This PDF documents proposed changes throughout the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) stemming from the adoption of the APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) III classification as the basis for the DDC’s treatment of flowering plants. We request comment from any interested party, to be sent to Rebecca Green ([email protected]) by 31 January 2016. Please include “Angiosperm review comments” in your subject line. -------------------------------------------------------------Why is the DDC adopting a new basis for classifying angiosperms (flowering plants)? During the latter half of the 20th century, biological classification turned from establishing taxa predominantly on the basis of morphological similarities to establishing taxa predominantly on the basis of shared ancestry / shared derived characters, with biological taxonomies mirroring evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic analysis typically underlies modern evolutionary classifications, but has resulted in the development of many competing classifications. Within the domain of flowering plants, different classification systems have been favored in different countries. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, a global consortium of botanists, has addressed this issue by developing a “consensus” classification that is monophyletic (i.e., its taxa include all but only the descendants of a common ancestor). Now in its third version, the APG III classification is considered relatively stable and useful for both research and practice (e.g., for organizing plants in herbaria). The development for flowering plants presented here is the culmination of DDC editorial work over a span of several years. An early version revised 583–584 to make the schedule compatible with the APG III classification, while trying to minimize relocations and using see references to establish the APG III logical hierarchy. But the Dewey Editorial Policy Committee found the result unsatisfying and recommended instead that the 583–584 development be brought into full alignment with the APG III classification. A companion document, known as LAPG, which sets forth a linear sequence of the families of APG III, was also consulted. (Former assistant editor Giles Martin is responsible for the bulk of the underlying conceptual work of translating APG III structure and LAPG order into DDC classes.) -------------------------------------------------------------The Manual note at 583–584 Classification and common names of angiosperms (flowering plants) has been completely revised and provides useful background: The subdivisions of angiosperms (flowering plants) in 583–584 are defined by reference to the article “An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III,” Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2009): 105–121. Only the overall outline from early editions of the Dewey Decimal Classification is retained, in which the eudicots of 583 precede the monocots of 584. Otherwise the sequence of classes is guided by Haston et al., “The Linear Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (LAPG) III: a linear sequence of the families in APG III,” Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2009): 128–131. 1 Only APG III families with sufficient literary warrant appear in the headings or notes of 583–584, while all APG III family names have been indexed to the appropriate classes. Although non-APG names are no longer mentioned in the schedules, they continue to be indexed, but at relocated numbers, if necessary. As non-APG names are derived from a different system of classification, their fit may be only approximate. Latin or Greek taxonomic names are given in the heading, while their English language equivalents are given in a class-here note. Other Latin or Greek taxonomic names and their English language equivalents are given in separate including and class-here notes. Exercise caution in identifying orders and families of flowering plants by common names; many such names are used for plants in several unrelated taxonomic groups. Notes in the schedule linking the common names are not exhaustive. -------------------------------------------------------------In the course of this revision, the Dewey Editorial Policy Committee encouraged the editors to include more common names. Common names unfortunately are problematic. They are especially vulnerable to complications of synonymy (a given plant may have more than one common name) and polysemy (the same common name may be used to refer to several distinct plants). The common names used may vary by region, language, and/or time. (These patterns arise in part because common names may be based on physical attributes, similar physical attributes may be present in various and widespread plant species, while specific plant species are often subject to limited geographic distribution.) At the same time that some plants have more than one common name, other plants have no common name at all. Common names are common in the sense of belonging to everyday language, not necessarily in the sense of being shared. Consequently, in some cases common names can prove confusing even within a language, and they can cause outright havoc for translation. Because of the problems associated with common names, the only way to disambiguate them consistently is through the use of scientific names. Hence, the schedule now refers, for example, to bluebells of family Asparagaceae to distinguish them from bluebells of family Boraginaceae and bluebells of family Campanulaceae. We have used the Encyclopedia of Life (eol.org) as our source for common/vernacular names: Its coverage of taxonomic names is excellent; supply of vernacular names is both authoritative and deliberate. While multilinguality is currently limited, its files are structured to support full multilinguality. -------------------------------------------------------------The pages that follow include changes made to different parts of the DDC, as indicated: Manual: p. 4–6 Table: p. 7 Schedule: pp. 8–29 Relative Index: pp. 30–65 2 Symbols in the Relative Index have the following meanings (but can mostly be ignored): • • • • E: Proposed electronic only Ia: Mapped LCSH N: Approved electronic only P: Proposed print Because Relative Index headings and mapped Library of Congress Subject Headings are interfiled in the Relative Index given here (and not displayed separately, as they would [and will] be displayed in WebDewey), when a Relative Index term and a mapped LCSH match, the display is somewhat unusual. For example, in the following Relative Index segment, the first entry for African violets at 635.93396 is for the mapped LCSH African violets. Directly below that line is a line showing only the index number. This line corresponds to the indexing of the Relative Index heading African violets at 635.93396. The following schedule entries are included for context only: 561, 575, 577, 581, 615, 633, 634, and 635. 3 577 577.3–.7 vs. 579–590 Ecology of dominant organisms in a specific kind of environment Use 577.3–.7 for the ecology of dominant organisms (usually plants) of a specific ecological environment (biome). For example, use 577.4 (not 584.917) for the role of grass in grasslands. Similarly, use 577.3 for the ecology of specific forest associations, e.g., ecology of coniferous forest associations in Canada 577.30971 (not 585.0971 or 585.170971); and use 577.686 (not 597.17686) for fishpond ecology. Use 579 or 580–590 only for works that emphasize the biology of the dominant kind of organism, e.g., the biology of grass in grasslands 584.92 (not 584.9217), the biology of fish found in fishponds 597.17636. If in doubt, prefer 577.3–.7. 579–590 Taxonomic nomenclature and sources of information Taxonomic nomenclature The notes below mention several of the commonly recognized taxonomic levels used in classifying organisms. The broadest is kingdom, followed (in order of increasing specificity) by phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, species. In the schedules for specific kinds of organisms, scientific terms are preferred in headings for taxonomic numbers below the kingdom level. Except in 583–584, if there is an alternative scientific name still in current use, it is given in the heading in parentheses following the preferred term. If there are two or more alternative scientific names in current use, the preferred term is given in the heading, and the alternative names are given in a variant-name note. For example, Mycetozoa, Myxomycetes, Myxomycophyta, Myxomycota are given as variant names for Myxomycotina (slime molds) at 579.52. Most obsolete names have been dropped. If a common name is well established in the literature but does not have a clear-cut corresponding scientific term (or terms), the common name may be used alone, e.g., 598.412–.415 Ducks. A scientific name given in a class-here note is usually that of a subordinate taxon that comprises all or most of the members of the group in the heading. For example, under 583.986 Paracryphiales, the class here note gives Paracryphiaceae, the only family in the order. Except in 583–584, common names are linked to scientific names by parentheses when they are generally understood to be exact equivalents. When two common names are linked to a scientific name, a comma between them means that they are alternative common names, e.g., “(doves, pigeons)“ after Columbidae in the class-here note at 598.65. An ”and“ means that the two groups with common names together comprise the scientific group, e.g., ”(fireflies and glowworms)“ after Lampyridae in the including note at 595.7644. Common names that simply refer to well-known members of a scientific class, however, are listed alphabetically in an including note. With some plants and animals, the familiar name for families consists of the name of a typical member or members plus the word “family,” e.g., Taxaceae (yew family) at 585.6. The typical member may be a single species or a large genus with hundreds of species, but seldom approximates the whole of the family. Classifiers must not assume that if the family approximates the whole of an order, the typical members do also. 4 Biology 579 An illustration of two terminology problems appears at 584.288 Laurales. The main family of this order is Lauraceae, the laurel family, which encompasses ca. 90 percent of the species of the order. The family is therefore given in a class here note, signifying that subdivisions can be added to the number for works on the family because it approximates the whole of the order. Only a few species of the laurel family, however, are individually known as laurels, while several plants of other orders are also called laurels. Since it is useful to know where to class comprehensive works on laurels, the including note reads, in part: “Including ... comprehensive works on laurels.” Being listed in an including note means that laurels (even in its broadest sense encompassing all plants called laurels) do not approximate the whole of the more than 3000 species in the order Laurales. Some large classes of organisms have two including notes, for classifier convenience. The first including note lists the scientific names of families or higher taxa and their corresponding common names, the second the common names that do not correspond with the given scientific names. (In 583–584, scientific names and common names are always in separate including notes, as well as in separate class here notes.) Except in 583–584, genera are listed with the common names because so many have become common names. Sources of taxonomic information Taxonomic schedules usually follow the arrangement accepted in The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1989. Other works that often prove helpful are Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms edited by Sybil P. Parker (McGraw-Hill, 1982), and Webster’s Third New International Dictionary. See also discussion at 579.24–.25; also at 579.3; also at 583–584; also at 599. 583–585 vs. 600 Interdisciplinary works on specific kinds of seed plants Use 583–585 for works limited to the botany of useful plants, and for works giving significant treatment to species of no particular economic value. For example, use 583.34 for a works covering the 300 species of the buttercup family, and 583.9593 for a works on peppers that covers all the species of Capsicum and other genera that are called peppers. Also use 583–585 when there are two or more uses in technology, or one such use offset by an obvious botanical interest, e.g., 583.65 for oaks because oaks are useful as ornamental trees as well as lumber trees, and 584.288 for laurels because the many wild species of interest to botanists usually outweigh the few species that are well known as ornamentals. Use numbers in 600 for interdisciplinary works on most kinds of seed plants that have a single dominant use. For example, use 615.321 for medicinal plants, 633.2–.3 for forage plants, 635.9 for ornamental plants (635.933644 for roses), 641.33–.35 for food plants (641.3411 for apples), 674 for lumber plants, and 677 for textile plants (677.21 for cotton). The interdisciplinary number for most common plants is given in the Relative Index as the number opposite the unindented term. Use 583–585 for interdisciplinary works on plants that are not indexed, unless they belong in categories like those mentioned in the preceding paragraph. If in doubt, prefer 583–585. 5 583 Manual on Use of Dewey Decimal Classification 583–584 Classification and common names of angiosperms (flowering plants) The subdivisions of angiosperms (flowering plants) in 583–584 are defined by reference to the article “An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III” in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2009): 105–121. Only the overall outline from early editions of the Dewey Decimal Classification is retained, in which the eudicots of 583 precede the monocots of 584. Otherwise the sequence of classes is guided by Haston et al., “The Linear Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (LAPG) III: a linear sequence of the families in APG III“ in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2009): 128–131. Only APG III families with sufficient literary warrant appear in the headings or notes of 583–584, while all APG III family names have been indexed to the appropriate classes. Although non-APG names are no longer mentioned in the schedules, they continue to be indexed, but at relocated numbers, if necessary. As non-APG names are derived from a different system of classification, their fit may be only approximate. Latin or Greek taxonomic names are given in the heading, while their English language equivalents are given in a class-here note. Other Latin or Greek taxonomic names and their English language equivalents are given in separate including and class-here notes. Exercise caution in identifying orders and families of flowering plants by common names; many such names are used for plants in several unrelated taxonomic groups. Notes in the schedule linking the common names are not exhaustive. 583 vs. 582.13 Angiosperms (Flowering plants) vs. Plants noted for their flowers Use 583 for works on the taxonomic group called “flowering plants,” as found in 583–584. This group includes most plants that will be found in a typical vegetable garden. Use 582.13 for works largely limited to nondomesticated plants with attractive flowers. These are the kind of plants that are found in nature, but that might also find a place in flower gardens or flower books. If in doubt, prefer 583. 