Appendix A: Historic Weather Events
February 2009
154
Historic Tornado Events1
1

April 14, 1872, 15:00, F1, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – A small tornado moved East, damaging a
lumber yard and a church in Salina.

June 6, 1876, 14:40, F1, 50 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj - The first of at least four, (and probably
seven) tornadoes in Saline County this afternoon touched down 3 miles South of Brookville,
but caused little damage.

June 6, 1876, 14:50, F1, 50 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Touched down 5 miles West of Salina, with
little forward motion or damage.

June 6, 1876, 15:00, F3, 200 yards wide, 10 miles long, 0 k, 4 inj – Moved East from 5 miles
SW of Salina. Appearing as an elephant’s trunk, the funnel moved slowly forward, with some
movement side to side, for a half hour, passing 3 miles South of Salina. About half-dozen
farms were destroyed.

June 6, 1876, 15:10, F4, 600 yards wide, 12 miles long, 3 k, 13 inj – Moved ESE from 10 miles
SW of Salina. Fourteen farms were destroyed across Fallon and Smokey Valley Townships.
The funnel “whirled cattle into the air.” One man, injured in the open trying to get to his home,
witnessed the destruction of the house and the deaths of his wife and daughter. The entire
farm was swept away. About 10 miles South of Salina, a man was killed by this tornado. He
was apparently standing in the doorway on the North side of his house, watching the
previously listed tornado pass to his North, when his house was struck by this tornado.

May 18, 1877, F3 – Moved East, on or near the Ottawa/Saline County line, destroying homes
and barns.

May 30, 1879, 15:15, F4, 600 yards wide, 42 miles long, 4 k, 30 inj – The origins of the
“Delphos Tornado” were in extreme NE Lincoln County and extreme NW Saline County. The
funnel skipped NNE, crossing the Saline River about 12 SW of Minneapolis. The damage
path (accompanied by hailstones weighing over six pounds and “as large as a man’s head”)
was continuous from about 8 miles West of Minneapolis, passing 2 miles SE of Delphos, and
ending 4 miles SW of Aurora. (Note – All deaths and injuries occurred in Ottawa County)

June 9, 1881, 17:00, F3, 200 yards wide, 25 miles long, 3 k, 0 inj – Moved SE, killing three
people in a home 4 miles South of Minneapolis. At least three farm homes were leveled along
the track, which ended at Solomon. Only the first five miles of path were reported as
continuous.

April 5, 1882, 17:50, F2, ? yards wide, 0 k, 2 inj – Moved NE from 5 miles North of Salina.
Two homes were destroyed.

June 8, 1887, 18:00, F2, 50 yards wide, 5 miles long, 0 k, 1 inj – Moved ENE from 10 miles
NW of Salina. Two homes and a half dozen other buildings were destroyed. A horse and a
number of poultry animals were killed.
“Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991”, Grazulis, Thomas P., July 1993 and NCDC, NOAA, US Department of Commerce
February 2009
155

March 31, 1892, 18:20, F3, 400 yards wide, 20 miles long +, 0 k, 17 inj – Moved North,
destroying a farm 8 miles South of Smolan. Eight of the nine homes in the town of Smolan
were destroyed, but only two people were injured. Timbers and clothing were carried for
miles. The town was well warned. About 20 homes were unroofed or damaged as the
tornado passed across the west edge of Salina. Fifteen people were injured as the funnel hit a
farming community, 6 miles NW of Salina. (Note – Shipton)

April 1, 1892, 03:00, F2, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – A barn was swept away 4 miles NE of
Salina.

May 20, 1898, F2, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Barns were destroyed and a home was unroofed
in Liberty Township near “Hallville”. Ten funnel touchdowns were reported in the County.

May 20, 1898, 15:30, F3, ? yards wide, 8 miles long, 1 k, 0 inj – Moved NE, passing 8 miles
East of Salina. A man was killed SE of Salina, and several farm houses were destroyed SE of
Mentor.

May 20, 1903, 17:45, F3, ? yards wide, 9 miles long, 2 k, 7 inj – Moved North from the
McPherson/Saline County line to 1 mile East of Assaria and East of Mentor. A boy and his
uncle were killed in one of the four homes that were destroyed on farms near Assaria. Bits of
homes were scattered for three miles.

May 8, 1905, 23:45, F4, 150 yards wide, 20 miles long, 34 k, 50 inj – Moved North from about
11 miles South of Marquette (McPherson County), passing directly through that sleeping town.
Homes of both poor and good construction were swept away, and entire families were killed.
Thirty-two homes were destroyed in town, and seven farm houses were leveled south of town.
Five people died in the Nelson farm house. (Note – All deaths and injuries were in McPherson
County)

May 13, 1905, 17:30, F2, ? yards wide, 25 miles long, 0 k, 2 inj – Hit in Harper Township, and
across the SE part of Lindsborg. Barns and two businesses were destroyed.

June 20, 1926, 19:00, F3, 100 yards wide, 30 miles long, 0 k, 1 inj – Moved East from 12 miles
WNW of Ellsworth, passing 2 miles N of Ellsworth, disappearing in western Saline County.
This funnel was watched by hundreds of people. A farm was nearly leveled, and a woman
was injured when the storm cellar was unroofed NE of Ellsworth. (Note – Injury occurred in
Ellsworth County)

June 16, 1928, 18:00, F2, 30 yards wide, 5 miles long +, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved SE from 5 miles
SW of Solomon. Four distinct funnel clouds were seen, and the system formed a complicated
pattern of paths. Several barns were leveled.

June 16, 1928, 18:00, F2, 15 yards wide, 8 miles long, 0 k, 1 inj – Moved erratically ESE from
7 miles WNW of Brookville. The funnel passed 2 miles North of Brookville, destroying two
homes. Several barns were destroyed along the path.

May 5, 1930, 23:00, F3, 100 yards wide, 50 miles long +, 0 k, 18 inj – What may have been a
family of tornadoes moved NE from 7 miles SW of Solomon to 5 miles NNE of Riley. The path
was not continuous, but very destructive in places. Eight homes were unroofed or torn apart
at the East edge of Wakefield. People were injured on farms near Industry, near Talmage,
and 3 miles West of Riley. (Note – No injuries occurred in Saline County)
February 2009
156

July 27, 1936, 17:15, F2, ? yards wide, 16 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Skipped ESE from Shipton to
New Cambria. Two barns were destroyed and a home was badly damaged.

