A bird’s eye view of
Inventions and Contributions
of Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak
1
1968
Dr. Pathak joined the Bihar Gandhi Centenary Celebration Committee and was assigned
the task to find out the solution to the problem of open defecation and an alternative
to human scavenging to restore the human rights and dignity of untouchables to bring
them in the mainstream of society.
Dr. Pathak was deeply influenced by the life, work and teachings of Mahatma Gandhi.
Like Gandhi, he was pained, anguished and tormented by the plight of the untouchables,
who even after Independence continued to remain marginalized, ostracized and forced
to manually clean human excreta from the pit latrines carrying it as a headload for
disposal.
1969
To find out the solution to manual scavenging and establish a rapport with the
scavenging untouchables, Dr. Pathak went and lived in the colony of the untouchables
in Bettiah, a small town in the district of Champaran (Bihar), coincidently the same
place from where Gandhi had started the freedom movement. The idea behind this
venture was to experience first-hand the untouchables’ miseries and humiliations as
well as learn about their social origin, their everyday life and their culture.
While living with the untouchables in Bettiah, he was condemned by his own family, his
in-laws and the larger community, especially the fellow Brahmins. Though disturbed
by these reactions, he persisted in his chosen work. One day he was going to have a cup
of tea with some local friends in the market. They saw a boy being attacked by a bull
and the people rushing to save him, but somebody from the crowd shouted that the
boy belonged to the untouchables’ colony. Suddenly the crowd dispersed, leaving the
injured boy to his fate. Dr. Pathak and his friends took the boy to the nearby hospital
where he died. Shocked and deeply moved by this
tragedy, Dr. Pathak took a vow to fulfill Gandhi’s
dream to free the untouchables from the demeaning
drudgery of cleaning human excreta manually. This
marks the beginning of a new journey for him.
1970
Mahatma Gandhi opined that as long as untouchables
clean nightsoil nobody would have food or social
relation with them. This made Dr. Pathak realize
that there was a need of a technology to replace the
bucket toilets cleaned by them. After doing extensive
research he invented the technology which would
replace the bucket toilet. This invention of Dr.
Design of the Sulabh two pit pour flush
ecological compost toilet
2
Pathak can be compared with the story of James Watt, who saw the steam coming out
from the kettle, leading to his inventing the steam engine. Similarly, Dr. Pathak gave the
concept that human excreta can be decomposed with the contact of soil and keeping
this in mind he invented, innovated and developed the ecological two-pit compost flush
toilet which was popularized by the name of Sulabh Shauchalaya or Sulabh Toilet.
In this Sulabh Shauchalaya technology there are two pits. When one pit is full, the
incoming excreta is diverted to the second pit. In about two years, the excreta in the
first pit gets digested and becomes dry and pathogen-free, thus safe for handling as
manure. Digested sludge is odourless and is a good manure and soil-conditioner. This
technological invention made a pathbreaking difference in the lives of untouchables.
With the advent of the Sulabh Shauchalaya, the village women now go to the toilets with
safety and dignity, without the fear of snake bite or unwanted social elements, and the
girls started going to schools. Had Dr. Pathak not invented this technology, there would
have been little chance of elimination of open defecation and the practice of manual
cleaning of night soil.
The measure of success of the Sulabh two-pit compost toilet is evident from the fact that
United Nations Development Programme in its Human Development Report 2003 stated,
“… pioneering work by Sulabh International, a non-governmental organization (NGO),
has shown that human waste can be disposed of affordably and in a socially acceptable
way….” More recently, the BBC Horizons has declared the Sulabh technologies as one
of five unique inventions of the world.
Hon’ble Prime Minister’s clarion call to end the practice of open defecation in India and
to provide toilets to each and every house by 2019, as a tribute to Mahatma Gandhi on
his 150th Birth Anniversary, is based on the technology invented by Dr. Pathak.
