Getting the Geo into Geomet
Karin O. Hoal (SEG 1998 F) Director, Advanced Mineralogy Research Center and Research Professor,
Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado USA 80401;
e-mail, [email protected]
INTRODUCTION
characterization and geometallurgy
into their academic programs. Of note
are the universities of Johannesburg
and Cape Town in South Africa, Western
Australia and Tasmania in Australia,
McGill in Canada, Universidad Católica
in Chile, and Colorado School of Mines
(CSM) in the United States. At CSM,
mineral characterization forms a part
of the Advanced Mineralogy Research
Center (Fig. 1) and related courses. This
newsletter contribution relates our
recent experiences incorporating
geometallurgy into resource extraction
discussions. While mining forms a key
part of our activities, research in oil and
gas, environmental, health, and planetary areas also provide insights of benefit to mining projects.
A consensus has developed in recent
years that the integration of geology
with extractive processing aids in process optimization and improves project
efficiencies. The term “geometallurgy”
DEFINING GEOMET
has been re-introduced to describe a
At CSM, students from geology, metalgeology-metallurgy data stream.
lurgy, mineral economics, and mining
Geometallurgy has been variably
participated in an interdepartmental
defined and it has become a predomigeomet course that began with
nantly metallurgical term of late. This
overviews of geology, mineralogy, minis because metallurgists, acknowledging
ing, mineral processing, and metallurgy
that rock and mineral relationships are
to establish commonalities of language
important to process flowsheets, now
and thought, the absence
incorporate inspection of drill core into
to page 11 . . .
of which was an initial
a geomet-determined predictive
metallurgy model. In so doing,
however, the wealth of geologic
and mineralogical information
generated early in a project is
commonly ignored. Geometallurgy
can instead be viewed as an integrated method to develop the geologic framework of a project, transfer that information in processing
terms, and maintain a geologic
presence throughout the life of a
project.
A number of educational instiFIGURE 1. Geometallurgy research and classes are being developed at a number of institutions
tutions around the world are
and are a key part of the Advanced Mineralogy Research Center at Colorado School of Mines.
beginning to incorporate mineral
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APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG
SEG NEWSLETTER
Contents
FEATURE ARTICLE
1 Getting the Geo into Geomet
NEWSLETTER
Nº 73 — APRIL 2008
EXECUTIVE EDITOR
Brian G. Hoal
NEWS EDITOR
Alice Bouley
PRODUCTION MANAGER
NEWSLETTER COLUMNS
4 From the Executive Director: Summary of Activities for the Year 2007
7 Presidential Perspective: The Exploration Crisis – An Industry Perspective
8 SEGF Presidential Perspective: SEGF Support for a New Generation Continues
8–9 Contributions
10 From the Treasurer: Year-End Summary
Christine Horrigan
SEG NEWS
16 2007 SEG International Exchange Lecture Tour
18 Geocon 2007, Manila, Philippines
19 New Journal Editor Announced
20 Mentoring: Our Science and Our Industry Depend on Our People
22 SEG Foundation Student Field Trip, January 2008
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MEMBERSHIP
35 SEG Membership: Candidates and New Fellows, Members and Student Members
39 SEG/SEGF Officers & Committees list for 2008
40 Drs. B.J. Skinner and J.A. Thoms Awarded Honorary Fellowships
41 Personal Notes & News
42 SEG Announcements & Deadlines
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ANNOUNCEMENTS
10 Gold of the North Pacific Rim Conference, Russia
10 PACRIM Congress 2008, Australia
43 33rd International Geological Congress, Norway
44 Terry Leach Symposium 2008, Australia
45 Gordon Research Conference on Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits
Global Metal Resources: Geological Processes in Space and Time, Italy
45 XXVII Latin American Metallogeny Course, Bolivia
45 Northwest Mining Association, USA
49 XIII Latin-American Geological Congress / XIV Peruvian Geological Congress, Peru
50-51 SEG–GSSA 2008 Conference, South Africa
52 Support Your Society –
Advertise in the SEG Quarterly Newsletter (back cover)
52 SEG Contact Information (back cover)
PUBLICATIONS
46-47 Publications Order Form
CALENDAR
48 Calendar
ADVERTISERS —
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6
44
44
26
2
Actlabs, Ltd. (inside front cover)
Animas Resources
Anzman, Joseph R.
Big Sky Geophysics
DeRuyter, Vernon
Exploration with Aster
(inside front cover)
44 Geocon, Inc.
2
38
26
19
6
38
42
19
Geosense (inside front cover)
Kuhn, Paul W.
Laravie, Joseph A.
LTL Petrographics
Mining Activity Update
Petrographic Consultants Intl.
Precambrian Research Center
Recursos del Caribe S.A.
48 Resource Geosciences de Mexico
2 SGS (inside front cover)
44 Shea Clark Smith
48 Sinclair Knight Merz
21 Spectral International, Inc.
21 Zonge Engineering & Research
4
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Summary of Activities for the Year 2007
NEW OFFICERS
In the August election of officers for
January 2008, the membership elected
the following individuals: John F. H.
Thompson as President-Elect, Eric
Seedorff as Vice President for Student
Affairs, and Benoît Dubé, Ferenc
Molnár, and Ricardo D. Presnell as
Councilors. Separately, the Vice
President of Regional Affairs, Antonio
Arribas R., selected Xuanxue Mo as
Regional Vice President for Asia, taking
over from Yasushi Watanabe in July
2007, and Timothy Baker as Regional
Vice President for Australasia.
MEMBERSHIP
As of December 31, 2007, SEG membership in all categories totaled 4,465,
about 9.4% higher than last year and
the highest count in the Society’s history. Members are currently distributed
through 86 countries worldwide, compared with 87 countries at the end of
last year. Nearly two-thirds of the
membership works for industry (corporate and self-employed); the remainder for academia and government.
Approximately 64% of our members
are from three countries—namely, the
United States (32%), Canada (19%),
and Australia (14%). About 82% of new
applicants are from outside the USA,
with the bulk of applications coming
from South America (27%), Canada
(18%), and Australasia (13%). For the
year, the Society has processed 762 new
applications (5 Fellows, 500 Members,
and 257 Student Memberships). In addition, 44 Members upgraded to
Fellowship.
The Society currently has 49 Student
Chapters located in Canada (15), the
U.S.A. (10), Australia (4), Peru (2),
United Kingdom (2), Switzerland (2),
Argentina (2), South Africa (1), France
(1), Germany (1), Bulgaria (2), Hungary
(1), Mexico (1), Greece (1), Russia (1),
Chile (2), and Ukraine (1). An estimated
35 chapters are considered to be active.
Students make up about 12.5% of the
membership, an historic high.
The SEG Foundation continues to
provide important subsidies required to
sustain special membership classes such
as Students, Senior Fellows, and
Lindgren Awardees.
CONFERENCES, FIELD TRIPS,
AND SHORT COURSES
In 2007, the Society organized, sponsored, or participated in the following
conferences, workshops, symposia, field
courses, and field trips:
• SEG was an exhibitor at the AME BC
Mineral Exploration Roundup in
Vancouver, Canada, January 29February 1, 2007. 6,016 delegates
attended this event entitled,
“Leading the World in Exploration.”
• SEG co-sponsored a short course entitled, “Joint Modular Course in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits,” in Ottawa,
Ontario, Canada, February 17-24,
2007. The course featured four 2-day
modules by J. Hedenquist, D. Kontak,
M. Hannington, and L. Meinert.
• SEG was present at the SME Annual
Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA,
February 25-28, 2007. SEG-SME technical program chair, George F.
Sanders, Jr. coordinated the geology
technical sessions. SEG was also an
exhibitor.
• SEG was an exhibitor at the PDAC
convention, March 4-7, 2007. This
event attracted an estimated 17,000
delegates, including 280 exhibitors.
The SEG Council, Foundation
Trustees, Executive Committee, and
Program Committee held meetings
at the Radisson Admiral Harbourfront
Hotel in Toronto, March 2-4, 2007.
• The SEG-Dalhousie University-St.
Mary’s University Student Chapter
presented a short course entitled,
“Uranium Geochemistry: Drinking
Water, Environment, Exploration
and Mining,” for geoscience students
and professionals. The course was
held on May 17-18, 2007, at the
Dalhousie University, Canada.
• SEG was an exhibitor at the 43rd
Forum on the Geology of Industrial
Minerals, May 20-25, 2007 in Boulder,
Colorado, hosted by the Colorado
Geological Society. The booth was
manned by James R. Piper.
• SEG Gold Deposit Workshop, “New
Developments and Exploration,” was
held pre-ProExplo in Lima, Peru,
May 21-22, 2007. The speakers for
this two-day workshop were Steve
Garwin, Richard Goldfarb, Craig
Hart, and Noel White. William X.
•
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Chávez, Jr.
translated the
workshop into
Spanish for
attendees.
SEG was an
BRIAN G. HOAL
exhibitor at the
SEG Executive Director
and Editor
ProExplo Meeting in Lima,
Peru, May 2225, 2007—“Exploration: Provider of
Mineral Resources and Creator of
Wealth.” The booth was manned by
Regional Vice President for Latin
America, Isidoro Schalamuk, and his
wife, Doris. They signed up many
new members and experienced significant publication sales.
SEG 2007 Regional VP Lecturer,
Nikolay A. Goryachev, gave a presentation at the Tectonics and
Metallogeny of the Circum-North
Pacific and Eastern Asia Leonid
Parfenov Memorial Conference, June
11-16, 2007, in Khabarovsk, Far East
Russia. The SEG was also an
exhibitor at this event.
SEG co-sponsored the UNESCO-SEGSGA Latin American Metallogeny
Short Course, June 25-July 7, 2007, in
Mexico City, Mexico. The theme this
year was “Active and Fossil Hydrothermal Systems and Related Ore
Deposits.”
The SEG was an exhibitor at the
International Hutton Conference,
July 2-6, 2007, in Stellenbosch, South
Africa. Judith Kinnaird, Regional
Vice President-Africa, ran the booth.
SEG participated in the GeoForum
2007, July 11-13, 2007, in Halfway
House, South Africa. SEG was an
exhibitor and sponsored a student
event entitled, “Targeting the
Future.” Judith Kinnaird, SEG
Regional Vice President for Africa,
coordinated the events.
The SEG-CODES Student Chapter
organized a field trip to the Kyushu
district of southern Japan to study
epithermal gold mineralization,
hydrothermal analogs, and associated volcanic activity, July 21-26,
2007, in Kyushu, Japan.
SEG co-sponsored the 9th SGA
Biennial Conference, “Mineral
Exploration and Research: Digging
Deeper,” August 20-24, 2007, in
APRIL 2008 • No 73
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Dublin, Ireland. SEG’s technical session was entitled, “Compressional
Tectonics, Expanding Resources:
Exploration Advances in the Tethyan
Belt.” Conveners of the sessions wer:
Vertrees M. “Mac” Canby, Duncan
Large, Ferenc Molnár, and Robert
Moritz. SEG was also an exhibitor,
bringing in a number of new members and significant publication sales.
The SEG-CSM Student Chapter organized a wide-ranging field trip to
visit geologic highlights and a number of mines in South Africa and
Namibia, July 25-August 17, 2007.
They held a joint function in
Johannesburg with the SEG Student
Chapter at the University of
Witwatersrand.
SEG exhibited at the Geological
Society of South Africa’s “Diamonds
in Kimberley” Symposium in Kimberley, South Africa, on August 23-24,
2007. The SEG booth was run by
Brian and Karin Hoal. The first CD of
the new SEG publication Compilation
Series was introduced, on the topic,
Diamonds and Kimberlites: 1905-2007.
The SEG-Queen’s University Student
Chapter in Kingston, Ontario,
Canada, organized a field trip to visit
the diverse metallogenic districts of
Minas Gerais, Brazil, August 25September 8, 2007.
The SEG was involved with the
Geological Society of London
Bicentennial Meeting, September 1012, 2007, in London, England, with
keynote presentations given by SEG
Past Presidents Richard Sillitoe and
Jim Franklin.
SEG co-sponsored the AGS 2007 Ores
& Orogenesis Symposium, September
24-30, 2007, in Tucson, Arizona,
USA. In conjunction with Ores &
Orogenesis (Circum-Pacific Tectonics,
Geologic Evolution, and Ore Deposits
—a symposium in honor of William
R. Dickinson), SEG presented a symposium on “Advances in the Understanding of Supergene Processes” as
well as a pre-symposium field trip to
classic porphyry copper occurrences
of the American Southwest. The very
successful SEG symposium was organized by M. Stephen Enders and
Spence Titley and the field trips, by
Ralph Stegen and Spence Titley. The
SEG was also an exhibitor at this
meeting, signing up a surprising
number of new members for a
U.S.-based meeting and experiencing
high demand for our publications.
SEG NEWSLETTER
• SEG exhibited at the 27th International
Mining Convention in Veracruz,
Mexico, October 10-13, 2007. Regional
VP for Latin America, Isidoro
Schalamuk, handled the booth sales.
• SEG Gold Workshop on “Gold Deposits: Geology, New Developments
and Exploration” was held pre-World
Gold 2007 Conference in Cairns,
Australia, on October 20-21, 2007.
The speakers for this two-day workshop were Steve Garwin, Rich Goldfarb, Craig Hart, and Noel White.
SEG publications were sold at the
workshop.
• SEG Course Center grand opening
was held on October 26, 2007, at SEG
headquarters in Littleton, Colorado,
followed by the inaugural workshop,
“SEG Nickel Course,” on Saturday,
October 27. Stephen J. Barnes and C.
Michael Lesher were the instructors
for this successful, one-day course.
• SEG was an exhibitor and participated in the technical program at
the GSA annual meeting in Denver,
Colorado, October 28-31, 2007. Paul
J. Bartos was the SEG Meeting
Coordinator. Stephen F. Cox, SEG
2007 Distinguished Lecturer, presented his talk entitled, “The Dynamics of Coupling Between Deformation
and Fluid Flow in the Earth’s Crust:
Implications for Ore Genesis” at an
SEG Monday session. The SEG also
exhibited at this meeting and the
SEG Awards Dinner was held on
Sunday, October 28, at the new
Hyatt Regency Denver Hotel, across
from the Colorado Convention Center.
• The SEG was an exhibitor at the 4th
International Symposium on Gondwana to Asia and IAGR Annual Convention in Fukuoka, Japan, November 8-10, 2007. Yasushi Watanabe
coordinated the booth activities.
• The SEG was an exhibitor at the
China Mining 2007 Meeting in
Beijing, China, November 13-15,
2007. Regional VP for Asia, Prof.
Xuanxue Mo, was instrumental in
securing a complimentary booth for
the SEG. Prof. Mo, Rich Goldfarb,
Craig Hart, and Noel White volunteered their time signing up new
members and selling publications at
the booth.
• The SEG was an exhibitor at the
113th NWMA Meeting & Exposition
at the new Convention Center in
Spokane, Washington, December
3-7, 2007. Stuart Simmons, SEG
Publications Board Chair, presented
5
a special technical session at this
meeting.
• Doug Kirwin, SEG Honorary Lecturer,
and Yasushi Watanabe manned the
SEG booth at the Geocon 2007
Meeting in Manila, Philippines,
December 5-7, 2007, bringing in
many new members to the SEG.
PUBLICATIONS
Total sales revenue through December
31st was reported at $178,948 ($280,759
in 2006; $141,356 in 2005). The sales
decline can be attributed to a combination of mature publication products,
especially the 100th Anniversary
Volume and Economic Geology DVD
archive, and the absence of an SEG
stand-alone meeting in 2007. Revenue
is attributed to sales of 15 different
Guidebooks (including 7 CD-ROMs), 14
Reviews volumes (including 5 CDROMs), 11 Special Publications (including 2 CD-ROMs), 3 Monographs, 1
Compilation Series, 17 Videos, 5
Conference Series volumes (including 2
CD-ROMs and 1 DVD), as well as
Economic Geology back issues and Tables
for Opaque Minerals. The most popular
print publication is still the 100th
Anniversary Volume of Economic
Geology, edited by Hedenquist,
Thompson, Goldfarb, and Richards, followed by the new Special Publication
No. 13 on Nickel Deposits of the Yilgarn
Craton, edited by Stephen J. Barnes. The
most popular digital publication is the
Hugo Dummett Memorial Economic
Geology Archive 1905-2004. In the
VHS/DVD series, David Cooke’s Video
No. 17, 1) Breccias in Epithermal and
Porphyry Deposits: The Birth and Death
of Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems,
and 2) The Giant Sediment-Hosted ZnPb-Ag Deposits of Northern Australia,
was the most popular. Sales of publications at exhibit booths brought in about
29% of total publication revenues. The
four scheduled issues of the SEG
Newsletter and eight issues of Economic
Geology were released through
December. These included three journal
issues carried over from 2006. SEG has
introduced a new line of publications,
SEG Compilations. This is a review
series, collecting all noteworthy publications published by SEG (including journal issues published under the
Economic Geology Publishing
Company) on special topics on a
searchable CD-ROM. The
to page 6 . . .
initial offering, vol. 1,
6
SEG NEWSLETTER
...
from
5
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Summary of Activities for the Year 2007 (Continued)
Diamonds and Kimberlites: 1905-2007,
was released in August.
EDUCATION
The SEG Foundation awarded student
research grants worth US$155,600 to 55
applicants, while the SEG Canada
Foundation awarded a total of C$33,500
to nine students. These grants are designed to assist students with field and
laboratory expenses involving the study
of mineral deposits leading to advanced
degrees at accredited universities. A
total of $493,000 was requested by 94
student applicants from 63 universities
and involved projects in 25 different
countries. The 64 award recipients are
based at 35 different universities in 12
countries. A further US$152,500 in new
graduate fellowships was awarded to 12
students pursuing graduate studies in
economic geology at nine different universities in four countries.
AWARDS AND LECTURESHIPS
The SEG Awards Dinner took place on
Sunday, October 28, 2007, at the Hyatt
Regency Denver Hotel across from the
Colorado Convention Center in Denver,
Colorado, from 6:30-11:00 pm.
The following SEG Awards were presented: Penrose Gold Medal to Stephen
E. Kesler (F 76), Silver Medal to Christoph
A. Heinrich (F 90), Ralph E. Marsden
Award to Richard L. Nielsen (SF 73),
Lindgren Award to Thomas Monecke (F
03), and Brian J. Skinner Award to
Cornel E.J. de Ronde (F 93). Current SEG
Traveling Lecturers were also recognized: International Exchange Lecturer
– M. Stephen Enders (F 81), Thayer
Lindsley Lecturer – Jamie J. Wilkinson (F
93), and Regional Vice President
Lecturer – Nikolay A. Goryachev (M 96).
International Exchange Lecturer. M.
Stephen Enders (Newmont Mining
Corporation, Colorado, USA) presented
lectures in Australia (University of W.
Australia, Perth), USA (University of
Nevada, Reno and New Mexico
Institute of Mining & Technology),
Germany (Martin-Luther-University
Halle-Wittenberg), Switzerland (ETH
Zentrum, Zurich, and Université de
Genéve, Genéve), Turkey (Middle East
Technical University, Ankara), Ghana
(University of Ghana, Legon-Accra),
and Suriname (University of Suriname,
Paramaribo).
Thayer Lindsley Lecturer. Jamie J.
Wilkinson (Imperial College of London,
UK) presented lectures in Canada in the
spring (Laurentian University, Sudbury,
Ontario; Queen’s University, Kingston,
Ontario; McGill University, Montreal,
Québec; and Université Laval Québec,
Québec). In the summer, he gave a lecture in Australia at the James Cook University, Queensland. In September, he
gave a talk in Vancouver, Canada, at
the University of British Columbia, and
in October he presented lectures in Chile
(Universidad de Chile, Santiago) and
Peru (Geological Society of Peru, Lima).