615.7 vs. 615.9 Pharmacokinetics vs. Toxicology Use 615.704, or the number in 615.71–.78 for the system affected, for toxic effects and interactions of drugs primarily of pharmacokinetic interest. However, use 615.9 when a drug primarily of pharmacokinetic interest is considered a poison because it is so toxic that a single inadvertent ingestion would cause serious complications or death, e.g., the pharmacokinetics of atropine (belladonna) 615.7 (not in any specific subdivision because it affects several systems), but the toxicology of belladonna 615.95239593. If in doubt, prefer 615.7. 6 T3C —364 T3C Plants Class here gardens Add to base number —364 the numbers following 58 in 582–588, e.g., trees —364216, roses —3643644 Class supernatural, mythological, legendary plants in —37 7 561 Dewey Decimal Classification 561 561 Paleobotany; fossil microorganisms Standard subdivisions are added for paleobotany and fossil microorganisms together, for paleobotany alone Including plantlike fossils of uncertain taxonomic position Class here fossil Spermatophyta, Angiospermae; taxonomic paleobotany Class fernlike fossils of uncertain taxonomic position in 561.597 .3 Fossil eudicots and fossil Ceratophyllales Standard subdivisions are added for fossil eudicots and fossil Ceratophyllales together, for fossil eudicots alone Class here fossil angiosperms, fossil core eudicots, fossil flowering plants For fossil monocots, fossil basal angiosperms, fossil Chloranthales, fossil magnoliids, see 561.4 .4 Fossil monocots, fossil basal angiosperms, fossil Chloranthales, fossil magnoliids Standard subdivisions are added for fossil monocots, fossil basal angiosperms, fossil Chloranthales, fossil magnoliids together; for fossil monocots alone 575 Specific parts of and physiological systems in plants Except for modifications shown under specific entries, add to each subdivision identified by † as follows: For external description of parts and organs and their configurations, see 581.4 .99 *Physiology of predatory activity Trapping mobile organisms Class comprehensive works on carnivorous plants in 583.887 577 Ecology Including ecotones Class here biomes, ecosystems, terrestrial ecology Except for modifications shown under specific entries, add to each subdivision identified by * as follows: Unless other instructions are given, class a subject with aspects in two or more subdivisions of 577 in the number coming last, e.g., grassland swamps 577.684 (not 577.4) For paleoecology, see 560.45; for ecology of microorganisms, fungi, algae, see 579.17; for plant ecology, see 581.7; for animal ecology, see 591.7 * See Manual at 333.7–333.9 vs. 363.1, 363.73, 577; also at 577.3–577.7 vs. 578.73–578.77 *Add as instructed under 575.6–575.9 8 577 577 .2 Specific factors affecting ecology For effect of a specific kind of microorganism, fungi, algae on the ecology, see the organism in 579.2–579.8, plus notation 17 from table under 579.2–579.8, e.g., effect of red algae on ecology 579.8917; for effect of a specific kind of plant on the ecology, see the plant in 583–588, plus notation 17 from table under 583–588, e.g., effect of grasses on ecology 584.9217; for effect of a specific kind of animal on the ecology, see the animal in 592–599, plus notation 17 from table under 592–599, e.g., effect of wolves on ecology 599.77317 .26 *Autecology For autecology of a specific kind of microorganism, fungi, algae, see the kind of organism in 579.2–579.8, plus notation 17 from table under 579.2–579.8, e.g., autecology of fungi 579.517; for autecology of a specific kind of plant, see the kind of plant in 583–588, plus notation 17 from table under 583–588, e.g., autecology of orchids 584.7217; for autecology of a specific kind of animal, see the kind of animal in 592–599, plus notation 17 from table under 592–599, e.g., autecology of insects 595.717 580 Plants Class here botany; Embryophyta, vascular plants (tracheophytes), Spermatophyta (seed plants); natural history of plants; descriptive biology of plants; taxonomic biology of plants; comprehensive works on biology of plants; interdisciplinary works on plants Class angiosperms (flowering plants) in 583; class interdisciplinary works on plants of agricultural importance in 630; class interdisciplinary works on food from plants in 641.303 For paleobotany, see 561; for internal biological processes and structures of plants, see 571.2; for fungi, see 579.5; for algae, see 579.8. For a specific aspect of plants, see the aspect, e.g., plant cultivation 631.5 See Manual at 363 vs. 302–307, 333.7, 570–590, 600; also at 577.3–577.7 vs. 579–590; also at 579–590; also at 579–590 vs. 571–575; also at 630 vs. 579–590, 641.3 SUMMARY Standard subdivisions Specific topics in natural history of plants Plants noted for specific vegetative characteristics and flowers Eudicots and Ceratophyllales Monocots, basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids Pinophyta (Gymnosperms) Cryptogamia (Seedless plants) Pteridophyta Bryophyta * 580.1–.9 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 *Add standard subdivisions as instructed under 577 9 581 581 Dewey Decimal Classification 581 Specific topics in natural history of plants Class here specific nontaxonomic kinds of plants Except for modifications shown under specific entries, add to each subdivision identified by † as follows: Unless other instructions are given, observe the following table of preference, e.g., beneficial aquatic plants 581.63 (not 581.76): Miscellaneous nontaxonomic kinds of plants Adaptation Genetics, evolution, age characteristics Plant ecology, plants characteristic of specific environments Plants by specific continents, countries, localities 581.6 581.4 581.3 581.7 581.9 Class a specific topic in natural history of plants with respect to a specific taxonomic group with the group, plus notation 1 from table under 583–588, e.g., useful monocotyledons 584.163 For plants noted for specific vegetative characteristics and flowers, see 582 .6 †Miscellaneous nontaxonomic kinds of plants Not provided for elsewhere Class here economic botany Class carnivorous plants in 583.887 582 Plants noted for specific vegetative characteristics and flowers Class genetics and evolution, adaptation and parts other than flowers, miscellaneous kinds of plants noted for vegetative characteristics and flowers in 581 For a specific taxonomic group of plants noted for either specific vegetative characteristics or flowers, see the group in 583–588, e.g., lilies noted for their flowers 584.6 > 583–584 Angiosperms † These schedules are extensively revised, having been prepared with little reference to earlier editions. Use the following comparative tables, which give both old and new numbers for a substantial list of topics, and equivalence tables, which show corresponding numbers in the old and new schedules, as aids: †Add standard subdivisions as instructed under 581 10 583 Plants 583 583 *Eudicots and Ceratophyllales Subdivisions are added for eudicots and Ceratophyllales together, for eudicots alone Class here angiosperms, core eudicots, flowering plants For monocots, basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids, see 584 See Manual at 583–585 vs. 600; also at 583–584; also at 583 vs. 582.13 SUMMARY 583.2 .3 .4 .6 .7 .8 .9 .176 98 Ceratophyllales Ranunculales, Sabiaceae, Proteales, Trochodendrales, Buxales Miscellaneous core eudicots Fabids Malvids and Vitales Berberidopsidales, Santalales, Caryophyllales Asterids Mangrove swamp ecology Number built according to instructions under 583–588 Class here comprehensive works on mangroves For mangroves of a specific order or family, see the order or family, e.g., mangroves of family Combretaceae 583.73 .2 *Ceratophyllales Class here Ceratophyllaceae Class here hornworts > 583.3–583.9 Eudicots Class comprehensive works in 583 .3 .34 *Ranunculales, Sabiaceae, Proteales, Trochodendrales, Buxales *Ranunculales Including Berberidaceae, Eupteleaceae, Menispermaceae, Ranunculaceae Including aconites, anemones, barberries, buttercups, Christmas roses, clematises, columbines, delphiniums, hellebores, larkspurs, lesser celandine, mandrake, mayapple, mayflower, monkshoods, moonseeds, wolfsbanes For Fumariaceae, Papaveraceae, Pteridophyllaceae, see 583.35 * See also 583.9593 for mandrakes of family Solanaceae *Add as instructed under 583–588 11 583 Dewey Decimal Classification .35 583 *Fumariaceae, Papaveraceae, Pteridophyllaceae Including bleeding hearts, bloodroot, celandines, Dutchman’s breeches, fumitories, poppies See also 583.34 for lesser celandine .37 *Sabiaceae .38 *Proteales Including Nelumbonaceae, Persoonia, Platanaceae, Telopea Including banksias, grevilleas, hakeas, lotuses, macadamias, plane trees, proteas, spider flowers, sycamores, waratahs Class here Proteaceae See also 583.73 for Brazilian spiderflower; also 583.78 for spiderflowers of family Cleomaceae .39 *Trochodendrales and Buxales .393 *Trochodendrales .395 *Buxales Including Buxaceae, Didymelaceae Including boxwoods See also 583.648 for West Indian boxwood > 583.4–583.9 Core eudicots Class comprehensive works in 583 .4 *Miscellaneous core eudicots Only those provided for below .42 *Gunnerales Including Gunneraceae, Myrothamnaceae Including gunneras .43 *Dilleniaceae .44 *Saxifragales Including Cercidiphyllaceae, Crassulaceae, Grossulariaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Paeoniaceae, Peridiscaceae, Ribes, Saxifragaceae Including currants, gooseberries, houseleeks, ironwoods, katsura trees, live-forevers, orpines, peonies, pickaback plants, saxifrages, sedums, stonecrops, sweet gums, Virginia willow, witch hazels Class comprehensive works on ironwoods in 583.65 *Cynomoriaceae * .47 *Add as instructed under 583–588 12 583 Plants .6 583 *Fabids Class here eurosids I, rosids For malvids and Vitales, see 583.7 .62 *Zygophyllales Including Krameriaceae, Zygophyllaceae Including creosote bush, lignum vitae .63 *Fabales Including Melilotus, Polygalaceae, Quillajaceae, Stylobasium, Surianaceae, Trifolium Including alfalfa, beans, beggar’s lice, bluebonnet, carob, clovers, groundnuts, honey bush, indigo plants, kudzu, lentils, lespedezas, locoweeds, locusts, lucernes, lupines, milkworts, peanuts, peas, Scotch broom, shamrocks, smoke trees, sojas, soyas, soybeans, tamarind, trefoils, vetches, wisterias Class here Fabaceae, Faboideae Class here legumes See also 583.68 for shamrock of family Oxalidaceae; also 583.75 for smoke trees of family Anacardiaceae .633 *Mimosoideae Including acacias, mesquite, sensitive plants, silk tree, wattles Class here mimosas .634 *Caesalpinioideae Including redbuds, sennas .64 .642 *Rosales *Rosaceae Including Rubus Including almonds, apples, apricots, blackberries, cane fruits, cherries, chokeberries, cinquefoils, dewberries, drupaceous fruits, fire thorns, hawthorns, juneberries, loquats, medlars, mountain ashes, peaches, pears, plums, pomaceous fruits, pyracanthas, quinces, raspberries, rowan trees, serviceberries, spireas, stone fruits, strawberries Class here rose family See also 583.732 for rose apples; also 583.75 for hog plums of family Anacardiaceae * For Rosa, see 583.644 *Add as instructed under 583–588 13 583 Dewey Decimal Classification .644 583 *Rosa Subdivisions are added for the genus as a whole and for individual species Class here roses .646 *Barbeyaceae, Dirachmaceae, Elaeagnaceae, Rhamnaceae Including buckthorns, ironwoods, jujubes, oleasters Class comprehensive works on ironwoods in 583.65 .648 *Cannabaceae, Moraceae, Ulmaceae, Urticaceae Including banyan, breadfruits, China grass plant, elms, figs, hackberries, hops, India rubber tree, marijuana, mulberries, nettles, osage orange, pileas, ramie, rubber plant, West Indian boxwood; comprehensive works on hemps For hemps of a specific family other than Cannabaceae, see the family, e.g., aloe and sisal hemps 584.79 See also 583.395 for boxwoods of family Buxaceae; also 583.96 for dead nettles .65 *Fagales Including Betulaceae, Casuarinaceae, Juglandaceae, Myricaceae Including alders, bayberries, beeches, beefwoods, birches, bog myrtle, butternuts, candleberry, chestnuts, chinquapins, cork oak, filberts, hazelnuts, hickories, hornbeams, oaks, pecans, sweet gale, walnuts, wax myrtles; comprehensive works on ironwoods Class here Fagaceae Class Jamaica bayberry, comprehensive works on myrtles in 583.732 For ironwoods of a specific order or family other then Fagales, see the order or family, e.g., ironwoods of family Rhamnaceae 583.646 See also 583.983 for bog myrtle of family Menyanthaceae .66 *Cucurbitales Including Anisophylleaceae, Begoniaceae, Coriariaceae, Datiscaceae Including begonias, cucumbers, melons, pepos, pumpkins, squashes, watermelons Class here Cucurbitaceae Class here gourds .67 *Celastrales Including bittersweet, brexias, khat, staff trees Class here Celastraceae * See also 583.9593 for bittersweet of family Solanaceae *Add as instructed under 583–588 14 583 Plants .68 583 *Oxalidales Including Brunelliaceae, Cephalotaceae, Connaraceae, Cunoniaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Oxalidaceae Including shamrock, wood sorrels .69 *Malpighiales Including Achariaceae, Balanopaceae, Bonnetiaceae, Caryocaraceae, Clusiaceae, Dichapetalaceae, Elatinaceae, Erythroxylaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Guttiferae, Humiriaceae, Hypericaceae, Ixonanthaceae, Lacistemataceae, Linaceae, Malpighiaceae, Ochnaceae, Passifloraceae, Podostemaceae, Populus, Rafflesiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Salicaceae, Salix, Violaceae Including aspens, cassavas, castor-oil plant, cocas, copperleaves, cottonwoods, crotons, crown of thorns, dika, flax, garcinias, granadillas, heveas, mammee apple, manchineels, mangosteen, maniocs, maypop, mercuries, pansies, passionflowers, poinsettias, poplars, riverweeds, rubber tree, rose of Sharon, snow-on-the-mountain, spurges, tallow tree, tung tree, violets, wild mango, willows See also 583.648 for India rubber tree; also 583.96 for African violets; also 584.286 for yellow poplar .7 *Malvids and Vitales Subdivisions are added for malvids and Vitales together, for malvids alone Class here eurosids II .72 *Geraniales Including Geraniaceae, Melianthaceae Including erodiums, geraniums, pelargoniums .73 *Myrtales Including Combretaceae, Lythraceae, Melastomataceae, Onagraceae, Vochysiaceae Including Brazilian spiderflower, button mangrove, cigar flower, clarkias, crape myrtle, evening primroses, fireweeds, fuchsias, loosestrifes, meadow beauties, pomegranate, white mangrove Class comprehensive works on mangroves in 583.17698 * See also 583.38 for spider flowers of family Proteaceae; also 583.78 for spiderflowers of family Cleomaceae; also 583.93 for loosestrife of family Primulaceae; also 583.983 for fireweeds of family Asteraceae *Add as instructed under 583–588 15 583 Dewey Decimal Classification .732 583 *Myrtaceae Including allspice, bay rum tree, clove, guavas, Jamaica bayberry, pimento, rose apples, water chestnuts; comprehensive works on myrtles For Eucalyptus, see 583.733. For myrtle of a specific family other than Myrtaceae, see the family, e.g., wax myrtle 583.65, crape myrtle 583.73, Oregon myrtle 584.288 See also 583.9593 for pimientos of family Solanaceae; also 584.94 for Chinese water chestnut .733 *Eucalyptus Subdivisions are added for the genus as a whole and for individual species Class here gum trees .74 .742 *Crossosomatales and Picramniales *Crossosomatales Including Stachyuraceae, Staphyleaceae, Strasburgeriaceae Including bladdernuts Class here Crossosomataceae .745 .75 *Picramniales *Sapindales Including Anacardiaceae, Burseraceae, Hippocastanaceae, Leitneria, Meliaceae, Rutaceae, Sapindaceae, Simaroubaceae Including ailanthuses, buckeyes, cashews, chinaberry tree, citrus fruits, cork trees, hog plums, hop tree, hopbushes, horse chestnuts, incense trees, litchis, mahoganies, mangoes, maples, orange jessamine, oranges, pistachios, poison ivies, poison