BBC Correspondent Rajini Vaidyanathan visits
New Delhi in India, to examine the two pit toilet
invented by Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak
Dr. Pathak and Ms. Rajini Vaidyanathan of the BBC
at the human excreta based Sulabh biogas plant
situated in the Sulabh Campus
3
Design of the Sulabh two pit pour
flush ecological compost toilet
Made of gunny bags
Brick wall with no door
Toilet walls made of bricks
with roof and wooden door
Sulabh pour flush toilet for least space
with the toilet on top of the pits
Made of bamboo mats
Brick wall with jute curtain
Brick toilet for those people
who can afford
to spend more money
Even in narrow lanes Sulabh
toilets can be built
Made of thatched material
Circular design without door and roof
Even the rich can get constructed Sulabh two-pit, pour flush
toilets where there is no sewerage. The pits can be cleaned
after 40 years
4
Panoramic view of different life size models of the Sulabh Two Pit
Ecological Compost Toilets on display in the Sulabh Campus
Human excreta which has turned into biofertilizer
being taken out from the pit and stored in drums
High yield of fruits and crops
5
PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE Sulabh Two Pit ECOLOGICAL Toilets at Different Places
CONSTRUCTED BY SULABH INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SERVICE ORGANISATION
Rooftop toilet, Hirmathla
Jharkhand
Badaun, Uttar Pradesh
Punjab
Bhadohi, Uttar Pradesh
6
Bihar
Implementation of Sulabh Shauchalaya (Individual household toilets) in
District Ludhiana, Punjab sponsored by Bharti Foundation
7
After the conversion of bucket toilets and construction of Sulabh Shauchalayas millions of
scavengers have been freed from the sub-human occupation and shackles of untouchability.
After liberating the scavenging untouchables Dr. Pathak ensured their livelihood and
sustenance by giving them education and vocational training in different trades, thus
enabling them to get gainful employment. They have now learnt beauty-care, tailoring,
making pickle, papad, masala, noodles, jam, etc. Dr. Pathak has also helped them to perform
rights, rituals and ceremonies of the Brahmins and other upper castes. Now the untouchable
scavengers, including those of Alwar
and Tonk in Rajasthan, have been freed
from the shackles of untouchability.
In a landmark National function
‘Untouchability No More’ held on 13
April 2015 to mark the birth anniversary
of Babasaheb Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar,
the untouchables shared a common meal
with Hon’ble Shri Rajnath Singh, Union
Minister of Home Affairs and also
exchanged food with the Brahmins and
other upper castes who partook food
from the hands of the untouchables.
Hon’ble Shri Rajnath Singh, Union Minister of Home Affairs, shared
Dr. Pathak founded Sulabh Shauchalaya meal with the erstwhile untouchable scavengers on the occasion of
the National Function ‘Untouchability No More’
Sansthan, now known as Sulabh
International Social Service Organisation,
on the principle that Government and
NGOs should work together to solve the problems of manual scavenging and defecation in
the open.
This organization has not received any grant or donation from within the country or outside.
At present this organization has been working in 25 States, 4 Union Territories, 1599 towns
and it has 50,000 volunteers to fulfill the dreams of Mahatma Gandhi.
1974
Dr. Pathak came up with the concept of maintaining public toilets on ‘pay and use’ basis. In
1876 an Act was passed by the British Government to maintain public toilets in Calcutta on
the same basis but it could not work. The public toilets in India were known as hell on the
earth. Hardly anybody used the public toilet before Dr. Pathak introduced the pay and use
system after a lapse of nearly a century after it was first advocated.
Dr. Pathak got constructed the first public toilet in Patna, Bihar, having 48 seats, 20 bathrooms,
urinals, wash basins, etc., and provided soap powder to clean hands with round the clock
maintenance. Initially there was cynicism and jokes were cracked about this new experiment.
Who will pay for the use of toilets in Patna? But the concept worked. Not less than 500 people
8
The First Sulabh Public Toilet
Complex constructed and
maintained at Gandhi Maidan,
Patna, Bihar
came to use the toilet the very first day. It became so popular and successful that it was replicated
throughout the country. Apart from other NGOs and companies, Sulabh on its own is maintaining
8000 public toilets in 25 states and 4 Union Territories in 1599 towns and cities which are used by 15
million people daily. This experiment of Dr. Pathak has crossed the regional boundaries and gone
international. In Kabul, Sulabh is maintaining five public toilets with biogas plants, which are quite
popular with the local people, and Sulabh’s inventions, innovations and experiments have been
accepted in China, Bangladesh, Vietnam and many countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Sulabh’s biggest toilet-cum-bath complex in Shirdi (Maharashtra)
9
CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE
OF SULABH PUBLIC TOILETS
IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE COUNTRY
Inside View- Ultra Modern Sulabh Toilet Complex at Deoghar, Jharkhand
Sulabh Toilet Complex (Air-Conditioned)
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
10
A view of Sulabh Toilet Complex
at Sanaganeri Gate, Jaipur, Rajasthan.