March 10, 1938, 18:30, F2, 100 yards wide, ½ mile long, 0 k, 17 inj – Moved SE from 3 miles
SE of Salina. All buildings on a farm were badly damaged. Seventeen members of one family
were injured when their home was destroyed.

June 15, 1943, 18:00, F4, 800 yards wide, 2 miles long, 0 k, 5 inj – Moved East, damaging or
destroying every building in Kipp.

May 20, 1949, 20:00, F4, 400 yards wide, 25 miles long, 1 k, 5 inj – Moved NNE from 7 miles
SW of Gypsum to 5 miles NE of Solomon. Only a few farms were hit, and damage totaled
only $35,000. One farm house was swept away 1 mile NE of Gypsum. A few miles North of
Kipp, one person died in a car that was thrown 200 yards. There was F2 damage to homes
and businesses in Solomon.

August 31, 1951, 16:20, F1, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near Hedberg Rd and
Halstead Rd.

July 1, 1954, 15:08, F0, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near Salemsborg Rd and
Halstead Rd.

August 23, 1954, 17:45, F1, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near Humbarger Rd and
Hohneck Rd.

April 27, 1955, 17:30, F0, 33 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near Magnolia Rd and
Ohio Street.

May 29, 1957, 19:00, F0, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near Lockard Rd and
House Rd.

April 13, 1960, 17:00, F2, 150 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NE from near
Campbell Rd and Simpson Rd.

June 24, 1962, 03:00, F2, 27 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NE from near the
intersection of Old US 40 Highway and North Street.

May 24, 1965, 13:43, F0, 33 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NE from near the
intersection of Magnolia Rd and Link Rd.

June 21, 1969, 22:40, F3, 100 yards wide, 2 miles long, 0 k, 60 inj – Moved ESE in the SW
part of Salina. (touchdown near the airport west of Cloud & Centennial) The funnel hit the
airport and the SSE part of the city. There was major damage or destruction to 104 homes
and seven businesses, and 571 others suffered minor damage. At least one home was
unroofed. Caused $25 million in damage.
February 2009
157

September 25, 1973, 16:45, F3, 300 yards wide, 35 miles long, 0 k, 6 inj – Moved NNE from 2
miles North of Marquette to NE of New Cambria. Barns were destroyed on a half dozen farms
across Saline County as the tornado took an impressive multiple-vortex form. As the tornado
began the latter stages of its life cycle, it passed across the SE edge of Salina, destroying two
homes and devastating a trailer park. (Note – Completely destroyed 44 of the 47 trailer homes
in Sundowner East Mobile Home Park and injured 4 people who were still outside the shelter.
80 of the 84 people in the Mobile Home Park were in the underground shelter.) Homes were
unroofed and torn apart at New Cambria, with two injuries.

September 25, 1973, 17:20, F3, 10 yards wide, 10 miles long, 1 k, 2 inj – Related to the
previous event, this tornado moved NNE from 10 miles NE of Salina, passing directly through
Niles (Ottawa County). Eight homes were torn apart, three of which were destroyed. A
woman was killed in a café when debris from a large grain elevator was thrown into the
building. Much of the damage was done by huge steel grain bins that were hurled through
town.

May 18, 1974, 17:00, F0, 33 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown west of the intersection of
State Street Rd and K-140 Highway.

May 31, 1980, 22:30, F1, ? yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near the intersection of
Grand Avenue and Front Street in Salina.

July 9, 1982, 23:15, F1, 33 yards wide, 1 ½ miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NNE from the city of
Gypsum to just South of the intersection of Mentor Rd and Amos Rd. Caused $250,000 in
damage.

May 27, 1983, 17:36, F0, 17 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown NE of the intersection of
Shipton Rd and Jasper Rd.

May 27, 1983, 17:38, F0, 17 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown south of the intersection
of Shipton Rd and Crystal Springs Rd.

June 10, 1983, 14:00, F0, 7 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near the intersection of
Shipton Rd and Burma Rd.

August 3, 1985, 16:52, F1, 400 yards wide, 4 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved ENE from just East
of the intersection of Mariposa Rd and Whitmore Rd to near the intersection of 2200 Avenue
and Barn Rd in Dickinson County (just East of the city of Solomon).

August 3, 1985, 17:00, F0, 3 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near the intersection of
Niles Rd and Old US 40 Highway.

September 10, 1986, 18:23, F0, 23 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NNE from near
the intersection of Holmes Rd and Country Club Rd.

March 13, 1990, F0, 10 yards wide, 0 k, 0 inj – Brief touchdown near the intersection of Cloud
Street and Centennial Rd.

July 3, 1995, 19:55, F0, 50 yards wide, 2 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Move NNE from 1 mile South
of Salina.

July 3, 1995, 20:23, F0, 50 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – Move NNE from near the
intersection of Crawford Street and Cunningham Rd.
February 2009
158

May 4, 1999, 13:08, F0, 55 yards wide, 5 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NNE from near the
intersection of Falun Rd and Reese Rd to near the intersection of Crawford Street and Link
Rd.

September 7, 2001, 15:48, F1, 220 yards wide, 10 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved East from
near the intersection of Falun Rd and Halstead Rd passing just to the South of the city of
Assaria, turning NNE and ending near the intersection of Magnolia Rd and Holmes Rd. The
following were destroyed: One earthen home, one house on the South side of Assaria,
numerous outbuildings and the city of Assaria’s only water pump station. In addition one barn,
one garage and one earthen home were damaged. Caused over $250,000 in damage.

May 11, 2002, 15:52, F0, 110 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NNE from near the
intersection of Watkins Rd and Hedville Rd.

April 6, 2006, 14:53, F1, 75 yards wide, 4 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – Moved NNE from 5 miles
Northeast of New Cambria, near the intersection of Humbarger Rd and Jasper Rd to 2 miles
NE of the intersection of Ottawa Rd and Gypsum Valley Rd. Struck a homestead where it
caused $70,000 in damage to the house, garage, and sheds along with damaging outbuildings
on several other farms.

May 25, 2008,18:05, EF0, 50 yards wide, 1 mile long, 0 k, 0 inj – The tornado touched down
briefly in an open field approximately 6 miles North of New Cambria.

June 11, 2008, 19:48, EF0, 75 yards wide, 2 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – The tornado touched down
in an open field approximately 3 miles South of Brookville near the Smoky Hill ANG Range. It
tracked East onto Smoky Hill ANG Range property and lifted approximately 3 miles SE of
Brookville.