oaks, rues, smoke trees, soapberries, Spanish plums, sugar maple, sumacs, tree of heaven, varnish trees; comprehensive works on balms Class comprehensive works on ivies in 583.988 For balm of a specific family other than Burseraceae, see the family, e.g., bee balms 583.96 See also 583.63 for smoke tree of family Fabaceae; also 583.642 for hog plums of family Rosaceae; also 583.65 for cork oak; also 583.963 for jasmines .76 *Huerteales Including Dipentodontaceae, Gerrardinaceae, Petenaeaceae, Tapisciaceae .77 *Malvales Including Bixaceae, Cistaceae, Cytinaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Sphaerosepalaceae, Thymelaeaceae * Including annatto tree, daphnes, mezereum, rockroses, spurge laurel *Add as instructed under 583–588 16 583 Plants .775 583 *Malvaceae Including Bombacoideae, Sterculia, Tilia Including balsa, baobabs, basswood, cacao, cotton, hibiscuses, hollyhock, jute, kapok, kenaf, kola nuts, lime trees, lindens, okra, silk cotton tree; comprehensive works on rose of Sharon Class here mallows For roses of Sharon of a specific family other than Malvaceae, see the family, e.g., roses of Sharon of family Hypericaceae 583.69 .78 *Brassicales Including Capparaceae, Caricaceae, Cleomaceae, Matthiola, Moringaceae, Resedaceae, Tropaeolaceae Including alyssums, cabbages, candytufts, capers, cresses, crucifixion thorns, mignonettes, mustard, nasturtiums, papaws, papayas, radishes, rapes, rutabagas, shepherd’s purse, spiderflowers, stocks, turnips, wallflowers, watercresses Class here Brassicaceae, Cruciferae See also 583.38 for spider flowers of family Proteaceae; also 583.73 for Brazilian spiderflower; also 584.286 for papaws of family Annonaceae; also 584.442 for skunk cabbages .79 *Vitales Including Vitaceae Including Boston ivy, grapes, Virginia creeper .8 .82 *Berberidopsidales, Santalales, Caryophyllales *Berberidopsidales Including Aextoxicaceae Class here Berberidopsidaceae .85 *Santalales Including Balanophoraceae, Loranthaceae, Olacaceae, Opiliaceae, Santalaceae Including mistletoes, sandalwood .88 Caryophyllales Including Anacampserotaceae, Asteropeiaceae, Frankeniaceae, Limeaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Tamaricaceae * Including alkali heath, leadworts, sea lavenders, tamarisk, thrifts *Add as instructed under 583–588 17 583 Dewey Decimal Classification .883 583 *Caryophyllaceae and related families Including Achatocarpaceae, Aizoaceae, Amaranthaceae, Barbeuiaceae, Basellaceae, Didiereaceae, Molluginaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Phytolaccaceae, Portulacaceae, Stegnospermataceae Including amaranths, beets, bougainvilleas, carnations, carpetweeds, four-o’clock, goosefoots, ice plants, lithops, living stones, Madeira vine, pinks, pokeweed, purslanes, sea figs, spinach .885 *Cactaceae Class here cacti .887 *Nepenthaceae and related families Including Ancistrocladaceae, Dioncophyllaceae, Droseraceae, Drosophyllaceae Including sundews, Venus’s flytrap; Old World pitcher plants; comprehensive works on pitcher plants Class here comprehensive works on carnivorous plants For Cephalotaceae, see 583.68; for Byblidaceae, Lentibulariaceae, see 583.96; for New World pitcher plants, see 583.93 .888 *Polygonaceae Including buckwheat, canaigre, dock, rhubarb, sorrel .9 .92 *Asterids *Cornales Including Cornaceae, Hydrangeaceae, Hydrostachyaceae, Loasaceae Including deutzias, dogwoods, hydrangeas, mock oranges, sour gums, syringas, tupelos .93 *Ericales Including Balsaminaceae, Clethraceae, Diapensiaceae, Ebenaceae, Ericaceae, Fouquieriaceae, Lecythidaceae, Marcgraviaceae, Pentaphylacaceae, Polemoniaceae, Primulaceae, Sapotaceae, Sarraceniaceae, Stewartia, Styracaceae, Symplocaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Theaceae Including auriculas, azaleas, balsams, blueberries, Brazil nut, camellias, candlewood, Chinese gooseberry, coralberry, cranberries, crowberries, cyclamens, ebonies, galax, heather, heaths, huckleberries, impatiens, Indian pipes, Jacob’s ladders, jewelweeds, kalmias, kiwi, loosestrife, mountain laurel, New World pitcher plants, ocotillo, pepperbushes, persimmons, phloxes, primroses, primulas, rhododendrons, sapodilla, shooting stars, sourwood, star apples, storaxes, sweetleaf, tea, touch-me-nots, wintergreens Class evening primroses in 583.73; class comprehensive works on laurels in 584.288; class comprehensive works on carnivorous plants, on pitcher plants in 583.887 * See also 583.73 for loosestrife of family Lythraceae *Add as instructed under 583–588 18 583 Plants .95 583 *Lamiids Class here euasterids I For Lamiales, see 583.96 .952 *Oncothecaceae .953 *Metteniusaceae .954 *Icacinaceae .955 *Garryales Including Eucommiaceae, Garryaceae .956 *Gentianales Including Apocynaceae, Cynocrambe, Gentianaceae, Loganiaceae, Plumeria, Rubiaceae, Theligonum Including buttonbushes, carrion flowers, cinchonas, coffee, dogbanes, gardenias, gentians, Indian hemps, Indian sarsaparilla, madders, milkweeds, oleanders, partridgeberry, periwinkles, rauwolfias, stephanotises See also 584.6 for carrion flower and sarsaparillas of family Smilacaceae .957 *Vahliaceae .958 *Boraginaceae Including baby blue-eyes, bluebells, borage, comfreys, forget-me-nots, heliotropes, honeyworts, hound’s tongues, Virginia cowslip, waterleafs See also 583.983 for bluebells of family Campanulaceae; also 584.79 for bluebells of family Asparagaceae .959 *Solanales Including Convolvulaceae, Sphenocleaceae Including dichondras, dodders, morning glories, sweet potatoes, yams See also 584.52 for yams of family Dioscoreaceae .959 3 *Solanaceae Including belladonna, bittersweet, butterfly flowers, capsicums, cayenne pepper, daturas, eggplants, henbanes, jimsonweed, mandrakes, nightshades, paprika, petunias, pimientos, potatoes, red peppers, schizanthuses, sweet peppers, tobacco, tomatoes; comprehensive works on peppers For peppers of family Piperaceae, see 584.284 * See also 583.34 for mandrake of family Berberidaceae; also 583.67 for bittersweet of family Celastraceae; also 583.765 for pimento of family Myrtaceae *Add as instructed under 583–588 19 583 Dewey Decimal Classification .96 583 *Lamiales Including Acanthaceae, Bignoniaceae, Byblidaceae, Gesneriaceae, Hippuris, Lentibulariaceae, Martyniaceae, Orobanchaceae, Pedaliaceae, Plantaginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Verbenaceae Including acanthuses, African violets, basils, bee balms, black mangrove, bladderworts, broomrapes, butterfly bushes, calabash tree, catalpas, catnip, Chinese artichoke, dead nettles, figworts, foxglove, gloxinias, ground ivy, horehounds, hyssop, lavenders, lopseed, mare’s tails, marjoram, mint, mulleins, penstemon, plantagos, plantains, rosemary, sage, sesames, snapdragons, teak, thymes, trumpet creepers, unicorn plants, verbenas, vervains Class here Labiatae, Lamiaceae Class comprehensive works on mangroves in 583.17698; class comprehensive works on violets in 583.69; class comprehensive works on balms in 583.75; class comprehensive works on carnivorous plants in 583.887 See also 583.983 for artichokes, sagebrushes; also 584.88 for plantain of family Musaceae .963 *Oleales Including ashes, forsythias, jasmines, lilacs, olives, privets Class here Oleaceae See also 583.75 for orange jessamine .98 *Campanulids Class here euasterids II .982 *Aquifoliales Including Cardiopteridaceae Including maté Class here Aquifoliaceae, Ilex * Class here holly *Add as instructed under 583–588 20 583 Plants .983 583 *Asterales Including Calyceraceae, Campanula, Campanulaceae, Goodeniaceae, Menyanthaceae, Stylidiaceae Including artichokes, asters, bellflowers, black-eyed Susans, bluebells, bog myrtle, buckbean, chamomiles, chicory, chrysanthemums, cornflower, cosmos, dahlias, daisies, dandelions, endive, everlastings, fireweeds, fleabanes, gerberas, goldenrods, groundsels, guayule, Indian tobacco, lettuce, marigolds, ragweeds, ragworts, safflower, sagebrushes, salsify, sunflowers, thistles, wormwoods, zinnias Class here Asteraceae, Compositae See also 583.65 for bog myrtle of family Myricaceae; also 583.73 for fireweed of family Onagraceae; also 583.958 for bluebells of family Boraginaceae; also 583.96 for Chinese artichoke; also 584.79 for bluebells of family Asparagaceae .984 *Escalloniales Class here Escalloniaceae Class here escallonias .985 *Bruniales Including Bruniaceae, Columelliaceae .986 *Paracryphiales Class here Paracryphiaceae .987 *Dipsacales Including Caprifoliaceae Including elders, honeysuckles, snowballs, teasels, valerians, viburnums .988 *Apiales Including Araliaceae, Pittosporaceae, Torricelliaceae Including ginsengs, hedge laurels, wild sarsaparilla; comprehensive works on ivies For ivies of a specific family other than Araliaceae, see the family, e.g., poison ivies 583.75 See also 584.6 for sarsaparilla of family Smilacaceae .988 2 *Apiaceae Variant name: Umbelliferae * Including anise, caraway, carrots, celery, dills, parsley, parsnips, poison hemlocks, Queen Anne’s lace *Add as instructed under 583–588 21 584 Dewey Decimal Classification 584 *Monocots, basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids Subdivisions are added for monocots, basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids together; for monocots alone See Manual at 583–585 vs. 600; also at 583–584 SUMMARY 584.2 .4 .5 .6 .7 .8 .9 .2 Basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids Acorales, Alismatales, Petrosaviales Dioscoreales and Pandanales Liliales Asparagales Commelinids Poales *Basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids Standard subdivisions are added for basal angiosperms, Chloranthales, magnoliids together; for basal angiosperms alone .22 *Amborellales Class here Amborellaceae .23 *Nymphaeales Including Cabombaceae, Hydatellaceae, Nymphaeaceae Including water lilies .24 *Austrobaileyales Including Austrobaileyaceae, Schisandraceae, Trimeniaceae Including magnolia vine, star anise .26 *Chloranthales Class here Chloranthaceae .28 .282 *Magnoliids *Canellales Including Canellaceae, Winteraceae Including wild cinnamon, winter’s barks .284 *Piperales Including Aristolochiaceae, Hydnoraceae, Saururaceae Including birthwort, black pepper, lizard’s-tails, peperomias Class here Piperaceae Class here peppers * Class comprehensive works on peppers in 583.9593 *Add as instructed under 583–588 22 584 584 Plants .286 584 *Magnoliales Including Annonaceae, Magnoliaceae, Myristicaceae Including cherimoya, cucumber tree, custard apples, lancewoods, mace, magnolias, michelias, nutmegs, papaws, tulip tree, yellow poplar See also 583.78 for papaws of family Caricaceae .288 *Laurales Including Atherospermataceae, Calycanthaceae, Hernandiaceae, Monimiaceae, Siparunaceae Including avocados, bay laurel, California laurel, cinnamon, Oregon myrtle, sassafras, sweet bay; comprehensive works on laurels Class here Lauraceae Class comprehensive works on myrtles in 583.732 For spurge laurel, see 583.77; for laurels of family Ericaceae, see 583.93; for hedge laurel, see 583.988 See Manual at 579–590 > 584.4–584.9 Monocots Class comprehensive works in 584 .4 *Acorales, Alismatales, Petrosaviales .42 *Acorales .44 *Alismatales Including Alismataceae, Aponogetonaceae, Butomaceae, Cymodoceaceae, Juncaginaceae, Posidoniaceae, Ruppiaceae, Scheuchzeriaceae, Tofieldiaceae, Zosteraceae Including arrow grass, arrowheads, eelgrass, lattice plant, water plantains, water poppy, widgeon grass .442 *Araceae Including Lemnoideae Including anthuriums, arums, caladiums, calla lilies, Chinese evergreen, dieffenbachias, duckweeds, elephant’s ears, jack-in-the-pulpits, monsteras, philodendrons, skunk cabbages, taro, watermeals Class comprehensive works on lilies in 584.6 See also 583.78 for cabbages of family Brassicaceae .445 *Hydrocharitaceae Including Najas * Including frogbit, naiads, turtle grass *Add as instructed under 583–588 23 584 Dewey Decimal Classification .447 584 *Potamogetonaceae Class here pondweeds .48 .5 .52 *Petrosaviales *Dioscoreales and Pandanales *Dioscoreales Including Burmanniaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Nartheciaceae Including yams See also 583.959 for yams of family Convolvulaceae .55 *Pandanales Including Cyclanthaceae, Pandanaceae, Stemonaceae, Triuridaceae, Velloziaceae Including hala, jipijapa, Panama hat palm, screw pines, tree lily Class comprehensive works on lilies in 584.6 .6 *Liliales Including Alstroemeriaceae, Colchicaceae, Corsiaceae, Melanthiaceae, Petermanniaceae, Philesiaceae, Smilacaceae Including carrion flowers, cat briers, Easter lily, greenbriers, Peruvian lily, sarsaparillas, trilliums Class here comprehensive works on lilies For a specific lily not provided for here, see the lily, e.g., calla lilies 584.442, tree lilies 584.55, African lilies 584.78 See also 584.23 for water lilies .69 *Liliaceae Including tulips Class here lilies .7 *Asparagales Including Asteliaceae, Blandfordiaceae, Boryaceae, Cyanastraceae, Doryanthaceae, Hypoxidaceae, Ixioliriaceae, Lanariaceae, Tecophilaeaceae, Xeronemataceae .72 *Orchidaceae Including vanillas * Class here orchids *Add as instructed under 583–588 24 584 Plants .75 584 *Iridaceae Including blackberry lily, crocuses, freesias, gladiolus, saffron, sword lilies, tigerflowers Class here irises .77 *Xanthorrhoeaceae Including aloes, asphodels, day lilies .78 *Amaryllidaceae Including Agapanthoideae, Allioideae Including African lilies, atamasco lilies, chives, daffodils, garlic, jonquils, leeks, narcissus, onions, shallots, spider lilies Class here Amaryllidoideae Class here amaryllises .79 *Asparagaceae Including Agavoideae, Aphyllanthoideae, Brodiaeoideae, Lomandroideae, Nolinoideae Including agaves, aloe hemp, asparagus, bluebells, century plants, dracaenas, hostas, hyacinths, lily of the valley, plantain lilies, sansevierias, sisal, snake plants, tequila, yuccas Class comprehensive works on hemps in 583.648 See also 583.958 for bluebells of family Boraginaceae; also 583.983 for bluebells of family Campanulaceae; also 584.86 for water hyacinths .8 *Commelinids For Poales, see 584.9 .82 *Dasypogonaceae .84 *Arecales Including coconuts, dates, mangrove, nipa palm, palmettos, rattans Class here Arecaceae, Palmae Class here palms .86 *Commelinales Including Haemodoraceae, Hanguanaceae, Philydraceae, Pontederiaceae Including bloodworts, boat lily, spiderworts, wandering Jews, water hyacinths * Class here Commelinaceae *Add as instructed under 583–588 25 584 Dewey Decimal Classification .88 584 *Zingiberales Including Cannaceae, Costaceae, Heliconiaceae, Marantaceae, Musaceae, Zingiberaceae Including abaca, arrowroot, bananas, cannas, cardamoms, ginger, ginger lily, heliconias, Manila hemp, plantains, prayer plant, turmeric, zebra plant Class comprehensive works on hemps in 583.648 See also 583.96 for plantains of family Plantaginaceae .9 *Poales Including Anarthriaceae, Centrolepidaceae, Ecdeiocoleaceae, Flagellariaceae, Joinvilleaceae, Rapateaceae, Restionaceae, Xyridaceae Including yellow-eyed grass .92 *Poaceae Variant name: Gramineae Including Anomochloeae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Eragrosteae, Leptureae, Oryzeae, Pappophoreae, Sporobolus, Streptochaeteae, Thysanolaena, Zoysieae Including pampas grass, rice Class here grasses .922 *Bambusoideae Including Bambuseae, Olyreae, Parianeae, Phareae Including bamboos .924 *Panicoideae Including Andropogoneae, Arundinella, Maydeae, Paniceae Including citronella, corn, crabgrasses, gama grass, lemongrass, maize, millets, milos, panic grasses, proso, sorghums, Sudan grass, sugarcane, thatch grasses .926 *Pooideae Including Agrostis, Festuca, Hordeum, Lygeum, Nardeae, Phalaris, Stipeae, Triticeae Including barley, bent grasses, bluegrasses, bromegrasses, canary grass, cocksfoot, esparrtos, fescues, oats, orchard grass, rye, timothy, wheat .94 *Cyperaceae Including beak rushes, Chinese