Newly construction Sulabh Toilet Complex
at Pandharpur, Maharashtra
Urninals inside Sulabh Toilet Complex, The Taj Mahal, Agra.
This was declared second best in the world. (Hindustan Times,
12th July 2006)
Child friendly Toilet known as “Bal Mitra
Shauchalaya” – Inside view, Bhopal, India
Sulabh Toilet Complex, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh
11
1977
In 1977 Dr. Pathak invented and put to use a new technology of providing energy from human
waste and also to treat the effluent water waste to be used as fertilizer or to discharge safely
in the river bodies like Ganga, Yamuna, etc. In this technology human excreta produces biogas
and it is used for burning lamp, cooking food, warming oneself in winter season. The biogas is
also converted into energy to supply as street light and the generator is run only on such biogas.
Water discharge from the biogas plant is treated very well and the BOD is less than one and can
be safely used in maintaining public toilets or can be used as a fertilizer or discharged into water
bodies.
Sulabh Biogas Plant
Sulabh Effluent Treatment Plant
12
uses of biogas
Her Royal Highness Princess Mathilde of Belgium, lighting
the mantle lamp which uses biogas from the Sulabh Toilet
Complex as the source of energy.
His Excellency Mr. Timothy J. Roemer, former Ambassador
of USA to India frying papad at the Sulabh kitchen where
the biogas from the Sulabh toilet complex is used for
cooking. It is more economical than conventional gas. His Excellency Mr. Richard Rahul Verma, US Ambassador
to India, being shown an engine which ignites on battery to
convert biogas into electricity.
His Excellency Mr. Richard Rahul Verma, US Ambassador
to India being shown a demonstration of the Sulabh
biogas being used as heating agent and warmer.
The US Ambassador being shown the human
excreta which has been converted into a
manure fertilizer in the shape of a ball.
Dr. Pathak explaining to the US Ambassador of the low cost door made from
compressed human excreta & the odour free biofertilizer produced from
human excreta which can also be used as a bouncing ball.
13
Sulabh has installed 200 biogas plants in the country and 5 biogas plants in Kabul,
Afghanistan, where the Sulabh biogas plants have been working very efficiently since their
installation in 2007. In 2007 when the temperature in Kabul went down to –300C all the
biogas plants worked very well. So this technology can work successfully even in the cold
climate like Ladakh, etc., or at the high altitudes. In Patna, the electricity produced from
the Sulabh biogas was supplied from Kotwali Police station to Sanjay Gandhi Park for about
7 years without interruption. So the gas produced can be good source of alternative energy
and it fulfills all the conditions of sustainable development.
Sulabh Toilet Complex attached with Biogas Plant at Kabul, Afghanistan
Inside View- Sulabh Public Toilet, Kabul, Afghanistan
14
1978
A National Seminar was organized in Patna by the Government of India, where the
representatives of many State Governments, WHO and UNICEF participated. The
representatives visited many homes to see the functioning of household toilets and also
saw the maintenance of public toilets in Patna. After three-day deliberation it was decided
that both the technologies and the methodologies to implement the programme and to
maintain public toilets should be extended to all parts of the country.
1980
On persuasion of Dr. Pathak, the then Ministry of Home Affairs took up the conversion of
dry latrines into two-pit pour-flush toilets to get the scavengers relieved from sub-human
occupation under the Untouchability (Offences) Act 1955 which was amended in 1976 and
renamed as The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955. In this programme during 1980-82,
five towns of Bihar—Biharsharif, Purnia, Daltaunganj, Chaibasa, Madhubani—were taken
and later this programme was extended to other states of India.
From 1980 onwards, the WHO, UNICEF, UNDP, UN-Habitat, WSSCC and many other
international and national organizations took up the programme of provision of household
toilets on the basis of technology invented by Dr. Pathak.