June 11, 2008, 20:40, EF3, 880 yards wide, 16 miles long, 0 k, 0 inj – The tornado (EF2, 125
yards wide) touched down near the intersection of Farrelly Rd and Halstead Rd, moved East
to I-135, turned North, paralleling the Interstate Highway to near Waterwell Rd, turned ENE,
damaging Philips Lighting Company and Crestwood Cabinet Company, continued East along
Waterwell Rd to Ohio Street, destroying one trailer home and damaging several semi trailers,
turned ENE strengthening to EF3 and widened to 440 yards wide for approximately ¾ of a
mile, narrowed to 200 yards wide continuing at EF3 strength destroying one house and barn
and causing major damage to several other homes just South of the intersection of Schilling
Rd and Holmes Rd, turned NE, weakened to EF1 strength and widened to 880 yards wide
destroying or damaging numerous outbuildings and barns for approximately 2 miles, then
narrowed to 75 yards wide and strengthened to EF 2 and continued causing damage to
homes, barns, outbuildings and power lines on a NE path until lifting just East of the
intersection of Stimmel Rd and Solomon Rd. Caused well over $2 million in damage.
(Note – The same Supercell storm produced the Chapman and Manhattan tornadoes.)
February 2009
159
The Fujita Scale
Developed in 1971 by T. Theodore Fujita of the University of Chicago
SCALE
F0
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
February 2009
WIND ESTIMATE *** (MPH)
< 73
TYPICAL DAMAGE
Light damage. Some damage to
chimneys; branches broken off trees;
shallow-rooted trees pushed over; sign
boards damaged.
73-112
Moderate damage. Peels surface off
roofs; mobile homes pushed off
foundations or overturned; moving autos
blown off roads.
113-157
Considerable damage. Roofs torn off
frame houses; mobile homes
demolished; boxcars overturned; large
trees snapped or uprooted; light-object
missiles generated; cars lifted off ground.
158-206
Severe damage. Roofs and some walls
torn off well-constructed houses; trains
overturned; most trees in forest uprooted;
heavy cars lifted off the ground and
thrown.
207-260
Devastating damage. Well-constructed
houses leveled; structures with weak
foundations blown away some distance;
cars thrown and large missiles
generated.
261-318
Incredible damage. Strong frame
houses leveled off foundations and swept
away; automobile-sized missiles fly
through the air in excess of 100 meters
(109 yds); trees debarked; incredible
phenomena will occur.
160
The Enhanced Fujita Scale
Implemented in the US on February 1, 2007
FUJITA SCALE
DERIVED EF
SCALE
OPERATIONAL EF
SCALE
EF
Number
3
Second
Gust
(mph)
EF
Number
3
Second
Gust
(mph)
45-78
0
65-85
0
65-85
73-112
79-117
1
86-109
1
86-110
2
113-157
118-161
2
110-137
2
111-135
3
158-207
162-209
3
138-167
3
136-165
4
208-260
210-261
4
168-199
4
166-200
5
261-318
262-317
5
200-234
5
Over 200
F
Number
Fastest
1/4-mile
(mph)
3
Second
Gust
(mph)
0
40-72
1
February 2009
161
February 2009
162
February 2009
163
February 2009
164
February 2009
165
February 2009
166
February 2009
167
February 2009
168
Historic Thunderstorm Winds or Wind Storm Events1
(Since January 1, 1955)
1
DATE
TIME
TYPE
05/09/1955
05/10/1956
06/26/1956
07/31/1956
09/21/1956
10/30/1956
05/29/1957
06/14/1957
05/26/1958
06/08/1958
06/08/1958
06/08/1958
06/08/1958
05/03/1959
08/05/1959
05/03/1960
08/07/1960
07/12/1962
07/12/1962
04/02/1963
06/11/1963
07/16/1963
04/01/1964
05/05/1964
06/30/1964
07/03/1964
04/05/1965
06/07/1965
06/27/1965
07/07/1966
04/13/1967
06/24/1967
07/28/1967
09/03/1967
05/06/1968
07/08/1968
09/06/1968
06/11/1969
06/14/1970
09/03/1970
02/18/1971
07/05/1971
04/30/1972
1955
2200
0030
1557
2130
0102
1902
0030
1530
1540
1540
1557
1557
2300
1930
1920
2300
1800
1800
2028
2038
2320
2300
2115
1513
1830
2250
2030
1521
0200
1825
0000
0000
0609
1000
1730
2245
0200
2013
2043
1550
0150
2035
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
SPEED
(knots)
60
40+
40+
65
60
65
70
81
40+
82
82
65
65
40+
40+
70
72
55
60
65
57
50
55
53
60
40+
50
60
57
52
55
50
60
50
70
50
50
40+
50
50
40+
50
50
DEATHS
INJURIES
DAMAGE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
National Climatic Data Center, NOAA, US Department of Commerce
February 2009
169
DATE
TIME
TYPE
09/13/1972
07/24/1973
08/07/1973
04/10/1974
04/10/1974
04/20/1974
05/18/1974
05/25/1975
06/02/1975
06/24/1975
11/29/1975
04/23/1976
06/26/1976
05/30/1977
06/01/1977
07/30/1977
06/19/1978
09/17/1978
06/21/1979
07/04/1979
08/05/1980
08/02/1981
07/09/1982
07/09/1982
11/11/1982
04/29/1984
06/21/1984
04/12/1985
06/21/1985
08/03/1985
08/06/1985
08/24/1985
03/31/1986
06/28/1987
07/12/1987
07/12/1987
07/12/1987
07/12/1987