Regional Vice President Lecturer. Nikolay
A. Goryachev (Russian Academy of Sciences, Magadan, Russia) presented lectures at the Tectonics and Metallogeny
of the Circum-North Pacific and Eastern
Asia Leonid Parfenov Memorial Conference, June 11-16, 2007 in Khabarovsk,
Far East Russia. In October, he gave two
presentations in London, UK, at the
CERCAMS-10 Workshop (Geodynamics
and Metallogeny of Siberia) co-sponsored by SEG and IGCP-473.
Distinguished Lecturer. Stephen F. Cox
(Professor, The Australian National
University, Canberra, Australia) gave
his Distinguished Lecture during SEG
Session T70, Monday, October 29, 2007
at the GSA Annual Meeting in Denver,
Colorado. Talk title: “The Dynamics of
Coupling Between Deformation and
Fluid Flow in the Earth’s Crust:
Implications for Ore Genesis.” Dr. Cox
also gave two talks at the Colorado
School of Mines in Golden, Colorado on
Thursday, November 1, 2007. Talk
titles: “Paths To Failure: The
Application of Failure Mode Diagrams
in Pore Fluid Factor ~ Differential Stress
Space for Analyzing the Evolution of
Fluid Pressure and Stress States in
Fracture-Controlled Hydrothermal
Systems,” and “What Can Stable
Isotopes Tell Us About the Development
of Fracture-Controlled Flow Systems: An
Example from the Taemas Area of the
Lachlan Orogen, S.E. Australia.” Both
talks are now available on DVD for
publication sales purposes.
Honorary Lecturers. Douglas J. Kirwin
(Ivanhoe Mines, Thailand) and José
Perelló (Antofagasta Minerals, Chile)
joined the list of SEG Honorary
Lecturers. SEG Honorary Lecturer Jeffrey
W. Hedenquist presented a short course,
“Exploration for Epithermal Deposits,
and Transitions to the Porphyry
Environment,” at the University of
Turku in Turku, Finland on October 3031, 2007. Doug Kirwin, also SEG
International Exchange Lecturer for
2006, gave two talks at Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Colorado, on
Monday, October 8, 2007. Titles of those
talks are “Unidirectional Solidification
Textures, Miarolitic Cavities and
Orbicles: Field Evidence for the
Magmatic to Hydrothermal Transition
in Intrusion-Related Mineral Deposits,”
and “Discovery History of the Giant
Oyu Tolgoi Porphyry Copper-Gold
Deposits.” Both talks are now available
for sale on DVD. 1
◆ News Summaries
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APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
7
PRESIDENTIAL PERSPECTIVE
The Exploration Crisis – An Industry Perspective
At the 2006 SEG Conference, Wealth
deposits and to do so as efficiently and
Creation in the Minerals Industry (Keyeffectively as possible, a point stressed
stone Colorado), Chip Goodyear, then
by Chip Goodyear at the SEG ConferCEO of the world’s largest mining comence in Keystone.
pany, BHP Billiton, carefully docuI foresee that in the attempt to meet
mented the declining discovery rate for
this challenge, the direction of economic
world-class base-metal deposits and
geology work is going to change. Thereattributed the adverse trend to the
fore, in this and subsequent Presidential
diminishing number of deposits around
Perspectives I will be exploring the
the world that are amenable to discovchange from the different perspectives
ery by relatively easy prospecting from
of the three main sectors making up the
the surface. He concluded that most
membership of our Society—industry,
important discoveries in the future will
government, and academia.
come at depth and that the challenge is
In this column I start with industry, as
the development of new technologies
it is the mineral exploration industry’s
that will make the disfalling record of success
covery of deep deposits The search for deep ore
that will provide the
more cost effective.1
deposits…will rely increasingly main impetus for
Earlier, at the 2004
change. During the
on geophysical techniques…
SEG conference,
1980s, the petroleum
Predictive Mineral Discovery Under Cover
exploration industry faced a crisis of
(Perth, Western Australia), one of our
poor discovery rates, but this was sucFellows, Mike Etheridge, commented
cessfully turned around through the rigthat mineral discovery rates, especially
orous application of a disciplined riskof world-class deposits, have fallen siganalysis approach to all aspects of
nificantly over the past 15-20 years,
petroleum exploration. While some mindespite increased exploration expeneral explorers are now using a similar
diture, a wide range of new science
approach, it would appear that much
and technology, and unparalleled
more can be done. Petroleum systems,
access to virtually all parts of the
from hydrocarbon sources to accumulaglobe (emphasis added).
tions, are much simpler than mineralThese two observations remain as
forming systems, which means that
valid today as when first presented, and
identifying critical factors in risk-analysis
they highlight a serious failure of our
schema is easier for petroleum exploscience of economic geology. As we
ration than it is for mineral exploration.
move on from celebrating a century of
Nevertheless, our present understanding
economic geology research and achieveof the major ore-forming systems is
ment that is so well summarized in the
impressive, and astute explorers have at
Economic Geology 100th Anniversary
their disposal a wealth of information
Volume, it is clear that the work of the
from which to select factors critical to
last 100 years has been of only limited
assisting in more effective ground selecuse in helping mineral explorers to contion. As the need for better predictors of
fidently predict the whereabouts of yetore location grows, I foresee a growing
to-be-discovered deep deposits. Over the
research emphasis on why known ore
last century we have become very skilled
deposits occur where they do, and where
at describing mineral deposits and their
they do not, in contrast to the present
genesis, but to date we haven’t made
research emphasis on ore-type charactercomparable progress in understanding
ization and genesis.
why deposits occur where they do. This
Because deep ore deposit exploration
applies even for those deposit types for
and mining are more costly than the
which the tectonic setting and geodysearch for and extraction of shallow
namics are reasonably well understood
deposits, the types of deposits targeted
from modern analogues (e.g., porphyry
in deep exploration programs are likely
Cu-Au, epithermal Au). For a number of
to be different from those of shallow
deposit types, even these fundamental
exploration programs. Ideally, the deep
parameters remain contentious.
explorer will want to discover large,
As modern society’s thirst for minhigh-grade deposits; this means that
eral products continues unabated, maranother growing research emphasis will
ket pressures are building for new minbe on the elucidation of the most imporeral discoveries to replace reserves
tant controls on the size and grade of
currently being mined. There is growdeposits, and very importantly, on the
ing pressure on explorers to find new
distribution of ore types with depth.
The search for
deep ore deposits,
like the search for
petroleum, will
rely increasingly
NEIL WILLIAMS
on geophysical
SEG President
techniques and I
2008
foresee a growing
move away from
economic geology’s traditional focus on
mineralogy and geochemistry in favor
of mineral physics and petrophysics.
The explorer of tomorrow will regularly
use exploration models in which the
mineralogy of target deposits and host
rocks is expressed in geophysical terms,
with integrated inversion modelling of
potential field data used to produce
quantitative 3-D subsurface rock-property
maps and to identify targets. Similarly,
greater attention will be placed on the
development of new geophysical exploration methods that are better attuned to
the geophysical characteristics of target
ore types than present technologies.
In the quest for more deeply buried
ore deposits a major cost—and often a
project-limiting constraint—is the cost
of drilling. As in petroleum exploration
industry, I foresee a growing emphasis
on mineral exploration focused on
fewer but better risk-targeted drill holes
and a greater reliance on downhole
geophysical logging tools that are
designed to detect not only adjacent
and nearby mineralization but also
appropriate kinds of alteration indicative of nearby mineralization.
Because petroleum explorers work
with geological packages that do not crop
out, they spend much of their time in
front of computer screens and in 3-D theaters viewing a virtual landscape of geophysical scenery that would have been
impossible to imagine a few decades ago.
Computer-aided visualization tools are
being used increasingly in the mine and
near-mine environment and will no
doubt become an important tool in green
field mineral exploration as well.
In recognition that future mineral
discoveries will involve a growing
dependence on geophysical methods,
our Society must look at how best to
add a geophysical dimension to our
activities to better serve our members.
1 The
Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry
DVD can be purchased online at http://www.
softconference.com/260514, or by calling
Content Management at 1-800-747-8069. 1
8
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
F O U N D AT I O N P R E S I D E N T I A L P E R S P E C T I V E
SEGF Support for a New Generation Continues
For the year 2007, contributions to the
SEG Foundation totaled a record-setting
$549,000, more than doubling the previous high set in 1995. Year-end net
assets of the Foundation also set an alltime high, at $5,336,000. The majority
of the contributions were for the
Discovery Fund, which since inception
just a year ago has grown to a total of
$485,000. The Foundation thanks all of
you who have supported this remarkable campaign.
So far in 2008, metal prices are sustaining the high levels reached in 2007
and, in some cases, have moved even
higher. It’s a special time in our business—one that we’re enjoying and benefiting from. As a result of these special
times, our need for new, well-trained
economic geologists has never been
greater. Through its core student support programs, the Foundation is working to bring a new generation of explorationists into our business and we all
need to help to accomplish this job.
In the first two months of 2008, the
Foundation has received contributions
totaling more than $125,000, which is
an excellent start for the year. Nevertheless, we need to do more and the
SEGF Board of Trustees, together with
the Fundraising Committee, will be
renewing our efforts in this regard. In
particular, in 2008, it is my goal to see
the Discovery Fund reach its funding
target of $1,000,000. We’re about
halfway there and need to get all the
way to fulfill our goal “to encourage
and develop a new generation of economic geologists.” Nothing could be
more important to the Society and it is
up to us to see that this is accomplished.
SEG Foundation activities for 2008
are moving forward with the Trustees
and our various committees carrying
out their responsibilities. Committee
memberships are being modified as
some trustees move on and new ones
replace them. Importantly, continued
contributions support the Foundation’s
various programs. It’s amazing to see
how effectively things happen and to
witness the dedication of our members
in these efforts.
New Trustee Patrick Highsmith will
join both the Nominating Committee,
led by Leendert Krol, and the Fundraising Committee. Patrick’s enthusiasm
and perspectives will be good additions
to both committees. Trustee Barton
Suchomel will represent the Foundation
on the joint SEG-SEGF Investment
Committee, led by George Ireland.
Trustee James Macdonald will be a new
addition to the Fundraising Committee
and bring a broader perspective to our
fund-raising opportunities. Further
appointments to the Fundraising
Committee are under consideration.
Richard Nielsen, who oversees the
Student Research Grants Program, has
reported that 87 research grant proposals have been received this year. This is
down slightly from 2007, but Dick has
commented that the quality of the proposals is even higher than in past years.
The majority of the proposals are from
students in the United States (34),
Canada (22), and Australia (8), but a
total of 16 other countries are repre-
sented by the
remaining 23 proposals. This program has a true
international
reach. The
R ONALD L. P ARRATT
research proposals
SEG Foundation
are now under
President 2008
review, with recommendations
coming soon.
Our support for student research is
one of our larger budget items, at
$185,000, and appropriately so. Our
industry is in need of new economic
geologists and this program not only
encourages their involvement but, more
importantly, provides funding for sound
research, which elevates our overall
knowledge base.
In January of this year, 16 students
from 13 different universities toured
IOCG deposits in northern Chile, sponsored by the SEGF Student Field Trip
Fund. The trip was oversubscribed and as
a result, a “re-run” was held in March,
with 14 students from 13 universities currently planning to attend. This program
is very popular and working very well,
thanks in large part to field trip leaders
Bill Chávez and Erich Petersen. SEGF
Trustee Borden Putnam deserves special
thanks for his vision and efforts in establishing and supporting this program.
The SEGF Trustees met in Toronto on
March 1, 2008, before the PDAC meeting. A discussion of actions, financial
matters, and other items of interest will
be reported in the next Newsletter. 1
Contributions
Thank you for your generous contributions to the Society and the SEG Foundation.
SEG
12/1/07–2/29/08
Perry, Sandra L., USA
Bodnar, Robert, J., USA
Cooper, Christopher, Scotland
Currie, John, K., Chile
David-Alvarez, Jorge T., Peru
Doucet, Dominique, Canada
Goryachev, Nikolay A., Russia
Hitzman, Murray W., USA
Ilchik, Robert P., Australia
Innovest Portfolio Solutions,
USA
Kisvarsanyi, Geza, USA
Mauk, Jeffrey L., New Zealand
Moore, Rosalie, C., Canada
Novajas, Roberto A., Chile
Potucek, Tony L., USA
Poulsen, K. Howard., Canada
Shannon, James R., USA
Shaw, Allen V., USA
Simmons, Stuart F., New
Zealand
Struhsacker, Eric M., USA
Titley, Spencer R., USA
Armstrong, Frank C., USA
Astorga Delgadillo, Carlos E.,
Peru
Bedoya Cruz, Raul, Peru
Belther, Jones, Brazil
Berger, Byron R., USA
Bouabdellah, Mohammed,
Morocco
Bowell, Robert J., Great Britain
Bryndzia, L. Taras, USA
Canby, Vertrees M., Great
Britain
Chirinos Bueno, Fausto J., Peru
Collins, William D., USA
Dawes, Barry, Australia
Dolejs, David, Germany
Fontbote, Lluis, Switzerland
French, Andrew G., Canada
Gostevskikh, Alex V., Canada
Gulden, Thomas, Germany
Halbert, Gary, R., USA
Hawksworth, Mark A., USA
Heinrichs, Walter E. Jr., USA
Hishida, Hajime, Japan
Hite, John B., USA
Kenyon, Keith, South Africa
Koski, Randolph A., USA
Lampietti, Francois J., USA
Libera, Michele D., Italy
Longridge, Luke, South Africa
Mckelvey, Gregory E., USA
Mckinlay, Alexander, C.M.,
Australia
Naldrett, Anthony J., Great
Britian
Queen, Lawrence D., Australia
Saadat, Saeed, USA
Sale, Marc J., Scotland
Silva, Pedro, Chile
Valera, Roberto G., Italy
Vennemann, Torsten W.,
Switzerland
Villa-Iglesias, Luis, Spain
Vittone, Hector, Argentina
Youdong, Kim Jr., Republic
of Korea
Yumul, Graciano P., Philippines
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
9
Contributions (cont.)
SEG Foundation
12/1/07–2/29/08
Student Fellowship
Fund
12/1/07–2/29/08
Thorman, Charles H., USA
Gold Fields Exploration, South
Africa
Babcock, Russell Jr., USA
Belkin, Harvey E., USA
Bookstrom, Arthur A., USA
Cloke, Paul L., USA
Field, Cyrus W., USA
Glavinovich, Paul, S., USA
Hardy, David G., USA
Harris, Marcus F., Australia
Highsmith, R. Patrick, USA
Howald, William, C., USA
Kesler, Stephen E., USA
Kyle, J. Richard, USA
Large, Ross R., Australia
Lehmann, Ernest K., USA
Powers, Sandra L., USA
Schmidt, Paul G, USA
Williams, Judith A., USA, In
Memory of John D. Wilson
Zierenberg, Robert A., USA
Arauzo, Luis A., Peru
Bailey, David G., Canada
Barnard, Ralph M., USA
Barton, Paul, B. Jr., USA
Beale, Timothy J., Peru
Bedoya Cruz, Raul, Peru
Belther, Jones, Brazil
Bradshaw, Herbert E., USA
Channer, Dominic M.D.,
Ecuador
Clark, Kenneth F., USA
Day, Warren C., USA
De Carvalho, Delfim, Portugal
Della Libera, Michele, Italy
Deruyter, Vernon, USA
Erickson, A.J., USA
Garay, Enrique, Peru
Gillerman, Virginia S., USA
Giudici, Jorge E., Argentina
Gutierrez-Villarias, Juan L.,
Spain
Hayston, Paul, Brazil
Heinrichs, Walter E. Jr., USA
Hitzman, Murray W., USA
Irwin, Raymond E., USA
James, Laurence P., USA
Kistler, Robert B., USA
Kreis, Henry G., USA
Loring, Richard, B., USA
Myers, Russell, E., USA
Noronha, Fernando M., Portugal
Parker, Harry M., USA
Pratt, Walden P., USA
Ramalingaswamy, Vulimiri M,
Canada
Sanchez Nannig, Geovanni C.,
Chile
Smith, Shea C., USA
Stone, Barton, G., USA
Valera, Roberto G., Italy
Van Oss, Hendrik G., USA
White, Andrew, H., Australia
Zohar, Pamela, B, USA
Seavoy, Ronald E., USA
Babcock, Russell, Jr., USA
Chevillon, C. Victor, USA
Collins, William D., USA
Kerrich, Robert, Canada
Medrano, Bruno R., Peru
Preece, Richard K., USA
Ramalingaswamy, Vulimiri M.,
Canada
Saadat, Saeed, USA
Sidder, Gary, B., USA
Smith, Shea C., USA
Terracciano, Rosario, Italy
Hugo Dummett
Fund
12/1/07–2/29/08
Fitzgerald, Michael J., USA
Harvey, Bruce A., USA
Titley, Spencer R., USA
Valera, Roberto G., Italy
Wilde, Andy R., Great Britain
Wolfgram, Diane, USA
Hickok-Radford
Fund
Student Field Trip
Fund
12/1/07–2/29/08
Putnam, Borden R. III, USA
Hattori, Keiko H., Canada
Hedenquist, Jeffrey, Canada
Hodder, Robert, Canada
Compania Minera Milpo
S.A.A., Peru
Franklin, James M., Canada
Jobin-Bevans, Scott L., Canada
Full Metal Minerals Ltd.,
Canada
Rio Tinto Aer, Turkey
Seavoy, Ronald E., USA
Waggoner, Thomas D, USA
Blann, David E., Canada
Carlson, Gerald G., Canada
Dapples, Edward C., USA
Dick, Lawrence A., Canada
Doucet, Dominique, Canada
Fonseca, Anna L., Canada
Garber, R. James, Canada
Gauthier, Michel, Canada
Grace, Kenneth A., Canada
Jefferson, Charles W., Canada
Kontak, Daniel J., Canada
Mackean, Boyd E., Canada
Mactavish, Allan D., Canada
Marsden, Henry W., Canada
Nicholson, John A., Canada
Pearson, William N., Canada
Poulsen, K. Howard, Canada
Price, Barry J., Canada
Rees, Matthew I., Canada
Richards, Jeremy P., Canada
Robert, François, Canada
Sauve, Pierre, Canada
Scott, Steven D., Canada
Shearer, Johan T., Canada
Soregaroli, Arthur E., Canada
Walford, Phillip C., Canada
12/1/07–2/29/08
Hickok, David M., USA
Millholland, Madelyn, USA
Cox, Bruce C., USA
Szumigala, David J., USA
Twelker, Evan, USA
McKinstry Fund
Doucet, Dominique, Canada
Theriault, Brion, USA
12/1/07–2/29/08
Heidrick, Tom L., USA
Naden, Jonathan, Great Britain
Barton, Paul, B. Jr., USA
Glass, Frank, S., Canada
Heim, Jonathan A., Australia
Holland, Heinrich D., USA
Macintyre, Timothy, J., USA
Perkin, Donald J., Australia
The Timothy Nutt
Memorial Fund
Campbell, Thomas J., USA
Everett, Jack, V., USA
Hitzman, Murray W., USA
James, Laurence P., USA
Lindholm, Melissa A., USA
Macintyre, Timothy J., USA
Paterson, Colin J., USA
Pulido Rodriguez, William A.,
Columbia
Texidor-Carlsson, Jose, Canada
Wallis, Toni L., Canada
The Discovery Fund
12/1/07–2/29/08
12/1/07–2/29/08
Haynes, Douglas W., Australia
Okita, Patrick M., USA
Cocker, Mark D., USA
Drobeck, Peter A., USA
Evans, Michael J., South Africa
Pattison, Ann D., USA
Price, Barry J., Canada
Thomas, Rodney N., Canada
Thompson, Tommy B., USA
Uttley, Phillip J., Australia
Ashleman, James C., USA
Bennell, Michael R., Brazil
Bolton, Barrie R., Australia
Channer, Dominic M.D.,
Ecuador
Chapple, Kenneth G., Australia
Everett, Jack V., USA
Gaughan, Chris J., Australia
Hite, Robert J., USA
James, Laurence P., USA
Kivi, Kevin, Canada
Marmont, Christopher, Canada
Maynard, James B., USA
Mcdougall, James J., Canada
Muhling, Peter C., Australia
Oakley, Chester A., USA
Ortiz, Francisco J., Chile
Parker, Harry M., USA
Sharp, Robert J., Canada
Steed, Geoffrey M., Great
Britain
Kinross Gold Corporation,
Canada
Teck Cominco Limited, Canada
Anonymous, USA
Emerson, Mark, USA
Jones, Paul C., USA
Juhas, Allan P., USA
Thamm, Albert, G., Australia
Dow, John A.S., New Zealand
Fitzgerald, Michael J., USA
Kuehn, Carl A., USA
Bowell, Robert J., Great Britain
Corrans, Roy D., South Africa
Davies, Chris, Great Britain
Hall, David J., Ireland
Karpeta, Wladyslaw P., South
Africa
Moody, Ian W., Australia
Ray, Gerald E., Canada
The Alberto
Terrones L. Fund
12/1/07–2/29/08
Fitzgerald, Michael J., USA
Haynes, Douglas W., Australia
Evans, Michael J., South Africa
Highsmith, R. Patrick, USA
Hall, David J., Ireland
Hatton, Owen, J., Australia
James, Laurence P., USA
Riedell, K. Brock, Canada
Canada Foundation
1/1/07–2/29/08
Bernstein, Merwin, Chile
Griffith, David J., USA
James, Laurence P., USA
Skewes, M. Alexandra, USA
Suarez Llerena, Jaime C., Peru
Agnico-Eagle Mines Ltd, Canada
Aur Resources, Canada
Barrick Gold Corporation,
Canada
Cameco Corporation, Canada
Iamgold Corporation, Canada
Abbott, Jeffrey T., Canada
Arauzo, Luis A., Peru
Basha, Michael G., Canada
Boronowski, Alex J., Canada
Debicki, Edward J., Canada
Gonzalez, Ralph A., USA
Guay, Mathieu, Canada
Jebrak, Michel, Canada
Juras, Stephen, Canada
Kirkham, Rodney V., Canada
Lafrance, Bruno D., Canada
Lapeare, Brett R., Canada
Leech, Geoffrey B., Canada
Lemieux, Eric B., Canada
Liverton, Timothy, Canada
Mayes, David, Canada
Mcdougall, James J., Canada
Mersereau, Terry G., Canada
Mumin, Hamid A., Canada
Pawliuk, David J., Canada
Piercey, Stephen J., Canada
Pop, Nicolae, Canada
Rees, Matthew I., Canada
Riley, George C., Canada
Salazar, Guillermo, Canada
Sanchez Torres, Alonso, Peru
Sebert, Christopher F.B.,
Canada
Sharp, Robert J., Canada
Smith, Scott W., USA
Stewart, Peter W., Canada
Stockford, Howard R., Canada
Watkins, John J., Canada
Whiteford, Sean M., USA
Woodcock, John R., Canada
Zentilli, Marcos, Canada
10
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
FROM THE TREASURER
Year-End Summary
Once again the Society and the
Foundation finished the year in excellent financial condition. Revenues for
the Society exceeded the budget by
about 15%, and the Foundation
enjoyed near-record contributions.