Mr. Harry G. Barnes, U.S. Ambassador to India, at a Sulabh Project in Patna (Bihar)
15
1983
Dr. Pathak took up the cause of training the wards of scavengers when the then Prime
Minister of India, Hon’ble Mrs. Indira Gandhi, replied in Lok Sabha that she wanted to
relieve the scavengers from the subhuman occupation and train and rehabilitate them in
other occupations. Sulabh trained 1000 boys and girls in different vocations or helped them
settle in life. The training was such that none of them remained unemployed.
Education
Beauty-care
Tailoring
Bank transaction
Making-papad
The dream of Mahatma Gandhi and Ambedkar fulfilled - on
21st December 2008, it seemed as if earth met the sky, when
after centuries, untouchables dined with the same upper caste
people who did not even allow them to enter their houses.
16
Entering a temple – a dream fulfilled on December
21, 2008 of scavengers (untouchables) whose entry
was banned for centuries due to the practice of
untouchability.
The age-old practice of untouchability and discrimination
ends with priests of the upper ‘Brahmin’ caste accepting
to offer their sweets to the deity for ‘prasad’.
Erstwhile women and girls scavengers (untouchables)
from Alwar and Tonk, Rajasthan, accompanied by Dr.
Bindeshwar Pathak entering the Church – Sacred Heart
Cathedral at New Delhi on June 29, 2011.
Erstwhile women and girls scavengers (untouchables) from
Alwar and Tonk, Rajasthan, along with Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak
at the Ajmer Sharif Dargah offering prayer at Rajasthan on
June 24, 2011.
Erstwhile women and girls scavengers (untouchables)
from Alwar and Tonk, Rajasthan, accompanied by Dr.
Bindeshwar Pathak entering the Gurudwara Bangla
Sahib at New Delhi on June 29, 2011.
Erstwhile women and girls scavengers (untouchables)
taking the sacred bath in the Holy river Ganga at the
Dashashwamedh Ghat at Varanasi.
The erstwhile women scavengers
(untouchables) walked the ramp with the
models who showcased their handiwork at
the United Nations in New York on July 2,
2008. With this their social status went up.
17
1991
Dr. Pathak was awarded Padma Bhushan by the
Government of India.
1992
Dr. Pathak was conferred St. Francis Prize Canticle of All
Creatures in Assissi, Italy. Before the award His Holiness
Pope John Paul II gave an audience to Dr. Pathak.
1992
Dr. Pathak established a quality English medium school
known as Sulabh Public School in New Delhi. In this
school 60 per cent of the children are from the weaker
sections and the families of untouchables from whom
no fees are charged. The other 40 per cent are from other
strata of society and there is absolutely no discrimination
in this school.
In 1991, Dr. Pathak was awarded Padma
Bhushan by the President of India, Mr.
R.Venkataraman, for his “distinguished social
service.”
His Holiness Pope John Paul-II gave audience
to Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak before awarding
him with International Saint Francis Prize.
Sulabh English Medium Public School
where 60% of the students are from the
Dalit community and 40% are from other
communities
Students of Sulabh Public School in the Morning Assembly
18
1994
Dr. Pathak set up Sulabh International Museum of Toilets in New Delhi, the first of its kind
in the world. The museum, through replicas of various toilets, artefacts, pictures, posters
and other materials, tells the story of the development of toilets through the ages. This
is the star attraction in the Sulabh campus and so far nearly 28 lakh people have visited
the Museum.
Inside view of Sulabh International Museum of Toilets at Sulabh Campus, New Delhi
1996
Dr. Pathak demonstrated an eco-friendly low-cost technology for waste water treatment
through duckweed. The technology, besides having low operational and maintenance
costs, gives economic return through pisciculture.
2002
Dr. Pathak invented the Sulabh Effluent Treatment technology wherein biogas plants
effluents from public toilets become odourless, colourless and pathogen-free. The treated
effluent is used for agriculture, aquaculture, cleaning public toilets and can be safely
discharged into rivers and any other water bodies.
19
2003
Dr. Pathak adopted two towns of Rajasthan, Alwar and Tonk, for restoring the human
rights and dignity of the local untouchables. Now the two towns are free from the
problem of untouchability. There is no social discrimination, as Brahmins and other
upper castes now freely mix and share food and hospitality with the ex-untouchables
who have acquired skills in various trades, and are engaged in gainful employment. They
have started a new life and are now part of the social mainstream.
