cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 1.Plants use CO 2 in the process of ___________________ to make ___________ and oxygen. 2.Animals use oxygen in the process of _______________ and make more CO . 2 3.The ____________ is the main regulator of CO 2 in the atmosphere because CO 2 dissolves easily in it. 4.In the past, huge deposits of carbon were stored as dead plants and animals __________. 5.Today these deposits are burned as fossil fuels, which include _____________, _______________, and ______________. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 6.More CO 2 is released in the atmosphere today than in the past because of _________ ___________________ . 7.Another natural source for CO 2 is __________________. 8.Too much CO 2 in the atmosphere may be responsible for the _______________ effect. 9. Write the equation for photosynthesis. 10. Draw a simple diagram of the Carbon Cycle using the words in the text box above. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 Carbon Cycle cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 1.Plants release 430-470 billion tons of oxygen during process of _________________. 2.Atmospheric oxygen in the form of ___________ provides protection from harmful ultraviolet rays. 3.Oxygen is found everywhere on Earth, from Earth’s _____________ (rocks) to the ______________ where it is dissolved. 4.Oxygen is vital for ________________ by animals, a process which produces CO 2.and water. 5.Oxygen is also necessary for the decomposition of ______________ into other elements necessary for life. 6.Write the equation for respiration. 7.Draw a diagram of the Oxygen Cycle using the words in the text box. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 Oxygen Cycle cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 Sulfur in a pure elemental state is most often found near active ________________. 2.Sulfur is found in all of Earth’s environments, including the air, the hydrosphere (________), the biosphere (living part), and the lithosphere (____________or ________). 3.Many sulfates, a solid form of sulfur, come from chemical weathering of _____________ that contain sulfur. 4.Another major source of sulfur is from ______________ caused by man-made activities. These are mixed with water in the air falling in __________ into water basins. 5.The gas _______ smells like rotten eggs. 6.One of the most important sulfur compounds is ______________ ________, which is used to make fertilizers, automobile batteries, iron and steel, and plastics. 7.Other uses for sulfur include ______________ (kills insects) and __________ (used to start fires). Make a diagram of where sulfur in found. Hint: See question #2 above 1. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 Phosphorus in NOT found in the free state in Nature, but is contained mostly in _______ and ______________. 2. It is an essential nutrient for life, as it makes up important chemicals such as _______. 3. In the Phosphorus Cycle, phosphorus moves between the soil and ___________, which are eaten by animals. The animals use phosphorus, and then their ___________ products help return the Sulfur for the next generation of phosphorus in the soil. 4. Some of the phosphorus in soils can be washed away into water ___________. 5. Another source of phosphorus in water comes from manmade _____________. 6. Too much phosphorus in water leads to plant ________________, strangling all other life forms in the water. 7. Why is the use of too much phosphorus-rich fertilizers bad for the environment? 1. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 1. Our atmosphere is ______ nitrogen gas. 2. Animals and plants cannot directly use all the nitrogen found in our ________________. 3. Only special bacteria can directly use nitrogen in our atmosphere and “fix” it so other organisms can benefit. These bacteria are called ____________-_________ bacteria. 4. Higher organisms use nitrogen to make their _____________. 5. Animal waste decay by the action of bacteria which create _____________and __________ products rich in nitrogen, and useful for plants to use again. 6. ______________ bacteria in the soil can break down the ammonia into the gaseous form of nitrogen, which is not available for use by plants or animals. 7. In another part of the cycle, animals eat ____________ containing nitrogen, which is again returned to the soil by animal _____________ or decaying ____________ and ___________. 8. Draw a diagram of the Nitrogen cycle using the words in the text box. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 The transfer of energy in a community can be modeled by _________ __________ and __________ _________. . 2. At each transfer along a food chain, energy is lost as ___________ due to the activities of the organisms as they search for food and mates. 3. _________ _________ are a series of food chains. 4. All food chains begin with a _______________. 5. Virtually all energy available to the biosphere comes from __________. 6. The energy that is dispersed at each link in the food chain is constantly renewed by the______. 7. From your text on page 498, label the following (using the text box): a. Mice, deer __________________ or ___________________ b. Snakes, Hawks __________________ or ___________________ c. Grass, Trees _________________________ d. Fungi/Earthworms ______________________ 8. In the space below, draw and label an energy pyramid using the words in the text box above. cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010 cyclesPktKEY October 11, 2010
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