Operating expenses for the Society and
the Foundation were only modestly
over budget by 2% and 7%, respectively. The combined investment portfolio had a return of approximately
9.8%, with total financial assets (portfolio plus cash) growing to nearly
$12.6 million. The increased revenue
for the Society largely results from better-than-anticipated publication sales
and event income, reflecting a strong
interest in the Society’s core products
and consistent with the global interest
in mineral resources.
The Foundation received contributions of $548,864, the second highest
level since 1990 and substantially
above budget. This generosity of individuals and companies has allowed
substantial increases in support for
students, such as grants and field
trips, furthering the Foundation’s
efforts to enhance student interest in
the profession (see page 4 for details on
these educational programs). Overall,
the Foundation spent a total of
$521,338 in programs and services.
Total financial assets (portfolio plus
cash) at year-end 2007 for the combined Society and Foundation totaled
$12,596,349, an increase of $267,042
from 2006. In addition to this growth,
the portfolio also provided substantial
funds for operational activities and
building improvements during 2007,
most noticeably completion of the SEG
Course Center on the lower level of the
Society office building in Littleton, CO.
The portfolio continues to be managed
under the direction of the SEG
Investment Committee with the guidance of Innovest Portfolio Solutions
LLC, a Colorado investment advisory
Year End 2007
Revenues/
contributions, total
Expenses, total
Portfolio Value
Gold of the North Pacific Rim
International Mining and Geological Forum
dedicated to the 80th anniversary of gold discovery
in the Kolyma province
September 10–12, 2008 — Magadan, Russia
Sponsored by Russian Academy of Sciences,
Magadan Administration, Russian Geological Society (ROSGEO),
Society of Economic Geologists (SEG)
Preliminary program
Geology of Gold Deposits
Gold Exploration and Mining in the Northern Regions
Round-Table Discussions
Field excursions
September 7–9 and 13–15 –
Dukat (500 Moz Ag), Natalka (>60 Moz Au)
Deadlines:
Second Circular –
May 1, 2008
Field Trip Fees $400 USD –
June 1, 2008
Late Registration $200 (100*) USD – July 1, 2008
Registration at the arrival $250
(180*) USD –
September 8–10, 2008
*Members of ROSGEO, Russian Mineralogical Society, IAGOD,
SGA, SEG
Accompanying persons - 50$; Students - free of charge
Additional information:
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: <www.gold-forum.neisri.ru>
firm. Quarterly
meetings of the
Investment
Committee and
Innovest provide
the opportunity to
HAROLD J. NOYES
rebalance the
SEG Treasurer
investments,
largely domestic
and international
bond and equity funds, for optimum
growth and security for Society and
Foundation objectives.
The Society and Foundation enter
2008 in a very strong financial position, with a broad array of programs,
publications, and other benefits to support members and students around the
world in this increasingly international
organization. 1
SEG, Inc.
SEG Foundation, Inc.
Total
$1,060,969
$1,314,652
$7,260,191
$548,864
$625,692
$5,336,158
$1,609,833
$1,940,344
12,596,349
APRIL 2008 • No 73
...
from
1
SEG NEWSLETTER
11
Getting the Geo into Geomet (Continued)
major hurdle. Industry involvement and
case studies were critical to the success of
the class, and students conducted geomet
research projects ranging from uranium
to gold, industrial minerals, and zinc.
Students from the various disciplines all
agreed the central focal point of geomet
should be materials characterization
conducted in a language that diverse
groups could understand: descriptive
geologic and mineral study at the front
end of a project should be transferable
downstream to processing and mining
departments. The students likened
resource extraction to geology in reverse,
that is, the geologic knowledge of formation of a particular ore deposit (temperature, pressure, alteration, fluids, acids,
structures, emplacement conditions,
spatial relationships) can be useful to
metallurgists and miners to liberate ore
more effectively. This idea is similar to
Steve Enders’ concept of geomimicry
(Stephen Enders, pers. commun., 2008),
utilizing the geologic principles in
nature in new and beneficial ways. The
term “geometallurgy” was not viewed as
particularly representative of the integrated nature of resources development,
and students offered new terms for this
field such as geollurgy, geometminops,
or simply geomet, as adopted herein.
Geomet is the science of integrating
geology and mineralogy with resource
processing and extraction. The Society’s
own journal, Economic Geology, had
geomet roots a century ago through
expanding the geologic skill sets of processing engineers (Irving, 1906, Fig. 2).
The 1950s and 1960s saw increased integration and cross-training among the
mining disciplines, setting the stage for
the interdepartmental and cooperative
project development that flourished in
the 1960s and 1970s, when concepts such
as metallurgical core logging (Hazen
Research, 1960s) were introduced. The
term “geo-metallurgy” was likely coined
by McQuiston and Bechaud (1968, p.
103) in a discussion of sampling virgin
deposits: “…geo-metallurgy…since geology is inextricably interwoven with metallurgy in gaining an understanding of
the complexities of a deposit, eventually
leading to a definition of mineable reserves, with the development of a flowsheet and engineering criteria for the
planning of a successful and profitable
operation.” With increasing specialization in the fields of economic geology
and metallurgy in the intervening
“…to the metallurgist and mining engineer, a full and complete
grasp of economic geology in all its relations is a sine-qua-non
of practical success…”
Irving, 1906, Economic Geology Vol. 1, No. 1
FIGURE 2. One hundred years ago, economic geology and mineralogy were critical tools
for processing engineers.
years, there has been less emphasis on
developing interdisciplinary skill sets.
Geomet aims to integrate geologic
and mineralogical information with
process planning and metallurgical testwork to create a system of transferable
information throughout the life of a project (Fig. 3). From initial airborne and
ground geophysics to geologic and alteration mapping and rock and mineral
analysis, the information gathered at
the front end of a project should be
translatable to other (non-geologic)
potential users of the information downstream. The communication of project
information can significantly reduce
costs and increase the value of a project.
GEOMET AS PREDICTIVE
METALLURGY
The fundamental role of mineral characterization in predicting the metallurgical response of materials traditionally
has been the domain of process mineralogy. When well-trained mineralogists
also are familiar with mineral processing methods, process mineralogy can
have a very significant role in flowsheet
development. A good process mineralogist can demonstrate the importance of
mineralogy to process development by
showing engineers key ore-gangue relationships, the mineralogical reasons for
predicted liberation of an ore mineral,
and material characteristics that might
impact recovery. This understanding is
particularly important for engineers
who might otherwise rely on assay analysis and later wonder why recoveries do
not match predicted rates. Examples of
process mineralogy topics include gold
enclosed in pyrite requiring fine grinding and copper-activated pyrite surfaces
causing excessive pyrite flotation. Baum
(1988) provided a review of process mineralogical factors that can influence
epithermal gold and
to page 12 . . .
gold-silver deposits. In
FIGURE 3. The flow-through of geomet information relies on the initial geologic and mineral
characterization conducted at the front end of a project by the geologist, and carried
through by many others. The language used should therefore be communicable throughout the project.
12
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
11
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Getting the Geo into Geomet (Continued)
order of impact, these factors include
refractoriness, mineralogical ore variation, clay content, acid-forming minerals, permeability, cyanicides, oxygen
consumers, sulfate formation, toxic elements, particle size distribution, coarse
gold, base metal minerals, and artificial
contaminants (Baum, 1988). The
Metallurgical Society publication series
in process mineralogy (e.g., Hagni, R.,
1986; Vassiliou et al., 1987) and Petruk
(2000) provide case studies and examples of mineralogical applications to
processing and development.
In today’s usage, geomet incorporates the principles of process mineralogy and materials characterization as a
tool for predictive metallurgy. Metallurgists view geomet as a method for project evaluation that begins with test
work on drill core samples. Richardson
et al. (2007) defined geomet as “…the
geologically informed selection of a
number of test samples to determine
metallurgical parameters and the distribution of these parameters through an
orebody using an accepted geostatistical
technique to support process modeling.”
The mineral characterization of core,
concentrates, and other mining materials influences sampling and testing,
and forms part of the input into processing models to determine ore characteristics such as liberation, grindability,
aspect ratio, flotability, and leachability
(Williams and Richardson, 2004).
It is now possible to gain greater
understanding of mineralogical and
textural variability in geologic samples
as a result of the wide variety of analytical tools available. In addition to
microprobe, SEM, Rietveld XRD, FTIR,
and other standard methods, the new
generation of quantitative or automated mineralogical tools such as
Intellection’s QEMSCAN® and JKTech’s
Mineral Liberation Analyzer® provide
enormous capabilities for mineral composition and image analysis, data management, and process application. The
large datasets it is now possible to
attain make it possible to statistically
determine probable metallurgical outcomes for flowsheet development.
In the services sector, the SGS Group
(including SGS Lakefield and Minnovex)
is ahead of the pack in offering geomet
services to mining projects, from prefeasibility study to production and predicting operational success. The SGS method
applies mineral characterization to
downstream processing by the use of
geometallurgical mapping and modeling
techniques and development of a geometallurgical matrix using the physical
attributes of a deposit (Williams and
Richardson, 2004). The matrix is a useful method of determining the combinations of factors that impact development, and it can be used as a guide for
further sampling and testing. A simplified matrix drawn up by a student to
illustrate a Carlin trend deposit is illustrated in Figure 4 (Slattery, 2007). The
units of the matrix are blocks defined
by particular geologic and mineralogical characteristics that can be input into
specific comminution and flotation process models. Through the geostatistical
analysis of these parameters, the results
can be incorporated into mine planning, 3-D block models, and resource
valuation calculations (Williams and
Richardson, 2004; Dobby et al., 2006).
GEOMET STARTS WITH GEO
The renewed interest in geomet results
from the drive to reduce operating costs
and increase the effectiveness of operations, all the while promoting sustainability and limiting the environmental
footprint of an operation. In this regard,
the importance of geology to the bottom
FIGURE 4. An example of a simplified matrix
analysis of a gold ore using the SGSMinnovex matrix model concept (Dobby
et al., 2006), by student Laura Slattery,
CSM (Slattery, 2007). Parameters to identify
and include in this matrix include rock
type, alteration, and specific attributes
critical to the deposit. Each block, or combination of parameters, is assigned a predictive processing value that can be
directly input into the block model used for
the mine.
line now can be better demonstrated
and quantified by the geologist for the
engineer through new techniques such
as quantitative mineralogy. First, it
requires an interdisciplinary team representing geology, mineralogy, operations, processing, and metallurgy.
Geologists have a fundamental
understanding of spatial relationships,
mineral and material properties, recrystallization and alteration processes, and
the distribution of ores, fractures, and
fluids that will impact process development and project valuations. The geologist provides the front-end information
describing and delimiting an ore deposit
to the project team so that the deposit
can be assessed as an economically
viable project. The thoroughness with
which the geologic materials have been
characterized can be one determining
factor in the decision to develop a project, but it is only useful if it can be
transferred to the rest of the team in a
way that is beneficial to project development. Some expenditure in resources
must be applied for the geologic data to
be reassessed in terms of processing
attributes during mapping, drilling, testwork, and mine planning. Extensive
mineralogical study may be somewhat
costly and time-consuming at the prefeasibility stage, but the advantage to
being able to predict metallurgical
methods in diverse mine materials will
be of greater economic benefit later on.
Geomet therefore enters into the financial model of a project as a front-end
geologic cost that impacts downstream
operational costs (Fig. 5). Detailed materials characterization (rock descriptions,
mapping relationships, 3-D ore model,
ore-gangue mineral assessment) conducted at the start of a project also
reduces project unknowns. Those factors
(deleterious elements, mineral variability, or unforeseen clay horizons, for
example) that might adversely affect the
project can be identified and planned
for, and the improved understanding of
the materials aids in process optimization. The geologic risk inherent in the
project and the chances for unanticipated costs are reduced, while planning
and net present value of the project are
improved. Kendrick et al. (2003) illustrated the positive cost-recovery impact
of geomet characterization in a survey
of Phelps Dodge’s Candelaria concentrator. Thorough materials analysis of key
ore types in relation to the grinding,
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
FIGURE 5. Companies that invest in full-project geomet assessments can improve planning and reduce project risk. As illustrated, the potential for loss can be reduced (black
curves, solid to dashed), while anticipated project value can be increased (blue lines, solid
to dashed).
flotation, and metallurgical circuits resulted in improved circuit operation, 10%
increase in gold recovery, 16% reduced
copper tailings, 72% reduced lime use,
and improved cash flow by more than
$5 million/year (Kendrick et al., 2003).
The relationship of geology to processing also is demonstrated in the mill.
The energy consumption related to the
crushing and grinding circuit can be
one of the more costly stages in extraction. A full understanding of rock properties and breakage behavior can be
critical to reducing costs and making
comminution more efficient. The geologic attributes of rocks provide the linkage between mineralogy, texture, and
breakage test results so that the physical properties of materials (rock, core, or
concentrate) can be predicted. For a
processing engineer to understand what
the geologist means by a propylitically
altered-calcalkaline-monzodiorite, the
material can be redefined in terms of a
geomet descriptive terminology such as
Texture type T, Fabric type F, Breakage
characteristics B, Grinding behavior G,
Flotation behavior F, etc, defined by the
geologist on the basis of mineral percentages, textural relationships, and
rock properties tests.
Geologists contribute a wealth of
knowledge relating to the distribution of
materials, their variability, ore-gangue
associations, alteration intensities and
variability, and the spatial perspective
in three dimensions that the metallurgist may not perceive. Geomet provides
a means for communicating this information and therefore enhances the role
of the geologist in a project. In prefeasibility assessment, geologists can use
quantitative mineralogy to estimate
process methodology, grind size requirements, flotation reagents, and so on,
effectively conducting an initial processing assessment long before the project
hits the pilot bench. This is not to say
that the geologist has the wherewithal
to accurately predict metallurgical criteria, nor should he, but he can help to
advance a project early on and at lower
cost by fully assessing the mineralogical
and geologic relationships in terms of
anticipated project requirements.
In contrast to their university experience, students of resources are unlikely
to work in separate departments with
large numbers of isolated engineers,
geologists, and metallurgists. They
should thus become literate in a range
of fields that impact their specialty.
Hanks (1997) outlined the basic procedures and tests conducted during process development that the exploration
geologist should consider when conducting sampling programs.
Developments in metallurgy and processing should be regularly reviewed by
geologists so they can be considered in
early-stage assessments of ore deposits.
Such advances include SX-EW, pressure
leach and bio leach processes, and
potential future developments related to
grinding and extraction (Hoal et al.,
2006). For geology students this is
13
empowering: during the next downturn,
geologists with an understanding of
processing methods will be able to contribute cost-saving measures to the
development stream through improved
materials and ore characterization. As
mining and metallurgy focus increasingly on process enhancement, the ability of geologists to contribute geologic
characterization to the flowsheet will be
a career asset.
Some of the important components
of a project the geologists contribute in
development are shown in Figure 6.
They can be summarized as (1) project
planning: defining the materials and
value drivers that may determine the
success of a project; (2) materials assessment: identifying the key spatial and
compositional relationships in the
deposit that will aid in process development; (3) materials testing: helping
direct the course of metallurgical decisions by reviewing test results within a
geologic framework: and (4) geomet
resource model: incorporating attributes
into a model that illustrates 3-D variability and can be used for efficient
mine planning.
Geologic and mineralogical information should be used throughout the
development of a project, not only at
the front end. Interdisciplinary teams of
geologists and mineralogists, as well as
operating, processing, and metallurgical engineers, can best provide mine
planning evaluation. In project planning, the geologist is instrumental in
defining the target, the parameters
required for a successful operation such
as grade, commodity and tonnage, and
value drivers such as throughput, recovery, grade, and cost.
Traditional geologic activities occur
during the materials assessment stage
when field relationships are established,
samples and drill core are examined,
and mineralogical features are identified. The geomet action item is to identify the key physical attributes and the
distribution of those measurable properties that have the potential to significantly impact mineral processing. The
geologist can then redefine the spatial
distribution of materials in terms of
geomet domains; these may not coincide with geologic domains but may
more closely follow secondary patterns
such as alteration fronts.
In materials testing, the methods chosen to measure attributes that have been
defined and mapped in geomet domains
require geologic input.
to page 14 . . .
Tests may include
14
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
13
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Getting the Geo into Geomet (Continued)
FIGURE 6. A geomet program depends on excellent initial materials characterization through fieldwork, mapping, and sample study. The
geologic components of such a program enter into every phase of the development process (after Williams and Richardson, 2004; Dobby
et al., 2006; Hoal et al., 2006; Quantitative Group, 2006; Hoal, 2007; SGS Group, 2008; Wikipedia, 2008).
comminution, leach, or flotation tests
that relate to mineral and lithologic features. The geologist should assist in interpretation of test results that reflect the
mineralogy of the materials. Materials
variability within the deposit, ore-specific
parameters, and properties of material
types all have geologic controls. The 3-D
aspects of the deposit will become more
clearly known as a result of geomet
testwork, and the geologist (who is
responsible for making 3-D models of the
deposit) can incorporate the distribution
of materials with specific processing
characteristics into the 3-D model.