2003
Dr. Pathak received Indira Gandhi Priyadarshani Award.
2009
Dr. Pathak was awarded Stockholm Water Prize by Stockholm International Water
Institute at Stockholm, Sweden. An extract of the citation reads “…The results of Dr.
Pathak’s endeavours constitute one of the most amazing examples of how one person
can impact the well being of millions.” The Prize was conferred on him by His Royal
Highness Prince Carl Phillip of Sweden.
Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak received the 2009 Stockholm Water Prize on August 20
from the Hands of H.R.H. Prince Carl Philip of Sweden.
20
2011
United Nations Economic and Social Council granted ‘General Consultative Status’ to
Sulabh International for its outstanding contribution in the field of sanitation, human
rights, removal of untouchability and improving the living conditions of millions of
people. The Council had earlier granted ‘Special Consultative Status’ to Sulabh.
2012
The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India in an order directed the National Service Legal
Authority (NALSA) to contact Sulabh to find out whether they could come forward to help
the widows living in four Government Shelters in Vrindavan. Consequently, Dr. Pathak
and his organization Sulabh has been working for the Vrindavan widows, providing them
all possible relief since 2012. Sulabh has been involved in this welfare work both in terms
of financial help and in uplifting the general conditions of the widows. It is providing a
monthly stipend of Rs 2000/- to nearly 800 widows per month plus providing medical
and ambulance facilities. It is also giving them vocational training in garland-making,
agarbatti-making, tailoring, etc., to make them self-reliant. The widows are also being
taught English, Hindi and Bengali. To bring cheer and happiness in their lives, Sulabh
has started celebrating the festivals of Holi, Durga Puja, Diwali and Christmas with
them. Sulabh also takes them from time to time on excursions to Delhi, Kolkata, Agra,
etc. A memorable moment came in the windows’ life when they met the Hon’ble Prime
Minister Shri Narendra Modi and tied Rakhi on his wrist.
2013
Vice President of the French Senate, Ms. Chantal Jourdan, decorated Dr. Bindeshwar
Pathak with the Legend of Planet honour in an exceptional private reception hosted by
the President of France in Paris.
Vice President of the French Senate
Ms. Chantal Jourdan decorated
Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak Legend of Planet honour
in an exceptional private reception hosted by
President of France.
21
PATHETIC CONDITIONS – WIDOWS OF VRINDAVAN
Widows of Vrindavan before Sulabh came in their life
today
Widows of Vrindavan, during lunch organised by
Sulabh International Social Service Organisation
at Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh
Widows of Vrindavan singing bhajans with Dr Pathak
PERIODICAL MEDICAL FACILITIES PROVIDED
Mrs. Manu Ghosh, a widow of Vrindavan flagging off
ambulances donated by Sulabh International for their
complete medical care, to the five Ashrams in Vrindavan,
Uttar Pradesh during a special event organised for them at
Mavalankar Hall, New Delhi
Health check-up of widows at Vrindavan Ashrams.
22
Learning in progress – AGE NO BAR
Making garlands of flowers
The widows of Vrindavan being taught how to read and write
English, Hindi and Bangla
Celebrations are back in life of
Breaking the
Taboo: Widows
of Vrindavan
Celebrating
The Festival of
Diwali
Celebrating Holi 2014 with colours.
Widows Celebrating Durga Puja in Kolkata.
Widows from Vrindavan tying ‘Rakhi’ to the Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi,
on the occasion of ‘Raksha Bandhan’, in New Delhi.
23
2014
The Sulabh Purified Drinking Water is the latest technological initiative from Sulabh. Impure
water from rivers, ponds, water bodies and taps is purified by this Sulabh technology; the
treated water becomes safe for human consumption. Sulabh has installed water treatment
plants at three sites in West Bengal, namely Madhusudankati (24 Parganas), Mayapur and
Murshidabad. Raw water is drawn from the river Ganga in Mayapur and Murshidabad, while
in Madhusudankati it is taken from a local pond. After its treatment at the Sulabh Water
Treatment Plant, the water from the river/pond becomes purified and absolutely safe for
drinking.
Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak drinking the
Sulabh Purified Water treated from the pond.