water chestnut, cotton grasses, papyrus, spike rushes, umbrella plant; comprehensive works on bulrushes Class here sedges Class comprehensive works on rushes in 584.95 For bulrushes of family Typhaceae, see 584.99 * *Add as instructed under 583–588 26 584 Plants .95 584 *Juncaceae, Mayacaceae, Thurniaceae Standard subdivisions are added for Juncaceae, Mayacaceae, Thurniaceae together; for Juncaceae alone Class here comprehensive works on rushes For rushes of sedge family, see 584.94; for rushes of cattail family, see 584.99 .96 *Eriocaulaceae Including pipeworts .98 *Bromeliaceae Including black moss, pineapples, Spanish moss Class here bromeliads .99 *Typhaceae Including Sparganium, Typha Including bulrushes, bur reeds, cattails Class comprehensive works on bulrushes in 584.94 588.3 *Hepatopsida Including Anthocerotidae, Marchantiales Including great liverworts, horned liverworts, hornworts Class here Hepaticae, Hepatidae, Jungermanniales Including Bambuseae, Olyreae, Parianeae, Phareae Class here leafy liverworts, Includingliverworts, bamboos scale mosses See also 583.2 for hornworts of family Ceratophyllaceae 615 Pharmacology and therapeutics Class comprehensive works on pharmacology in 615.1; class comprehensive works on therapeutics in 615.5 .323–.327 Drugs derived from specific plants Add to base number 615.32 the numbers following 58 in 583–587, e.g., belladonna 615.3239593 For drugs derived from bryophytes, see 615.322; for drugs derived from fungi and algae, see 615.329 .854 Nutrition therapy Class here diet therapy For diet therapy emphasizing a single food, see the food as a type of drug in 615.3, e.g., a diet emphasizing soy 615.32363, a diet emphasizing garlic 615.32478 * *Add as instructed under 583–588 27 633 Dewey Decimal Classification 633 633 Field and plantation crops Large-scale production of crops intended for agricultural purposes or industrial processing other than preservation Standard subdivisions are added for either or both topics in heading Class truck farming in 635 For a specific field or plantation crop not provided for here, see the crop, e.g., bananas 634.772 .88 Medicine-producing plants Add to base number 633.88 the numbers following 58 in 583–588, e.g., ginsengs 633.883988; however, for a crop producing medicine as a secondary product, see the primary product, e.g., poppy 633.75 634 Orchards, fruits, forestry Fruits: reproductive bodies of seed plants having an edible more or less sweet pulp associated with the seed Standard subdivisions are added for orchards, fruits, forestry together; for orchards alone; for fruits alone Class here comprehensive works on tree crops For trees grown for plantation crops, see 633; for pepos, see 635.61; for ornamental trees, see 635.977 .972 3 †Poplars Class aspens, cottonwoods in 634.97369 See also 634.974 for yellow poplar (tulip tree) .972 77 Varieties and kinds Number built according to instructions under 634.97 Including basswood (American linden), lime (European linden) .973 Other dicotyledons Add to base number 634.973 the numbers following 583 in 583.2–583.9, e.g., eucalyptus 634.973733 .974 Magnoliids, basal angiosperms, monocots Class here palm forestry See also 633.58 for rattan palms; also 633.851 for oil palms; also 634.61 for coconut palm; also 635.97745 for ornamental palms 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) Class here vegetables (crops grown primarily for human consumption without intermediate processing other than cooking and preservation); home gardening, truck farming † Class orchards in 634 †Add as instructed under 634.97 28 635 Plants .933–.938 635 Taxonomic groupings Add to base number 635.93 the numbers following 58 in 583–588, e.g., cacti 635.933885, roses 635.933644, orchids 635.93472; however, for everlastings, see 635.973; for comprehensive works on dicotyledons, see 635.9; for taxonomic groupings of trees, see 635.9773–635.9775 .977 3–.977 5 Taxonomic groupings Add to base number 635.977 the numbers following 58 in 583–585, e.g., elms 635.9773648; however, for comprehensive works on dicotyledonous trees, see 635.977 29 Dewey Decimal Classification Alfalfa botany forage crop N Alismaceae Alismales P Alismataceae Alismatales Alismidae Alkali heath Alkaloidal plants agriculture Alliaceae P botany edible bulbs garden crop P Allioideae Allspice botany see also Spices Almonds agriculture botany Aloe barbadensis pharmacology P Aloe hemp Aloe vera pharmacology P Aloes (Asparagaceae) P Aloes (Xanthorrhoeaceae) P botany P floriculture Alpine gardens Alpine plants floriculture E Alseuosmiaceae N Alsike clover N botany N forage crop Alstroemeriaceae E Altingiaceae Alyssums botany floriculture E Alzateaceae Amaranthaceae Ia Amaranths A Abaca botany fiber crop Ia Acacia Acacias P botany forestry ornamental arboriculture Acanthaceae Acanthuses botany floriculture Ia Aceraceae N Achariaceae P Achatocarpaceae Aconites P Acoraceae P Acorales N Actinidiaceae N Adoxaceae Aextoxicaceae Afforestation silviculture African lilies Ia African violets botany floriculture Ia Agapanthaceae P Agapanthoideae Agavaceae Ia Agaves P botany fiber crop P Agavoideae Ia Ageratums Agroforestry Agrosteae Agrostis botany forage crop Ailanthuses botany ornamental arboriculture N Aitoniaceae Aizoaceae N Akaniaceae N Alangiaceae Alders 584.88 633.571 583.633 583.633 583.633 634.973 633 635.977 363 3 583.96 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 583.75 583.75 583.69 583.883 583.34 584.42 584.42 583.93 583.987 583.82 634.956 584.78 635.933 96 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 584.78 584.78 584.79 584.79 584.79 584.352 633.577 584.79 583.983 634.99 584.926 633.23 584.926 633.23 635.977 375 583.75 635.977 375 583.75 583.883 583.78 583.92 583.65 botany field crop floriculture Amaryllidaceae P Amaryllidoideae 30 633.31 583.63 633.31 584.44 584.44 584.44 584.44 584.44 583.88 633.7 584.78 584.78 635.26 584.78 641.338 3 583.732 634.55 583.642 615.324 77 584.79 615.324 77 584.79 584.77 584.77 635.934 77 635.952 8 635.952 8 583.983 633.327 583.63 633.327 584.6 583.44 635.933 78 583.78 635.933 78 583.73 583.883 583.883 583.883 583.883 633.1 635.933 883 584.78 584.78 Relative Index Amaryllises botany floriculture Ambari hemp N botany N fiber crop Amborellaceae P Amborellales P Anacampserotaceae Anacardiaceae P botany edible fruits orchard crops P Anarthriaceae Ancistrocladaceae Andropogoneae Anemones P botany floriculture N Angiospermae see Manual at 583–584 Ia Angiosperms P P paleobotany Ia Angiosperms, Fossil Ia Animals in logging Anise botany Anisophylleaceae Annatto tree Annonaceae P botany edible fruits orchard crops Ia Annuals (Plants) floriculture Anomochloeae Anthocerotidae Anthuriums botany floriculture Ia Antidesma N Antoniaceae E Aphanopetalaceae E Aphloiaceae N Aphyllanthaceae P Aphyllanthoideae Apiaceae P Apiales Apocynaceae E Apodanthaceae Aponogetonaceae N Apostasioideae 635.934 78 584.78 635.934 78 Ia Apples Ia biography botany orchard crop Ia Appleseed, Johnny, 1774–1845 Apricots botany orchard crop N Aptandraceae Aquatic gardens floriculture Aquatic plants floriculture Aquifoliaceae P Aquifoliales Ia Arabidopsis Ia Araceae 583.775 633.56 584.22 584.22 583.88 583.75 583.75 634.44 584.9 583.887 584.924 583.34 583.34 635.933 34 583 Arales Araliaceae Ia Arbors N floriculture Ia Arbutus Ia N E botany N floriculture Arctic plants floriculture Arecaceae Arecales Arecidae E Argophyllaceae N Arid gardening Ia Arisaema Aristolochiaceae Aristolochiales Armyworms agricultural pests Ia Aromatic plants Arrow grasses Arrowheads (Plants) Arrowroot botany starch crop Artichokes botany garden crop Artificial-light gardening floriculture Ia Arts and crafts gardens Arums Arundineae Arundinella 583 583 561.3 561 634.98 583.988 2 583.66 583.77 584.286 584.286 634.41 635.931 2 635.931 2 584.92 588.3 635.934 442 584.442 635.934 442 583.69 583.956 583.44 583.742 584.79 584.79 583.988 2 583.988 583.956 583.66 584.44 584.72 31 583.642 634.11 634.110 92 583.642 634.11 634.110 92 583.642 634.21 583.85 635.967 4 635.967 4 635.967 4 583.982 583.982 583.78 584.442 584.442 584.442 583.988 635.915 46 635.915 46 583.93 635.977 393 583.93 583.93 635.977 393 635.952 584.84 584.84 584.84 583.983 635.091 54 584.442 584.284 584.284 633.104 978 635.968 584.44 584.44 584.88 633.68 583.983 635.32 635.048 3 635.982 6 635.9 584.442 584.92 584.924 Dewey Decimal Classification Arundinelleae P Arundinoideae Ia Asclepiadaceae N Ia Asclepiads Ashes (Trees) P botany forestry Asparagaceae P botany N floriculture P Asparagales Asparagus botany garden crop Ia Asparagus ferns Ia Aspen Aspens P Asphodels P Asteliaceae Asteraceae Asterales Asteridae P Asterids Asteropeiaceae Ia Asters botany floriculture Atamasco lilies P Atherospermataceae Atropine human toxicology pharmacology Auriculas botany floriculture Austrian winter peas botany Austrobaileyaceae P Austrobaileyales Autecology see Manual at 577.3–.7 vs. 579–590 Autumn-flowering plants floriculture N Aveneae Avocados agriculture botany Ia Azaleas botany floriculture 584.924 584.92 583.956 583.956 583.93 583.963 583.963 634.973 963 584.79 584.79 635.934 79 584.7 B Baby blue-eyes (Plant) botany floriculture N Balanitaceae P Balanopaceae Balanopales Balanophoraceae Balanopsidales Balcony gardening Ia Balloon logging Balms Balms (Burseraceae) Balms (Lamiaceae) Balsa P botany forestry Balsaminaceae P Balsams (Plants) Ia Bamboo Bamboos basketwork crop P botany floriculture Bambuseae P Bambusoideae Bananas botany horticulture Banksias Banyan P Baobabs Barberries botany floriculture horticulture P Barbeuiaceae P Barbeyaceae Barbeyales N Barclayaceae Bark Ia Diseases and pests forest product Ia Bark stripping by animals Barley botany food crop forage crop P Basal angiosperms P botany P forestry P paleobotany Basellaceae 584.79 635.31 635.934 79 583.69 583.69 584.77 584.7 583.983 583.983 583.9 583.9 583.88 583.983 635.933 983 583.983 635.933 983 584.78 584.288 615.952 395 93 615.323 959 3 635.933 93 583.93 635.933 93 633.369 583.63 584.24 584.24 577.26 635.953 584.926 634.653 584.288 635.933 93 635.933 93 583.93 635.933 93 32 635.933 958 583.958 635.933 958 583.62 583.69 583.69 583.85 583.69 635.967 1 634.98 583.75 583.75 583.96 583.775 634.973 775 583.93 583.93 584.922 584.922 633.58 584.922 635.934 922 584.922 584.922 584.88 634.772 583.38 583.648 583.775 583.34 583.34 635.933 34 634.74 583.883 583.646 583.646 584.23 634.96 634.985 634.966 584.926 633.16 633.256 584.2 584.2 634.974 561.4 583.883 Relative Index Basil botany Basketwork plants agriculture Basswood P botany forestry E Bataceae Bay laurel botany Bay rum tree Bayberries (Myricaceae) Beak rushes Beans botany field crop garden crop Bee balms Beeches botany N Deuteromycotina diseases forestry P Beefwoods (Casuarinaceae) Beets botany garden crop sugar crop P Beggar’s lice (Fabaceae) Begoniaceae Begoniales Begonias botany floriculture Bell-jar gardening floriculture Belladonna botany human toxicology pharmacology Bellflowers botany floriculture Ia Beltring Hop Farm (England) Bent grasses botany forage crop Berberidaceae P Berberidopsidaceae P Berberidopsidales Berries horticulture N Berseem N botany N forage crop Betulaceae Betulales N Biebersteiniaceae Biennials (Plants) floriculture Bignoniaceae Ia Biocomplexity Ia Biodiversity ecology Biological control of pests gardening Biomes see Manual at 577.3–.7 vs. 579–590 Ia Birch Birches P botany forestry Birthwort Bittersweet (Celastraceae) Bittersweet (Solanaceae) Bixaceae Black-eyed peas botany field crop garden crop P Black-eyed Susans (Asteraceae) Black mangrove P Black moss (Bromeliaceae) Black pepper botany Blackberries botany horticulture Blackberry lily botany floriculture Bladdernuts Ia Bladderworts 583.96 633.58 583.775 634.972 77 583.78 584.288 583.732 583.65 584.94 583.63 633.3 635.65 583.96 583.65 634.972 564 5 634.972 5 583.65 583.883 635.11 633.63 583.63 583.66 583.66 635.933 66 583.66 635.933 66 583.65 583.65 583.75 635.931 4 583.96 577 577 577 635.049 6 577 583.65 583.65 583.65 634.972 6 584.284 583.67 583.959 3 583.77 583.63 633.33 635.659 2 583.983 583.96 584.98 584.284 583.642 634.713 635.934 75 584.75 635.934 75 583.742 583.96 583.96 P Blandfordiaceae 584.7 P Bleeding hearts (Papaveraceae) 635.933 35 P botany 583.35 P floriculture 635.933 35 Ia Blind seed disease 633.208 947 Bloodroot 583.35 P Bloodworts (Haemodoraceae) 584.86 Bluebells (Boraginaceae) 635.933 958 botany 583.958 floriculture 635.933 958 Bluebells (Campanulaceae) 635.933 983 P botany 583.983 floriculture 635.933 983 635.985 583.959 3 615.952 395 93 615.323 959 3 635.933 983 583.983 635.933 983 633.82 633.23 584.926 633.23 583.34 583.82 583.82 634.7 633.327 583.63 633.327 33 Dewey Decimal Classification Bluebells (Liliaceae) botany floriculture Blueberries botany horticulture Bluebonnet P botany floriculture Bluegrasses botany forage crop Boat lily P Bog myrtle (Menyanthaceae) P Bog myrtle (Myricaceae) Bok choy garden crop Boll weevil agricultural pest Bollworm agricultural pest Bombacaceae Bombacoideae Bonnetiaceae Bonsai Borage Boraginaceae Borders (Floriculture) Borers (Insects) agricultural pests P Boryaceae Boston ivy botany floriculture Ia Botanical literature Ia Botany Ia Botany, Economic Bougainvilleas botany floriculture Box (Plants) P botany floriculture Boxwoods P botany floriculture Boysenberries horticulture Brassicaceae P Brassicales Brazil nut agriculture botany Brazilian spiderflowers 635.934 79 584.79 635.934 79 Breadfruits botany orchard crop N Bretschneideraceae N Brexiaceae Brexias Broad beans botany field crop garden crop Broccoli garden crop P Brodiaeoideae Bromegrasses Ia Bromeliaceae 583.93 634.737 583.63 583.63 635.933 63 633.21 584.926 633.21 584.86 583.983 583.65 Bromeliads P botany floriculture Bromeliales Bromes (Grasses) Broomcorn millet N botany N food crop N Broomcorn sorghum N botany N grain crop Broomrapes Brunelliaceae Bruniaceae P Bruniales N Brunoniaceae Brush disposal forestry Brussels sprouts garden crop Buckbeans Buckeyes Buckthorns Buckwheat botany food crop Buddlejaceae Buffalo berries N horticulture Ia Bulbs (Plants) 635.3 633.519 768 633.519 78 583.775 583.775 583.69 635.977 2 583.958 583.958 635.963 634.049 7 584.7 635.933 79 583.79 635.933 79 580 580 580 581.6 635.933 883 583.883 635.933 883 583.395 583.395 635.933 395 583.395 583.395 635.933 395 P botany descriptive botany nursery production ornamental plants planting ornamental plants P Bulrushes 634.718 583.78 583.78 634.575 583.93 583.73 34 583.648 634.39 583.78 583.67 583.67 583.63 633.37 635.651 635.35 584.79 584.926 584.98 584.98 584.98 584.98 635.934 98 584.98 584.926 584.924 633.171 7 633.174 7 584.924 633.174 7 583.96 583.68 583.985 583.985 583.983 634.955 635.36 583.983 583.75 583.646 583.888 633.12 583.96 634.74 635.94 584.146 584.146 584.146 635.915 26 635.915 32 584.94 Relative Index P Bulrushes (Cyperaceae) Bulrushes (Sedges) P Bulrushes (Typhaceae) Bunt (Fungi) disease of wheat Bur reeds Burmanniaceae Burreeds Burseraceae Bush clovers botany forage crop Butomaceae Buttercups Butterfly bushes P Butterfly flowers (Solanaceae) P botany P floriculture P Butternut tree Butternuts Button mangrove Buttonbushes botany floriculture Buxaceae P Buxales Byblidaceae 584.94 584.94 584.99 Calabash tree botany ornamental arboriculture Caladiums botany floriculture E Calceolariaceae California laurel Calla lilies botany floriculture N Callitrichaceae E Calophyllaceae P Calycanthaceae P Calyceraceae Calycerales Ia Camellias Ia 633.119 493 584.99 584.52 584.99 583.75 633.364 583.63 633.364 584.44 583.34 583.96 635.933 959 3 583.959 3 635.933 959 3 583.65 583.65 583.73 635.933 956 583.956 635.933 956 583.395 583.395 583.96 P botany floriculture Campanula P botany floriculture Campanulaceae P Campanulales P Campanulids E Campynemataceae Canaigre agriculture botany Canary grasses