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
The development of a successful
geomet resource model ultimately
involves the creation of a matrix that
includes geologic, mineralogical, alteration, and test result parameters which
are used for mine planning and design
(Williams and Richardson, 2004).
Geologic reconciliation is an important
aspect of the geomet resource model
because the geologist can predict to
some extent the ore variability and
mineralogy changes that may impact
rock behavior. This helps in planning
forecasting, and in improved valuation
of the deposit.
(Hoal, 2007). The geologist’s role in
geomet is to ensure that this information is captured, translated into the
proper context, and passed down the
project chain. The benefits of geomet
include enhanced value through project
integration.
In collaboration with industry, universities are filling the need for training,
research, and development of new
approaches incorporating geomet. At
CSM, the geomet initiative forms part of
an overall effort at integrated mineral
characterization of a diversity of geologic materials.
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Geomet should incorporate a significant
geologic and mineralogical component,
both before metallurgists receive samples when a project reaches the process
test bench or pilot stage, and also during project development, when materials variability needs to be assessed. A
common difficulty in many projects is
communicating key information to
other members of the team. Geomet
offers the opportunity for early input of
geologic information into project planning, material testing, and key decisions
by redefining and remapping in terms
of materials characteristics. The involvement of a geomet team throughout a
project’s life has great potential economic benefits. At the front end such
analysis aids in characterizing materials for the mine model, and during production recurrent geomet analysis
assists with reconciliation and forward
planning.
Geologists have an important firstuser role to play in defining the materials that may determine the success of a
project. They help to identify the key
factors that will direct process development, thereby driving geomet decisions.
Geologists also are in a position to look
beyond the mining industry into other
geologic arenas to gain new insights
that can benefit mineral extraction.
Materials characterization relating mineralogy to rock breakage is also being
conducted in the petroleum sector, for
example, where the relationship of
mineralogy to fluid pathways, rock fracturing properties, and extraction methods has a direct application to mining.
The potential pitfalls of geomet are
in definitions and in context: confining
geomet to predictive metallurgy ignores
a wealth of important information that
can be redefined in a process context
Many of the ideas in this paper were
developed during the 2007 CSM course
in Geometallurgy, and in discussions
with and projects by students, L.
Albuquerque, B. Hardman, M. Koop, M.
McGlynn, L. Pesce, J. Ross, C. Seick, L.
Slattery, J. Stammer, and C. Wyatt.
Industry participants in class discussions and site visits were critical to
appreciating the interdisciplinary work
currently being conducted in process
mineralogy and materials characterization; they include R. Schmidt (Hazen
Research), D. Brosnahan and C. Clode
(Newmont), W. Baum (Phelps Dodge),
and J. Richardson (SGS Minerals). J.
Gutzmer and M. Hitzman provided
helpful insights and comments in their
reviews of this paper.
REFERENCES
Baum, W., 1988, Mineralogy-related processing problems, in Carson, D.J.T., and
Vassiliou, A.H., eds., Process Mineralogy
VIII, The Minerals, Metals, and Materials
Society, p. 3−20.
Dobby, G., Bennett, C., Bulled, D., and
Kosick, G., 2006, Geometallurgical modeling—the new approach to plant design and
production forecasting/planning, and
mine/mill optimization: Unpublished
report, Minnovex Technologies Inc., SGS
Minovex.
Hagni, R.D., 1986, ed., Process Mineralogy
VI: Applications to precious metals
deposits, industrial minerals, coal, liberation, mineral processing, agglomeration,
metallurgical producst, and refractories,
with special emphasis on cathodoluminesence microscopy: Warrendale, The
Metallurgical Society, 631 p.
Hanks, J.T., 1997, Process development for
exploration projects: Society for Mining,
Metallurgy, and Exploration, Denver
Annual Meeting, Preprint 97-41, 7 p.
15
Hoal, K.O., 2007, Benefits and pitfalls of
geometallurgy: The importance of mineral
characterization: Society of Mining,
Metallurgy, and Exploration, Conference
on Precious Metals Processing, Tucson,
October 5, 2007.
Hoal, K.O., McNulty, T.P., and Schmidt, R.,
2006, Metallurgical advances and their
impact on mineral exploration and mining: Society of Economic Geologists Special
Publication 12, p. 243−261.
Irving, J.D., 1906, University training of engineers in economic geology: Discussion,
Economic Geology, v. 1, p. 77−82.
Kendrick, M., Baum, W., Thompson, P., Gilkie,
G., and Gottleib, P., 2003, The use of QEMSCAN automated mineral analyzer at the
Candelaria concentrator: Chilean Institute
of Mining Engineers and the Metallurgical
Society of the Canadian Institute of
Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, COPPER 2003-COBRE 2003: Volume III-Mineral
Processing, Santiago, p. 415−430.
McQuiston, F.W., Jr. and Bechaud, L.J., Jr.,
1968, Metallurgical sampling and testing,
in Pfleider, E.P., ed., Surface mining: New
York, The American Institute of Mining,
Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, p.
103−121.
Petruk, W., 2000, Applied mineralogy in the
mining industry: Amsterdam, Elsevier, 268
p.
Quantitative Group, 2006, Geometallurgical
modelling: QG Newsletter, December 2006,
p. 3.
Richardson, J., Dobbie, G., Martin, C., and
Flores, L., 2007, Geometallurgy—linking
the geology and the block model to metallurgical processing and production planning [abs.]: Ores & Orogenesis, CircumPacific Tectonics, Geologic Evolution, and
Ore Deposits, A symposium, Arizona
Geological Society, Tucson, September
24–30, 2007.
SGS Group, 2008, Geometallurgy overview:
Metallurgical services, http://www.met.
sgs.com/geometallurgical_mapping.
Slattery, L., 2007, Geometallurgy of the Mega
pit, Twin Creeks mine, Humboldt County,
Nevada: Course project, MNGN498/598C/
MTGN498B/598A/GEGN498/598C, Golden,
Colorado School of Mines, 16 p.
Vassiliou, A.H., Hausen, D.M., and Carson,
D.J.T., eds.,1987, Process Mineralogy VII:
Applications to mineral beneficiation technology and mineral exploration, with special
emphasis on disseminated carbonaceous
gold ores: Warrendale, The Metallurgical
Society, 647 p.
Wikipedia, 2008, User:Geomet/Geometal
lurgy: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:
Geomet/Geometallurgy.
Williams, S.R., and Richardson, J.M., 2004,
Geometallurgical mapping: A new
approach that reduces technical risk: 36th
Annual Meeting of the Canadian Mineral
Processors, Canadian Institute of Mining,
Metallurgy and Petroleum, Ottawa,
Proceedings, Paper 16, 28 p. 1
SEG NEWS
16
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
2007 SEG International Exchange Lecture Tour
M. Stephen Enders (SEG 1981 F)
When I was asked to be the SEG
International Exchange Lecturer for
2007, I thought, “What a great outreach program SEG offers to students
and professionals in our field.” I felt
honored to be selected and looked forward to sharing some of my experience
and research with others in our field
across the globe. The biggest surprise
and honor for me, however, was just
how much I ended up learning from
everyone else!
I chose four topics to present, depending on the audience and their interests.
These were a mix of topics I had already
been presenting as well a couple of new
topics that I was actively researching.
These included the following:
The role of bacteria in the supergene environment of the Morenci porphyry copper
deposit—the rest of the story. This was by
far the most technical talk. I selected
this topic because of its relevance to students and professionals who want to
know more about the field of economic
geology, the characteristics of porphyry
copper deposits, and the supergene
environment, and the growing interest
in geomicrobiology.
1. Bridging the gaps in exploration & mining—opportunities for research and
development across the life cycle of an
ore deposit. This topic was the outgrowth of some research that I con-
ducted to prepare for the 2007
AMIRA Exploration Managers meeting in the Barossa Valley, South
Australia, last March. This talk has
ended up being probably the most
popular among audiences ranging
from students, geoscientists, and
researchers to engineers and others
outside of our field.
2. Greenfield exploration: Integrating science, human resources, and business
principles—the Newmont story. This is
how I make my living. In this talk, I
not only show how a major mining
company approaches green field
exploration, but also showcase the
Newmont story. This talk was particularly popular among SEG Student
Chapters as well as state and country
geological surveys and other professional organizations.
3. Future education trends—what does
industry want? This topic was a late
addition to my menu of IEL talks,
after I first presented it as an invited
speaker at the SGA conference in
Dublin last August. The research
leading up to this and the subsequent lively debates around education of the next generation of economic geologists proved to be quite
interesting and enlightening.
Everywhere I traveled for Newmont
over the past 12 months, I tried to line
up presentations as a matter of course;
Steve with SEG student member and CODES student, Bronto Sutopo, at the SGA conference in
Dublin.
and I was even able to fit in a few special trips to deliberately take advantage
of invitations to speak. Altogether I
gave 23 talks in 17 venues across 9
countries spanning 5 continents. They
included the following:
Australia: I met researchers from
government and academia and caught
up with my peers and colleagues in
industry at the AMIRA Exploration
Managers meeting in South Australia.
From there, I visited Cam McCuaig and
our SEG Student Chapter at the Center
for Exploration Targeting at the
University of Western Australia while
on business with Newmont.
Ireland: I was an invited speaker at
the session on “Future Directions in
Economic Geology: Research and
Teaching” at the SGA conference at
Trinity College in Dublin. This was a
great opportunity to meet our colleagues from SGA and many geologists
from Europe and Africa in particular.
New Mexico: After the SEG
Supergene Symposium held in conjunction with the Arizona Geological
Society’s Ores & Orogenesis Conference
in Tucson, I met Bill Chávez and his
students at New Mexico Tech in Socorro.
This was perfect timing to talk about
the Morenci supergene copper deposits
where I had just been on a field trip.
British Columbia: You can’t work in
the exploration business these days
without traveling to Vancouver. I was
Gregor Borg (front), Steve (left), and Joerg Reichert (fourth from left), and MartinLuther University Halle-Wittenberg students on the outcrop of Kupfershieffer mineralization in Germany.
APRIL 2008 • No 73
ally; of how ‘normal’ even a seriously
influential industry geo can be...” From
there I took a train to Geneva to visit
Lluís Fontboté and Robert Moritz at the
University of Geneva and probably the
best SEG Student Chapter I met on my
tour. We were able to cram in two IEL
talks, several student discussions of
research projects, a large multicultural
group dinner, pub crawl, and walking
tour of the city—all within about 36
hours. I would like to thank Istvan
Marton, Honza Catchpole, Jose Perez,
Mathiew Agenean and the other SEG
Student Chapter members for their hospitality and warm welcome.
Turkey: Newmont business took me
to Armenia and Turkey on my
European tour. I was very privileged to
address a large audience of more that
60 faculty, researchers, students, and
industry representatives at Middle
Eastern Technical University in Ankara.
Thanks in particular to Mr. Paul Kuhn
for setting up an event that included
almost all companies working in
Turkey at the time: TeckCominco,
Tuprag, RTZ, Ariana, Fronteer, Nuinsco,
Eurasian, Mediterranean Resources,
Chesser Resources, Demir Export, and
Esan Eczacabasi, along with representatives and students from METU, Mugla
University, and Hacettepe University.
Ghana: Before returning to the
United States, I took advantage of being
close to Africa and met with Newmont
geologists and explorers in Accra. They
had set up meetings and lectures for me
with the Geological Survey of Ghana and
Miguel Ponce, Daniel Merino, Honza Catchpole, Mathieu Agenean, Jose Perez, Istvan
Marton, Steve Enders, Claire Rambot, Mouna El Mekki, and Kalin Kouzmanov at the group
dinner in Geneva.
17
the Ghana Institution of Geoscientists,
and also a series of lectures at the
University of Ghana. There is a huge
thirst for knowledge about economic
geology, geoscience research, and
exploration in Ghana. I ended up presenting three of my IEL talks, two of
them twice! I also committed Newmont
to provide tours of our Ahafo mine and
gold deposits to interested survey and
university geoscientists and students.
Suriname: In November, I traveled to
Suriname to visit Newmont’s Nassau
joint-venture project with Alcoa, tour
Iamgold’s Rosebel mine, and present an
IEL talk to the University of Suriname.
There were over 40 attendees representing the university, private consultants,
and businessmen, Suralco, BHP Billiton,
Grassalco, the State Oil company,
Iamgold, and Newmont. This was a
great opportunity to talk about what
green fields exploration is all about and
the role of SEG in the mining, exploration, and academic community. The
meeting was the first of its kind in
Suriname and I hope sparked an interest in further developing the local mining and geological community.
Colorado: I’ve wrapped up my tour
with some easy travel to visit Murray
Hitzman, Graham Closs, and our SEG
students at the Colorado School of
Mines, as well as Judy Hannah and
Holly Stein and their students at
Colorado State University. And, at a
Denver SME dinner, I was delighted to
address a robust crowd of mostly engineers who seemed particularly interested in the research opportunities for
both geologists and engineers across the
life cycle of a mine. The Head of CSM’s
Mining Engineering Department even
invited me to return to campus to spend
more time with the engineers!
Everywhere on tour, I represented
SEG as the world’s premier professional
society for geoscientists, mine geologists,
and explorers who are studying, working, or researching in the field of economic geology. I was successful in signing up new members and I encouraged
Newmont employees to join by offering
to financially support their memberships. Resumes from students seemed to
follow my visits to universities like
clockwork, and Newmont has already
hired a few of these as interns. In places
like Ghana and Suriname, I have been
invited back to meet with various government officials and to provide other
talks that might be of
to page 18 . . .
interest.
SEG NEWS
fortunate to meet up with Dick Tosdal
and his SEG students at the Mineral
Deposit Research Unit at the University
of British Columbia. This was an excellent opportunity to learn about the students’ various research projects, some of
which Newmont has been funding.
Nevada: I was fortunate to have had
the opportunity to visit Jim Taranik,
John Muntean, and many of the faculty, researchers, and students at the
Mackay School of Mines at the University of Nevada, Reno, twice last year—
once for an engaging roundtable discussion with faculty and researchers, and
then for a follow-up visit to present one
of my IEL talks.
Germany: I met Gregor Borg and
Joerg Reichert at the SEG Supergene
Symposium and they quickly arranged
a visit and lecture at Martin-Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg in
Germany. Not only was I able to meet a
number of bright economic geology students, but Gregor arranged for me to
meet Dr. Alex Schippers, head of the
geomicrobiology section of the Federal
Institute for Geosciences and Natural
Resources. The biggest surprise of all was
a one-day tour of the Kupferschieffer
with Gregor and his students.
Switzerland: My itinerary then took
me to Switzerland, where I met Chris
Heinrich and Thomas Driesner at ETH
and a few of their students whom I had
met at the SEG Keystone conference in
2006. They provided me with the best
feedback of my trip, saying, “the students got an impression of you person-
SEG NEWSLETTER
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...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
17
No 73 • APRIL 2008
2007 SEG Intenational Exchange Lecture Tour (Continued)
Most importantly, I discovered that
there are outstanding students, faculty,
and researchers not just at the better
known universities with formal economic geology programs; they also
reside in each of the departments that I
visited. A number of mining companies
have chosen to support a few of the better known university programs through
direct funding. Although this is necessary and a reasonable thing to do, it
simply is not sufficient to cover all of the
talent needs for our profession. I believe
SEG and the SEG Foundation provide a
much broader link to all of the university programs around the world.
I want to thank the Society for the
honor and privilege to have been the
SEG International Exchange Lecturer for
2007 and Newmont Mining Company
for graciously providing me the time and
financial support for the 2007 tour. I also
want to thank all of the SEG Student
Chapter members and university faculty,
who are too numerous to mention, for
their hospitality and great discussions.
Finally, I want to thank Christine Horrigan at SEG headquarters and Kelly
Watson at Newmont for their help in
International Exchange Lecturer Steve Enders addresses the Ghana Geological Survey
and Ghana Institution of Geoscientists in Accra, Ghana.
arranging and coordinating all of my
travel associated with the 2007 IEL tour.
As a result of the many visits and
discussions I have had over the past
year, I am now, more than ever,
confident that we have a great generation of new students, discoverers, and
leaders in training across the globe.
Please continue to give them both your
time and financial support. 1
Steve’s “Green Fields” and “Bridging” presentations are available on DVD from the
SEG bookstore, online at <www.segweb.org/store/>; click on “Lecture Videos.”
GEOCON 2007, Manila, Philippines
Geocon 2007 (December
5–7) in Manila covered a
wide range of topics, from
environmental concerns and
oil and gas to new developments and economic geology in general. It was well
attended, with 250 delegates
from government, academia
and industry. The SEG booth
was strongly supported by
the Geological Society of the
Philippines. Volunteers Marie
Antoinette Morielo, Leo
Deiparine (SEG 2007; Ivanhoe
Manager for the Philippines),
and Wenna Panlilio did an
excellent job assisting with
new membership applications and publication sales.
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
19
SEG NEWS
New Journal Editor Announced
Contributed by Stuart F. Simmons (SEG 1985 F), Chairman, Publications Board
Dear SEG members:
It is my pleasure, as Chair of the Publications Board, to report that Lawrence D.
Meinert will succeed Mark Hannington
as the new editor of Economic Geology
later this year. This is the first time the
SEG has selected a journal editor, since
the responsibility only transferred to the
Society with the SEG-PUBCO merger in
2001. In fact, Mark is only the fifth editor
of Economic Geology, and he informed us
of his resignation in September 2007,
after having served as editor since 2001,
when he succeeded Marco Einaudi.
Mark’s sterling efforts and tireless
work rate sustained the outstanding
technical content of the journal during
a period of declining manuscript submissions and a world-wide reduction in
the output of ore deposits research.
Under Mark’s tenure, the following were
achieved: publication of the first two
contributions to the Map Series (two
more will be published in the next six
months); creation of the journal web
page with free access to abstracts; introduction of digital online supplements;
publication of the landmark series of
100th Anniversary Papers and followon Special; concise reports of new and
exciting research published as the
Express Letter; introduction of the
Skinner Award (the 5th award in the
series was just announced and competition for the 6th is just starting); and
publication of a feature color map on
the cover of each issue, emphasizing the
significance and appreciation of field
relationships and geological mapping
in the study of ore deposits.
We are all sorry to see Mark go. He
has served the SEG willingly and ably in
its most demanding role, and we hope
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
that the loss will be quickly repaid in
the form of submitted manuscripts that
have had to go on the back burner while
Economic Geology has been his priority.
Mark still has to wait until mid-year for
Larry to start his duties as co-editor, and
the two will serve together in that role
through the end of 2008, at which time
Mark will officially step down.
Larry is a professor at the prestigious
Smith College, Northampton,
Massachusetts, and he is one of the
foremost authorities on skarn deposits;
since 2002, he has served as co-editor of
Mineralium Deposita. Building on the
existing technical strengths of Economic
Geology, he plans to implement several
changes with the aim of speeding up
the publication process.
The most important change is a
transition to online submission of
manuscripts via the Internet. There are
several advantages to online submission, in addition to increased speed of
publication. For those who travel a lot,
it will be much easier and quicker to
access all relevant information about a
manuscript when logging in from a
remote computer. In addition, the
online submission system should speed
up the review process and increase the
number of quality manuscripts submitted to Economic Geology, as that has
been the experience of other journals
that have switched to online submission. Online submission will be inaugurated July 1, 2008. Links to the new system will be available from the SEG
website. Manuscripts can still be submitted in paper or electronic form, as
currently done. But it is anticipated that
most authors will gravitate to the new
system because of the multiple advan-
tages outlined
above.
Another
LAWRENCE D. MEINERT
planned change
(SEG 1989 F)
is a transition to
a system of publishing papers
directly online as soon as they are
accepted and copyedited. Most authors
should see a well-prepared manuscript
available to readers within six months
of submission, as accepted manuscripts
are posted online. The paper journal
will continue to be the ultimate source
of reliable information in the field of
economic geology, and its utility will be
enhanced further by timely delivery to
subscribers. Within a year it is anticipated that the journal will be mailed on
a regular schedule with each issue actually appearing by the cover issue date.