09/15/1987
07/30/1988
03/13/1990
07/27/1990
05/29/1991
05/29/1991
05/29/1991
08/05/1991
08/22/1993
07/01/1994
07/07/1994
1748
1723
1901
2223
2310
1534
1622
2118
1950
1400
1145
2200
1909
0635
1730
1530
1855
1753
2240
1900
1825
0030
2220
2300
1430
0900
2225
1830
1635
1740
1740
0508
1929
0052
0215
0235
0250
0320
1904
1540
1145
1711
1925
1925
1951
1920
2000
2045
0735
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
February 2009
SPEED
(knots)
70
50
55
55
50
57
51
55
55
40+
50
60
53
55
40+
55
40+
51
55
61
52
40+
56
40+
40+
40+
56
40+
60
52
52
56
50
55
40+
80
85
70
51
52
60
52
52
52
60
56
40+
65
52
DEATHS
INJURIES
DAMAGE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
55,000
5,000,000
1,000
170
DATE
TIME
TYPE
07/15/1994
05/13/1995
05/16/1995
06/07/1995
06/07/1995
06/07/1995
06/07/1995
08/14/1995
10/21/1995
05/24/1996
05/24/1996
05/26/1996
06/06/1996
06/06/1996
06/06/1996
07/13/1996
08/19/1996
08/19/1996
08/19/1996
08/19/1996
06/11/1997
08/16/1997
05/11/1998
05/18/1998
05/18/1998
06/24/1998
06/24/1998
06/24/1998
06/24/1998
06/28/1998
06/28/1998
04/08/1999
04/14/1999
05/22/1999
07/30/1999
06/29/2000
07/10/2000
07/10/2000
07/10/2000
07/10/2000
07/10/2000
04/06/2001
04/11/2001
08/23/2001
08/23/2001
08/23/2001
08/23/2001
05/07/2002
05/24/2003
0747
0135
1959
2330
2330
2344
2345
1600
1225
2010
2015
1525
0600
0610
0635
1610
1852
1857
1900
1913
2251
2105
2030
2145
2245
2125
2139
2140
2150
2055
2105
0900
1200
2130
2120
2113
1910
2015
2020
2020
2030
2055
1000
1816
1915
1931
1936
2245
0411
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
February 2009
SPEED
(knots)
52
52
61
60
63
70
65
60
40+
52
52
52
61
52
61
53
52
61
54
54
52
52
56
52
55
56
53
61
52
56
61
63
61
52
52
52
52
52
61
56
53
52
65
52
52
54
52
65
61
DEATHS
INJURIES
DAMAGE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3,000
0
0
0
0
5,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15,000
0
75,000
0
0
0
0
0
200,000
33,000
125,000
50,000
0
0
0
0
5,000
50,000
0
0
750,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
171
DATE
TIME
TYPE
05/24/2003
07/31/2003
08/20/2003
05/29/2004
06/12/2004
06/12/2004
07/06/2004
07/06/2004
11/15/2005
04/23/2006
06/21/2006
06/21/2006
06/28/2006
07/10/2006
08/13/2006
08/18/2006
09/16/2006
09/16/2006
09/21/2006
02/24/2007
05/05/2007
05/23/2007
05/31/2007
06/06/2007
07/22/2007
06/05/2008
06/11/2008
06/11/2008
07/22/2008
0415
1542
1805
2345
2010
2012
0011
0022
1000
1945
2110
2110
1635
1915
1400
1445
2208
2222
0604
1930
2304
2341
2106
1345
1930
1532
2045
2132
1842
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
Wind Storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
T-storm
February 2009
SPEED
(knots)
52
52
52
53
52
52
52
63
50
60
60
60
60
50
61
52
61
53
52
41
56
61
53
50
52
52
52
52
52
DEATHS
INJURIES
DAMAGE
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,000
0
0
10,000
5,000
24,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
20,000
0
10,000
3,000
0
1,000
0
0
172
The Beaufort Wind Scale
Beaufort
Number
Wind
Speed
(Knots)
Wind
Speed
(mph)
Description
0
<1
<1
Calm
1
1-2
1-3
Light air
2
3-6
3-7
Light breeze
3
7-10
8-12
Gentle breeze
Leaves and smaller twigs in constant motion.
4
11-15
13-17
Moderate breeze
Dust and loose paper raised. Small branches
begin to move.
5
16-20
18-24
Fresh breeze
Branches of moderate size move. Small trees
begin to sway.
6
21-26
25-30
Strong breeze
7
27-33
31-38
High wind,
moderate gale,
near gale
8
34-40
39-46
Fresh gale
9
41-47
47-54
Strong gale
10
48-55
55-63
Whole gale/Storm
11
56-63
64-72
Violent storm
12
>64
>73
Hurricane force
February 2009
Conditions
Smoke rises vertically.
Wind motion visible in smoke.
Wind felt on exposed skin. Leaves rustle.
Large branches in motion. Whistling heard in
overhead wires. Umbrella use becomes
difficult. Empty plastic garbage cans tip over.
Whole trees in motion. Effort needed to walk
against the wind. Swaying of skyscrapers may
be felt, especially by people on upper floors.
Twigs broken from trees. Cars veer on road.
Larger branches break off trees, and some
small trees blow over. Damage to tents and
canopies.
Trees are broken off or uprooted, saplings
bent and deformed, poorly attached asphalt
shingles and shingles in poor condition blown
peel off roofs.
Widespread vegetation damage. More
damage to most roofing surfaces, asphalt tiles
that have curled up and/or fractured due to
age may break away completely.
Considerable and widespread damage to
vegetation, a few windows broken, structural
damage to mobile homes and poorly
constructed sheds and barns. Debris may be
hurled about.
173
Historic Snow, Ice, and Winter Storm Events1
(Since January 1, 1995)

