Time allocation: 1 hour
Reading material on Anesthesia management for wild animals
Flip chart, white board, LCD projector, computer, exercise.
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Question & Answers and IRQ
Module
Feedback
Evaluation
Internal Validation: Oral feedback and written feedback
The RP shall distribute the IRQs to all participants for filling up of formats.
After collection of all filled up forms/IRQs, a few participants may be asked to
give oral feedback on each session and the objectives whether achieved or
otherwise. Participants shall be requested to give their free and frank,
suggestions for improvement. The DG would be requested to be present during
the evaluation session.
Reference Materials








Reading material on man-animal conflict prepared by ATI
Reading materials prepared by ATI
Website of Ministry of Environment & Forest
Website of Wildlife Research Institute
Govt. of India schemes for wild life management
Disaster Management Act 2005
Handouts on anesthesia management for wild animals
NDMA guidelines for preparation of disaster action plan
Summary of the Course Module
The 2 days training module on Man–Animal Conflict has been designed keeping the needs of
Group A & B Officers of Forest, Revenue, Agriculture, Animal husbandry, Police, Health &
family welfare, PWD, Water Resource Department. The course covers basic inputs on issues
concerning conflicts of wild animals with human habitat. The main issues of preparedness,
mitigation & response to conflicting hazards of wild animals with human habitat. The role &
responsibilities of the officers of forest, health & family welfare, police, animal husbandry are
demonstrated with mock exercises & presentations. Case studies of past events of wild animal
conflict will be discussed. The course is subject to revision from time to time depending on the
changes in the guidelines & Policies of the Government if any. The course module accordingly
needs to be modified as & when the need arises for revision.
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