Finally, in addition to standard
papers on individual ore deposits and
applications of new geochemical, geophysical, and other methods to the
study of ore deposits, a new type of
solicited paper will be published periodically in the journal. These will be relatively short summaries of specific ore
deposit types, written in simple,
straight-forward language by acknowledged experts in that deposit type. In
contrast to long, exhaustive review
papers such as those published in the
well-respected Economic Geology 100th
Anniversary Volume, these ore deposit
model papers will summarize the essential characteristics that are most useful
to field exploration for new deposits.
Like all papers in Economic Geology,
these will be peer reviewed and carefully edited, but with a focus on readability and practical utility. 1
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
SEG NEWS
20
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
MENTORING
The Mentoring column is a regular feature of the SEG Newsletter, with contributions of up to 700 words from those who have
mentored and/or have benefited from mentorship by another. Those interested in contributing should contact Steve Garwin
([email protected]) or Lucy Chapman ([email protected]) regarding details of submittal.
Our Science and Our Industry Depend on Our People
Noel C. White (SEG 1993 F)
I have recently returned home from
China, where I spent time in the field
with exploration crews consisting of
young geologists. They may lack years
of experience and accumulated knowledge, but there is no lack of energy or
enthusiasm to learn. Working with people like this is one of the greatest pleasures an old geo like me can have!
When we are surrounded by technology it is easy to forget that geology, and
especially exploration, is an activity of
people. The work we do today is not significantly different from what we did 30
years ago, although the tools we use
have changed. The ancient Egyptians
built the pyramids with simple tools
and skill; today we could use machines
and technology to do the same thing,
but the result would still be a pyramid.
Developing a great explorer has more
to do with developing the right skills
and attitudes than with technology.
People, not machines, discover orebodies, and our success depends on how we
develop and retain good people.
Over many years I have seen management fashions change, which has
led to major changes in how people are
perceived. Years back, chief executives
would seriously say, “Our people are
our greatest asset,” and I have been in
management teams that regularly
reviewed every person’s performance,
ambitions, and development needs, so
we could help each person develop a
career and make the most of his or her
abilities. Now some managers believe
Noel White and Kaihui Yang (President of Asia Now Resources Corp.) with project geologists tasked with exploration of the Habo porphyry copper project in SE Yunnan, China. The
group is working in a temporary drill core storage shed built from bush timber and plastic
sheets.
that people are a resource to be used
when needed and discarded when not,
and in big companies at least, there is
an assumption that skills and knowledge can be bought as required. Not
true!
Geology has been described as the
science of “where have I seen that
before?” What this familiar saying
reflects is that, in geology and, in particular, in economic geology and exploration, your experience and the resulting knowledge are major factors in how
good you are at your job. We are a
small community, and finding enough
people with the knowledge and experience needed to handle important work
is not easy.
The messages are clear. Companies
need to recognize that their explorers
are unique people who are willing to do
work that others cannot, and accept
conditions that others will not, and with
unique knowledge and skills that are
scarce commodities. Their personal
experiences and memories are a valuable asset, and their personalities,
sometimes not ones that fit comfortably
in a corporate culture, are an important
part of their value. The next generation
needs to be recruited from people who
have the energy and determination to
work under challenging conditions, a
commitment to success, good observational skills, the intelligence to extract
key knowledge, and originality. The key
skills and attributes can be taught or
developed in young recruits, and the
surest way to ensure availability of key
people in the future is to develop and
retain them. That means encouraging
students to train in geological sciences,
recruiting the best people, and then
developing them.
The key to developing young people
is providing challenges and opportunities. No young person will be happy
doing the same work for years; they
need to be exposed to different work
environments and opportunities to
improve all their skills—technical, personal, operational, and
...
managerial. Give them to page 21
APRIL 2008 • No 73
from
20
MENTORING: Our Science and Our Industry Depend on Our People (Continued)
the tools and training necessary to work
effectively, and an environment that
encourages them to do their best work.
Effective mentoring is crucial, whether
formal or informal.
In my experience, good people enjoy
their jobs if they work in a culture of
commitment to realistic, shared values,
a team environment where every person’s contribution is valued and where
they have the opportunity to succeed
against challenges and receive recognition and adequate rewards for their
work. It is not necessary (and can be
counterproductive) to focus on keeping
people happy; get everything else right
and a happy, productive, and committed workforce will inevitably follow.
Our industry and science are at a
crucial stage. Large numbers of experienced and skilled people left our industry during the previous downturn and
have not returned. At the same time,
recruitment and vacation employment
programs were abandoned. Lacking
opportunities for jobs, students went
elsewhere. In the past, when companies offered vacation employment to
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
21
SEG WEB-BASED MENTORING PROGRAM
Are you a student or young professional who seeks advice? Would you like to
have someone with whom you may discuss your work and career?
We have experienced members in mining & exploration companies, government surveys, consultancies and universities who are available to discuss your
work and career and give you advice.
You can go online to review the mentoring program at http://www.
segweb.org/Mentor/MentoringProgram.aspx. There you may follow the links to
some of our members who have volunteered to be mentors. You are invited to
contact any of them!
students it gave them the opportunity to
learn the realities of our industry. Many
found they liked it and stayed to build a
career in the industry; those who did
not like the life went elsewhere. Now
employers complain that students do
not want to work in the field, but why
should anyone be surprised when
young people choose what is familiar
and comfortable rather than the
unknown, when the opportunity to “try
before they buy” has been taken from
them?
The problems companies face today
in finding suitable employees are
largely of the industry’s making, and it
is appropriate that companies accept
responsibility for fixing the problems;
but it must be a long-term commitment, not a boom-based quick-fix management decision. Many companies
now recognize the need to act, and we
see strong support for SEG education
initiatives for helping students to attend
conferences and field workshops, and
for the mentoring program. Bravo to
the people who are helping to ensure a
viable future by actively contributing to
the development of young geoscientists
and explorers. 1
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
SEG NEWS
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
SEG NEWS
22
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
SEG Foundation Student Field Trip, January 2008
Erich U. Petersen (SEG 1986 F) and William X. Chávez, Jr. (SEG 1990 F)
The third SEG Foundation-sponsored
Student Field Trip was held January
5–12, 2008, in the Capiapó-Antofagasta
region of northern Chile. The trip
emphasized the geology and geochemistry of Fe-Cu-Au (IOCG) and Cu-Ag
(andesite-hosted) deposits. Participants
included 16 students from eight countries, plus four professionals representing government and industry, who
shared their “real world” experiences
with the students.
The group visited seven ore deposits
in seven days: Las Pintadas (Cu-Au
skarns), La Candelaria (Cu-Fe-Au system), Mina Carola (structurally controlled Cu-Fe-Au deposit), Mina
Pensamiento (vein-hosted Cu-Fe-Au system), Manto Verde (Cu-Fe breccia systems), Michilla district (andesite-hosted
Cu-Ag system), and Cerro Miranda (volcanic-hosted Cu-Ag system). Geologic
presentations were given at each mine,
complementing visits to the mines and
related regional geologic sites.
The first day included visits to the
Las Pintadas, Transito, and Tigressa
copper-gold skarn systems within the
contact aureole of the Coastal batholith.
Chief geologist Ioan Filip explained
that mineralization occurs in the Punta
del Cobre Formation as it does at La
Candelaria. On the next day’s visit to
La Candelaria, the group had an excellent opportunity to review drill core
Christina Reyes underground at the Carola
Cu mine.
Group photo in front of diamond drilling rig at Sierra Miranda mine: Front, left to right:
Christopher Van Treeck, Conrado Permuy, Honza Catchpole, Louise Corriveau,
Amarmend Baatar, Gary Parkison, Christina Reyes, Julia King, William Chávez, Erich
Petersen, “Mickey” Fulp. Rear, left to right: Xin-Fu Zhao, Thomas Johnson, Luke Longridge,
John Wood, Doug Kreiner, Melissa Lindholm, Elizabeth Pesce, George Garner, Suzanne
Byron, Meghan MacLeod, Anita Brown.
showing spectacular examples of magnetite and chalcopyrite. Louise Corriveau,
Geological Survey of Canada research
scientist, pointed out the subtle sodic
and calcic alteration features, especially
the distinctive occurrence of scapolite.
At Carola, iron oxide and copper
mineralization were examined, both
underground and in diamond drill core.
Ing. Constantin Isache, Mina Carola
Superintendent of Geology, presented
an animated, detailed review of the
geology of the deposit, including a
description of the mining method, economics, and mine expansion plans. The
northwest-striking, near-vertical veins
at Carola host massive magnetite and
chalcopyrite, with gold occurring as
micron-size particles associated with
chalcopyrite. Lamprophere dikes occur
parallel to the sulfide veins, and calcite
veins occupying the same zones of
weakness serve as guides to deep
sulfide-iron oxide mineralization, with
widespread actinolitic alteration.
Following these visits, Gary Parkison
(Vice-President, Exploration and Development, Constellation Copper) and
Mickey Fulp (Independent Consultant)
lucidly discussed mineral economics
with the students, emphasizing the
practical aspects of “economic” geology.
Similarly, John Wood drew upon his
extensive exploration experience to provide detailed examples of “how exploration works.”
The last visit in the Copiapó region
was to the Pensamiento mine, where
mine engineer Ricardo Vásquez S.
described this relatively small underground operation, which uses sublevel
stoping to mine low-angle mt-cp-py
veins, locally described as “mantos.”
Students had the opportunity to see
how vein-like orebodies are mined with
minimal dilution.
Near Chañaral, the expanding
Mantoverde deposit comprises spectacular hematite breccias
to page 23 . . .
that host copper
APRIL 2008 • No 73
from
22
23
SEG Student Chapter News (Continued)
mineralization with brochantite and
chrysocolla in the oxide zone, and chalcopyrite + pyrite at depth. Production
geologist Alfonso Sanguinetti R. explained that mineralization occurs in
footwall breccias of district-scale crossfaults related to the Atacama fault zone.
The final visits of the trip were to CuAg ore deposits hosted by Jurassic-age
andesites of the coastal cordillera. At
the Michilla district north of Antofagasta, oxide copper mineralization is
dominated by atacamite and chrysocolla, whereas sulfide ores consist of
hypogene chalcocite and bornite.
Importantly, silver is contributed as a
dissolved constituent in hypogene sulfides, notably chalcocite. Chief mine
geologist Humberto Alfaro provided an
excellent review of core intervals containing supergene and hypogene copper minerals, noting that specularite is
commonly associated with bornite-chalcocite, typical throughout the coastal
cordillera.
The last visit was to the Sierra
Miranda district east of Michilla. Chief
geologist Fernando León provided an
excellent overview of the district and its
exploration history. Here, students
had the opportunity to visit a reverse
Honza Catchpole, Gary Parkison (professional), and a company geologist review
drill core logs at the Carola mine.
circulation drill
site, large-scale
leach pads, and
the harvesting of
cathode copper
from the SX-EW
tank house.
As has
become traditional, the last
night as a group
was spent having dinner at
Wally’s Pub in
Antofagasta. A
lively discussion
attempting to
answer the question, “What is an
‘IOCG’ deposit?”
rounded out the
At the Mantoverde deposit students (left to right) Julia King, Suzanne
Byron, John Wood (professional), Xin-Fu Zhao, and Conrado Permuy
evening, chalexamine outcrop with abundant chrysocolla.
lenging students
to come up with
their own definilunches, and shared their knowledge of
tion for “IOCG-style” mineralization.
the respective deposits.
The four professionals—Ms. Corriveau
Finally, these SEG Foundation-sponand Messrs. Fulp, Parkison, and Wood,
sored field courses would not be possible
who shared their knowledge and varied
without the continuing generous supexpertise in many detailed discussions
port of SEGF contributors and the logiswith students throughout the trip—protical administrative support of the staff
vided another dimension and contributed
at the SEG office in Littleton. We are
immensely to the overall education and
very grateful for this encouragement
experience gained by the students on
and support, and look forward to conthe trip. The mine staff at each location
tinuing this program to keep students in
visited graciously provided logistical
the field, looking at rocks. 1
assistance, technical discussions, and
SEG Foundation Student Field Trip to Chile—January 2008
SEG NEWS
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
24
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
Notice: Views expressed in the Exploration Reviews do not necessarily reflect those of the Society of Economic
Geologists, Inc., and columnists are solely responsible for ascertaining that information in this section is correct.
AFRICA
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
Regional Correspondent: Judith Kinnaird
Regional Vice President-Africa
School of Geosciences
University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Tel. +27 11 7176583
Fax: +27 11 7176579
E-mail: [email protected]
From an outside perspective, investment
in African mineral exploration companies must look a questionable proposition with power shortages in southern
Africa, heavy rains flooding some
mines, and civil unrest in Kenya,
Somalia, Chad, and western Sudan.
Mining accounts for about 15% of
South Africa’s electricity demand and in
late January, power was insufficient for
work underground to continue. Each
day of lost production cost the sector up
to $26.9 M. The big mining groups
halted some or all activities, while
smaller companies continued to operate. South Africa’s mining sector
employs about 460,000 people but indirectly supports about 5 million, according to 2007 Chamber of Mines statistics.
Gold Fields said it may have to suspend, scale back, or close some of its
South African operations, and may
have to lay off 6,900 of its 53,000 workers, which is paradoxical given the
record prices for gold and platinum.
The power shortages could have huge
implications for economic growth, as
energy utility Eskom has asked the government to shelve any new big industrial projects at least until 2013, when
the current electricity shortage should
have eased. Neighboring Namibia has
also frozen a number of major investment projects and NamPower has
placed a moratorium on all new mines
until at least 2009. This could have
severe implications for the development
of new uranium mines. Lesotho,
Zambia, and Zimbabwe have also
reported power outages caused by aging
infrastructure, growing demand, and
reduced electricity export from South
Africa. In Zambia, outages related to
electrical faults resulted in 369 miners
being trapped at Mopani and Konkola
copper mines and partial flooding at
Chililabombwe mine because water
could not be pumped out. In Zimbabwe,
Impala Platinum’s Zimplats was
among the mines hit by the outages.
ANGOLA
Angola’s state-owned diamond firm,
Endiama, has stated that it expects to
produce >10 million carats in 2008, up
from 9.7 million carats in 2007. Most of
the production will come from alluvial
deposits in Luanda Norte and Luanda
Sul, the northeastern provinces that are
the traditional diamond-producing
areas in the country. Only about 40% of
the country’s potential diamond territory has been explored and the
provinces of Bie, Malanje, and Uige
have been identified as areas with
potential kimberlite pipes.
BOTSWANA
Hana Mining announced results from
two new holes completed as part of its
ongoing 10,000-m diamond drilling
program at its sediment-hosted Ghanzi
copper-silver project. Best results include
a 13-m intersection grading 1.34% copper, 29.52 g/t silver, including 4.0 m of
3.48% copper, and 88.60 g/t silver.
BURKINO FASO
Etruscan’s Youga gold project is scheduled to reach full production in 2008,
with 88,000 oz of gold pa over a 7-year
mine life, which they hope to expand to
about 12 years. Goldcrest Resources
has identified new target zones that
have the potential to expand the size of
the mineralized area at its Gaoua copper-gold project. Best results include 14
m of 1.16 g/t Au.
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
OF CONGO
Mexivada Mining has discovered kimberlite indicator minerals and two large
diamonds from a previously unexplored
location on its wholly controlled
Malambani concession near Mayoko.
One diamond is a white, 7.5-mm-diameter modified octahedron, and the other
is a 6-mm, greenish-white dodecahedron.
TEAL Exploration discovered further
high-grade intersections at the Lupoto
copper project, which forms part of
TEAL’s 60%-owned Kasonta-Lupoto
Mines mining licence area, 25 km
northwest of Lubumbashi. Kalumines
is a joint venture with Gecamines.
Anvil Mining has produced 16,877 t
of copper and 0.7 Moz of silver, after a
full year of production in 2007 at its
mines in Dikulushi, Kinsevere, and
Kulu. It plans to produce 100,000 t copper by 2010. The transition to underground mining at Dikulushi was completed in 2007.
Tiger Resources announced significant copper and cobalt intersections at
the Kipoi central deposit, in Katanga
Province. Best intersections from
KPCDD038 include 106 m @ 6.7% Cu,
from KPCDD049: 70.6 m @ 3.4% Cu
and KPCDD057 with 82 m at 4.3% Cu
and 0.4% Co.
Metorex’s Ruashi Two will produce
45,000 tpa copper at a grade of 3.78%
and 3500 tpa cobalt when it comes on
stream later in 2008. Sister mine
Chibuluma is expected to produce
18,000 tpa copper, up from 14,000 tpa
as grade increases with depth from
3.3% to 3.5%.
GHANA
Adamus Resources announced 470,000
oz gold has been added to existing measured and indicated mineral resources
at its Southern Ashanti gold project,
which now totals 1.63 Moz gold at 1.78
g/t. Additional inferred mineral
resources are now 340,000 oz gold at
1.64 g/t.
Golden Star Resources released an
updated resource model for the
Bondaye and Tuapim deposits in the
Prestea South area of the BogosoPrestea project. New drill results and
amended resource model yielded a total
of 525,000 oz of indicated gold.
Australian-based Azumah
Resources has reported outstanding
drilling results and confirmation of
extensions of its 500,000-oz Kunche
gold deposit.
LIBERIA
Questions have been raised about the
decision of the Liberian government to
select the Johannesburg-based Delta
APRIL 2008 • No 73
Mining Consolidated as the winning
company that would develop Liberia’s
huge iron ore deposit in the west of the
country in preference to Indian steel
giant Tata Steel, Xingxing, and
Sinosteel Corporation, among others.
MALAWI
MALI
Resolute Mining Ltd will begin production from the Syama mine later this
year at a rate of 2.5 M tpa. The project
lies about 300 km south of Bamako. A
mine life of 7 years is based on the 14Mt reserve, but with a 30-Mt resource,
mine life is likely to be extended.
MOZAMBIQUE
Vale is expected to resuscitate coal mining at Moatize in the northern Tete
province by 2010. In the past five years,
South African company Sasol has
begun exporting natural gas from
Inhambane Province; Kenmare, the
Ireland-based firm and South African
company Corridor Sands are set to
mine titanium sands in Gaza Province,
about 200 km north of Maputo, and an
array of companies are prospecting for
oil reserves. However, there are concerns
that such developments might impact
negatively on tourism, which has
rapidly become one of the country’s
most important industries.
NAMIBIA
The uranium rush continues in spite of
power shortages. Australian junior uranium explorer Deep Yellow Ltd has
listed on the Namibian Stock Exchange
(NSX), becoming the first Australian
firm to dual list on the NSX. Deep yellow is largely owned by Paladin
Energy, which is developing the adjacent calcrete-hosted Langer Heinrich
uranium mine. Canadian firm
Xemplar Energy Corp listed last year
on the NSX. Another Canadian firm,
Forsys Metals Corp, also listed in 2007
with the Valencia uranium project
which is expected to start commercial
production in 2009.
Perth-based Paladin has met production targets at its calcrete-hosted
Langer Heinrich uranium mine and is
expected to produce at planned capacity of 2.6 Mlb of uranium oxide in 2008.
West Australian Metals has confirmed extensive uranium mineralization at its Marenica joint-venture project following the first phase of a
program of systematic radiometry and
channel sampling of trenches.
Rössing Uranium Limited plans to
produce its own electricity amid the current power crisis. They plan to convert
excess heat produced by a proposed onsite acid plant into electricity. This is
part of an expansion project that aims
to extend the life of the mine to 2026. It
is estimated that the proposed acid
plant will be able to produce 12
megawatts of electricity at full capacity.
The plant will only require about
4.5Mw to operate with excess
megawatts available for other uses.
Expansion projects include mining at
the new SK4 site, which could begin as
early as April with development of a pit
600 × 300-m in size and 150-m deep.
