SBI3C
NAME: _________________ DATE: __________
CHEMISTRY OF LIFE & MACROMOLECULE REVIEW
PART A. Answer the following questions.
1. Outline the 7 requirements for something to be considered living.
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2. List the three points of the cell theory.
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3. Rewrite the following entities in order from smallest to largest: molecule, organ, organism, tissue, cell,
macromolecule, atom, organelle.
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4. Outline the 5 points of the particle theory of matter.
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7. Outline 3 reasons why water is important to living things.
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5. Write the number of the correct definition for each term.
___ Matter
___ Element
___ Compound
___ Covalent Bond
___ Ionic Bond
___ Isotope
___ Organic Compound
___ Hydrophobic
___ Hydrophilic
___ Solute
___ Solvent
___ Solution
___ Acid
___ Base
1. “Water-loving.”
2. The linkage that brings two atoms together by sharing electrons.
3. Molecules containing Carbon and Hydrogen.
4. Substance that is being dissolved.
5. The substance in which a solute dissolves.
6. An atom with a different number of protons that usual.
7. “Water-hating.”
8. The linkage that brings a positive and negative ion together.
9. The physical component of matter.
10. The simplest form of a substance – containing one type of atom.
11. Examples of this are oven cleaners and bleach.
12. Examples of this are lemon juice and vinegar.
13. Made of a solute and solvent.
14. A substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more atoms.
6. Draw the Bohr and Lewis Dot diagrams of the following elements:
a) Nitrogen
b) Chlorine
7. Name the four types of macromolecules.
a.
c.
b.
d.
8. What kind of macromolecule is the following molecule? ________________________
9. Give at least two features that helped justify your answer above:
a.
b.
10. What kind of macromolecule is the following molecule? _________________________
11. Give at least two features that helped justify your answer above:
a.
b.
12. What kind of macromolecule is the following molecule? _________________________
13. Give at least two features that helped justify your answer above:
a.
b.
14. What kind of macromolecule is the following molecule? _________________________
15. Give at least two features that helped justify your answer above:
a.
b.
16. Of the four macromolecules, which three are true polymers?
a.
b.
c.
17. In the carbohydrate on the previous page, circle the correct description:
a. monosaccharide
b. disaccharide
c. trisaccharide
d. polysaccharide
18. In the nucleotide above, what kind of nucleic acid is it? DNA or RNA? ___________
19. In the lipid above, how many saturated fatty acids are there? _______
a. How many unsaturated fatty acids are there? ___________
20. In the protein above, how many monomers are in the polypeptide chain? ___________
a. What is the monomer of a protein called? ____________________________
PART B: Classify each as a carbohydrate, protein, lipid or nucleic acid.
1.
starch
10.
polysaccharide
2.
cholesterol
11.
phospholipid
3.
steroid
12.
glycerol
4.
glycogen
13.
monosaccharide
5.
nucleotide
14.
cellulose
6.
RNA
15.
amino acid
7.
polypeptide chain
16.
enzyme
8.
glucose
17.
saturated fat
9.
unsaturated fatty acid
18.
DNA
PART C: Answer the following review questions on notebook paper
1. Some people say life is fundamentally all structured the same, while others say there is great diversity
even in very small molecules. What do you think and why?
2. What properties of carbon explain carbon’s ability to form many different macromolecules?
3. Explain why proteins are considered polymers and lipids are not.
4. Compare the structures and functions of the biomolecule lipids and starches.
5. Name the two basic kinds of nucleic acid. What sugar does each contain?
6. Label the images below as a carbohydrate, lipid, protein, or nucleic acid.
Part D. Identify the specific molecule (use the above terms) from each description. Some terms may be used
more than once.
17.
provides long-term energy storage for animals
18.
instructions for building proteins
19.
provides immediate energy
20.
sex hormones
21.
provides short-term energy storage for plants
22.
animal and plant structures
23.
forms the cell membrane of all cells
24.
speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy
25.
one sugar
26.
cells convert this into ATP
Part E. Which specific molecule (saturated fat, unsaturated fat, protein, glucose, starch, cellulose) is each food
mostly made of?
36.
almond
44.
celery
37.
spinach
45.
soy beans
38.
beef jerky
46.
cranberries
39.
bacon
47.
egg white
40.
noodles
48.
table sugar
Part F. State whether each is found in animals, plants or both.
52.
saturated fat
61.
glucose
53.
protein
62.
RNA
54.
steroid
63.
polysaccharide
55.
amino acid
64.
glycogen
56.
DNA
65.
starch
57.
cellulose
66.
phospholipid
58.
monosaccharide
67.
enzyme
Part E. Which food molecule (monosaccharide, polysaccharide, lipid, protein) would you eat if…
68. …you needed a quick boost of energy?
69. …you wanted to grow strong nails?
70. …you had a race tomorrow afternoon?
71. …you were getting ready for hibernation?
73. …you were getting ready for hibernation?
74. …you wanted to get bigger muscles?
75. …your next meal will be in a week?
_______________________ ____________
Part F. Classify each as a carbohydrate, protein, lipid or nucleic acid.
1.
starch
10.
polysaccharide
2.
cholesterol
11.
phospholipid
3.
steroid
12.
glycerol
4.
glycogen
13.
monosaccharide
5.
nucleotide
14.
cellulose
6.
RNA
15.
amino acid
7.
polypeptide chain
16.
enzyme
8.
glucose
17.
saturated fat
9.
unsaturated fatty acid
18.
DNA
Part G. Identify the specific molecule (use the above terms) from each description. Some terms may be used
more than once.
17.
provides long-term energy storage for animals
18.
instructions for building proteins
19.
provides immediate energy
20.
sex hormones
21.
provides short-term energy storage for plants
22.
animal and plant structures
23.
forms the cell membrane of all cells
24.
speeds up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy
25.
one sugar
26.
cells convert this into ATP
27.
monomer of proteins
28.
provides long-term energy storage for plants
29.
genetic material
30.
steroid that makes up part of the cell membranes
31.
3-carbon “backbone” of a fat
32.
provides short-term energy storage for animals
33.
many sugars
34.
monomer of nucleic acids
35.
forms the cell wall of plant cells
Part H. Which specific molecule (saturated fat, unsaturated fat, protein, glucose, starch, cellulose) is each food
mostly made of?
36.
almond
44.
celery
37.
spinach
45.
soy beans
38.
beef jerky
46.
cranberries
39.
bacon
47.
egg white
40.
noodles
48.
table sugar
41.
orange juice
49.
popcorn
42.
cheese
50.
lobster
43.
wheat
51.
sesame oil
Part I. State whether each is found in animals, plants or both.
52.
saturated fat
61.
glucose
53.
protein
62.
RNA
54.
steroid
63.
polysaccharide
55.
amino acid
64.
glycogen
56.
DNA
65.
starch
57.
cellulose
66.
phospholipid
58.
monosaccharide
67.
enzyme
Part J. Which food molecule (monosaccharide, polysaccharide, lipid, protein) would you eat if…
68. …you needed a quick boost of energy?
69. …you wanted to grow strong nails?
70. …you haven’t eaten in days?
71. …you wanted to grow healthy hair?
72. …you had a race tomorrow afternoon?
73. …you were getting ready for hibernation?
74. …you wanted to get bigger muscles?
75. …your next meal will be in a week?