March 1, 1995, Heavy Snow – 5-10” of snow fell across the area.

March 16, 1998, Ice Storm – Low pressure moving slowly northeast across Oklahoma and
southern Kansas, when combined with strong advection, produced widespread freezing rain
across Central and parts of South-Central Kansas. The freezing rain combined with northeast
winds of 20-30 mph to produce ½ to 1 inch of glazing across Central Kansas. Extensive
damage to trees, power lines, and power poles.

January 3, 2000, Heavy Snow – From 0700 to 1500 CST, a 40-50 mile wide swath of very
heavy, convective snow buried much of Central and a small part of South-Central Kansas with
6-13 inch snows in only 5-8 hours.

January 27, 2001, Heavy Snow – A large and very potent winter storm lifting northeast from the
4-corners region affected Kansas from the night of the 27th thru the early morning of the 28th.
The storm buried much of Central Kansas with heavy snow as accumulations ranged from 6-14
inches. Accumulations of 6-8 inches were common across Lincoln, Saline, Rice, McPherson,
and Reno counties.

February 8, 2001, Winter Storm – A winter storm crossing the southwestern U.S. lifted northeast
across the central plains, bringing a mixture of freezing rain and sleet to all of Central and SouthCentral Kansas from the morning thru the afternoon of the 8th. The freezing rain and sleet was
accompanied by north winds of 20-30 mph, resulting in ice accumulations of ¼ to ¾ inch across
the region. Sleet reached depths of 2 inches. Power outages were widespread, with many
Central Kansas locales without power from the late morning of the 8th thru the morning of the 9th.
During the afternoon of the 8th, the freezing rain changed over to snow, with wide ranging snow
accumulations resulting. By the morning of the 9th, accumulations ranged from 2-8 inches with
the greater amounts, generally 4-8 inches, burying Central Kansas. As the storm continued its
northeast trek across the central plains, the north winds increased to 30-40 mph resulting in a
blizzard across most of Central Kansas.

February 27, 2001, Winter Storm – A shallow, fast-moving arctic front swept across Central
Kansas on the morning of the 27th. Knifing under much warmer air aloft, the resulting rain fell
onto surfaces where temperatures were generally in the lower to mid 20’s. Highways quickly
froze, turning into skating rinks. The freezing rain was prolonged and occasionally mixed with
sleet. As the morning progressed, the freezing rain and sleet quickly changed to snow which
was occasionally heavy. Snow accumulations were only in the 3-6 inch range, but with a layer
of ice beneath, travel was treacherous with numerous accidents resulted.

January 29, 2002, Heavy Snow – The same winter storm that produced widespread freezing
rain and sleet across South-Central and Southeast Kansas brought heavy snow to Central and
part of South-Central Kansas. The greatest accumulations, 8-12 inches, buried that part of
Central Kansas along, and northwest of a line from Great Bend to Salina.
1
National Climatic Data Center, NOAA, US Department of Commerce
February 2009
174

December 9, 2003, Winter Storm – An intense upper-level disturbance moving East from New
Mexico, Texas and Oklahoma caused low pressure to develop resulting in a wind-driven snow
that accumulated to 5-6 inches across Central Kansas. North winds reached 30-40 mph, to
produce a blizzard that closed all East / West oriented highways, including Interstate 70 in
Russell, Ellsworth and Saline counties.

February 1, 2004, Winter Storm – Widespread moderate to heavy snow covered Lincoln,
Ellsworth, Rice, Saline, Marion and Chase counties with 6-8 inch accumulations. The snow was
preceded by periods of freezing rain that had begun Saturday night. Ice accumulations reaching
¼ inch prior to the onset of snow.

November 23, 2004, Heavy Snow – An area of wet, heavy snow, about 50 miles wide and
centered near McPherson, accumulated to depths of 4-6 inches as intense low pressure moved
from Northeast Oklahoma to Central Missouri. Some tree and power line damage resulted.

January 4, 2005, Winter Storm – On January 3rd, a strong cold front surged south across Kansas
& Oklahoma before stalling along/near the Red River during the afternoon of the 4th. A shallow
layer of moist, sub-freezing air spread south over all but Southeast Kansas, as a cold front,
oriented in a southwest to northeast manner from the Oklahoma Panhandle to near Kansas City,
teamed with an inverted trough positioned over Western Kansas to enable much warmer,
moisture-laden air to overrun the layer of sub-freezing air beneath. The result was what many
consider to be the worst ice storm since 1982 to ravage all of Central & most of South-Central
Kansas from the afternoon of the 4th thru the morning of the 5th, coating almost the entire area
with ½ to 1 inch of ice. Although freezing rain was the primary culprit, the winter storm was
magnified considerably by periods of sleet that accumulated to depths of up to 2 inches. In
Central Kansas, the situation was further worsened by periods of light snow that accumulated to
3 to 5 inch depths in Russell, Lincoln and Saline counties. Damage to trees and power lines
was major. Limbs of 6-12 inch diameter were downed at many locations blocking roads and
bringing down power lines. Widespread power outages were reported with a few areas being
without power for 1 ½ weeks.

February 8, 2005, Winter Storm – A winter storm crossing the Central Plains produced 7-10
inches of snow across primarily Russell and Lincoln counties. In Barton, McPherson and Saline
counties accumulations of 4-6 inches were common, but the situation was compounded by
significant ice accumulations resulting from the combination of sleet and freezing rain that made
travel dangerous.

December 17, 2005, Heavy Snow – A slow moving winter storm deposited 6 to 8 inches of snow
across portions of Central Kansas beginning during the evening hours of December 16th and
persisting through the late evening hours of December 17th. The greatest storm total of eight
inches was reported at Brookville in Saline County.

March 20, 2006, Winter Storm – A powerful winter storm moved across the central plains on
March 20th producing 2 to 6 inches of snow across portions of Central Kansas. In addition to the
snow, periods of freezing drizzle and freezing rain resulted in a thin layer of ice across portions
of Central Kansas.

December 31, 2006, Winter Storm – The back side of a strong low pressure system brought a
relatively quick round of moderate to heavy snow to portions of Central Kansas during the
predawn to mid-morning hours on the 31st. Snow accumulations ranged from 3 to 5 inches.
February 2009
175

January 20, 2007, Heavy Snow – On Saturday, January 20th a powerful storm system ejected
northeast from the southern Rockies across the southern and central plains. Intense lift and
ample moisture along and ahead of this system produced widespread moderate to heavy snow
across much of Central, South-Central and Southeast Kansas. Accumulations ranged from 4 to
8 inches, heaviest across Central, and portions of South-Central Kansas. Snow accumulated
6.2 inches in Salina.

April 5, 2007, Winter Storm – A backdoor cold front pushed southwestward into portions of
Central through Southeast Kansas during the morning hours of April 5th. This front eventually
stalled out and interacted with an upper level system to spawn a rather intense and narrow band
of snow. The band of snow stretched from Russell and Lincoln counties southeastward,
intensified across Saline, McPherson and Marion counties before losing steam across
Greenwood and Elk counties. The heaviest, most intense snow fell from southwest Saline
County to southeast Marion County and encompassed the northeast two-thirds of McPherson
County. This area saw 6 to 8 inches of snow and a trained spotter measured 6 inches of wet
snow in Brookville.

December 10, 2007, Ice Storm – One to two inches of ice accumulated across Saline County
during the storm. This resulted in approximately 500 downed power poles and 2000 downed
lines. Damage to the electrical infrastructure is estimated at $9.8 million. There was also
widespread damage to trees. A devastating freezing rain event unfolded across parts of
Southern and Central Kansas from December 10th through the 11th. This resulted in tens of
thousands of Central and Southern Kansas residents losing power, some for more than a week.