SOUTH AFRICA
After more than a century, South Africa
has been overtaken by China as the
world’s leading gold producer, although
gold production is still going strong,
even with platinum as the most valuable mineral export. Nonetheless, positive reports on gold continue: Great
Basin Gold has updated gold resources
at its Burnstone project in the
Witwatersrand basin with 10.86 Moz of
measured and indicated gold and 2.39
Moz of inferred gold at a cutoff grade of
4 g/t. Pan African Resources in the second half of 2007 produced 47,486 oz
gold at a cost of US$521/oz from its
three Barberton gold mines at Fairview,
25
Sheba, and New Consort. Harmony
Gold will own a 32% stake in Pamodzi
Gold in a sale of its marginal Orkney
mines in the Klerksdorp Goldfields on
the northwestern margin of the
Witwatersrand Basin. Pamodzi forecasts
production of up to 375,000 oz in 2008.
Pamodzi has also acquired the President Steyn gold mine from Thistle.
Etruscan Resources announced an
updated resource estimate on its Blue
Gum diamond project of 20.5 Mm3 of
indicated resource and 17 Mm3of
inferred diamond resource, grading 1.77
ct/100 m3 for the upper gravel package
and 2.85 ct/100 m3 for the lower gravel
package. The Blue Gum project comprises three adjacent diamond properties, Nooitgedacht, Hartbeestlaagte,
and Zwartrand, covering >10,000
hectares in the Ventersdorp alluvial diamond district.
Paramount Mining continues to
recover occasional large diamonds from
bulk sampling at the Peakstar property
in the Free State, including one from 45
m depth weighing 7.64 carats.
Petra Diamonds, which bought
three diamond operations from De
Beers in the past year, has almost
quadrupled revenue in the six months
from $8.2 to $31.6 M. Revenue was generated mainly from Koffiefontein,
which it took over from De Beers in July,
and from its Sedibeng, Helam, and
Star diamond mines. The purchase of
Kimberley underground operations and
the Cullinan diamond mine from De
Beers is still being finalized. These transactions are expected to lift Petra’s diamond output from its South African
operations to 250,000 carats in 2008
from 180,000 carats in 2007. An average price of $408/carat was obtained
from the Koffiefontein diamonds, as
against $182/carat at the other three
mines. Two exceptional gems found
recently were sold for more than $1 M
each: a 74.7-carat diamond from
Koffiefontein and a 99.43-carat find
from Sedibeng.
The legal battle between mining
giant De Beers and the minerals and
energy department over the control of
diamond mine dumps said to contain
deposits worth billions of rands may
continue after the department said yesterday it might appeal against last
month’s ruling by the Bloemfontein
High Court in favor of De Beers. De
Beers had taken the department to
court to stop it granting a prospecting
right to empowerto page 26 . . .
ment company
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
Oropa Limited has secured a third
Exclusive Prospecting Licence covering a
total area of 1,283 km2 in the Chizani
area of central Malawi. Oropa will
explore for uranium and other minerals, including copper, gold, silver, niobium, rare earths, tantalum, and tungsten. Uranium exploration in Malawi
reflects the high level of interest in the
Kayelekera uranium project in the
north of the country by Paladin, where
roll-front style mineralization is hosted
by Karoo sandstone and mudstones.
Commissioning at Kyalakera is scheduled for late 2008, with a planned
annual production of 3.3 Mlb of U3O8
over a mine life of 7 years, based on
reported Proven and Probable Ore
Reserves of 10.46 Mt at 0.108% U3O8.
Uranium in Malawi is not limited to
Karoo-hosted deposits and Globe is currently exploring uranium-niobium-tantalum mineralization in alkali granite
at the Kanyika project.
SEG NEWSLETTER
26
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
25
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Exploration Reviews (Continued)
Ataqua Mining on De Beers’
Jagersfontein tailings dump in Free
State, where mining ceased in 1971.
Rio Tinto has made a significant
bituminous thermal coal discovery in
Limpopo Province, which has total
resource size of over 1.04 billion tonnes.
Preliminary studies have shown that up
to 40% of the Chapudi resource might
be recoverable. Exploration rights to
Chapudi are held by two joint-venture
companies; Chapudi Coal, in which Rio
holds a 70% stake, and Kwezi Mining
Exploration, in which Rio has a 49%
interest.
ASA Metals, which is owned jointly
by Sinosteel (60%) and Limpopo
Economic Development Enterprise
(40%), is to embark on a major expansion of its chrome mining and smelting
operation at Dilokong, in the eastern
Bushveld. ASA Metals took control in
1997, and now beneficiates around
320,000 t chromite ore to produce around
115,000 tpa chrome only 30% of which
goes to China. ASA has mining rights to
more than 47 million tonnes (Mt)
chromite resources and plans to sink
two new shafts and build a 1.2 Mtpa
beneficiation plant, and a 600,000 tpa
pelletizing and sintering plant.
Lesego Platinum, owned by MinEx
and Umbono Platinum Mining, has
announced a 28 Moz inferred PGM and
gold resource for its Phosiri project in
the Bushveld Complex. The project has
an average grade of 6.43 g/t and an
estimated 30-year lifespan. It is anticipated that the company will list on the
JSE later in the year and that mining
might commence is 2010.
TANZANIA
Mantra Resources announced that
zones of sandstone-hosted uranium
mineralization have been intersected at
the Mkuju River project in southern
Tanzania. Best hole intersections are 15
m of 1,582 ppm U3O8 at shallow depth.
Resolute Mining Ltd announced
that the Golden Pride mine, 750 km
northwest of Dar es Salaam, produced
138 koz of gold from throughput of 2.5
Mt@ 1.94g/t Au in 2007.
ZAMBIA
Zambia will earn up to $400 M after
introducing new windfall and variable
profit taxes on copper exports in a bid
to boost social sectors. Treasury data for
2007 shows only $142 M in mineral
royalty and company tax was collected
from earnings of $4.7 billion in copper
and cobalt exports by foreign mine
owners. The new regime will effectively
increase mining taxes to 47% from
31.7%.
African Energy Resources
announced an updated resource estimate for the Njame uranium deposit in
the Chirundu joint-venture project.
Inferred resources are estimated at 8.8
Mt grading 340 ppm U3O8 at 100 ppm
cutoff, containing 3,000 t of U3O8.
ZIMBABWE
To add to the country’s woes, two
pylons carrying electricity cables from
Cahora Bassa dam in Mozambique collapsed in January after thieves stole
supporting wires, causing a break in
transmission. The cables feed power to
most of Harare’s heavy industrial areas.
In addition, the Hwange Colliery
stopped mining coal for adjacent
Hwange, the country’s largest power
station, following a power cut. The colliery is the sole supplier of coal to the
1200-MW thermal power station. The
colliery has been producing 30,000 t of
coking coal a month, against a target of
50,000 t. Although the colliery sits on a
coalfield with an estimated life of 5,000
years, it struggles to meet national
demand.
ASIA
Regional Correspondent:
Paul L. Zweng (SEG 2003F)
QGX Ltd.
131 Merano St.
Danville, California 94526-1968
Tel. 925-855-0505
E-mail: [email protected]
Contribution from
Andrew E. Nevin (SEG 1979) – India
CAMBODIA
Exploration in the Okvau (Au) area at
Oxiana’s (80%) Shin Ha joint-venture
project delineated additional drill targets where previous drilling has outlined an intrusion-related gold system.
CHINA
The longest interval from three recently
drilled holes by Asia Now at the Habo
porphyry Cu-Mo-Au project (Yunnan)
reported a disappointing 134.4 m of
0.26% Cu, 0.03 g/t Au, and 0.01% Mo.
Continental Minerals announced
the last holes of the 2007 drilling program at Newtongmen (Xietongmen
project) (Tibet), including hole 7229,
which cut 594 m of 0.35% Cu and 0.25
g/t Au.
Eldorado Gold announced that at
end of 2007 the measured and indicated resources at Tanjianshan
(Qinghai) totaled 10.99 Mt at 3.44 g/t
Vernon DeRuyter
Exploration Geologist
Tel: 520-419-2645, 744-8600
Fax: 520-744-8601
6880 West Ina Road
Tucson, Arizona 85743
E-mail: <[email protected]>
• International and domestic mineral projects •
Exploration • Development • Production
Prospect Generation and Evaluation
Geologic Mapping • Drilling Projects
Resource Estimation
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
APRIL 2008 • No 73
veins. Chinese-standard resources consist of 3.69 Mt grading 292 g/t Ag and
3.30% Pb (no assay data are available
for Zn). Silvercorp also announced the
discovery of high-grade polymetallic
structures at its Na-Bao project
(Qinghai), where Trench TC1 cut 20 m
averaging 16.2% Pb and 46 g/t Ag with
minor Zn and Cu.
Sino Gold Mining completed its
takeover of Golden China Resources,
thereby acquiring the Beyinhar Au project (Inner Mongolia). Sino Gold’s
White Mountain reserve estimate
increased by 81% to 6.5 Mt at 3.8 g/t
Au (0.8 M oz contained Au) whereas
measured and indicated reserves
expanded by 92% to 10.7 Mt at 3.1 g/t
Au (1.1 Mt oz contained Au) based on a
1.0 g/t Au cutoff grade.
Tianshan Goldfields announced the
combined measured, indicated, and
inferred mineral resource for YelmandJinxi, Mayituobi, and Lion at its 90%owned Gold Mountain (Xinjiang) sums
to 95 Mt at 0.9 g/t Au containing 2.64
M oz Au (0.4 g/t cutoff grade).
INDIA
Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh,
Finance Minister Mr. P. Chidambaram,
and Minister of State (Mines) Dr. T.
Subbarami Reddy are trying to attract
foreign direct investment to the mineral
exploration and mining sector.
However, the bureaucracies of the
union government and the political
leaders of the state governments appear
to be behind the times in this regard
and licenses are still not readily issued.
The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957
(MMDR), and related laws and regulations are promulgated by the union
government. The 28 India states have
domain over implementation of the
MMDR, subject to vetting of each proposed title grant by the central Ministry
of Mines.
The highly touted new mining policy
(http://mines.nic.in), based on recommendations of the union government’s
Hoda Committee, is still not law nearly
two years after it was drafted. In the
nonferrous metals sector, the new policy
would shorten the time required to obtain
Reconnaissance Permits, Prospecting
Licences, and Mining Leases (respectively
RPs, PLs, and MLs); expand the size limits on some tenures; add years to their
terms; and recognize that farm-outs and
joint ventures increase the efficiency of
exploration and mine development.
27
The new policy intends to make the
states act faster. Most states are clearly
abusing their powers. Five state governments have objected to implementation
of the new policy, and the central government cannot muster the political
will or power to force the issue.
In the first 10 months of the current
fiscal year, from April 1, 2007, to
February 5, 2008, the central government has approved only 87 mineral
tenures in the diamond and nonferrous
metals sector (including chromite, but
excluding bauxite and manganese).
Fifty-seven are RPs, 24 are PLs, and 6
are MLs. During the 2006-2007 fiscal
year, the central government approved
only 3 RPs, 13 PLs, and 3 MLs in the sector. As of February 2008, 28 RP and 22
PL applications for the same minerals
are under process by the central government, many dating back to 2005 or
2006. In some instances the central government has asked for clarification
from the originating state and has not
yet recorded a response.
This is a poor showing for a democratic country that is the world’s largest
importer of gold, about 800 tonnes (t)
annually, and mines only about 45,000
t of its 800,000-t copper market.
Apology: In the last quarter’s
newsletter we should have written
Australian Indian Resources Pty. Ltd.
instead of Indian Australian Resources.
LAOS
Up to 19 drill rigs are supporting
Oxiana’s exploration/resource-delineation programs at Sepon Copper and
Sepon Gold. At Thengkham East,
drilling returned 5 m at 2.8% (supergene) Cu and 26 m at 1.4% (hypogene)
copper. Drilling at Ban Mai indicated
that the gold is spotty with higher-grade
intervals between 2.5-18.5 g/t Au.
Initial drilling at Kengkeuk returned 3
m at 7.5 g/t Au. The Laos-wide reconnaissance program under the Anglo
Gold Ashanti Alliance proved disappointing and has been discontinued.
Pan Australian announced that the
best hole (HDD028) recently drilled at
Ban Houayxai intersected 378 m of 0.7
g/t Au and 8.3 g/t Ag starting at surface.
MONGOLIA
East Asia Minerals reported multiple
0.5- to 3.0-m-wide intercepts ranging
from 0.022 to 0.067% U in Holes EN2007-13, -14, and -15
to page 28 . . .
at its Enger project.
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
Au (1.217 M oz Au), whereas proven
and probable reserves totaled 7.342 Mt
at 3.96 g/t Au (0.934 M oz Au) using a
1.0 g/t Au cutoff grade.
Drilling its Yellow Mountain Ni-Cu
project (Huangshan) by GobiMin confirmed the continuity of Lense #30 and
extended it by 300 m. One of the best
holes, GYM07-03, intersected disseminated to semimassive sulfide averaging
0.60% Ni and 0.40% Cu over 255.3 m.
Inter-Citic Minerals discovered a
new zone beneath the current resource
area at Dachang (Qinghai), where CJV299 cut 23 m averaging 5.03 g/t Au at a
vertical depth of 210 m. Some 1000 m
outside the eastern limit of the resource,
CJV-302 intercepted two new zones,
including 6.0 m at 11.69 g/t Au and
16.0 m at 3.91 g/t Au.
Jinshan Gold Mines announced a
NI 43-101 resource estimate for
Dadiangou (Gansu), totaling 26.3 Mt
grading 0.92 g/t Au, totaling 778,000 oz
Au contained in inferred resources (0.4
g/t Au cutoff grade).
Step-out drilling by Leyshon Resources extended the Main ore zone of
its Zheng Guang project (Heilongjiang)
by more than a 100 m to the north
where 10 holes cut 2- to 9-m-wide intercepts with 2.3-17.6 g/t Au, 10-31 g/t Ag,
and 0.1-2.6% Zn.
Minco Silver’s resource estimate for
its Fuwan deposit (Guangdong)
includes 11.945 Mt at 186 g/t Ag, 0.21
g/t Au, 0.10% Pb and 0.28% Zn (indicated) and 11.633 Mt at 191 g/t Ag,
0.25 g/t Au, 0.17% Pb and 0.48% Zn
(inferred) (50 g/t Ag cutoff grade). A
recent step-out hole, FW0147, cut multiple intercepts ranging in width from
0.75 to 40.30 m containing 199.00 to
926.33 g/t Ag. The 40.30 m intercept is
the widest drilled to date for the entire
Fuwan deposit and could represent a
potential feeder zone.
Oxiana is divesting their 25% equity
interest in the Rexing JV after drilling
at the Laoxuzhai Zn-Pb-Cu-Au-Ag project lowered the tonnage potential.
Oxiana signed an MOU with the Ningxia Institute of Nuclear Geological
Exploration to explore for Ni-Cu in the
Jinchuan belt (Inner Mongolia).
Red Dragon Resources failed to cut
significant mineralization during the
phase-two drilling program (3,619 m in
23 drill holes) at its Baoming Pb-Zn JV
project (Yunnan).
Silvercorp’s 77.5%-owned JV company, Henan Found Mining, acquired
the TLP mine (Henan). The TLP exploits
high-grade mesothermal Pb-Zn-Ag
SEG NEWSLETTER
28
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
27
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Exploration Reviews (Continued)
Six new holes reported by Entrée
Gold and Ivanhoe Mines confirm that
the strike length of the Heruga Cu-AuMo deposit extends for at least 1,800 m
and remains open to the N, S, and E.
Hole EJD0024 returned a 238-m-wide
intercept averaging 2.05 g/t Au and
0.52% Cu.
Phase II drilling at the Racetrack
South zone of the Zuun Mod property
by Erdene Gold yielded six intervals in
excess of 200 m, ranging from 0.0410.061% Mo.
Khan Resources reached a settlement of all outstanding litigation with
Wallace M. Mays, WM Mining
Company, and Nueces Investments
regarding its uranium assets. Khan also
received a 3-yr renewal for its exploration license at its Dornod U project.
The prefeasibility study for QGX’s
100%-owned Baruun Naran coal project estimated project financial returns
of US$499 M NPV (10%) and 33% IRR
based on mine production of 3.5 Mtpa
coking coal and 2.4 Mtpa thermal coal,
annual revenues of US$457 M, and
annual after-tax net profits of US$98 M
over 20 years. QGX received a mining
license for its Undur Tsagaan W-Mo-Bi
project.
Deep drilling at the Ovoot Tolgoi
underground coal project by SouthGobi
Energy Resources established an estimated 149-m thick coal seam. A US$5
M drill program is planned for Q2 2008
to delineate a NI 43-101 underground
resource. An initial NI 43-101 resource
for its Tsagaan Tolgoi thermal coal
project estimated 36.4 Mt (measured
and indicated) with an additional
inferred resource of 9 Mt.
Western Prospector concluded a
geophysical logging program of historic
Russian underground drill holes at its
Gurvanbulag U property in preparation for a feasibility study to be completed in Q3 2008.
PHILIPPINES
Boxxer Gold cited metallurgical recoveries of 79.2-89.2% Au and 58.4-80.7%
Ag for its Nalesbitan project.
Cadan Resources reported 115 m at
0.50% Cu and 0.14 g/t Au (19-134 m
depth) from TGD 14 in skarn at the
Tagpura deposit. Sampling of Adit 6 at
the Kalamantan porphyry deposit
returned 14- to 140-m-wide intervals
containing 0.10-0.20 g/t Au and 0.150.44% Cu.
The new mineral resource estimate
for the Tampakan porphyry project
owned by the Xstrata-Indophil
Resources JV increased by over 10% in
both tonnes and contained copper.
Measured, indicated, and inferred
resources totaled 2.2 bt at 0.6% Cu and
0.2 g/t Au containing 12.8 Mt Cu and
15.2 Moz Au (0.3% Cu cutoff).
Medusa Mining drilled 0.60- to 3.35m-wide intercepts ranging between 7.27
and 14.28 g/t Au from veins at its
Anoling project located ~8 km from its
Co-O plant. The best drill intercepts from
the new Catto vein at the Co-O mine
included MD-57 (3.30 m at 26.09 g/t Au)
and MD 48 (1.95 m at 22.202 g/t Au).
Mindoro Resources announced that
357,000 oz Au are contained in indicated and inferred resources at its Kay
Tanda and Pulang Lupa epithermal
prospects (0.5 g/t Au cutoff grade).
Infill drilling by OceanaGold at
Didipio (32.98 Mt at 1.48 g/t Au, and
0.58% Cu) improved the understanding
of the high-grade Au-Cu core. DDH0202
reported 145.4 m true width of 2.42 g/t
Au and 0.39% Cu from the high-grade
zone.
Philiex Gold reported that Hole TSD124 (322 m at 0.96 g/t Au and 0.91%
Cu) confirmed the potential for highergrade quartz stockwork in porphyry at
the Bayugo deposit located 1.3 km NW
of the main Boyongan deposit.
SOUTH KOREA
Oriental Minerals announced a NI 43101 indicated resource of 5.7 Mt of
0.31% WO3 and 0.04% MoS2 and an
inferred resource of 50.7 Mt of 0.28%
WO3 and 0.04% MoS2 for the Sangdong
skarn deposit. A reconnaissance rockchip sampling program 2- 4 km west of
Sangdong yielded results of up to 2.41%
Zn, 0.84% Pb, and 48.4 g/t Ag.
THAILAND
Drilling by Amanta Resources at Mae
Lama confirmed a number of veins,
including the Mae Lama vein (0.1-1.0
m of 1.2-4.3% WO3) and the Mae Hong
Son vein (0.2-1.0 m of 1.4-7.6% WO3).
The veins can be traced for over 700 m.
Amanta acquired a special prospecting
license at Mae Chedi, a former highgrade tungsten mine in the Chiang Rai
province.
After poor results Oxiana replaced
the country-wide Thai Goldfields JV by
project-specific agreements covering a
gold prospect in SE Thailand and
VHMS-style base-metal projects in
north-central Thailand.