Candleberry Candlewood Candytufts (Plants) Cane fruits botany horticulture Canellaceae P Canellales Cannabaceae N Cannabiaceae Cannaceae Cannas botany floriculture Cantaloupes garden crop Canteloupes N garden crop Capers botany Capparaceae Capparales C Ia Cabbage palmetto Cabbages botany garden crop Cabombaceae Cacao agriculture P botany see also Cocoa Cactaceae Cactales Cacti P botany edible fruits horticulture floriculture Ia Cactus P Cactuses see also Cacti Caesalpiniaceae P botany N floriculture P Caesalpinioideae 584.84 583.78 635.34 584.23 583.775 633.74 583.775 583.885 583.885 583.885 583.885 634.775 635.933 885 583.885 583.885 583.634 583.634 635.933 634 583.634 35 635.977 396 583.96 635.977 396 635.934 442 584.442 635.934 442 583.96 584.288 635.934 442 584.442 635.934 442 583.96 583.69 584.288 583.983 583.983 583.93 635.933 93 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 583.983 583.983 635.933 983 583.983 583.983 583.98 584.6 633.87 633.87 583.888 584.926 583.65 583.93 583.78 583.642 634.71 584.282 584.282 583.648 583.648 584.88 635.934 88 584.88 635.934 88 635.611 7 635.611 7 583.78 583.78 583.78 Dewey Decimal Classification Capparidales Caprifoliaceae Capsicums botany Caraway botany see also Spices Cardamom botany see also Spices Cardiopteridaceae Caricaceae E Carlemanniaceae Carnations botany floriculture Ia Carnivorous plants P botany Byblidaceae Cephalotaceae floriculture Lentibulariaceae Nepenthales physiology Sarraceniaceae Carob botany orchard crop P Carpetweeds (Aizoaceae) Carrion flowers (Asclepiadaceae) Carrion flowers (Smilacaceae) Ia Carrot weevil Carrots botany garden crop Caryocaraceae Caryophyllaceae Ia Caryophyllales Caryophyllidae Casaba melon garden crop Cashews agriculture botany Cassava botany food starch crop Ia Cassava flour Castaneoideae Castor-oil plant P Casuarinaceae Casuarinales Cat briers Catalpas botany ornamental arboriculture Ia Catasetums N floriculture Catnip Cattails (Plants) Cauliflower garden crop Cayenne pepper botany Cedars forestry P Celandines (Papaveraceae) P botany P floriculture Celastraceae Celastrales Celeriac garden crop Celery botany garden crop Centrolepidaceae P Centroplacaceae Century plants Cephalotaceae Ceratophyllaceae P Ceratophyllales P paleobotany P Cercidiphyllaceae Cercidiphyllales Cereal grasses P botany forage crops Cereals agriculture botany forage crops Ia Chaetanthera Ia Chamaemelum Chamomiles Chard garden crop N Chenopodiaceae Cherimoya P botany N orchard crop Cherries botany orchard crop ornamental arboriculture 583.78 583.987 583.959 3 641.338 3 583.988 2 641.338 3 584.88 583.982 583.78 583.96 635.933 883 583.883 635.933 883 583.887 583.887 583.887 583.96 583.68 635.933 887 583.96 583.887 575.99 583.93 583.63 634.46 583.883 583.956 584.6 635.139 768 583.988 2 635.13 583.69 583.883 583.88 583.88 583.88 635.611 7 634.573 583.75 641.336 82 583.69 641.336 82 633.682 641.336 82 583.65 583.69 583.65 36 583.65 584.6 635.977 396 583.96 635.977 396 635.934 72 635.934 72 583.96 584.99 635.35 583.959 3 634.975 6 635.933 35 583.35 635.933 35 583.67 583.67 635.128 583.988 2 635.53 584.9 584.9 584.79 583.68 583.2 583.2 561.3 583.44 583.44 584.926 584.926 633.25 633.1 584.926 633.25 583.983 583.983 583.983 635.42 583.883 584.286 584.286 634.41 583.642 634.23 635.977 364 2 Relative Index Chervil N botany Chestnuts P botany forestry nut crop Chick-peas botany field crop garden crop Chicory (Beverage) agriculture botany Chicory (Salad green) agriculture botany P Chicozapotes see also Sapotaceae China grass plant China jute N fiber crop Chinaberry tree botany ornamental arboriculture Chinch bugs agricultural pests Chinese artichoke agriculture botany Chinese evergreen botany floriculture P Chinese gooseberries Chinese water chestnut Chingma N fiber crop P Chinquapins (Fagaceae) Chives botany garden crop Chloranthaceae P Chloranthales P paleobotany Chlorideae P Chloridoideae Chokeberries Christmas roses botany floriculture Christmas trees ornamental arboriculture Ia Chrysanthemums 583.988 2 583.65 583.65 634.972 4 634.53 botany floriculture Chrysobalanaceae Ia Cider vinegar N pharmacology Cigar flower Cinchonas P botany medicinal crops Cinnamon botany see also Spices Cinquefoils N Circaeasteraceae Cistaceae Citronella P Citronella grass Citrons orchard crop Citrus fruits botany orchard crop Clarkias botany floriculture Ia Clematis Clematises botany floriculture P Cleomaceae Clethraceae Climbing plants floriculture Clove (Spice) botany see also Spices Clovers botany forage crop Clusiaceae N Cneoraceae Cocas (Plants) N Cochlospermaceae Cocksfoot (Grass) botany Coconuts botany N fiber crop food crop Codiaeum Codling moth agricultural pests 583.63 633.37 635.657 633.78 583.983 635.54 583.983 583.93 583.648 633.56 635.977 375 583.75 635.977 375 633.104 975 4 635.2 583.96 635.934 442 584.442 635.934 442 583.93 584.94 633.56 583.65 584.78 635.26 584.26 584.26 561.4 584.92 584.92 583.642 635.933 34 583.34 635.933 34 635.977 5 37 635.933 983 635.933 983 583.983 635.933 983 583.73 615.323 642 615.323 642 583.73 583.956 583.956 633.883 956 641.338 3 584.288 583.642 583.34 583.77 584.924 584.924 634.331 583.75 634.304 635.933 73 583.73 635.933 73 635.933 34 635.933 34 583.34 635.933 34 583.78 583.93 635.974 641.338 3 583.732 633.32 583.63 633.32 583.69 583.75 583.69 583.77 633.22 584.926 584.84 633.58 634.61 583.69 634.049 78 Dewey Decimal Classification Coffee agriculture botany N Fusarium diseases Ia Coffee plantations Ia Coffee wilt disease Coir N fiber crop Cola alkaloid crop P Colchicaceae Ia Cold decks (Logging) Cold frames gardening Ia Cold-tolerant plants N floriculture Collards garden crop Color plants floriculture Columbines botany floriculture Columelliaceae Combines (Machines) Combretaceae Comfreys P botany floriculture Ia Commelinaceae Commelinales Commelinidae P Commelinids Commercial gardening technology Common beans field crop garden crop Ia Common dandelion Ia Compositae Ia Concord grape Conifers forestry ornamental arboriculture ornamental gardening P Connaraceae Connarales Conservatories (Greenhouses) floriculture gardening Container gardening houseplants Ia Continuous cover forestry Controlled burning forestry Controlled-environment agriculture floriculture gardening Convolvulaceae Cooking greens garden crop Copperleaves (Plants) P Coralberry (Primulaceae) P Core eudicots P paleobotany Coriariaceae Cork forestry Cork oak Cork trees (Rutaceae) botany ornamental arboriculture Corms descriptive botany Ia Corn botany cereal crop forage crop garden crop Ia Corn smut disease Cornaceae Cornales Cornflower P Corsiaceae N Corynocarpaceae Cosmos (Flowers) Costaceae Ia Cottage gardening Ia Cottage gardens N Cotton botany fiber crop Cotton grasses Ia Cotton growing P Cottonwoods (Salicaceae) Ia Coyote tobacco Crabgrasses Cranberries botany horticulture Crape myrtle botany ornamental arboriculture Crassulaceae 633.73 583.956 633.739 467 7 633.73 633.739 467 7 633.58 633.76 584.6 634.98 635.048 3 635.952 635.952 635.347 635.968 635.933 34 583.34 635.933 34 583.985 633.104 5 583.73 583.958 583.958 635.933 958 584.86 584.86 584.86 584.8 584.8 635 633.372 635.652 583.983 583.983 583.983 634.83 634.975 635.977 5 635.935 583.68 583.68 635.982 3 635.048 3 635.986 635.965 38 634.95 634.955 635.982 635.048 3 583.959 635.4 583.69 583.93 583 561.3 583.66 634.985 583.65 635.977 375 583.75 635.977 375 584.146 584.146 584.924 584.924 633.15 633.255 635.67 633.159 493 583.92 583.92 583.983 584.6 583.66 583.983 584.88 635 635 635 583.775 633.51 584.94 633.51 583.69 583.959 3 584.924 583.93 634.76 635.977 373 583.73 635.977 373 583.44 Relative Index Creosote bush Crepe myrtle botany ornamental arboriculture Cresses botany N floriculture garden crop Crocuses botany floriculture N Croomiaceae Crossosomataceae P Crossosomatales Crotons botany floriculture Crowberries Crown of thorns (Plant) botany floriculture Ia Cruciferae 583.62 635.977 373 583.73 635.977 373 Ia Cyclamen Ia Cyclamens botany floriculture Cyclanthaceae Cyclanthales P Cymodoceaceae Cynocrambales P Cynocrambe P Cynomoriaceae Cyperaceae Cyperales Cypresses forestry N Cyrillaceae Cytinaceae 583.78 635.933 78 635.56 635.934 75 584.75 635.934 75 584.55 583.742 583.742 635.933 69 583.69 635.933 69 583.93 635.933 69 583.69 635.933 69 583.78 583.78 Crucifixion thorns 583.78 N Crypteroniaceae 583.73 E Ctenolophonaceae 583.69 P Cucumber tree (Magnoliaceae) 584.286 Cucumbers botany 583.66 garden crop 635.63 Ia Cucurbita 583.66 Ia Cucurbitaceae 583.66 583.66 Cucurbitales 583.66 Cunoniaceae 583.68 Ia Cup rosinweed 583.983 Ia 633.39 N forage crop 633.39 Curculionidea N agricultural pests N carrots 635.139 768 Currants horticulture 634.721 Currants (Grossulariaceae) P botany 583.44 E Curtisiaceae 583.92 N Cuscutaceae 583.959 Custard apple N orchard crop 634.41 Custard apples 584.286 Cut flowers floriculture 635.966 Cyanastraceae 584.7 583.93 635.933 93 635.933 93 583.93 635.933 93 584.55 584.55 584.44 583.956 583.956 583.47 584.94 584.94 634.975 5 583.93 583.77 D Ia Daffodils botany floriculture Ia Dahlias Ia botany floriculture Daisies floriculture P Daisies (Asteraceae) Dammar pines forestry Damson plums N orchard crop Ia Dandelions P botany garden crop Daphnes N Daphniphyllaceae P Dasypogonaceae Dates (Fruit) agriculture botany Datiscaceae Daturas N Davidiaceae N Davidsoniaceae Day lilies botany floriculture 39 584.78 635.934 78 584.78 635.934 78 583.983 635.933 983 635.933 983 583.983 635.933 983 635.933 983 583.983 634.975 93 634.227 583.983 583.983 583.983 635.51 583.77 583.44 584.82 634.62 584.84 583.66 583.959 3 583.92 583.68 635.934 77 584.77 635.934 77 Dewey Decimal Classification Ia Daylilies P E botany P floriculture Dead nettles Ia Deerberry E Degeneriaceae Ia Delphinium Delphiniums botany floriculture Dendrobiums P botany floriculture Descriptive biology plants Desert plants floriculture N Desfontainiaceae Deutzias botany floriculture Dewberries botany horticulture N Dialypetalanthaceae P Diapensiaceae Diapensiales Dichapetalaceae Dichondras Ia Dicotyledons P botany forestry paleobotany see Manual at 583–584 Didiereaceae Didymelaceae Didymelales Dieffenbachias botany floriculture N Diegodendraceae Ia Diet in disease Diet therapy medicine Dika Dill botany P Dilleniaceae Dilleniales Dilleniidae N Dioncophyllaceae N Dioscorea Dioscoreaceae P Dioscoreales Dipentodontaceae N Dipsacaceae Dipsacales Ia Dipterocarpaceae 635.934 77 635.934 77 584.77 635.934 77 583.96 583.93 584.286 583.34 635.933 34 583.34 635.933 34 584.72 584.72 635.934 72 Dirachmaceae Discomycete diseases N forage crops Dock (Plant) Dodders Dogbanes Dogwoods botany ornamental arboriculture N Donatiaceae P Doryanthaceae Dracaenas Droseraceae P Drosophyllaceae Drought-resistant plants floriculture Drupaceous fruits botany orchard crops Dry-climate plants floriculture Ia Dubautia Duckweeds N Dulongiaceae N Dumb cane Ia Dunbaria Ia Durian N Durras N botany N grain crop Dutch elm disease Dutchman’s breeches (Plant) Dwarf potted trees Dye-producing plants agriculture 580 635.952 5 583.985 635.933 92 583.92 635.933 92 583.642 634.717 583.956 583.93 583.93 583.69 583.959 583 583 583 634.972 561.3 583.883 583.395 583.395 635.934 442 584.442 635.934 442 583.77 615.854 584.52 584.52 583.76 583.987 583.987 583.77 583.77 583.646 633.208 947 583.888 583.959 583.956 635.977 392 583.92 635.977 392 583.983 584.7 584.79 583.887 583.887 635.952 5 583.642 634.2 635.952 5 583.983 584.442 583.982 584.442 583.63 634.6 633.174 7 584.924 633.174 7 635.977 364 8 583.35 635.977 2 633.86 E P Easter lily (Liliaceae) P botany P floriculture Ebenaceae Ebenales Ebonies botany forestry P Ecdeiocoleaceae 615.854 583.69 583.988 2 583.43 583.43 583.6 583.887 584.52 40 635.934 6 584.6 635.934 6 583.93 583.93 583.93 634.973 93 584.9 Relative Index Echinacea N pharmacology Echinacea (Plants) Ia Therapeutic use Ia Ecogeomorphology Ia Ecological districts Ia Ecological disturbances Ia Ecological heterogeneity Ia Ecological provinces Ia Ecological regions Ia Ecological zones Ia Ecology specific environments see Manual at 577.3–.7 vs. 579–590 Economic botany Ia Ecosystem health Ecosystems Ia Ecotones Edgings (Floriculture) Edible bulbs garden crops Ia Edible forest gardens Ia Edible mushrooms Edible plants see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 Edible roots garden crop P Eelgrass (Zosteraceae) Eggplants botany garden crop P Elaeagnaceae Elaeagnales Elaeocarpaceae Elatinaceae Elderberries botany horticulture Elders (Plants) Elephant’s ears (Plants) Elms botany forestry ornamental arboriculture N Emblingiaceae Embryophyta see also Plants N Empetraceae Endive botany garden crop Ia English bluebell Environmental biology N Epacridaceae Eragrosteae N Eremolepidaceae N Eremosynaceae Ia Ericaceae 615.323 983 615.323 983 577 577 577.2 577 577 577 577 577 577 577 577 P botany N ornamental arboriculture Ericales Eriocaulaceae P Eriocaulales Erodiums botany floriculture N Erythropalaceae Erythroxylaceae Escalloniaceae P Escalloniales Escallonias Espartos P botany N fiber crop P Euasterids I P Euasterids II Ia Eucalyptus 581.6 577 577 577 577 635.963 635.2 635 635.8 635.1 584.44 P botany forestry medicinal crop ornamental arboriculture P Eucommiaceae Eucommiales N Eucryphiaceae P Eudicots P paleobotany Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiales E Euphroniaceae E Eupomatiaceae P Eupteleaceae Eupteleales P Eurosids I P Eurosids II Evening primroses botany floriculture Evergreen trees ornamental arboriculture 583.959 3 635.646 583.646 583.646 583.68 583.69 583.987 634.74 583.987 584.442 635.977 364 8 583.648 634.972 8 635.977 364 8 583.78 580 583.93 41 583.983 635.55 584.79 577 583.93 584.92 583.85 583.984 583.93 583.93 583.93 635.977 393 583.93 584.96 584.96 635.933 72 583.72 635.933 72 583.85 583.69 583.984 583.984 583.984 584.926 584.926 633.58 583.95 583.98 583.733 583.733 583.733 634.973 733 633.883 733 635.977 373 3 583.955 583.955 583.68 583 561.3 583.69 583.69 583.69 584.286 583.34 583.34 583.6 583.7 635.933 73 583.73 635.933 73 635.977 15 Dewey Decimal Classification Evergreen trees (Conifers) ornamental arboriculture Everlastings (Plants) P botany floriculture Extinct plants Ia Eyespot (Plant disease) P Flagellariaceae Flavorings agriculture Flax botany fiber crop Fleabanes Floriculture N South Lakeland (England) Flower beds Flower gardening Flowering plants P paleobotany see Manual at 583 vs. 582.13; also at 583–584 Flowering trees ornamental arboriculture Flowers gardening see Manual at 583 vs. 582.13 Foliage plants Forage crops see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 Forage grasses agriculture botany Forage legumes botany Ia Forage plants Forcing (Plants) floriculture gardening Ia Forest entomologists N Forest fires forestry Ia Forest genetics Forest management Ia Forest monitoring Forest nurseries Ia Forest pathologists N N Forest pests Forest plants Ia Control Forest products Forest regeneration Ia Effect of browsing on Ia Forest restoration Ia Forest surveys Forest thinning Foresters 635.977 5 635.973 583.983 635.973 561 633.104 94 F Fabaceae Fabales see also Legumes P Fabids P Faboideae Fagaceae Fagales Fagoideae Farm forestry Felling trees Ia Feng shui gardens Ferns floriculture Ia Fescue Fescues botany Festuca botany Festuceae Fiber crops Ficus Ficus elastica see also Rubber plant (Ficus) Field crops Field peas botany field crop Figs botany orchard crop Figworts Filberts agriculture botany Fire fighting forestry Fire thorns botany floriculture Fireweeds (Asteraceae) Fireweeds (Onagraceae) Firs forestry Flacourtiaceae 583.63 583.63 583.6 583.63 583.65 583.65 583.65 634.99 634.98 635 635.937 3 584.926 633.28 584.926 633.28 584.926 584.926 633.5 583.648 635.933 648 633 633.369 583.63 633.369 583.648 634.37 583.96 634.54 583.65 634.961 8 635.933 642 583.642 635.933 642 583.983 583.73 634.975 