December 14, 2007, Heavy Snow – A strong storm system moved out of the Rockies into the
Southern plains. Moisture ahead and north of this system lead to a large swath of heavy
snowfall across Central Kansas, with areas northwest of the Kansas Turnpike receiving from 6
to 12 inches of snow. The heavy snowfall hampered clean up efforts from the ice storm that
occurred earlier in the week, hitting the same area.

February 23, 2008, Winter Storm – A wintry mix of light freezing rain, sleet and light snow
affected Central, South-Central and Southeast Kansas on February 23rd as an upper level
disturbance moved over the area. Snow accumulated from generally Central into East-Central
Kansas, with accumulations ranging from 1 to 5 inches, greatest over Central Kansas. Ice and
sleet accumulations were very light, but in concert with the snow was enough to cause some
travel headaches.
February 2009
176
Historic Flood and Flash Flood Events1
(Since 1844)

June 1844, Flood – Known by the Wyandot Indians as the “Big Water”, this flood is considered
by many to be the “maximum” flood event for the Kansas River basin. The spring of 1844 was
warm and very dry until in May, when it began to rain, and continued for six weeks, rain falling
every day. The result was that the Kaw (Kansas) River rose so high that what is now Kansas
City, Kansas and West Kansas City, Missouri, were covered in fourteen feet of water.
Combined with the runoff from the spring thaw of the above normal snowfall occurring the
previous winter in Colorado and Western Kansas, the Kansas River, near Topeka, was said to
be some ten miles wide. The river covered the valley from bluff to bluff and the only ground
appearing above the flood waters was a knoll, near the Menoken station, four miles west of the
city. Estimates of water depth from this flood show water depths in Ogden, where the Kansas
River is formed by the confluence of the Smoky Hill and Republican Rivers, some 10 feet deeper
than the flood of 1951.2

May 1903, Flood – Rainfall was above normal during the first half of May 1903 in northeast and
north-central Kansas. As a result, soils were already saturated when the heavy rains began on
May 16th and continued through the 31st. Salina reported more than 17 inches of rain during the
month of May and most of the rest of the area reported more than 10 inches of rain. The May
27, 1903 edition of the Topeka Capital reported “…200 homeless in Salina, Kans…” 3 This was
the greatest overflow of record along the Smoky Hill below Ellsworth, although the overflows of
1938 and 1941 approached it very closely at Lindsborg and Salina. It crested on May 29th and
30th at those places. Damage began in Ellsworth County and was particularly heavy from Salina
to Junction City. A number of towns were inundated and about 30 bridges damaged. Losses to
farms and farm property, bridges and livestock were estimated at $1,443,000 and, in addition,
heavy losses were sustained by commercial interests. Three lives were lost.4 Historical stream
crests occurred on Gypsum Creek near Gypsum (22.2 ft – May 29th).

June 5, 1938, Flood – Crests of this flood occurred from June 1 at Ellsworth to June 5 at Salina,
and it approached the 1903 level very closely in that stretch of the river. It extended only a short
distance below Salina. The eastern part of Salina was flooded, with much damage to houses
and sewers. Water reached the western suburbs of the city. Total damage was estimated at
$1,098,300.4 Historical stream crests occurred on the Smoky Hill River near Mentor (26.14 ft –
June 4th).

October 20, 1941, Flood – This overflow approached or slightly exceeded the level of the 1938
flood from Lindsborg to Salina and exceeded the 1945 flood below the latter point. It crested
October 20 in this stretch of the river. At Salina, where it was the second greatest overflow of
record, 700 residences were damaged and the loss was placed at $150,000. Damage along the
Smoky Hill and Saline, which latter also flooded badly at about the same time, was estimated at
$853,000. A large percent of this was to matured crops. Three lives were lost.4
1
Unless otherwise indicated material came from NCDC, NOAA, US Department of Commerce
Wyandots in Kansas Territory 1844, www.wyandot.org/1844.htm
3
The 1903 and 1993 Floods in Kansas – The Effects of Changing Times and Technology, Lanna J. Combs and Charles A.
Perry, USGS Fact Sheet 019-03, March 2003
4
Climate of Kansas, Kansas Department of Agriculture,
http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/wdl/climate/cok/indexcopy.asp?page=282-283
2
February 2009
177

July 10-13, 1951, Flood – The flood extended over about one-half of the State of Kansas. The
flood was caused by storms that originated at the convergence of warm, moist, tropical air from
the Gulf of Mexico and a frontal system that was centered in east-central Kansas. The resulting
precipitation, which for the 4 days ranged from 6 to 17.5 inches, fell during three periods about
24 hours apart starting during the evening of July 9th. Precipitation totals for May and June had
been much greater than normal, and precipitation during the first 8 days of July had been light to
moderate.1 “This day, Friday the 13th will probably be remembered as the blackest day in the
state’s history.”2 More than three-fourths of Salina was under water, with the flood still rising.
Hundreds of residents of the city proper have been evacuated from their homes by boats,
tractors, half-tracks and weapon carriers operated by the National Guard. Authorities took over
dormitories at Kansas Wesleyan University and St. John’s Military School, Salvation Army
headquarters, and the Eagles lodge hall for occupancy by flood victims. The city’s huge
Memorial Hall was “jammed” with refugees. Crest of the Smoky Hill River was not yet in sight.
In addition waters from two creeks were pouring into Salina. Two huge lakes of surface water
formed – one west and one south of Salina – and their water was moving toward the city.
Merchants sandbagged store fronts, carried stocks to higher places and had little time for retail
business. Water seeped into basements and entered some ground floors in an area of more
than 500 homes. Mud Creek (probably Dry Creek) overflowed moderately on the west side of
town virtually completing a circle of water around the city.3 Historical stream crests occurred on
the Solomon River near Niles (31.76 ft – July 14th) and on the Saline River at Tescott (30.06 ft –
July 13th).

September 25-28, 1973, Flood - Significant flooding occurred in September and October 1973.
This flood affected south-central, north-central, and east-central Kansas. The flood was a result
of abundant precipitation that continued for several weeks. During this period, as much as 11 in.
of rain fell in the Solomon, Smoky Hill, and Big Blue River Basins in the 4 days from September
25-28. Some areas reported as much as 7 in. of rain on September 26. Historical stream crests
occurred on the Mulberry Creek near Salina (27.4 ft - September 26th).