Pan Australian drilled 90 m of 0.6%
Cu and 0.2 g/t Au starting at 204 m in
DDH P1RD035 beneath the PUT 1 copper deposit at the Puthep JV. Another
hole intersected 14 m of 15.8 g/t Au, 41
g/t Ag, and 0.3% Cu in a diatreme breccia zone.
VIETNAM
Asian Mineral Resources received a
mining license for its Ban Phuc Ni-CuCo property in NW Vietnam.
Olympus Pacific Mineral doubled
the resource to 637,000 oz gold at its
85%-owned Phuoc Son project following a 10,000-m drilling program completed in Q4 2007. Olympus’ total published Vietnam (Bong Mieu and Phuoc
Son) resource totals 1.48 Moz gold.
CANADA
Regional Correspondent:
Tom Schroeter (SEG 1988 F)
Fjordland Exploration Inc.
510-510 Burrard Street
Vancouver, British Columbia
Canada V6C 3A8
Tel. 1.604.893.8365
E-mail: [email protected]
With Contributions from
David Lentz (SEG 1998 F) – Atlantic Canada
Monique Lavergne – Manitoba
Anne-Sophie Renou (SEG 2006) –
Ontario and Quebec
Ross Sherlock (SEG 1989 F) –
Nunavut and NWT
NEWFOUNDLAND
AND LABRADOR
In 2007, Tenajon Resources completed
12 drill holes totaling 3,633 m on its
Moly Brook Mo deposit, located less
than 5 km from tidewater.
Disseminated molybdenite and chalcopyrite are associated with sheeted
quartz veins over an area greater than
1 km2. The first round of drilling produced intersections of up to 373 m grading 0.066% Mo, including shorter,
higher grade intervals containing up to
0.134% Mo. Mineralization remains
open at depth and along strike. A large
drilling program is planned for 2008.
SEG NEWSLETTER
NOVA SCOTIA
interest in 825 km2 of the property holdings of Xstrata) and Val-d’Or Camp
(more than 212 km2). Alexis recently
acquired the former Lac Pelletier gold
mine from Thundermin Resources to
reevaluate the deposit and plans to start
production at Lac Herbin in early 2008.
Osisko Exploration began a feasibility study on the Canadian Malartic
open-pit project, with inferred resources
of 8.4 Moz of gold.
Aurizon Mines optioned the former
Heva and Hosco properties (Joanna
project) and delineated nearly 2 Moz of
surface resources grading 1.6 g/t Au. A
scoping study will follow.
Alexandria Minerals has a very
aggressive exploration program on the
Cadillac Break around Val d’Or, returning results such as 4.07 g/t Au over 8.65
m on the former Orenada zone.
Virginia Mines plans to spend $30 M
on exploration for 2008 on its projects in
the James Bay region. Breakwater Resources and Virginia Mines’ Lentille 08
zone on their Coulon JV project yielded
significant results at depth including
2.87% Zn, 1.22% Cu, and 27.61 g/t Ag
over 20.15 m, and 2.25% Zn, 1.92% Cu,
and 41.13 g/t Ag over 13.50 m.
The Langlois mine, operated by
Breakwater Resources, produces its zinc
(lesser values of copper, silver, and gold)
from narrow, tabular VMS bodies. Metco
announced that a prefeasibility study
will be conducted on the Orphée deposit,
located 6 km away from the Langlois
mil, which could become a source of
additional mill feed for the mine.
Moose River Gold Mines has successfully completed its environmental
assessment work on its Touquoy openpit gold project.
NEW BRUNSWICK
Beneficiation tests conducted by Slam
Exploration on its Nash Creek VMS
deposit yielded recovery rates of 90.5%
Zn and 81.5% Pb. Adex Mining is
developing the Mount Pleasant mine,
where the orebodies are estimated to
contain at least 100 Mlb of tungsten, 60
Mlb of molybdenum, 64 Mlb of tin and
880,000 lb of indium. Bulk sulfide flotation tests generated high copper recoveries of 99.3% on samples from First
Narrows’ Chester copper deposit.
MANITOBA
During 2007, exploration and deposit
appraisal spending were estimated at
$103.1 M, nearly double the $52.9 M
spent in 2006.
Manitoba’s high nickel potential has
attracted a number of junior companies, which are conducting exploration
and development work on previously
discovered deposits and former producers. Crowflight Minerals is advancing
the Bucko Lake nickel deposit near
Wabowden and hopes to be in production later in 2008. Drilling and feasibility related work is being conducted by
Independent Nickel at the former
Lynn Lake nickel mine, and by Victory
Nickel at the Minago River deposit. In
southeastern Manitoba, Mustang
Minerals is completing a prefeasibility
study on the Maskwa nickel project and
conducting other regional exploration
drilling.
New discoveries were made in 2007
by HudBay Minerals at their Lalor
Lake zinc property and a copper-zinc
discovery near Reed Lake was announced in the fall by VMS Ventures.
Both projects are located near Snow
Lake.
The high price of gold has stimulated
interest in two former northern producers. Carlisle Goldfields is conducting
drilling at the MacLellan mine property near Lynn Lake and Garson Gold
is drilling to upgrade the reserve base at
the New Britannia mine in Snow Lake.
QUEBEC
Alexis holds several properties in
Rouyn-Noranda Mining Camp (50%
ONTARIO
DeBeers’ Victor project is developing
one of 18 kimberlite pipes discovered on
the property. Sixteen of these are diamondiferous. The newly started openpit operation will have an expected life
of 12 years.
Noront Resources has completed
5,047 m of diamond drilling on its
Double Eagle nickel property. Results
include 117 m grading 4.1% nickel,
2.2% copper, 2.1 g/t platinum, and 7.1
g/t palladium.
Lake Shore Gold intersected more
gold at Thunder Creek near Timmins,
including 24.61 g/t over 7 m.
NUNAVUT-NWT
In the Qikiqtaaluk (Baffin) region, Baffinland Iron Mines is continuing with
development studies on direct shipping
iron ore from its Mary River project.
29
In the Kivalliq (Keewatin) Region,
Agnico-Eagle Mines are advancing the
Meadowbank gold project towards production. They have recently submitted a
Water Licence Application and are currently undergoing public hearings.
Comaplex Minerals has recently released revised resource estimates on the
Meliadine gold deposits and is completing an underground exploration bulk
sampling program on the Tiriganiaq
gold deposit near Rankin Inlet.
Kaminak Gold has recently signed a
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)
with Nunavut Tunngavik
Incorporated (NTI). NTI is the corporation established to implement the
Nunavut Land Claims Agreement on
behalf of the Inuit of Nunavut. This
MOU extends to Kaminak the uranium
rights on 18,000 acres of Inuit-owned
land, located in the Kivalliq district of
Nunavut, including the high-grade Lac
Cinquante uranium deposit. This is the
first time that any company has been
awarded the right to explore for uranium on these privately held lands.
The Churchill diamond project is
comprised of mineral rights to more
than 2 million acres located near
Rankin Inlet and Chesterfield Inlet in
the Kivalliq region. Joint venture partners Shear Minerals and Stornoway
Diamonds have completed a drilling
and bulk sampling program on the
Kahuna kimberlite and have consistently recovered high diamond counts
from the dike.
In the Kitikmeot (Slave province)
Region of Nunavut, Miramar Mining
was acquired by Newmont Mining
Corporation in a $1.4-billion friendly
takeover completed in late December.
This acquisition provides Newmont with
a gold resource of over 10 Moz and significant exploration potential in the
Hope Bay project. Newmont is initiating exploration and development
drilling in the belt.
Zinifex, an Australian zinc producer,
acquired Wolfden in early 2007, which
provided them with the large Izok,
Hood, Gondor, and High Lake base
metal projects, along with the closed
Lupin gold mine and the Ulu gold project, all located in the Slave province.
Zinifex is currently conducting development studies for these western Nunavut
deposits. Also in the Slave, Sabina Silver
has submitted its preliminary project
description and water licence application, which starts the permitting process
for its Hackett River
to page 30 . . .
silver-zinc project.
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
APRIL 2008 • No 73
30
SEG NEWSLETTER
...
from
29
Exploration Reviews (Continued)
In the NWT, Tyhee Development
has been actively drilling on its Yellowknife gold project. Significant results
have been returned from the Big Sky
project, which is located just north of the
recently closed Con mine in Yellowknife.
EUROPE
Regional Correspondent:
Mac Canby (SEG 2003)
Freeport McMoRan Exploration Corp
Cobham, Surrey KT11 2NQ
Tel. +44 1932 865 367
E-mail: [email protected]
Contributions from
Christina Lundmark (SEG 2006) – Sweden
Pasi Eilu (SEG 2002) – Finland
Peter Kodera (SEG 2002) – Slovakia
FINLAND
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Mining started in two major deposits in
Finland in 2007, Talvivaara (Ni-Cu-ZnCo) and Suurikuusikko Au. Resources
at Talvivaara are now 414 Mt of 0.26%
Ni, 0.14% Cu, 0.54% Zn, and 0.02% Co.
The deposit’s two orebodies are open at
both ends and at depth. The company
now considers expanding the volume of
annual mining, although it has yet to
produce a kilogram of metal.
Scandinavian Minerals plans production at Kevitsa Ni-Cu-PGE for 2010.
The Supreme Court of Finland
granted an environmental permit for
Dragon Mining’s Jokisivu Au property
(1.473 Mt of 6.8 g Au). The resource at
Dragon’s Orivesi mine, where mining
restarted in mid-2007, has been
increased to 1.383 Mt of 6.9 g Au.
Orivesi and Jokisivu now form a significant resource base for Dragon’s south
Finland processing plant. Dragon also
reports good intercepts from
Kaapelinkulma Au (S Finland) and
Hanhimaa Au (N Finland), including
4.55 m of 13.80 g and 9.95 m of 46.28 g
Au at Kaapelinkulma; and 5 m of 10 g
and 5 m of 7.46 g Au at Hanhimaa.
Since October 2007, Endomines has
reported ore-grade intersections from
five Au occurrences in the Pampalo
belt, with the most interesting result
from new lodes, including 10.95 m of
3.26 g Au just 1 km north of the known
Pampalo deposit, potentially extending
Pampalo beyond the current resource
(0.86 Mt of 7 g Au).
Scanmining filed for bankruptcy in
December, meaning closure of
Pahtavaara Au mine in northern
Finland and Blaiken Au mine in
Sweden, apparently due to major errors
in resource estimates for the Blaiken
mine.
Infill drilling by Nordic Mines
increased the resource of it prefeasibility
for the Laivakangas Au deposit, western Finland, to 10.3 Mt of 2.34 g Au
(M&I); inferred are 1.5 Mt of 2.4 g Au,
making a total resource of about
880,000 oz. North American
Palladium (NAP) has finally reported
the results of a new scoping study on
the Suhanko PGE project, northern
Finland, showing 152.5 Mt of ~1.1 g Pd,
0.245 g Pt, ~0.12 g Au, 0.077% Ni, and
~0.19% Cu (M&I resources), including
the Konttijärvi and Ahmavaara
deposits.
Nortec Ventures has completed a
drilling campaign at the Kaukua PGE
project, where the company is in joint
venture with Akkerman Exploration.
The recent intercepts from the 2.45 Ga
layered intrusion-hosted occurrence
include 41 m of 1.3 g and 11 m of 2.38
g Pd+Pt+Au.
Vulcan Resources received mining
and environmental permits for its
Kylylahti copper-cobalt project in eastern Finland. The definitive feasibility
study is now underway for mining and
processing 550,000–650,000 tpa of ore.
Recent drilling at Vulcan’s nickel
deposits in the Suomussalmi greenstone
belt, eastern Finland, has suggested
extensions for the known orebodies and
higher grades than the local average at
Sika-Aho, including 14.3 m of 1.28%
Ni, and Vaara, with 25 m of 0.69% Ni.
The first 3-D computer models by
FinMetal Mining on old drilling data
from the Hälvälä Ni deposit have delineated a distinct, steeply dipping nickel
sulfide-rich zone which is open at
depth.
Belvedere Resources has started
mine site exploration at its recently
acquired Hitura nickel mine in western
Finland; underground drilling includes
intersections of as much as 21 m 2.25%
Ni.
Northland Resources starts a scoping study with mine planning, bulk
sampling, and more drilling at its
Hannukainen iron oxide-copper-gold
deposit in NW Finland. Tertiary
Minerals is drilling the Sivakkalehto
IOCG occurrence near those held by
Northland. The latest intercepts
reported by Tertiary include 37.3 m of
22.4% Fe and 0.03% Cu, and 8.75 m of
34% Fe.
In the uranium sector, both Namura
and Mawson Resources have staked
claims in the Kuopio area in central
Finland. Namura has also announced
that it will continue exploration in its
existing claims at Kuusamo, NE
Finland, in summer 2008.
Mantle Diamonds and Kopane
Diamonds (formerly European
Diamonds) have a joint venture in
Finland, where Mantle can earn up to a
70% of all diamond assets of Kopane in
Finland.
Mondo Minerals has announced a
major expansion in talc mining in
Sotkamo, eastern Finland. An environmental permit has recently been
awarded for the new Punasuo open pit,
which is near the existing Lahnaslampi
mine. This means increase in talc production at Sotkamo from the present
220,000 t to 600,000 t by 2017. In
September 2007, HgCapital acquired
Mondo from the international white
minerals group Omya.
Other news from the industrial minerals sector includes reports from NE
and western Finland. Kemira GrowHow,
owned by Yara International, is at
work on permitting for possible mining
of the carbonatite-hosted Sokli apatiteniobium deposit. Norwegian mining
company Nordic Mining ASA has
acquired a majority stake of Keliber
Oy, which holds mining concessions,
permits, and approved plans for the
exploitation of lithium minerals at
Kaustinen, scheduled to reach production in 2010.
The latest database released for the
use of mining and exploration in northern Europe is the Fennoscandian Ore
Deposit Data Base (FODD). The FODD
was compiled in a joint project of the
geological surveys of Finland, Norway,
Russia, and Sweden. It contains information on more than 900 mines,
deposits, and significant occurrences
across the region. Data is given on location, mining history, tonnage, commodity grades, geological setting, age, ore
mineralogy, style of mineralization,
genetic models, and sources of data.
The database is freely available on the
Internet (http://en.gtk.fi/Exploration
Finland/fodd/).
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
TURKEY
Boliden increased ore reserves and mineral resources in the Boliden area to 7.0
Mt and at Garpenberg (Bergslagen district) to 20.8 Mt as of December 2007.
The Drake Resources Ltd and
Zinifex Ltd alliance has been granted
an exploration license that covers the
historic Falun copper mine in
Bergslagen.
Dannemora Mineral AB announced
that three independent consultant companies have completed a feasibility
study for the planned resumption of
operations in the Dannemora mine in
the Bergslagen district. An ore reserve of
28.5 Mt of 32.2% Fe and 1.8% Mn has
been calculated.
Northland Resources Inc reported
drill results from the Company’s 100%owned Salmivaara FeCu project. All
holes returned multiple intersections of
magnetite, with downhole thickness of
up to nearly 150 m locally. Mineralization at Salmivaara consists of magnetite with pyrite, pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite. It was discovered in 1897, first
drilled in 1904, and was mined for copper during World War II.
Tumi Resources Ltd has started a
minimum 2000-m core drill program at
its wholly owned Sala Ag property,
Bergslagen, once Europe’s largest silver
producer.
Gold-Ore Resources Ltd is investigating by-product sales potential for tellurium at Björkdal Au, where economically significant tellurium occurs in the
middling gold concentrate; the tellurium “boom” is from increased
demand for solar panels, high definition DVD discs, and computer memory.
Anatolian’s 2007 drill program at
Copler Au returned numerous notable
intercepts in the Marble contact zone,
including 124 m of 7.3 g Au in CRC-605
and 6 m 12.4% Cu, as chalcocite,
beneath gold-bearing gossan in CRC601. Anatolian also received a positive
scoping study for the 2.3 Moz Copler
sulfide resource, indicating cash costs of
$385/oz and initial capital of $161 M
for potential development during or
after mining of the oxide deposit.
Aldridge Minerals’ initial drill results
at its Murat Dag nickel laterite
returned mineralized intervals in 3 of
28 holes received to date, with best
results 4 m of 1.45% Ni in the widely
spaced holes. At the Halilaga porphyry
CuAu discovery, Fronteer and Teck
Cominco will expand 2008 exploration
to 11,000 m of drilling, including testing of targets outside the current
Central zone discovery. Eurasian
Minerals reports encouraging Au and
Cu results from its recent 955-m drill
program at the Sisorta high-sulfidation
target, including intervals of 35.2 m of
3.6 g Au and 8.6 m of 1.45% Cu.
Eldorado faces further delays in production at Kisladag Au as the case surrounding closure of mine will now be
returned to the Lower Administrative
Court, where it is most probable that a
new expert committee will be assigned
to review it.
SLOVAKIA
EMED Mining identified a third Aubearing, stockwork, and K-silicate altered
porphyry occurrence at Slatinske Lazy,
central Slovakia, but so far grades are
much lower (i.e., ~0.1 g/t over 249 m)
than at nearby Biely Vrch and Kralova.
Tournigan Gold reported a 28.1%
reduction of its May 2007 resource estimate at Kuriskova U deposit in eastern
Slovakia; it is now believed to contain
5.1 Mt of U308 at 0.323%; at 0.035% U308
cutoff; a high-grade main zone contains
3.3 Mt of U308 at 0.421%. The estimate
includes 10 of Tournigan’s 13 diamond
holes from 2006, three diamond holes
drilled by Tournigan in late 2005, and
13 relevant holes of 52 historical government diamond drill holes.
SPAIN
Ormonde Mining Plc announced JORC
initial inferred resources of 1 Mt of 0.7%
WO3 at its Barruecopardo project,
Salamanca. Auex and Longview
Capital jointly explore Betics Inc.’s
Baza AuCuFe target in southern Spain,
where surface sampling around historic
oxidized siderite iron deposits has
returned up to 3.4 m at 6.8 g Au and
1.86% Cu. Mineralization is hosted in
shear zones and veins in metasediments.
ARMENIA
Pioneering explorer Lydian Resources,
joint ventured with Newmont, intersected encouraging, near-surface Au
mineralization including drill hole no. 4
with 40 m of 3.4 g Au starting at surface, at its newly discovered Amulsar
high-sulfidation Au target, in the high
mountains of central Armenia. Amulsar
contains both higher grade, structurally
controlled mineralization and beddingparallel lower-grade mineralization.
SERBIA
Euromax Resources intersected 152 m
of 0.4% Cu and 0.38 g Au at its
Rudnitza CuAu porphyry prospect,
under option from Freeport. Dundee
Precious Metals reports newly recognized limestone-hosted Au(AsSb) mineralization on the western margin of the
Timok complex. An extensive soil sampling program identified gold-bearing
altered carbonates and andesitic intrusions and intrusive breccias; so far, 7
diamond holes/1435 m at Beljevina
North have returned intercepts of up to
19 m at 3.46 g Au.
In Kosovo, Lydian Resources discovered interesting Au mineralization
within a 1.5-km-long, open-ended soil
anomaly at its ultramafic-hosted
Rahovec prospect, including 73 m 0.87
g Au. Lydian also reports high-grade
PbZn values from surface oxide mineralization at Crepulje, northern Kosovo,
with most surface samples containing
>30% Pb+Zn. Lydian notes some similarity of the mineralization with nonsulfide, sediment-hosted Zn deposits
known elsewhere.
BULGARIA
Balkans Gold’s 23-hole drill program
at its Breznik Au intermediate sulfidation vein system in Upper Cretaceous
volcanic rocks returned intersections of
up to 1.7 m of 16 g Au, and extended
mineralization along strike.
GREENLAND
Ironbark (Australia) identified additional sedex ZnPb targets by reprocessing gravity data around its Citronen Zn
target, which by previous estimates contained roughly 16.8 Mt 7.8% Zn and
0.9% Pb (non-JORC) using 6% Zn cutoff; using a lower (3% Zn) cutoff,
Ironbark now estimates non-JORC
aggregate indicated and inferred
resources of 72.5 Mt of 4.23% Zn and
0.54% Pb.
to page
32 . . .