Sulabh Purified Water is available at
Rs. 0.50 per litre
24
Sulabh is bottling this water which is known as Sulabh Safe Drinking Water which is
available for 50 paise per litre. At the entrance of Sulabh Campus in New Delhi, such
purified water is available at the Sulabh Water ATM.
The US Ambassador using the
Sulabh Water ATM installed
at the Sulabh Campus.
Dr. Pathak
explaining to the
US Ambassador
His Excellency Mr.
Richard Rahul Verma
the operation of
Sulabh Purified Water
ATM installed at the
entrance of
Sulabh campus.
Sulabh Drinking Water ATM
at New Delhi.
25
2015
The stairs at Assi Ghat of the holy city Varanasi were covered with muck and mud, and
common visitors and pilgrims could not use the Ghat. Hon’ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra
Modi started a cleaning campaign with a spade in his hand on November 8, 2014. Then
Sulabh International moved into action and thoroughly cleaned all the 52 stairs. The clean
and replenished Ghat was opened for all on February 22, 2015. Now, Ganga Aarti takes place
there every day at 5:00 a.m. along with a unique Yoga Camp and Hawan. Colourful cultural
programmes are held in the evenings. The Ghat has became a major attraction for tourists as
well as for shooting of films. Deluxe Modern Sulabh Public Toilets have been built at this site.
Now Assi Ghat has became a beautiful and truly holy place, frequented by pilgrims, tourists
and local residents.
Dr. Pathak has participated in more than 100 national and international conferences, seminars
and presented his papers on a wide range of topics, mainly related to sanitation, social justice,
untouchabilty, etc.
The activities and accomplishments of Sulabh International have been widely appreciated by
renowned personalities, national and international leaders, global organisations, and various
agencies of the mass media.
Cleanest Assi
Ghat
Sulabh Toilet Complex
at Assi Ghat
26
MICRO AND MACRO ACHIEVEMENTS
1970
2015
a)
I was alone
Now, there are 50,000 volunteer social workers.
b)
For disposal of human
waste
I
invented
Sulabh
two-pit
ecological
compost
toilet, the Sulabh Biogas technology and
the Sulabh Effluent
Treatment Plant.
Technologies invented by me were declared Best Global
Practices twice by United Nations Commission on Human
Settlements (UNCHS) in the year 1996 and 2000 by UNHabitat and Dubai Municipality.
c)
In 1973, only
municipality.
Now, we are working in 500 districts and 1602 towns/cities.
d)
Only one State – Bihar
Now, 25 States and 4 Union Territories.
e)
Two Sulabh Shauchalaya
built in Arrah, Bihar in
1973.
Now Sulabh built 1.3 million household toilets.
f)
First
public
toilet
constructed in Patna in
1974.
Now 8,000 Sulabh public toilets in India and also in Kabul
(Afghanistan) and in Thimpu (Bhutan).
one
BBC Horizons has featured Sulabh’s technological inventions
as one of the five unique inventions of the world.
Trained personnel from 15 countries of Africa which include
Ethiopia, Mozambique, Uganda, Cameroon, Burkina Faso,
Kenya, Tanzania, Cote d’ Ivorie, Mali, Ghana, Rwanda,
Senegal and Zambia in various Sulabh technologies.
Sulabh technologies have also been adopted in China,
Vietnam, Bangladesh and African Countries.
Resources transfer in Argentina and
Paraguay.
g)
First day number of
Sulabh Public Toilet
users were 500
Now 15 million people use Sulabh Public Toilets daily.
h)
First
Biogas
plant
constructed in 1980 in
Patna
Now 200 biogas plants linked with public toilets constructed
in different parts of the country and five public toilets with
biogas plant in Kabul, Afghanistan and one in Thimphu in
Bhutan. Technologies of wastewater treatment, composting
solid waste into fertilizer and use of dried water hyacinth
in raising biogas production are now being used across the
country.
i)
Number of scavengers
liberated
More than 1,20,000 scavengers have been liberated from
scavenging and rehabilitated directly by Sulabh and rest on
the technologies by Sulabh.
j)
Towns made Scavengingfree
640 towns have been made scavenging – free till date.