4 583.69 42 584.9 633.82 583.69 633.52 583.983 635.9 635.909 427 83 635.962 635.9 583 561.3 635.977 13 635.977 13 635.9 635.975 633.2 633.2 633.2 584.92 633.3 583.63 633.2 635.982 635.048 3 634.967 092 634.967 092 634.961 8 634.956 634.92 634.92 634.956 4 634.960 92 634.960 92 634.966 634.95 634.98 634.956 634.956 634.928 5 634.953 634.909 2 Relative Index Forestry 634.9 education 634.907 1 N Wales 634.909 429 Ia Forestry engineers 634.909 2 Ia Forestry schools and education 634.907 1 Ia Forests and forestry 634.9 Ia Wales 634.909 429 Forget-me-nots 635.933 958 botany 583.958 floriculture 635.933 958 Forsythias 635.933 963 botany 583.963 floriculture 635.933 963 N Fossil plants 561 Fouquieriaceae 583.93 Four-o’clock (Plant) 635.933 883 botany 583.883 floriculture 635.933 883 Foxgloves 635.933 96 botany 583.96 floriculture 635.933 96 Fragrance plants floriculture 635.968 N Francoaceae 583.72 Frankeniaceae 583.88 Freesias 635.934 75 botany 584.75 floriculture 635.934 75 Frogbits 584.445 N Frog’s bits 584.445 Fruit culture 634 Fruit flies agricultural pests 634.049 774 Fruit growers 634.092 Fruits arts T3C—364 forest products 634.987 orchard crop 634 Ia Fuchsia 635.933 73 Fuchsias 635.933 73 botany 583.73 floriculture 635.933 73 Ia Fuel reduction (Wildfire prevention) 634.961 8 Fumariaceae 583.35 Fumitories (Plants) 583.35 Garcinias 583.69 Garden crops 635 Garden legumes horticulture 635.65 Ia Garden pests 635.049 6 Gardeners 635.092 Gardenias 635.933 956 botany 583.956 floriculture 635.933 956 Gardening 635 Gardens 635 arts T3C—364 Garlic botany 584.78 garden crop 635.26 pharmacology 615.324 78 Ia Therapeutic use 615.324 78 Garrya 583.955 Garryaceae 583.955 P Garryales 583.955 Ia Gasteria 584.77 N 584.77 N Gaylussacia 583.93 N Gaylussacia baccata 634.732 N Geissolomataceae 583.742 E Gelsemiaceae 583.956 Gentianaceae 583.956 Gentianales 583.956 Gentians 583.956 Geraniaceae 583.72 Geraniales 583.72 Ia Geraniums 583.72 Ia 635.933 72 P Geraniums (Pelargoniums) 635.933 72 P botany 583.72 P floriculture 635.933 72 Gerberas 583.983 P botany 583.983 floriculture 635.933 983 P Gerrardinaceae 583.76 Gesneriaceae 583.96 Ginger 641.338 3 botany 584.88 see also Spices Ginger lily botany 584.88 Ginkgo tree 635.977 57 ornamental arboriculture 635.977 57 Ia Ginseng 583.988 Ia Therapeutic use 615.323 988 Ginsengs botany 583.988 medicinal crops 633.883 988 pharmacology 615.323 988 G Galax Galls grapes agriculture Gama grass 583.93 634.822 584.924 43 Dewey Decimal Classification E Gisekiaceae Gladiolus botany floriculture N Glaucidiaceae N Globulariaceae Gloxinias botany floriculture Gmelina P botany forestry Goldenrods E Gomortegaceae Gonystylus P botany forestry Goodeniaceae Gooseberries botany horticulture Goosefoots (Plants) N Goupiaceae Gourds P botany floriculture Grafting (Plant propagation) fruit crops ornamental plants Ia Grain amaranths Grain beetles Grain elevators Grain legumes see also Legumes Grain sorghums N botany N grain crop E Graminales paleobotany Gramineae Granadillas Granaries Grapefruit orchard crop Grapes botany viticulture Ia Grasses botany cereal crops floriculture forage crops 583.88 635.934 75 584.75 635.934 75 583.34 583.96 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 583.96 583.96 634.973 96 583.983 584.288 583.77 583.77 634.973 77 583.983 Ia Grasses (continued) ornamental gardening paleobotany Grazing N forestry Great liverworts Green fodder forage crop Ia Green roofs (Gardening) Greenbriers Ia Greenhouse gardening Ia floriculture Ia Greenhouse plants Greenhouses floriculture gardening Ia Grevillea Grevilleas botany floriculture N Greyiaceae E Griseliniaceae Grossulariaceae Ground cover floriculture Ground ivy P Groundnuts (Faboideae) Groundsels N Grubbiaceae E Guamatelaceae Guavas botany orchard crop Guayule Guernsey lily N botany N floriculture P Gum trees (Eucalypti) see also Eucalyptus E Gumillea Gunneraceae P Gunnerales Gunneras botany floriculture Guttiferae Gymnosperms forestry Gypsy moth agricultural pests E Gyrocarpaceae E Gyrostemonaceae 583.44 634.725 583.883 583.69 583.66 583.66 635.933 66 634.044 1 635.915 41 583.883 633.104 976 633.104 68 633.3 633.174 584.924 633.174 584.9 561.492 584.92 583.69 633.104 68 634.32 583.79 634.8 584.92 584.92 584.92 633.1 635.964 633.2 44 635.934 92 561.492 634.99 588.3 633.2 635.967 1 584.6 635.048 3 635.982 3 635.048 3 635.982 3 635.048 3 635.982 3 635.048 3 583.38 635.933 38 583.38 635.933 38 583.72 583.988 583.44 635.964 635.964 583.96 583.63 583.983 583.92 583.742 583.732 634.421 583.983 635.934 78 584.78 635.934 78 583.733 583 583.42 583.42 635.933 42 583.42 635.933 42 583.69 634.975 634.049 78 584.288 583.78 Relative Index P Hemp (Apocynaceae) see also Hemp P Hemp (Cannabaceae) see also Hemp Hemp (Fiber) botany crop P Hemp (Musaceae) see also Hemp Henbanes Hepaticae Hepatidae Hepatopsida Ia Herb gardening Herb gardens Herb teas agriculture Herbs garden crop Hernandiaceae Heveas P botany rubber crop Hibiscuses P botany floriculture Hickories High-altitude plants floriculture E Himantandraceae Hippocastanaceae N Hippocrateaceae Hippuridales P Hippuris Hog plums (Anacardiaceae) Hog plums (Rosaceae) Ia Holehird Gardens (England) Hollies botany ornamental arboriculture Hollyhocks botany floriculture Home gardens P Honey bush (Fabaceae) Honeydew melon garden crop Honeysuckles botany floriculture P Honeyworts (Boraginaceae) Hop tree botany ornamental arboriculture H Ia Habanero Ia Habitat surveys P Hackberries (Cannabaceae) Haemodoraceae Hakeas Hala E Halophytaceae E Haloragaceae Haloragales Hamamelidaceae Hamamelidales Hamamelididae P Hanguanaceae E Haptanthaceae Hard fiber crops Hardwoods forestry Hashish agriculture Ia Hawthorns Hay forage crop Hazelnuts P botany Ia Heartrot Ia Hearts of palm Ia Heather P botany floriculture Heaths (Ericaceae) Ia Hebe (Plants) Ia Hedge laurels Hedges floriculture Heliconiaceae Heliconias P botany floriculture Heliotropes (Plants) Hellebores P botany floriculture E Helwingiaceae Ia Hemerocallidaceae Ia Hemizonia N Hemlocks forestry ornamental arboriculture 633.84 577 583.648 584.86 583.38 584.55 583.88 583.44 583.44 583.44 583.44 583.44 584.86 583.395 633.57 634.972 633.79 583.642 583.642 633.2 583.65 634.964 635.3 635.933 93 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 583.93 583.96 635.933 96 583.988 635.976 584.88 584.88 584.88 635.934 88 583.958 583.34 583.34 635.933 34 583.982 584.77 583.983 583.983 634.975 3 635.977 52 45 583.956 583.648 583.648 633.53 584.88 583.959 3 588.3 588.3 588.3 635.7 635.7 635.7 635.7 584.288 583.69 583.69 633.895 2 583.775 583.775 635.933 775 583.65 635.952 8 584.286 583.75 583.67 583.96 583.96 583.75 583.642 635.909 427 83 635.977 398 2 583.982 635.977 398 2 635.933 775 583.775 635.933 775 635 583.63 635.611 7 635.933 987 583.987 635.933 987 583.958 635.977 375 583.75 635.977 375 Dewey Decimal Classification Hopbushes N Hoplestigmataceae Hops agriculture botany Hordeeae P Hordeum Horehounds Hornbeams Horned liverworts Hornworts (Anthocerotidae) Hornworts (Ceratophyllaceae) Horse chestnuts Ia Horticultural crops N Horticulturalists Horticulture Ia Arid regions Horticulturists Ia Hosta Hostas botany floriculture Hot spices agriculture Hotbeds floriculture gardening Hound’s tongues House plants Houseleeks Houseplants N Huaceae Huckleberries botany horticulture P Huerteales N Hugoniaceae Humiriaceae Huon pine forestry Ia Hyacinthoides Ia Hyacinths botany floriculture P Hydatellaceae Hydnoraceae Hydrangeaceae Hydrangeas botany floriculture N Hydrastidaceae Hydrocharitaceae 583.75 583.958 Hydrocharitales E Hydroleaceae Ia Hydrophyllaceae N Hydrostachyaceae N Hypecoaceae Hypericaceae Hypoxidaceae N Hypseocharitaceae Hyssop 633.82 583.648 584.926 584.926 583.96 583.65 588.3 588.3 588.3 583.2 583.75 635 635.092 635 635.091 54 635.092 635.934 79 635.934 79 584.79 635.934 79 584.445 583.959 583.958 583.958 583.92 583.35 583.69 584.7 583.72 583.96 I 583.93 634.732 583.76 583.69 583.69 Icacinaceae P Ice plants (Aizoaceae) P Ilex E Illiciaceae Illiciales Impatiens P botany N floriculture Incense trees Indian hemp N fiber crop P Indian hemp (Apocynaceae) Indian pipe (Plant) Indian sarsaparilla P Indian tobacco (Campanulaceae) Indigo plants Ia Indoor ferns Indoor gardening floriculture Insecticide-producing plants agriculture P Insectivorous plants Iridaceae Iridales Ia Irises (Plants) 634.975 93 584.79 584.79 635.934 79 584.79 635.934 79 584.23 584.284 583.92 635.933 92 583.92 635.933 92 583.34 584.445 P botany floriculture P Ironbarks (Eucalypti) see also Eucalyptus Ironwoods Ironwoods (Betulaceae) Ironwoods (Hamamelidaceae) Ironwoods (Rhamnaceae) E Irvingiaceae N Iteaceae Ivies botany P floriculture P Ixioliriaceae 633.84 635.982 635.048 3 583.958 635.965 583.44 635.965 583.68 46 583.954 583.883 583.982 584.24 584.24 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 583.75 633.56 583.956 583.93 583.956 583.983 583.63 635.937 3 635.965 633.898 583.887 584.75 584.7 635.934 52 635.934 52 584.75 635.934 52 583.733 583.65 583.65 583.44 583.646 583.69 583.44 635.933 988 583.988 635.933 988 584.7 Relative Index Ixonanthaceae 583.69 K J Ia Jack-in-the-pulpit Jack-in-the-pulpits Jacob’s ladders (Plants) botany Jamaica bayberry Ia Japanese apricot N ornamental arboriculture Japanese flowering cherry Jasmines botany floriculture perfume crop Jerusalem artichokes agriculture N Jerusalem corn N botany N grain crop P Jessamines (Solanaceae) see also Jasmines Jewelweeds Jimsonweed Jipijapa P botany N fiber crop P Joinvilleaceae Jonquils botany floriculture Ia Joshua tree Ia Jostaberry Ia Juglandaceae Juglandales Jujubes botany orchard crop N Julianiaceae Juncaceae Juncaginaceae Juncales Juneberries botany horticulture Jungermanniales Jute botany fiber crop N Kaffir corn N botany N grain crop N Kafir corn N botany N grain crop Kale garden crop Kalmias Kapok botany fiber crop P Katsura trees Kauris forestry Ia Kava industry Kenaf botany fiber crop Ia Keystone species Khat alkaloidal crop botany Kidney beans botany N Kirkiaceae Ia Kitchen gardens N Kiwi (Fruit) botany horticulture N Koeberliniaceae P Kola nuts Kola trees alkaloidal crop P botany Krameriaceae Kudzu Kumquats orchard crop 584.442 584.442 583.93 583.732 635.977 364 2 635.977 364 2 635.977 364 2 583.963 583.963 635.933 963 633.81 635.24 633.174 7 584.924 633.174 7 583.959 3 583.93 583.959 3 584.55 584.55 633.58 584.9 635.934 78 584.78 635.934 78 584.79 583.44 634.72 583.65 583.65 583.646 634.2 583.75 584.95 584.44 584.95 633.174 7 584.924 633.174 7 633.174 7 584.924 633.174 7 635.347 583.93 583.775 633.56 583.44 634.975 93 338.476 153 242 84 583.775 633.56 577.26 633.7 583.67 583.63 583.75 635 635 583.93 634.4 583.78 583.775 583.775 633.76 583.775 583.62 583.63 634.34 L 583.642 634.74 588.3 Labiatae N Lacistemataceae N Lactoridaceae N Lamiaceae Lamiales P Lamiids P Lanariaceae 583.775 633.54 47 583.96 583.69 584.284 583.96 583.96 583.95 584.7 Dewey Decimal Classification Lancewoods (Annonaceae) P botany P forestry Larches forestry ornamental arboriculture N Lardizabalaceae Larkspurs botany floriculture Lattice plant N Lauraceae Laurales Laurels Laurels (Ericaceae) Laurels (Lauraceae) Laurels (Saxifragales) Lavenders (Plants) Lawns floriculture Ia Water requirements Leadworts Leafy liverworts Leatherjackets (Crane fly larvae) agricultural pests Ia Lecythidaceae N Leeaceae Leeks botany garden crop Ia Legumes botany edible fruits orchard crop field crop N forage crop garden crop Leguminales see also Legumes P Leitneria Leitneriales Lemnaceae P Lemnoideae P Lemongrass Lemons orchard crop N Lennoaceae Lentibulariaceae Lentils botany field crop garden crop E Lepidobotryaceae N Lepidobotyraceae Leptureae Lespedezas botany forage crop Lesser celandine Lettuce botany garden crop Lignum vitaes Lilacs botany floriculture N Lilaeaceae Liliaceae P botany floriculture Liliales Ia Lilies floriculture Liliidae Liliopsida see Manual at 583–584 Lily of the valley botany floriculture Lima beans botany field crop garden crop P Lime trees (Malvaceae) P Limeaceae Limes (Fruit) orchard crop Limes (Malvaceae) P botany P forestry N Limnanthaceae N Limnocharitaceae Linaceae Ia Lindens botany forestry E Linderniaceae N Lissocarpaceae Litchis botany orchard crop Lithops Live-forevers (Plants) Ia Liverworts 584.286 634.974 634.975 7 635.977 52 583.34 635.933 34 583.34 635.933 34 584.44 584.288 584.288 584.288 583.93 584.288 583.72 583.96 635.964 7 635.964 7 583.88 588.3 633.104 977 2 583.93 583.93 583.79 584.78 635.26 583.63 583.63 583.63 634.46 633.3 633.3 635.65 583.63 583.75 583.75 584.442 584.442 584.924 634.334 583.958 583.96 583.63 633.37 635.658 Living stones 48 583.67 583.67 584.92 633.364 583.63 633.364 583.34 583.983 635.52 583.62 635.933 963 583.963 635.933 963 584.44 584.69 584.69 635.934 69 584.6 635.934 69 635.934 69 584 584 635.934 79 584.79 635.934 79 583.63 633.37 635.653 583.775 583.88 634.337 583.775 634.972 77 583.78 584.44 583.69 583.775 583.775 634.972 7 583.96 583.93 583.75 634.6 583.883 583.44 588.3 588.3 583.883 Relative Index Lizard’s-tail (Plant) Loasaceae N Lobeliaceae P Locoweeds (Fabaceae) Locusts (Plants) P botany N edible fruits N orchard crop forestry Loganberries horticulture Loganiaceae Loggers Logging N equipment P Lomandroideae Lookout towers forestry Loosestrifes (Lythraceae) Loosestrifes (Primulaceae) E Lophiocarpaceae N Lophiraceae E Lophopyxidaceae Lopseed Loquats botany orchard crop Loranthaceae Lotuses botany floriculture Ia Low-allergen gardens E Lowiaceae Lucerne (Plant) botany forage crop Ia Lucuma Lumbering N equipment Lumbermen Lupines P botany field crop floriculture Lygeeae P Lygeum Lythraceae 584.284 583.92 583.983 583.63 583.63 583.63 Macadamias P botany Mace (Spice) P botany see also Spices Ia Macroecology Madders Madeira vine Ia Madhuca N Magnolia vine Magnoliaceae Magnoliales Magnolias botany ornamental arboriculture P Magnoliidae P Magnoliids P botany P forestry P paleobotany Magnoliopsida see Manual at 583–584 Mahoganies botany forestry Maidenhair tree ornamental arboriculture Maize N botany N Malesherbiaceae Mallows Malpighiaceae P Malpighiales Malvaceae Malvales P Malvids Mammee apple Manchineels Mandrakes botany medicinal crop Ia Mangifera N Mangoes botany orchard crop Mangosteens agriculture botany Ia Mangrove plants P Mangrove swamp ecology Mangroves P Mangroves (Arecaceae) 634.46 634.973 63 634.714 583.956 634.980 92 634.98 634.980 284 584.79 634.93 583.73 583.93 583.88 583.69 583.69 583.96 583.642 634.16 583.85 635.933 38 583.38 635.933 38 635.9 584.88 633.31 583.63 633.31 634.43 634.98 634.980 284 634.980 92 583.63 583.63 633.367 635.933 63 584.926 584.926 583.73 M Macadamia nuts agriculture botany 634.5 583.38 49 583.38 641.338 3 584.286 577 583.956 583.883 583.93 583.93 584.24 584.286 584.286 635.977 428 6 584.286 635.977 428 6 584.28 584.28 584.28 634.974 561.4 583 583.75 634.973 75 635.977 57 635.977 57 584.924 583.69 583.775 583.69 583.69 583.775 583.77 583.7 583.69 583.69 583.959 3 633.883 952 583.75 583.75 583.75 634.44 634.655 583.69 583.176 98 583.176 98 583.176 98 584.84 Dewey Decimal Classification P Mangroves (Myrtales) P Mangroves (Verbenaceae) Manila hemp botany fiber crop Manioc P botany see also Cassava Ia Maple Ia Maple products N Maple sugar agriculture Maple syrup agriculture Maples P botany forestry ornamental arboriculture Marantaceae Marcgraviaceae Ia Marchantia Marchantiales Mare’s tails (Plants) Ia Marginal gardening N Marigolds botany floriculture Marijuana agriculture botany human toxicology pharmacology Ia Therapeutic use Ia Toxicology Marjoram botany Martyniaceae N Mastixiaceae Maté agriculture P botany Matthiola Mayacaceae Mayapple Maydeae P Mayflower (Berberidaceae) Maypop Meadow beauties Medicinal plants agriculture see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 583.73 583.96 Medlars botany orchard crop N