May 10, 1993, Flood – This event began on May 10th and ended on May 14th. Heavy rains
falling on already saturated ground caused major flooding along Mulberry Creek and the Saline
River in the Salina area and along the Smoky Hill River in the New Cambria area. Widespread
damage was caused by the flooding and numerous people had to be evacuated from their
homes in the northern sections of Salina as well as the New Cambria area. Many roads were
closed and wheat fields were underwater. Heavy rains persisted causing the water levels to
remain above flood stage.
1
Historic Floods of Kansas, USGS Kansas Water Science Center,
http://ks.water.usgs.gov/Kansaas/waterwatch/flood/historic.html
2
Topeka Capital Journal, http://cjonline/indepth/flood/stories/070801_disasterousdays.shtml
3
http://cjonline.com/indepth/flood/stories/070801_paralyzed.shtml
February 2009
178

June – July 1993 – The 1993 Midwest flood was one of the most significant and damaging
natural disasters ever to hit the United States. From May through September of 1993, major
and/or record flooding occurred across North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas,
Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Wisconsin and Illinois. The magnitude and severity of this flood
event was simply over-whelming, and it ranks as one of the greatest natural disasters ever to hit
the United States. During June through August 1993, rainfall totals surpassed 12 inches across
the eastern Dakotas, southern Minnesota, eastern Nebraska, Wisconsin, Kansas, Iowa,
Missouri, Illinois and Indiana. More than 24 inches of rain fell on central and northeastern
Kansas, northern and central Missouri, most of Iowa, southern Minnesota and southeastern
Nebraska, with up to 38.4 inches in east-central Iowa.1 Historical stream crests occurred on the
Smoky Hill River near New Cambria (31.72 ft – June 25th), the Mulberry Creek near Salina (tie)
(27.4 ft – June 24th), and the Saline River at Tescott (30.14 ft – July 23rd & 25th).

May 31, 1996, Flash Flood – Widespread flooding county-wide. People rescued out of cars and
water was 8-12 inches deep over roads.

November 1, 1998, Flood – Widespread heavy rains of 6-10 inches inundated South-Central
and Southeast Kansas from the evening of October 30th thru November 1st while 4-8 inches
drenched Central Kansas.

May 20, 1999, Flash Flood – Considerable street flooding.

May 31, 1999, Flash Flood – Streets flooded in Salina.

July 1, 1999, Flood – Very heavy rains induced flooding along Gypsum Creek.

June 20, 2001, Flash Flood – K-140 Highway between Reese Rd and Wyman Rd was closed for
about an hour due to flooding.

June 29, 2003, Flash Flood – Unspecified number of vehicles abandoned.

July 1, 2004, Flash Flood – The basement of one home in Assaria was flooded to a depth of 8
feet when the town received a staggering 5.25 inches of rain, including 4.5 inches in one hour.

July 10, 2006, Flood – Minor street flooding reported in Salina.

May 5, 2007, Flash Flood – A powerful but slow moving storm system that brought numerous
tornadoes to Central and Southwest Kansas (including Greensburg) also brought significant
flooding to parts of Central Kansas. Widespread flooding was reported across the county and
numerous roads in Salina were closed. An observer 3 miles west / southwest of Smolan
reported 6 inches of rain in 2 ½ hours. Moderate river flooding also occurred along the Mulberry
Creek in Salina and the Smoky Hill River in Mentor and New Cambria.
1
The Great USA Flood of 1993, Lee W. Larson, NOAA, http://www.nwrfc.noaa.gov/floods/papers/oh_2/great.htm
February 2009
179

May 6, 2007, Flood – Heavy rains over several days from intense thunderstorms caused
significant river flooding throughout the county. More storms tracked over nearly the same
places on May 5th and into May 6th which, when added to the rain from the previous night caused
significant flash flooding. The hardest hit area was Salina where the Smoky Hill River and the
Mulberry Creek combined to cause nearly $5 million in damage. There was also about $1.75
million in damage to public roads, bridges and structures. The Mulberry Creek crested at 27.22
feet late in the evening on May 7th.

May 24, 2007, Flash Flood – Numerous, slow-moving thunderstorms produced widespread 4 to
7 inch rainfall amounts across primarily the northwestern two-thirds of Saline County from the
evening hours of May 23rd to the early morning hours of May 24th. This caused widespread
county-wide flash flooding. Numerous rural and city roads were closed due to high water and
evacuations were needed in the communities of Hedville and Bavaria, due to the rapidly rising
Mulberry and Spring Creeks. In addition to large hail and high winds, very heavy rainfall
amounts occurred over a short period of time, resulting in widespread urban and rural flash
flooding across the area.

May 24, 2007, Flood - Excessive runoff produced river and stream flooding for days, inflicting
millions of dollars in damages to roads, bridges, businesses and homes. The Mulberry Creek
reached record flood stage during the late afternoon hours of the 24th, resulting in road closures
and evacuations across portions of Salina. Mandatory evacuations were needed in the
communities of Hedville and Bavaria, due to the rapidly rising Mulberry and Spring Creeks. The
rising Smoky Hill River effectively closed roads leading in and out of New Cambria. Some water
rescues were needed across the County but there were no injuries reported. Additionally, the
Salina Municipal Airport terminal building received fairly extensive flood damage. Roughly $3.5
million in public damages was suffered across the County, with likely around $3 million in private
damages. Historic stream crests occurred on the Mulberry Creek near Salina (27.81 ft - May
24th).