27
1970
2015
k)
English Medium Public
School - none
500 children enrolled in Sulabh Public School every year,
New Delhi (60% students from scavenger community and
rest from other communities).
l)
Vocational
Centre - none
Training
About 3100 boys and girls (50% from of scavenger community
and the rest from other communities) provided training at
Sulabh Vocational Training Centre in New Delhi.
m)
Training
of
women
scavengers - none
More than 150 women, who were carrying human excreta
manually till March 2003, have been trained and rehabilitated
at Nai Disha, Sulabh Vocational Training Centre at Alwar in
Rajasthan. These women have learnt to produce and market
their goods (food products and apparel etc.) by forming selfhelp groups. Next group of nearly 350 women have been
provided training at Sulabh New Centre started in 2008 in
Tonk, Rajasthan.
n)
Foreign
Visitors
to
Sulabh Campus - none
People from more than 100 countries have visited Sulabh
Campus regularly to learn more about the Sulabh sanitation
technologies and the work being done.
o)
Capacity
building/
training being imparted:
- nil
Students and teachers from Schools, Engineering and
Medical Colleges, Nursing and Social Work Institutes etc.
Professionals from Government, Urban Local Bodies,
Pollution Control Boards and other NGOs etc. provided
training.
Training
of
foreign
professionals – none
Training programme organized in collaboration With UNHABITAT for sector professionals from 14 African countries
- Cameroon, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Uganda, Burkina
Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria,
Mozambique, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia in
2005 and 2006.
Regular summer training/internships provided to students
from France, Germany, USA, Kenya, Nepal, etc.
p)
Training of Women
Volunteers from Urban
Slums – none
Over 14,000 women from urban slums have been trained on
health, hygiene, safe drinking water, HIV/AIDS etc.
q)
Health Centre attached
to Toilet Complex – none
Two Health Centres attached to Sulabh Toilet Complexes are
providing free medical services to slum dwellers in Delhi.
r)
Duckweed Technology
for waste water treatment
– no technology
Invented waste water treatment through Duckweed. Central
Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India, issued
guideline to use this weed for Waste Water Treatment.
s)
Number of Visitors to
Sulabh Museum on
Toilets
Sulabh International Museum of Toilets at New Delhi, 27.5
million approx. people have visited.
t)
Training to unemployed
youth- none
Over 8000 youth have been trained in plumbing, electrical
and motor winding, gardening and as security guards.
28
1970
2015
u)
Food
Processing
Training Centres - none
Centres in 6 blocks in Mewat area in Gurgaon. Over 900
women have already received training in food processing.
v)
Sewing and Embroidery
Centre - none
Nearly 900 women have been trained in sewing and
embroidery.
w)
ENVIS (Environmental
Information
System
Centre) - none
Sulabh International is an ENVIS Centre of the Ministry
of Environment & Forests, Government of India for data
collection and dissemination on the topics of Hygiene,
Sanitation and Sewage systems. (www.sulabhenvis.in)
Support to persons with disabilities
x)
Children
50 hearing impaired children have been provided with fiveyear education based on the CBSE curriculum and then
integrated in other reputed schools for further education.
Women
114 disabled women were trained in various revenuegenerating vocations. Twenty-four women were trained in
beauty-care and hairdressing and are now employed, earning
between two to three thousand rupees a month.
y)
No presence in foreign
countries
Public toilets with biogas plant in 2 countries – Bhutan and
Afghanistan.
z)
International agencies
co-operation – nil
Now, World Health Organisation (WHO), United Nations
Children’s Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP), World Bank, United Nations Human
Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), United Nations
Economic and Social Council (UN-ECOSOC), Water Supply
and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC), Water,
Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC), International
Labour Organisation (ILO), Asian Development Bank (ADB),
Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI), World
Toilet Organisation (WTO), Sustainable Sanitation Alliance
(SuSanA), etc.
aa)
UN recognition – none
The Economic and Social Council of United Nations had
given Special Consultative Status to the Organisation in
the year 1996 and now has accredited in 2011 the General
Consultative Status.
bb)
World Toilet Summit –
not held
Organised the World Toilet Summit-2007 in New Delhi in
which delegates from over 40 countries participated.
Artistic
form
from
manure
of
human
excreta - none
21 artistic pieces in the shape and size of doors, made from
manure converted from human excreta from the pits of
Sulabh Shauchalayas were displayed at the Lisson Gallery,
London, U.K.