Medusagynaceae N Medusandraceae P Melanthiaceae Melastomataceae Meliaceae Melianthaceae Melilotus botany forage crop Melons botany garden crop Menispermaceae Mensuration forestry Menyanthaceae Mercuries (Plants) Ia Mesquite 584.88 633.571 641.336 82 583.69 583.75 634.972 28 634.972 28 633.64 633.64 583.75 583.75 634.972 2 635.977 375 584.88 583.93 588.3 588.3 583.96 635.048 1 635.048 1 635.933 983 583.983 635.933 983 P Metteniusaceae Mezereum Michelias botany ornamental arboriculture Ia Microlaena Mignonettes botany floriculture Milkweeds Milkworts Millets botany food crop forage crop Milos botany N grain crop Ia Mimosa Mimosaceae Mimosas P botany ornamental arboriculture P Mimosoideae Ia Miniature roses Miniature trees Mint (Herb) botany E Misodendraceae Ia Mistletoes 633.79 583.648 615.952 364 8 615.323 648 615.323 648 615.952 364 8 583.96 583.96 583.92 633.77 583.982 583.78 584.95 583.34 584.924 583.34 583.69 583.73 633.88 E Mitrastemonaceae 50 583.642 634.15 583.69 583.44 584.6 583.73 583.75 583.72 633.366 583.63 633.366 583.66 635.61 583.34 634.928 5 583.983 583.69 583.633 583.633 583.953 583.77 635.977 428 6 584.286 635.977 428 6 584.92 635.933 78 583.78 635.933 78 583.956 583.63 584.924 633.171 633.257 1 584.924 633.174 7 583.633 583.633 583.633 583.633 635.977 363 3 583.633 635.933 644 635.977 2 583.96 583.85 583.85 583.85 583.93 Relative Index Mock oranges P Molluginaceae Monimiaceae Monkshoods P Monocots P botany P forestry P paleobotany Monocotyledons P botany see Manual at 583–584 forestry paleobotany see Manual at 583–584 N Monotropaceae Monsteras E Montiaceae N Montiniaceae Ia Moonflower Ia E Moonflower (Convolvulaceae) P botany E floriculture Moonseeds Moraceae P botany edible fruits orchard crop Moringaceae Morning-blooming plants floriculture Morning glories botany floriculture Ia Moss gardening N P Mountain ashes (Rosaceae) Mountain laurel Mulberries botany orchard crop ornamental arboriculture Mulleins E Muntingiaceae Musaceae Ia Mushroom culture Mushrooms agriculture Muskmelons garden crop Mustard botany 583.92 583.883 584.288 583.34 584 584 634.974 561.4 584 584 Mycoses N plants N cereal crops E Myodocarpaceae N Myoporaceae P Myricaceae Myricales Myristicaceae Myrothamnaceae N Myrsinaceae Myrtaceae P botany edible fruits orchard crop Myrtales Ia Myrtle wilt P Myrtles (Lauraceae) P Myrtles (Myricaceae) P Myrtles (Myrtaceae) P botany P floriculture N Myzodendraceae 634.974 561.4 583.93 584.442 583.88 583.959 583.959 635.933 959 635.933 959 583.959 635.933 959 583.34 583.648 583.648 633.104 94 583.988 583.96 583.65 583.65 584.286 583.42 583.93 583.732 583.732 634.42 583.73 634.972 564 5 584.288 583.65 635.933 732 583.732 635.933 732 583.85 N P Naiads (Plants) N Najadaceae P Najas N Nandinaceae Narcissus botany floriculture Nardeae P Nartheciaceae Nasturtiums (Brassicaceae) Nasturtiums (Tropaeolaceae) botany floriculture Ia Native plant gardening Native plants floriculture Ia Natural gardens N floriculture Natural history plants Ia Nature trails Nectarines orchard crop P Nelumbonaceae Nelumbonales Nepenthaceae Nepenthales Nettles N Neuradaceae 634.36 583.78 635.953 635.933 959 583.959 635.933 959 635.938 2 635.938 2 583.642 583.93 583.648 583.648 634.38 635.977 364 8 583.96 583.77 584.88 635.8 635.8 635.611 583.78 51 584.445 584.445 584.445 583.34 635.934 78 584.78 635.934 78 584.926 584.52 583.78 635.933 78 583.78 635.933 78 635.967 6 635.951 635.95 635.95 580 634.93 634.257 583.38 583.38 583.887 583.887 583.648 583.77 Dewey Decimal Classification New World pitcher plants E Nicobariodendron Nicotine human toxicology Ia Nigella N Night-blooming plants floriculture Nightshades Nipa palm N Nitrariaceae Nolanaceae P Nolinoideae Ia Non-timber forest products N Nontimber forest products N Nonwood forest products E Nothofagaceae Nurseries (Plant culture) floriculture forestry Nursery practice floriculture forestry Nutmeg botany see also Spices Nutrition therapy medicine Nuts forest products orchard crop Nyctaginaceae Nymphaeaceae Nymphaeales N Nyssaceae 583.93 583 Oilseed plants agriculture Okra botany garden crop Olacaceae Ia Old roses Old World pitcher plants Oleaceae Oleales Oleanders botany floriculture P Oleasters (Elaeagnaceae) P botany P floriculture N Oliniaceae Olives agriculture botany Olyreae Onagraceae N Oncidiums E botany N floriculture N Oncothecaceae Onions botany garden crop Ia Onopordum N Opiliaceae Opium pharmacology Orange jessamine botany ornamental arboriculture Oranges botany orchard crop Orchard grass botany Orchards Ia Orchid culture Orchidaceae Orchidales Ia Orchids 615.952 395 93 583.34 583.34 635.953 583.959 3 584.84 583.75 583.959 3 584.79 634.98 634.98 634.98 583.65 635.915 2 634.956 4 635.915 2 634.956 4 641.338 3 584.286 615.854 634.987 634.5 583.883 584.23 584.23 583.92 O Ia Oak Oaks P botany forestry Oats botany food crop forage crop Ochnaceae Ocotillo N Octoknemaceae Oil palms agriculture botany Oil-producing plants agriculture 583.65 583.65 583.65 634.972 1 584.926 633.13 633.253 583.69 583.93 583.85 633.851 633.851 584.84 P botany floriculture Oregano N botany Oregon myrtle 633.85 52 633.85 583.775 635.648 583.85 635.933 644 583.887 583.963 583.963 635.933 956 583.956 635.933 956 635.933 646 583.646 635.933 646 583.73 634.63 583.963 584.922 583.73 584.72 584.72 635.934 72 583.952 584.78 635.25 583.983 583.983 583.85 615.323 35 635.977 375 583.75 635.977 375 583.75 634.31 633.22 584.926 634 635.934 72 584.72 584.72 584.72 584.72 584.72 635.934 72 583.96 584.288 Relative Index Organic gardening floriculture Ia Ornamental grasses Ornamental plants see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 Ia Ornamental shrubs Ia Ornamental trees Orobanchaceae Orpines Oryzeae Osage orange Osier N fiber crop Oxalidaceae P Oxalidales 635.048 4 635.987 635.934 92 635.9 Pansies botany floriculture Papaveraceae Papaverales Papaws (Annonaceae) botany orchard crop P Papaws (Caricaceae) Papayas agriculture botany Paphiopedeliums botany floriculture Pappophoreae Paprika botany Papyrus Paracryphiaceae P Paracryphiales Parianeae N Parnassiaceae Parsley botany Parsnips botany garden crop P Partridgeberry (Rubiaceae) Passifloraceae P botany edible fruits orchard crop Passiflorales Passion fruit orchard crop Passionflowers P botany floriculture Passive smoking human toxicology Ia Pasture plants N agriculture Pastures Patio gardening E Paulowniaceae Peaches botany orchard crop Peanuts botany field crop garden crop 635.976 635.977 583.96 583.44 584.92 583.648 633.58 583.68 583.68 P P Paeoniaceae Paeoniales Ia Palearctic Ia Paleobotany Palmae see also Palms Palmales see also Palms Palmettos Ia Palms see also Palms Palms botany forestry ornamental arboriculture ornamental gardening N Palmyra palm E botany N forestry Pampas grass Panama hat palm N Pandaceae Pandanaceae Pandanales Panic grasses P botany forage crop Paniceae Panicoideae P botany forage crops Panicum P botany food crop see also Millets 583.44 583.44 577 561 561 584.84 584.84 584.84 584.84 584.84 584.84 634.974 635.977 484 635.934 84 584.84 584.84 634.974 584.92 584.55 583.69 584.55 584.55 584.924 584.924 633.257 1 584.924 584.924 584.924 633.27 584.924 584.924 633.171 53 635.933 69 583.69 635.933 69 583.35 583.35 584.286 634.41 583.78 634.651 583.78 635.934 72 584.72 635.934 72 584.92 583.959 3 584.94 583.986 583.986 584.922 583.67 583.988 2 583.988 2 635.14 583.956 583.69 583.69 634.42 583.69 634.425 583.69 583.69 635.933 69 615.952 395 93 633.202 633.202 633.202 635.967 1 583.96 583.642 634.25 583.63 633.368 635.659 6 Dewey Decimal Classification Pearl millet N botany N food crop Pears botany orchard crop Peas botany field crop garden crop Peas (Pisum sativum) botany field crop garden crop Pecans agriculture botany Pedaliaceae N Peganaceae Ia Pelargoniums botany floriculture N Pellicieraceae Pʻen ching N Penaeaceae Penjing E Pennantiaceae Penstemon botany floriculture N Pentadiplandraceae E Pentaphragmataceae Pentaphylacaceae N Penthoraceae Ia Peonies botany floriculture Peperomias Pepos N botany N Pepper bushes Pepperbushes Peppers P botany Peppers (Piperaceae) botany Peppers (Solanaceae) botany Perennials (Plants) floriculture Perfume-producing plants agriculture Peridiscaceae N Peripterygiaceae Periwinkles (Plants) botany Persimmons botany orchard crop Personales Persoonia Peruvian lily botany floriculture Pesticides N forestry E Petenaea P Petenaeaceae Petermanniaceae P Petrosaviaceae P Petrosaviales Petunias botany floriculture Phalaenopsis P botany floriculture Phalarideae P Phalaris Phareae Pharmacodynamics see Manual at 615.7 vs. 615.9 Pharmacokinetics see Manual at 615.7 vs. 615.9 E Phellinaceae N Phellineaceae Philesiaceae Philodendrons botany floriculture Philydraceae Phloxes botany floriculture N Phrymaceae E Phyllanthaceae N Phyllonomaceae E Physenaceae Phytolaccaceae Pickaback plants P Picramniaceae P Picramniales N Picrodendraceae Ia Pierce’s disease Pileas 584.924 633.171 7 583.642 634.13 583.63 633.3 635.65 583.63 633.37 635.656 634.52 583.65 583.96 583.75 635.933 72 635.933 72 583.72 635.933 72 583.93 635.977 2 583.73 635.977 2 583.988 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 583.78 583.983 583.93 583.44 635.933 44 635.933 44 583.44 635.933 44 584.284 583.66 583.93 583.93 583.959 3 584.284 583.959 3 635.932 633.81 54 583.44 583.982 583.956 583.93 634.45 583.96 583.38 635.934 6 584.6 635.934 6 634.969 5 583.76 583.76 584.6 584.48 584.48 635.933 959 3 583.959 3 635.933 959 3 584.72 584.72 635.934 72 584.926 584.926 584.922 583.983 583.983 584.6 635.934 442 584.442 635.934 442 584.86 635.933 93 583.93 635.933 93 583.96 583.69 583.982 583.88 583.883 583.44 583.745 583.745 583.69 634.822 583.648 Relative Index P Pimento (Myrtaceae) 641.338 3 P botany 583.732 see also Spices Pimientos (Peppers) botany 583.959 3 Pine beetles forestry pests 634.975 167 63 Pineapples botany 584.98 fiber crop 633.576 horticulture 634.774 Pines forestry 634.975 1 ornamental arboriculture 635.977 52 Pinks (Flowers) 635.933 883 botany 583.883 floriculture 635.933 883 Ia Pinks (Plants) 583.883 Piperaceae 584.284 Piperales 584.284 N pharmaceuticals N industry 338.476 153 242 84 Pipeworts 584.96 Pistachios agriculture 634.574 botany 583.75 Pitcher plants 583.887 Pitcher plants (New World) 583.93 Pitcher plants (Old World) 583.887 Pittosporaceae 583.988 Plane trees 583.38 P botany 583.38 forestry 634.973 38 ornamental arboriculture 635.977 338 Plant breeding forestry 634.956 Plant propagation forestry 634.956 5 Plant training 635.915 46 N floriculture Plantaginaceae 583.96 Ia Plantago 583.96 Plantagos 583.96 Plantain lilies 635.934 79 botany 584.79 floriculture 635.934 79 Plantains (Fruits) botany 584.88 horticulture 634.773 P Plantains (Plantaginaceae) 583.96 Plantation crops 633 Ia Plants 580 580 arts T3C—364 Ia Plants (continued) botany food source see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 Ia Miscellanea paleobotany Ia Plants, Fossil Platanaceae N Plocospermataceae P Plumbaginaceae Plumbaginales Ia Plumeria P botany floriculture Plums botany orchard crop Poaceae Poales paleobotany N Podoaceae N Podophyllaceae P Podostemaceae Podostemales Poinsettias botany floriculture Poison hemlocks Poison ivies Ia Poison ivy Ia Poison oak P Poison oaks Ia Poison sumac Pokeweed Polemoniaceae Polemoniales P Polygalaceae Polygalales Polygonaceae Polygonales Ia Polyradicion N Pomaceous fruits botany orchard crops Pomegranates agriculture botany P Pondweeds (Potamogetonaceae) Pontederiaceae 55 580 580 561 561 583.38 583.96 583.88 583.88 583.956 583.956 583.956 635.933 956 583.642 634.22 584.92 584.9 561.49 583.75 583.34 583.69 583.69 635.933 69 583.69 635.933 69 583.988 2 583.75 583.75 583.75 583.75 583.75 583.883 583.93 583.93 583.63 583.63 583.888 583.888 584.72 584.72 583.642 634.1 634.64 583.73 584.447 584.86 Dewey Decimal Classification Pooideae P botany forage crops Popcorn garden crop Poplars P botany forestry ornamental arboriculture Ia Poppies botany floriculture narcotic crop Populus Portulacaceae Portulacas Posidoniaceae Pot gardening N Potaliaceae Potamogetonaceae P Potamogetonales Potatoes agriculture botany N Pothos Potted plants houseplants Potted trees houseplants Ia Potting places Ia Potting sheds N floriculture N Prairie rose Prayer plant botany floriculture Predation (Biology) plants Prescribed burning forestry Ia Pride-of-Barbados (Plant) Ia Ia Primroses P botany floriculture Primulaceae Primulales Primulas P botany floriculture 584.926 584.926 633.2 Privets botany floriculture Problem soils floriculture Proso N botany N food crop Proteaceae Proteales Ia Proteales, Fossil Proteas botany floriculture Pruning fruit crops horticulture ornamental arboriculture ornamental plants Ia Psychotropic plants N N Psyllium (Plant) Ia Psyllium (Plants) P Pteridophyllaceae N Pterostemonaceae Pulpwood forest product Pumpkins botany garden crop N Punicaceae P Purslanes (Portulacaceae) E Putranjivaceae Pyracanthas botany floriculture N Pyrolaceae 635.677 583.69 583.69 634.972 3 635.977 369 583.35 635.933 35 583.35 635.933 35 633.75 583.69 583.883 583.883 584.44 635.986 583.956 584.447 584.44 635.21 583.959 3 584.442 635.986 635.965 635.977 635.965 635.986 635.915 2 635.915 2 583.644 635.934 88 584.88 635.934 88 635.933 963 583.963 635.933 963 635.955 584.924 633.171 7 583.38 583.38 561.3 635.933 38 583.38 635.933 38 634.044 2 635.044 2 635.977 635.915 42 581.6 581.6 583.96 583.96 583.35 583.44 634.983 583.66 635.62 583.73 583.883 583.69 635.933 642 583.642 635.933 642 583.93 Q 575.99 634.955 583.63 635.933 63 583.93 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 583.93 583.93 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 P Queen Anne’s lace (Apiaceae) Quercoideae N Quiinaceae P Quillajaceae Quinces botany orchard crop Quinine medicinal crop 56 583.988 2 583.65 583.69 583.63 583.642 634.14 633.883 956 Relative Index Redbuds botany ornamental arboriculture Reduced cultivation methods N garden crops Redwood (Sequoia) forestry Reeds P botany N fiber crop Reforestation silviculture Reproduction E Rosales Resedaceae Resin-producing plants agriculture P Restionaceae Restionales Retarding (Plants) floriculture gardening Retziaceae E Rhabdodendraceae Rhamnaceae Rhamnales Rhizophoraceae Ia Rhododendrons R Radishes botany garden crop Raffia N fiber crop E Raffia palm Rafflesiaceae Rafflesiales Ragweeds Ragworts Ramie botany fiber crop Ranales Range management forage agriculture N forestry Ia Rangeland health Ia Ranger stations N forestry P Ranunculaceae Ia Ranunculales N Ranunculidae Rapateaceae Rapes (Plants) P botany oil crop Rapeseed oil crop Ia Rare bryophytes N Ia Rare mosses N Raspberries botany horticulture Rattan basketwork crop Ia Rattan palms E P Rattans Rauwolfias P botany N medicinal crops Ia Rectory gardens N Red clover N botany N forage crop Red peppers botany 583.78 635.15 633.58 584.84 583.69 583.69 583.983 583.983 583.648 633.55 583.34 633.202 634.99 633.202 634.93 634.93 583.34 583.34 583.34 583.34 584.9 583.78 583.78 633.853 P botany floriculture Ia Varieties Rhoeadales N Rhoipteleaceae N Rhopalocarpaceae Rhubarb botany garden crop Ribes P botany horticulture Ricciaceae Rice botany food crop Ia Ricegrasses E Ripogonaceae Riverweeds Roads forestry Rock gardens Rock melon N garden crop Rockroses 633.853 588.168 588.168 588.216 8 588.216 8 583.642 634.711 633.58 584.84 584.84 584.84 583.956 583.956 633.883 956 635 633.327 583.63 633.327 583.959 3 57 635.977 363 4 583.634 635.977 363 4 635.048 1 634.975 8 584.92 584.92 633.58 634.956 575.623 64 583.78 633.895 584.9 584.9 635.982 635.048 3 583.96 583.88 583.646 583.646 583.69 583.93 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 635.933 93 583.34 583.65 583.77 583.888 635.48 583.44 583.44 634.72 588.3 584.92 633.18 584.92 584.6 583.69 634.93 635.967 2 635.611 7 583.77 Dewey Decimal Classification Roof gardening