May 26, 2007, Flash Flood – Slow moving thunderstorms dropped 4 to 5 inches of rainfall over
just a 2-hour time period resulting in flash flooding across Saline County. Roads east of New
Cambria were flooded and street flooding was prevalent across Salina.
February 2009
180
Historic Hail Storm Events1
(Events with hail exceeding .75 inches in diameter since January 1, 1955)
1
Date
Time
Diameter (Inches)
Property Damage
09/22/1955
10/01/1959
04/21/1961
06/02/1961
08/05/1961
05/08/1962
05/19/1962
05/19/1962
05/24/1962
05/24/1962
05/31/1962
07/16/1963
04/20/1964
06/08/1964
06/30/1964
06/11/1967
04/03/1968
06/19/1970
05/21/1971
05/21/1971
05/21/1971
09/25/1973
05/13/1974
05/18/1974
05/18/1974
05/25/1975
08/17/1975
03/29/1976
06/13/1976
06/28/1976
05/16/1977
07/30/1977
08/04/1977
08/31/1977
05/31/1978
06/21/1979
08/05/1980
08/05/1980
08/31/1980
05/26/1982
06/21/1982
05/13/1983
1801
2235
2341
0705
1720
1800
1830
1920
1729
2100
1716
2345
1620
1941
1513
1710
2200
0110
1433
1600
1654
1710
1440
1640
1730
2115
1420
1400
2029
1810
1720
1545
2310
1730
1545
2345
1828
1905
1705
1500
1505
1735
0.75
2.50
1.00
1.00
1.00
3.00
2.50
0.75
0.75
1.75
1.00
2.00
0.75
1.25
2.75
0.75
3.00
1.00
1.00
2.00
1.75
2.75
1.75
1.50
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.00
2.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.00
1.75
1.75
1.75
0.75
1.75
0.75
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
NCDC, NOAA, US Department of Commerce
February 2009
181
Date
Time
Diameter (Inches)
Property Damage
05/27/1983
05/27/1983
06/10/1983
06/09/1984
07/10/1984
05/13/1985
05/13/1985
06/21/1985
08/03/1985
08/24/1985
04/25/1986
08/17/1986
08/17/1986
08/18/1986
08/18/1986
06/17/1987
06/17/1987
07/07/1987
08/17/1987
08/17/1987
09/09/1987
07/15/1988
04/27/1989
05/21/1989
05/21/1989
05/21/1989
03/11/1990
06/14/1990
06/14/1990
06/14/1990
05/13/1991
05/11/1992
05/11/1992
07/09/1992
07/15/1992
07/22/1992
07/22/1992
07/22/1992
07/29/1992
03/29/1993
06/07/1994
06/07/1994
05/16/1995
05/16/1995
05/16/1995
07/03/1995
07/03/1995
07/03/1995
07/04/1995
1703
1750
1815
0001
2157
1934
1934
1645
1750
0508
2121
1920
1935
2130
2157
1509
1511
2100
2052
2100
2000
2056
2052
0905
0920
0952
1828
1530
1740
1825
1708
1230
1245
0010
1845
1856
1911
1942
2140
2105
0430
0430
1733
1740
2038
0007
1923
1948
0015
1.75
0.75
1.00
1.75
1.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.75
0.75
1.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.75
0.75
1.00
0.75
1.75
1.75
0.75
2.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.00
1.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.75
0.75
0.75+
0.75
1.00
0.75
1.50
1.00
0.75
1.75
1.75
0.75
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
February 2009
182
Date
Time
Diameter (Inches)
Property Damage
05/07/1996
05/17/1996
05/17/1996
05/31/1996
05/31/1996
05/31/1996
06/06/1998
07/13/1996
05/07/1997
05/07/1997
05/07/1997
05/07/1997
05/07/1997
05/17/1997
05/17/1997
05/17/1997
05/17/1997
05/11/1998
06/22/1998
06/28/1998
06/28/1998
06/28/1998
06/28/1998
05/16/1999
05/30/1999
05/30/1999
05/30/1999
05/30/1999
05/30/1999
05/30/1999
05/30/1999
05/31/1999
06/09/1999
06/28/1999
08/10/1999
09/04/1999
05/26/2000
06/13/2000
06/13/2000
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/14/2001
04/20/2001
0405
1843
1848
1819
1854
1915
0600
1530
1713
1715
1741
1745
1800
1622
1624
1627
1628
2027
2115
1925
2010
2017
2105
2312
1823
1829
1845
1850
1852
1915
1928
2120
1729
1712
1900
1619
1450
1514
1550
1329
1330
1414
1439
1505
1521
1525
1616
1620
1952
1.75
1.00
1.00
1.75
1.00
2.00
1.75
0.88
0.75
1.75
1.75
2.75
0.75
1.75
1.00
1.50
1.75
1.75
0.75
0.75
1.00
1.00
2.75
0.88
1.00
0.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
0.75
1.75
1.75
1.00
0.75
1.00
0.75
0.88
0.88
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.00
0.75
0.88
1.00
0.75
1.00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
300,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
February 2009
183
Date
Time
Diameter (Inches)
Property Damage
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/20/2001
04/30/2001
04/30/2001
04/30/2001
04/30/2001
04/30/2001
04/30/2001
06/16/2001
06/16/2001
06/16/2001
06/16/2001
06/19/2001
06/19/2001
06/19/2001
06/19/2001
06/19/2001
08/23/2001
09/07/2001
09/07/2001
03/08/2002
03/08/2002
04/16/2002
04/16/2002
04/17/2002
04/17/2002
04/18/2002
05/05/2002
05/05/2002
05/06/2002
05/06/2002
06/11/2002
06/11/2002
06/11/2002
07/09/2003
07/09/2003
07/09/2003
07/09/2003
08/28/2003
03/27/2004
05/18/2004
05/29/2004
09/17/2004
2000
2014
2021
2030
2048
2050
2247
2350
1905
1906
1946
1950
1953
2000
1740
1755
1809
1856
2027
2027
2135
2257
2300
1950
1600
1945
1931
1935
2004
2025
2213
2240
2242
1926
1940
1800
1807
1750
1750
1838
1620
1640
1650
1656
1617
1649
1520
2320
0833
1.00
0.88
1.00
1.75
1.75
1.00
0.75
1.00
1.00
0.75
1.00
0.75
1.00
1.75
1.75
1.25
1.75
1.75
0.88
0.88
0.75
0.75
1.00
0.88
1.00
1.00
0.75
0.75
1.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.00
0.88
1.00
1.00
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.75
1.00
0.75
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.88
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
February 2009
184
Date
Time
Diameter (Inches)
Property Damage
09/17/2004
05/08/2005
05/08/2005
05/08/2005
05/12/2005
06/04/2005
03/30/2006
04/06/2006
04/06/2006
04/06/2006
04/23/2006
04/23/2006
05/29/2006
05/29/2006
05/29/2006
06/21/2006
08/18/2006
08/25/2006
08/25/2006
02/24/2007
02/24/2007
05/23/2007
06/11/2008
06/11/2008
06/11/2008
06/11/2008
06/11/2008
06/11/2008
0839
1556
1637
1652
1330
1512
1310
1430
1440
1445
1904
1908
2202
2305
2307
2100
1700
1852
1930
1300
1303
1117
2039
2040
2041
2043
2045
2053
0.75
0.88
1.00
0.75
0.75
1.75
0.88
0.75
0.88
1.75
1.00
1.25
1.00
1.25
1.00
0.88
1.00
1.00
0.88
1.00
1.75
1.75
2.75
3.50
1.75
2.75
1.75
1.75
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
500,000
0
600,000
0
0
February 2009
185