Broadcast only on All
India Radio, Bihar
Broadcast on Radio and Television:- Worldwide News –
BBC, Mexican TV, German TV, CNN, CNN-IBN, National
Geographic Channel, Australian TV, French TV, Dutch TV,
Doordarshan (Indian TV Channel) DD News, NDTV, TF1
French T.V., Radio Netherland, Aljazeera, etc.
cc)
29
dd)
1970
2015
Reports in print media
only in Patna, Bihar
Now in national and international dailies and magazines such
as:
NATIONAL:
Hindustan Times, The Statesman, The Tribune, The
Hindu, India Today, The Pioneer, The Sunday Express, The
Economic Times, The Indian Express, The Asian Age, The
Times of India, Punjab Kesri, Hindustan, Dainik Jagran,
Navbharat Times, Vancouver Desi, The Weekend Leader,
Rashtriya Sahara, samaylive.com, livehindustan.com, Nai
Duniya, The Times of India, Varanasi, The Times of India,
Nagpur, The Telegraph, Dainik Bhaskar, Khabar South Asia
in Vrindavan, Haribhoomi Saheli, The Economic Times, Zee
News, Hindustan Times, The Independent, Udaipurnews.in,
Navbharat. org, The Financial World-Delhi, India TV News,
News Track India, The Christian Science Monitor, amarujala.
com, Jagran, DD Lok Sabha, totaltv, W.A.S.H. FAIR, NDTV
24x7, Volkskrant.nl, UCAN India, Express India, Parda Phash,
Outlook India, smaylive, One India News, Two Circles.
net, Dastak Times, Millennium Post, Deshbandhu, Press
Information Bureau, Tehelka Hindi, Women News Network,
Prokeral News, Lawyers Club India, Bol Dilli Bol, The Sunday
Guardian, IANS, Business Standard, Press Trust of India, etc.
INTERNATIONAL:
BBC News, The Canadian Press, The Asian Wall Street
Journal, Der Spiegel, The New York Times International,
The TIME, The Washington Post World News, Gulf Times,
Gulf News, Chicago Tribune, Asahi Shimbun, Der Uberblick,
The Oman Tribune, IBN Live, Deccan Heralad, Business
Day BD Live, Planet Workshops, Australia Network News,
ABC Radio Australia, Rome News Tribune, gulfnews.com,
Paris Guardian, Europe Sun, The Week, Hill Post, DNA,
PTI, ecosportdiscoveries.co.in, Times of Oman, Reuters, the
Huffington Post, dailymail.co.uk, JourneyMart.com, DW Asia,
Voice of America, Tanzania Daily News, Tageblatt.lu, Global
Health Immersion Programs, Indlaw News, Deutsche Welle,
teinteresa.es, kipa-apic.ch, Deccan Chronicle, Eglises D’asie,
A to Z News, International News and Views Corporation,
arusha255.blogspot.in, Global Post, New Straits Times,
Business and Economy Magazine, adventuresindia.wordpress.
com, bestdreamerofworld.wordpress.com, LHFORUM, First
Post, France 24, Dawn.com, Global Press Institute, Live Mint,
Fala Fil, Guts of Change, Los Angeles Times, Guts ForChange,
Mental Floss, Khaleej Times, Kuwait Times, New CITYzens,
China Daily, Business Standard, BBC World News, takepart,
The Wall Street Journal, Kenh 14.v n, etc.
ee)
Seminar and conferences
attended - none
Attended nearly all important international and national
conferences worldwide on sanitation.
30
INVENTIONS BY DR. PATHAK
IN THE SPHERE OF SANITATION
Sulabh Two Pit Ecological Compost Toilet
Sulabh Public toilets on ‘pay & use’ basis
Sulabh Biogas Plant
Sulabh Effluent Treatment Plant
Sulabh Purified Drinking Water
31
Sulabh Bhawan, Palam Dabri Road, New Delhi - 110 045
Tel.: (+91-11) 25031518, 25031519, Fax: (+91-11) 25034014, 25055952
Email: [email protected] / [email protected]
Website: sulabhinternational.org / sulabhtoiletmuseum.org
www.xtremeonline.in # 9311156526
Sulabh International Social Service Organisation
In General Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council