Root crops agriculture N Roridulaceae P Rosa (Plant) N Rosaceae Rosales E reproduction Rose apples Ia Rose culture E Rose of Sharon (Hypericaceae) P Rose of Sharon (Malvaceae) P botany P floriculture Rosemary botany Roses botany floriculture Ia Varieties Rosidae P Rosids E Rousseaceae Rowan trees Rubber plant (Ficus) botany floriculture rubber crop Ia Rubber plantations Rubber tree (Hevea) botany rubber crop Rubiaceae P Rubus Rubus berries botany Rues (Plants) Ruppiaceae Ruscaceae Rushes P botany N fiber crop Rutabagas botany garden crop N Rutaceae E Rutales Rye botany food crop forage crop 635.967 1 635.1 635.1 583.93 583.644 583.642 583.64 575.623 64 583.732 635.933 644 583.69 635.933 775 583.775 635.933 775 S Ia Sabal Sabiaceae Safflower P Saffron (Spice) Sage (Lamiaceae) P botany Sagebrushes Sago starch crop Ia Saguaro N Saint-John’s-bread N orchard crop Ia Salacca Salad greens garden crop Ia Salak N horticulture Salicaceae P Salicales Salix Salsify botany garden crop N Salvadoraceae Ia Sanctuary gardens Sandalwood botany forestry Ia Sandpuffs Ia Sandy soil gardening N floriculture Sandy soils floriculture Sansevierias Santalaceae Santalales Sap forest product Ia Sapindaceae 583.96 635.933 644 583.644 635.933 644 635.933 644 583.6 583.6 583.983 583.642 635.933 648 583.648 635.933 648 633.895 633.895 2 633.895 2 583.69 633.895 2 583.956 583.642 583.642 583.75 584.44 584.79 584.95 584.95 633.58 583.78 635.126 583.75 583.75 Sapindales Sapodilla see also Sapotaceae Sapotaceae P botany edible fruits orchard crop E Sapotilla see also Sapotaceae E Sarcobataceae N Sarcolaenaceae 584.926 633.14 633.254 58 584.84 583.37 583.983 584.75 583.96 583.983 633.68 583.885 583.885 634.46 584.84 635.5 634.77 634.77 583.69 583.69 583.69 583.983 635.16 583.78 635.9 583.85 634.973 85 583.883 635.955 635.955 635.955 584.79 583.85 583.85 634.986 583.75 583.75 583.75 583.93 583.93 583.93 634.43 583.93 583.88 583.77 Relative Index N Sargentodoxaceae Sarraceniaceae Sarraceniales Sarsaparillas Sassafras botany N Saurauiaceae Saururaceae Ia Savory Ia Saxifragaceae Saxifragales Saxifrages P botany floriculture Scale mosses Scheuchzeriaceae Schisandraceae Schizanthuses botany floriculture E Schlegeliaceae N Schoepfiaceae Scotch broom Screw pines Scrophulariaceae Scrophulariales N Scyphostegiaceae N Scytopetalaceae Sea figs Sea lavenders Sedges P botany forage crop Ia Sedum Sedums P botany floriculture Seed-bearing plants see also Plants Seed plants see also Plants Seedlings nursery production forestry planting forestry Seeds forest products nursery production forestry ornamental plants Seeds (continued) sowing forestry ornamental plants Sennas Sensitive plants Sequoias forestry Serviceberries Sesames botany oil crop E Setchellanthaceae Shade plants floriculture Shade-tolerant plants floriculture Shade trees Shallots botany garden crop N Shallu N botany N grain crop P Shamrocks (Fabaceae) P Shamrocks (Oxalidaceae) Shepherd’s purse Shooting stars (Plants) Shrubs floriculture Ia Signalgrass Silage forage crop Silk cotton tree Silk tree Silos Ia Silver sagebrush Ia Silverswords (Plants) Silviculture Simaroubaceae N Simmondsiaceae P Siparunaceae N Siphonodontaceae Sisal botany fiber crop Skunk cabbages E Sladeniaceae Small fruits horticulture Smilacaceae Smilaxes (Asparagaceae) P botany P Smilaxes (Smilacaceae) 583.34 583.93 583.93 584.6 584.288 583.93 584.284 583.96 633.82 583.44 583.44 583.44 583.44 635.933 44 588.3 584.44 584.24 635.933 959 3 583.959 3 635.933 959 3 583.96 583.85 583.63 584.55 583.96 583.96 583.69 583.93 583.883 583.88 584.94 584.94 633.26 583.44 583.44 583.44 635.933 44 580 580 634.956 2 634.956 5 634.987 634.956 2 635.915 21 59 634.956 5 635.915 31 583.634 583.633 634.975 8 583.642 583.96 583.96 633.85 583.78 635.954 3 635.954 3 635.977 584.78 635.26 633.174 7 584.924 633.174 7 583.63 583.68 583.78 583.93 635.976 584.92 633.2 583.775 583.633 633.208 68 583.983 583.983 634.95 583.75 583.88 584.288 583.67 584.79 633.577 584.442 583.93 634.7 584.6 584.79 584.6 Dewey Decimal Classification Smoke trees (Anacardiaceae) Smoke trees (Fabaceae) Smuts N disease of corn Ia Snags (Forestry) Snake plants Snap beans botany Snapdragons botany floriculture Snow-on-the-mountain (Plant) Snowballs (Plants) botany floriculture Soapberries Soft-fiber crops Softwoods forestry Soil factors floriculture P Sojas see also Soybeans Solanaceae P Solanales N Sonneratiaceae Sorghum sugars N agriculture Sorghum syrup N agriculture Sorghums botany forage crop grain crop syrup crop Sorgo forage crop syrup crop Sorrel (Polygonaceae) botany garden crop Sour gums (Plants) Sourwood P Soyas see also Soybeans P Soybeans botany field crop garden crop Spanish moss Ia Spanish moss industry N 583.75 583.63 Spanish plums botany N orchard crop N Sparganiaceae Sparganium Ia Spearmint Ia Ia Species diversity 633.159 493 634.95 584.79 583.63 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 583.69 635.933 987 583.987 635.933 987 583.75 633.5 Ia Species pools Ia Spelt Spermatophyta see also Plants Sphaerosepalaceae Sphenocleaceae Spices agriculture food P Spider flowers Spider lilies botany floriculture Spiderflowers (Capparaceae) Spiderworts Spike rushes Spinach botany garden crop Spireas botany floriculture Sporoboleae P Sporobolus Spring-flowering plants floriculture Ia Springboards (Logging) Spruce budworm forest pest Spruces forestry Spurge laurel Spurges (Euphorbiaceae) Squashes botany garden crop Stachyuraceae N Stackhousiaceae Staff trees Staphyleaceae Star anise botany 634.975 635.955 583.63 583.959 3 583.959 583.73 633.62 633.62 584.924 584.924 633.257 4 633.174 633.62 633.62 633.257 4 633.62 583.888 635.56 583.92 583.93 583.63 583.63 583.63 633.34 635.655 584.98 338.475 849 8 338.475 849 8 60 583.75 634.44 584.99 584.99 583.96 633.82 577 577 577 577 633.11 580 583.77 583.959 641.338 3 633.83 641.338 3 583.38 635.934 78 584.78 635.934 78 583.78 584.86 584.94 583.883 635.41 635.933 642 583.642 635.933 642 584.92 584.92 635.953 634.980 284 634.975 267 8 634.975 2 583.77 583.69 583.66 635.62 583.742 583.67 583.67 583.742 584.24 Relative Index Star apples P botany floriculture see also Sapotaceae Starch crops P Stegnospermataceae Ia Stem vegetables garden crops Stemonaceae E Stemonuraceae Stephanotises P Sterculia Sterculiaceae Stewartia E Stilbaceae Stipeae Stocks (Matthiola) Stone fruits botany orchard crops Stone plants Stonecrops P Storaxes (Styracaceae) Strasburgeriaceae Strawberries botany horticulture Street trees E Strelitziaceae Streptochaeteae Stylidiaceae N Stylobasiaceae P Stylobasium Styracaceae Subtropical fruits orchard crops Succulent plants floriculture Sudan grass Sugar agriculture Sugar beets agriculture botany Sugar crops Sugar maple botany syrup crop Ia Sugarberry Sugarcane agriculture botany Sumacs 583.93 583.93 635.933 93 Summer-flowering plants floriculture Ia Sundews 633.68 583.883 635.3 635.3 584.55 583.982 583.956 583.775 583.775 583.93 583.96 584.926 583.78 Ia Sunflowers P botany floriculture Sunlight-favoring plants floriculture Sunn hemp N fiber crop P Surianaceae Ia Sustainable forestry Ia Sustainable horticulture N Sweet bay botany Sweet clovers botany forage crop Sweet corn garden crop Sweet gale Sweet gums P botany forestry ornamental arboriculture Sweet peas (Flowers) botany floriculture Sweet peppers botany garden crop Sweet potatoes agriculture botany food Sweet sorghums P Sweetleaf (Symplocaceae) Ia Swiss chard Sword lilies botany floriculture P Sycamores (Platanaceae) P botany P forestry P ornamental arboriculture Symplocaceae Ia Synanthropic plants N Syringas Syrup crops 583.642 634.2 583.883 583.44 583.93 583.742 583.642 634.75 635.977 584.88 584.92 583.983 583.63 583.63 583.93 634.6 635.952 5 584.924 633.6 633.63 633.63 583.883 633.6 633.64 583.75 633.64 583.648 633.61 633.61 584.924 583.75 61 635.953 583.887 583.887 583.983 583.983 583.983 635.933 983 635.954 633.56 583.63 634.92 635.048 635.048 584.288 633.366 583.63 633.366 635.672 583.65 583.44 583.44 634.973 44 635.977 344 635.933 63 583.63 635.933 63 583.959 3 635.643 641.352 2 635.22 583.959 641.352 2 633.62 583.93 635.42 635.934 75 584.75 635.934 75 583.38 583.38 634.973 38 635.977 338 583.93 581.6 581.6 583.92 633.6 Dewey Decimal Classification E Theligonales P Theligonum N Theophrastaceae Thistles E Thomandersiaceae Thrifts (Plants) botany floriculture Thurniaceae Thyme botany P Thymelaeaceae Thymelaeales P Thysanolaena Thysanolaeneae E Ticodendraceae Tigerflowers botany P Tilia Tiliaceae Timber see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 Timothy (Grass) botany forage crop Ia Tobacco Ia agriculture botany human toxicology P Tofieldiaceae Ia Tomatillo Ia N Tomatoes botany garden crop N Toricelliaceae P Torricelliaceae P Touch-me-nots (Balsaminaceae) N Tovariaceae Toxicology medicine see Manual at 615.7 vs. 615.9 Tracheophytes see also Plants Ia Traditional ecological knowledge N Trapaceae N Trapellaceae Tree crops Tree farms Ia Water requirements Tree lily T N Taccaceae E Talinaceae Tallow tree Tamaricaceae Tamaricales Tamarind botany orchard crop Tamarisk Tannins agricultural production Tapioca food P Tapisciaceae Taro botany starch crop Ia Taro leaf blight Tarragon N botany Taxonomic biology plants Taxonomic nomenclature see Manual at 579–590 N Taxonomic paleobotany Tea agriculture botany Ia Tea roses Teak botany forestry Teasels Tecophilaeaceae Telopea Tequila (Plant) N Ternstroemiaceae Terrariums floriculture Terrestrial ecology N Tetracarpaeaceae N Tetracentraceae E Tetrachondraceae E Tetramelaceae Tetrameristaceae Textile plants (Living organisms) see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 Textiles field crops Thatch grasses Theaceae Theales 584.52 583.88 583.69 583.88 583.88 583.63 634.46 583.88 633.87 641.336 82 641.336 82 583.76 584.442 633.68 633.68 583.983 580 561 633.72 583.93 635.933 644 583.96 634.973 96 583.987 584.7 583.38 584.79 583.93 635.982 4 577 583.44 583.393 583.96 583.66 583.93 633.5 584.924 583.93 583.93 62 583.956 583.956 583.93 583.983 583.96 635.933 88 583.88 635.933 88 584.95 583.96 583.77 583.77 584.92 584.92 583.65 584.75 583.775 583.775 633.24 584.926 633.24 583.959 3 633.71 633.71 583.959 3 615.952 395 93 584.44 583.959 3 635.64 635.64 583.959 3 635.642 583.988 583.988 583.93 583.78 580 577 583.73 583.96 634 634.95 584.55 Relative Index Tree of heaven botany ornamental arboriculture Tree planting ornamental arboriculture Ia Tree spurge Ia Tree stump removal Trees forestry ornamental agriculture Trefoils botany forage crop N Tremandraceae N Tribelaceae Trifolium botany forage crop N Trigoniaceae Ia Trilliaceae Trilliums P botany floriculture Trimeniaceae E Triphyophyllaceae P Triticeae Ia Triuridaceae Triuridales P Trochodendraceae Trochodendrales Tropaeolaceae Ia Tropical fruit Tropical fruits orchard crops Ia Tropical nuts N agriculture Ia Diseases and pests Tropical plants floriculture Truck farming Ia Truffières Ia Truffle culture Truffles agriculture Trumpet creepers botany floriculture Tubers food crops nursery production ornamental plants planting ornamental plants 635.977 375 583.75 635.977 375 634.956 5 635.977 583.69 634.95 Tulip tree P botany forestry Ia Tulips 584.286 584.286 634.974 635.934 69 635.934 69 584.69 635.934 69 583.69 583.92 botany floriculture Tung tree Tupelos Turf floriculture Ia Turf management Turmeric botany see also Spices N Turneraceae Turnips botany garden crop Turpentine agriculture Turtle grass Typha Typhaceae Typhales 634.9 635.977 633.32 583.63 633.32 583.68 583.984 633.32 583.63 633.32 583.69 584.6 584.6 584.6 635.934 6 584.24 583.887 584.926 584.55 584.55 584.55 583.393 583.393 583.78 634.6 635.964 2 635.964 2 641.338 3 584.88 583.69 583.78 635.125 633.895 9 584.445 584.99 584.99 584.99 U Ulmaceae N Umbellales Umbelliferae P Umbrella plant (Cyperaceae) Unicorn plants botany floriculture Upland rice food crop Urban forestry Ia Urban gardening 634.6 634.509 13 634.509 13 634.509 13 635.952 3 635 635.8 635.8 Urticaceae Urticales Useful plants see Manual at 583–585 vs. 600 635.8 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 583.648 583.988 583.988 2 584.94 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 633.179 635.977 635.091 732 635.091 732 583.648 583.648 V N Vaccinium N Vaccinium australe N Vahliaceae N Valerianaceae Valerians 635.2 635.915 26 635.915 32 63 583.93 634.737 583.957 583.987 583.987 Dewey Decimal Classification N Vandas N botany N floriculture Vanillas botany P Varnish trees (Sapindaceae) Vascular plants see also Plants Ia Vegetable amaranths N garden crops Vegetable gardening Vegetables garden crop Velloziaceae N Venus flytrap Venus’s flytrap Verbenaceae Verbenas botany floriculture Ia Vernal grass Vervains botany floriculture Vetches botany forage crop Viburnums botany floriculture Vines floriculture Ia Vineyards Violaceae Violales Ia Violets P botany floriculture Virginia cowslip botany floriculture Virginia creeper Virginia willow Ia Virola (Genus) E N Viscaceae Ia Vitaceae P Vitales Viticulture N Vivianiaceae Vochysiaceae 635.934 72 584.72 635.934 72 W Wallflowers (Plants) Walnuts botany forestry nut crops P Wandering Jews (Plants) Waratahs P Water chestnuts (Lythraceae) Water gardens P Water hyacinths Ia Water lilies P Water lilies (Nymphaeaceae) P botany P floriculture Water plantains Water poppy Watercresses botany garden crop Waterleafs Watermeals Watermelons botany garden crop P Wattles (Fabaceae) P botany forestry ornamental arboriculture Wax myrtles Ia Weedless gardening Weevils N agricultural pests N carrots P West Indian boxwood (Ulmaceae) Ia Wetland forestry Wheat botany food crop forage crop Ia Wheat straw N White clover N botany N forage crop P White mangrove (Combretaceae) Wickerwork plants agriculture Widgeon grass E Wigeon grass Wild cinnamon 584.72 583.75 580 635.4 635.4 635 635 584.55 583.887 583.887 583.96 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 584.92 635.933 96 583.96 635.933 96 633.35 583.63 633.35 635.933 987 583.987 635.933 987 635.974 634.8 583.69 583.69 583.69 583.69 583.69 635.933 69 635.933 958 583.958 635.933 958 583.79 583.44 584.286 584.286 583.85 583.79 583.79 583.79 634.8 583.72 583.73 64 583.78 583.65 634.973 65 634.51 584.86 583.38 583.732 635.967 4 584.86 635.934 23 635.934 23 584.23 635.934 23 584.44 584.44 583.78 635.56 583.958 584.442 583.66 635.615 583.633 583.633 634.973 633 635.977 363 3 583.65 635.048 1 635.139 768 583.648 634.9 584.926 633.11 633.251 633.11 633.327 583.63 633.327 583.73 633.58 584.44 584.44 584.282 Relative Index Wild flowers floriculture P Wild mango (Irvingiaceae) Ia Wild rice P botany food crop Wild sarsaparilla Willows N basketwork plants P botany ornamental arboriculture Window-box gardens Window gardening Ia Wine districts Winter-flowering plants floriculture Ia Winter garden plants N floriculture Winteraceae Wintergreens Winter’s bark Wisterias botany floriculture Witch hazels (Plants) Wolfsbanes Wood-decaying fungi N forestry Wood sorrels Woodlots agroforestry Wormwood P botany Z 635.967 6 583.69 584.92 584.92 584.92 633.178 583.988 583.69 633.58 583.69 635.977 369 635.967 8 635.967 8 634.8 E Zannichelliaceae P Zebra plant (Marantaceae) P botany P floriculture Zingiberaceae Zingiberales Zinnias botany P floriculture Zosteraceae Zoysieae Zygophyllaceae P Zygophyllales 635.953 635.953 635.953 584.282 583.93 584.282 635.933 63 583.63 635.933 63 583.44 583.34 634.964 583.68 634.99 583.983 X Xanthorrhoeaceae P Xeronemataceae Xyridaceae 584.77 584.7 584.9 Y P Yams (Convolvulaceae) P botany Yams (Dioscorea) agriculture P botany Yellow-eyed grass Yellow poplar forestry Ia Yoco Yuccas 641.352 2 583.959 635.23 584.52 584.9 584.286 634.974 583.75 584.79 65 584.447 635.934 88 584.88 635.934 88 584.88 584.88 635.933 983 583.983 635.933 983 584.44 584.92 583.62 583.62
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