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
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Exploration Reviews (Continued)
LATIN AMERICA
Contributions by Country Correspondents
Angelo Peri Mundaca (SEG 1992)
Argentina-Chile
Minera Cielo Azul (Subsidiary of Coro Mining)
E-mail: [email protected]
Erme Enriquez (SEG 1985) - Mexico
Geotech Exploration Services, SA de CV
ARGENTINA
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Exeter Resource reported recent drilling
results for its Cerro Moro project,
located in the Santa Cruz province,
southern Argentina. In the Escondida
zone, drilling intersections include 7.53
m at 33.2 gpt Au and 2.219 gpt Ag, or
70.2 gpt equiv Au, including sections of
2.76 m at 86.7 gpt Au and 5,915 gpt
Ag, and 3.42 m at 53.3 gpt Au and 311
gpt Ag. In addition, follow-up drilling
results in the Loma Escondida vein,
immediately north of the main
Escondida zone, returned 0.74 m at
145 gpt equiv Au, containing 0.36 m of
92 gpt equiv Au, and 1 m grading 26.8
gpt equiv Au. Exeter is starting a baseline environmental study and intends to
complete the exploration of the project
and have a resource estimate in the
third quarter of 2008 and move it forward to a production decision in 2009.
Further north, in the Salta province,
Rio Tinto has optioned a 75% interest
in the Taca Taca project from Global
Copper Corp. To exercise the option,
Rio Tinto will pay Global US$80 M
within three years, and to maintain the
option during that period, Rio Tinto
must pay Global US$3 M in staged payments, complete 25,000 m of drilling,
and cover all Taca Taca property maintenance expenses. Upon exercising the
option, Rio Tinto will be responsible for
the first US$120 M in expenditures. The
Taca Taca property hosts a significant
porphyry copper-gold deposit, on which
over 24,000 m of reverse circulation and
diamond drilling in 156 holes has been
completed, to sustain a Historical
Inferred Mineral Resource of 106 Mt of
0.66% Cu and 0.13 gpt Au at a 0.4%
cog, or 240 Mt of 0.41% Cu (na Au) at a
0.2% cog. Also in the Salta province,
Mansfield Minerals has intersected, at
its Lindero gold deposit, 233 m grading
0.95 gpt Au, including 76 m of 1.24 gpt
Au. An updated resource estimation is
expected for 2008.
CHILE
In the Region II, Antofagasta, in northern Chile, Atacama Minerals has
increased its actual proven and probable reserves at its Aguas Blancas mine
to 37 Mt grading 605 ppm iodine,
20.4% sulfate, and 3.12% nitrate.
Measured and indicated reserves were
also raised, with an 86% increase to
51.3 Mt of 543 ppm iodine, 19.3% sulfate, and 3.21% nitrates, while inferred
resources now stand at 50.6 Mt at 430
ppm iodine, 18.1% sulfate, and 3.65%
nitrate. Estimates were calculated using
a 200 ppm iodine cog and a cash cost of
US$3.70 pt, and iodine price of US$23
per kilo. Aguas Blancas has been in
production since 2001 and is currently
producing 90 t/m, but with the
expanded reserves, the mine will produce 125 t/m.
Rio Tinto signed a JV agreement
with Chilean state-owned copper company CODELCO for exploration of the
Exploradora project, also located in
Region II. Exploradora is large, lowgrade, enriched porphyry copper
deposit, extensively drilled by CODELCO
in the past. Rio Tinto has the option to
earn 55% of the Exploradora prospect
by investing US$20 M in exploration.
Also in the Antofagasta region,
Fortune Valley Resources is optioning
from CODELCO a 65% interest of the
Anillo project, due north of El Peñón
Au mine. Fortune Valley is planning to
begin mapping and sampling in
February in order to define drill targets.
In Region III, Atacama, Metallica
Resources reported that its JV partner
Xstrata completed a feasibility study on
their El Morro copper-gold deposit. The
study contemplates an initial US$2.50
billion capital investment, including an
allowance for price escalation and 13%
contingency, with a project life-of-mine
capital expenditure estimated at
US$2.80 billion. El Morro is expected to
produce 192,285 tpy copper and
353,774 oz/y gold in the first five years.
Average output over the 15-year mine
life is 157,453 tpy of copper and
337,255 oz/y gold. According to the
study, El Morro will produce positive
returns, assuming long-term copper
prices of at least US$1.92/lb and gold at
US$500/oz, at an 8% discount rate. Cash
costs were calculated at US$0.74/lb for
copper after gold byproduct credits,
while the cash cost for gold production
is US$500/oz. The study is based on a
resource of 487 Mt grading 0.56% copper and 0.44 g/t gold with a 3.4:1
waste-to-ore ratio. Recoveries stand at
88% for copper and 69% for gold.
Farther south, in Region VII, Coro
Mining Corp, through its subsidiary in
Chile, Minera Cielo Azul, acquired
100% of the Andrea property from
Compañia Minera y Comercial Santa
Andrea Ltda, for a total of US$2 M,
according to the following payment
schedule: On signing (Paid) $50,000; on
or before 9 months from signature
$100,000; on or before 21 months from
signature $300,000; on or before 33
months from signature $1,550,000. In
addition, MCAL would make three
annual payments of $750,000 for a
total of $2,250,000 from the date of
commencement of commercial production. Andrea is a copper-gold prospect,
which was previously explored by two
junior companies focused on the delineation of mesothermal Au-Cu veins that
occur within a not-well-explored porphyry copper system, which is the main
target for Cielo Azul. Previous drilling
on the property intersected 49.4 m of
1.24 gpt Au and 0.81% TCu, 31 m of
1.16 gpt Au and 0.92% TCu, and 46.8
m of 1.39 gpt Au and 0.44% TCu.
In the southernmost zone of Chile,
Region XII, a bidding process for the
acquisition of the state-owned Isla
Riesco coal deposit was won by a partnership between fuel distributor COPEC
and the shipping company ULTRAMAR, with an offer of about US$30 M,
over the second bidder, BHP Billiton,
who offered US$27 M. Isla Riesco project
contains over 1.0 Gt of coal reserves,
which are of strategic importance for
Chile because of the lack of energy
sources, with coal being one of the most
economic ways to produce electricity.
MEXICO
In 2007, Canplats Resources
Corporation reported the discovery of
significant gold, silver, and base metal
mineralization over a widespread area
known as the Represa zone, within the
Camino Rojo property, located only 50
km SE of the giant Goldcorp deposit of
Peñasquito in Zacatecas State. A first set
of three RC holes returned values
between 0.76 and 1.10 g/t Au, 9.7 to
11.8 g/t Ag, and a combined lead-zinc
value of 0.51% over widths of 135 m.
APRIL 2008 • No 73
NORTHERN
EURASIA
Regional Correspondent:
Alexander Yakubchuk (SEG1999 F)
Lero Gold Corp, London, UK
E-mail: [email protected]
More detailed information can be found at
http://gold.prime-tass.ru
In Russia during the last quarter,
Severstal completed acquisition of
100% of Celtic Resources Holdings Plc
for £161 M. Millhouse Capital acquired
40% in Highland Gold Mining Ltd for
$400 M. These acquisitions signify a
buyback of Russian and FSU assets by
Russian oligarchs. There is wide speculation that acquisition of these two
AIM-listed companies are a preparation
for the forthcoming acquisition of
Sukhoi Log by the government.
Polyus Zoloto is also restructuring its
assets as part of the troubling business
split between Mssrs Potanin and Prokhorov. Polyus announced that it is now
planning to divest 11 of its exploration
projects—including Panimba in Krasnoyarsk; Degdekan, Vostochnoye, and
Chai-Yuria in Magadan; Kyuchus and
Pinigina in Yakutia; Bamskoye and
Apsakan in Amur; Mukodek in Irkutsk
—into OAO Polyusgeologorazvedka.
Kazakhstan announced a moratorium on new contracts until the government reviews the fulfilment of the previous contracts. At the same time, the
government announced that it will not
change the terms in the existing contracts, but production-sharing agreements will not be used in the new contracts. The government also plans to
increase taxes.
NORTHWEST RUSSIA
Ovoca Gold Plc announced a discovery
of 79,200 t of Mo eq in its Pelapak MoCu project in Kola Peninsula. Twentythree holes totalling 3,000 m were
drilled to delineate a preliminary
resource of 132 Mt @ 0.06% Mo eq.
(Mo+Cu) above the 0.03% cutoff grade.
Also on the Kola Peninsula, OOO
Malaya Pana is planning to approve a
49-t resource of 2PGE+Au in the Central
Pana Tundra project. This is a Stillwaterstyle intrusion, with other parts controlled by OAO Pana together with
Barrick Gold (Fedorova Tundra) and
Puma Minerals. The Fedorova Tundra
project contains a Russian-approved
resource (C1+C2) totalling 99.545 Mt of
33
ore at ca. 2 g/t 2PGE+Au. The beginning
of construction is planned for the end of
2008-early 2009.
URALS
OOO Valentorskiy Mednyi Karier won
an auction for the Turinsk area in the
Sverdlovsk region, hosting the
Kalugino VMS deposit with C1 resource
of 36.22 kt Cu, 26.41 kt Zn, 3.9 t Au,
and 52.27t Ag.
SIBERIA
In Krasnoyarsk, Polyus Zoloto is planning to spend some US$18 M on exploration work at the Kuzeevskoye ore
cluster from 2008 through 2012. The
estimates in P categories vary from 45 t
Au to 105 t Au.
Also in Krasnoyarsk, GKZ approved
resources of the Titimukhta Au deposit,
controlled by Polyus Zoloto. The C1+C2
categories include 27 Mt ore @ 3.06 g/t
Au for 82.8 t Au.
OAO Minex Resources won, at auction, the Kuturchinskoe property, estimated to contain 10 t Au in 4 prospects.
In Altai, OAO Uralelektromed, part
of UGMK, won two properties at auction in the Zmeinogorsk region: the
Stepnoye VMS deposit (C1+C2 4.947 Mt
containing 163.3 kt Pb, 53 kt Cu, 325.8
t Zn, 173.6 t Ag, and 1.975 t Au) and
the Talovskoye VMS deposit (C1+C2
3.587 Mt containing 176.9 kt Pb, 60.7 kt
Cu, 370.4 kt Zn, 116.7 t Ag, and 0.895 t
Au). The company paid approx. US$25
M for these acquisitions.
Also in Altai, GDK Sibir identified an
additional C2 resource of 9.5 t Au and
P1+P2 resource of 12 t Au in its
Sinyukhinskoye deposit, in addition to
current reserve of 18 t Au.
In Irkutsk, Polyus Zoloto is planning
to spend US$18 M on the recently
acquired Medvezhi prospect, estimated
to contain 80 t of gold in various P categories. OOO Geomin Management
won an auction for the Gurbei prospect,
containing 17 t Au in P1 resource.
In Chita, Micon International Co
Ltd completed auditing the resources
of the Bugdaya deposit, controlled by
Norilsk Nickel, stating that the
deposit contains 383.7 Mt ore with
335.8 kt Mo and 5 t Au. The deposit
contains an inferred resource of 233.2
Mt ore with 175.5 kt Mo. The Russian
approved resource for this deposit in
B+C1 categories is 436.2 Mt ore with
347.5 t Mo, 11.2 t
to page 34 . . .
Au, 193.5 t Ag, 41.4
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
Six additional holes, reported in
January 2008, returned an average
grade of 0.62 g/t Au, 14.88 g/t Ag,
0.28% Pb, and 0.40% Zn over an average width of 211.50 m, confirming the
continuity of mineralization at a depth
of 175 m. MAG Silver Corp. announced
the assay results from its 6,316-m program over 12 widely spaced diamond
drill holes, completed late 2007, on the
100%-owned Cinco de Mayo property
in Chihuahua State. Best results include
hole CM07-20, which cut 6.8 m @ 254
g/t Ag, 6.4% Pb, and 7.0% Zn.
Kootenay Gold Inc. reported results
from the first phase of drilling on the
Promontorio silver project in Sonora
State. The 22-hole program included
drilling on the Pit, Central, and Adobe
Breccias. Holes KP-02-07, KP-05-07, and
KP-09-07 at the Pit Breccia returned
23.25 m @ 527 g/t Ag equiv, 14.41m @
698 g/t Ag equiv, and 18.40 m @ 950
g/t Ag equiv, respectively. Holes KP-1707 and KP-22-07, performed on the
Adobe Breccia, reported intercepts of
30.9 m @ 129 g/t Ag equiv and 46.00 m
@ 162 g/t Ag equiv. Mineralization may
extend over an area of 2000 ? 500 m,
according to geophysics survey.
Silverstone Resources Corp.
reported results from 44 additional drill
holes of phase IIA drilling on the
Copala silver-gold project in the
Sinaloa State. The results are for infill
and exploration drilling on the AnimasRefugio vein in the Clemens-El Muerto
area. Holes SC-07-98, 99, 103, 105,
110A, and 124 reported 5.59 m @ 223
g/t Ag and 1.57 g/t Au, 9.91 m @ 138
g/t Ag and 1.10 g/t Au, 15.53 m @ 62
g/t Ag and 0.44 g/t Au, 7.52 m @ 153
g/t Ag and 0.87 g/t Au, 13.9 m @ 145
g/t Ag and 0.63 g/t Au and 4.0 m @ 214
g/t Ag and 1.67 g/t Au, respectively.
Cream Minerals Ltd. announced
new gold-silver inferred resources at its
Nuevo Milenio property in Nayarit
State. The new resources are from the
Dos Hornos and Veta Tomas veins for a
total of 245,584 oz Au and 30.6 Moz silver. Total inferred resources were estimated in 374,600 oz gold and 52.2 Moz
silver. Esperanza Silver Corporation
provided an update of results on its
Cerro Jumil gold project in the Morelos
State. Highlights from drill holes RCHE07-55, 57, and 60 are 1.17 g/t Au, 1.71
g/t Au, and 1.05 g/t Au; over widths of
85.5 m, 55.5 m, and 85.5 m, respectively. Drilling is still confirming the
gold mineralization continuity toward
the SE part of the Central zone.
SEG NEWSLETTER
34
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SEG NEWSLETTER
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33
Exploration Reviews (Continued)
kt Pb. In addition, there is 376 Mt of ore
with 252.2 kt Mo.
RUSSIAN FAR EAST
EXPLORATION REVIEWS
No 73 • APRIL 2008
High River Gold Mines Ltd approved a
preliminary resource at its Prognoz Ag
prospect in Yakutia in the amount of
71.5 Moz (indicated) and 39.2 Moz (inferred). This estimate relates to only 2
out of 30 veins at the deposit. The company is planning to achieve a 97 to 194
Moz Ag resource in 2008. Also in Yakutia,
OOO Nizhnelenskoye acquired the
Bolshaya Kuonamka diamond prospect for close to US$3 M; OAO Almazy
Anabara acquired the Morgogor diamond prospect for US$0.6 M.
GDK Sibir estimated a resource
potential at the Kekura prospect in its
Stadukhino area in Chuktoka at 37.5 t
Au in C2 category in 4 orebodies. Also
in Chukotka, a newly listed B2Gold
Corp will be conducting exploration at
the licenses around the Kupol deposit.
In Magadan, OAO Polymetall has
acquired Kubaka processing facilities
from Kinross Gold. Polymetall is planning to restart the plant with the goal of
producing between 150 and 250 koz Au
from the nearby small deposits. In
Khabarovsk, OAO Polymetall increased
a JORC resource in its Albazino Au
deposit from 1.1 to 2.24 Moz.
In nearby Amur region, Amur Minerals Corp is exploring for Ni and Cu.
The company raised an additional £2.59
M to finance its activities for 2008.
KAZAKHSTAN
European Minerals Corp poured the
first gold from its Varvarinskoye Cu-Au
skarn deposit in northwestern
Kazakhstan. The deposit contains 3.83
Moz Au and 195.816 kt Cu in measured+indicated categories. The
minable reserves are 2.34 Moz and
122.016 kt Cu.
KYRGYZSTAN
The Russian-Kyrgyz JV of Vychislitalnaya tekhnika and Sredstva Avtomatizatsii plans to start mining at the
Nasonovskoye Au deposit. The deposit
contains about 6.5 t Au in reserves and
has some Cu credits.
Kumtor Operating Company has
received a mining license for the
Sarytor deposit (0.3 Moz), located some
4.5 km from Kumtor (4.2 Moz).
Kentor Gold acquired a license in
the Central Naryn area for Pb, Zn, Cu,
and Ag.
China Shen Zhou Mining &
Resources Inc acquired Tun Lin for
US$10 M. This company holds a license
for the Kuru-Tegerek deposit, estimated
to contain 172.7 Mt ore in C1+C2 categories with 97.36 t Au, 1.02 Mt Cu,
4883 t Mo, and 2328 kg Re.
TAJIKISTAN
Tajik Geological Agency announced
that the Pamir Geological Expedition
has discovered an unnamed unique Ag
deposit in eastern Pamir at an altitude
of 4,500 m. The preliminary estimate is
a tremendous, hard-to-believe, 1500
Moz Ag.
CONTIGUOUS
UNITED STATES
Regional Correspondent:
Roger C. Steininger (SEG 1978)
Consulting Geologist, 3401 San Mateo Ave.
Reno, NV 89509
(775) 323-7775 FAX (775) 323-1134
E-mail: [email protected]
Climax is back, and no, I am not
returning. FPDCACM Mining Company
(see the October 2007 column*) is going
to spend $500 M to restart the mine and
build a new mill complex. The reserve is
180 Mt of 0.165% Mo, plus an additional 466 Mt of mineralized material
grading 0.17% Mo. Way back when, we
looked at taking the entire deposit as
open pit, which was attractive. Any bets
the entire mountain eventually goes?
Midway Gold started permitting for
a 3,000-ft decline to explore, obtain a
bulk sample, and possibly develop the
77 high-grade gold intercepts currently
known on the Midway property, most of
which are north of one-half ounce of
gold per ton. These intercepts are in a
series of en echelon quartz-adulariagold veins clustered along a 1.5 northwest-trending zone of mineralization.
Further to the north, a new resource
estimate at Spring Valley outlines a
deposit of about 50.6 Mt with an average grade of 0.0196 opt Au (0.006 opt
*Editor’s note: FPDCACM = Freeport-Phelps
Dodge-Cyprus-Amax-Climax Molybdenum
Au cutoff), but only includes mineralization which “has a reasonable prospect of economic extraction.” A $650
gold price was used in the study and
many mineralized areas were not
included since they were not potentially
economic at the level of drilling. The upshot is that the deposit is much larger.
Klondex Mines continues to expand
the Fire Creek gold deposit. Drilling
extended the Main zone to the south
and a drill hole encountered mineralization about 2,000 ft east of the Main
zone in an area identified at the
Northeast zone. Klondex is planning to
drive an adit to obtain a bulk sample
for metallurgical testing.
The headline reads “Coral Finds
Lower Plate,” which begs the question
of how much does Lower Plate sell for?
Coral Gold’s drill hole intersected, at
3,090 feet below the surface, 10 feet of
0.064 opt Au in “lower plate” limestone
which can only be treated as a geochemical anomaly. What next? This
could be a large money sink. They also
released a new resource estimate of
about 92.3 Mt with an average grade of
0.025 opt Au at the Robertson property.
Golden Predator Mines acquired the
Springer tungsten property from GE in
late 2006, and is considering returning
it to production and possibly adding a
second mill circuit to custom process
gold ore. This is an interesting concept
in these times of heady metal prices.
Good news continues to flow from
the “Pequop” property, along the newly
defined Pequop Trend. AuEx Ventures
is in joint venture with Fronteer
Development Group on the east side of
the range and Agnico-Eagle on the
west side. Drill hole results in both areas
reveal oxidized good, to very good, gold
grades over what might be considered
mineable thicknesses. One of the more
interesting intervals came from the
Mountain Top target which contains 30
ft of 0.280 opt Au starting at 130 ft
below the surface. This is the first hole
in the area. Is more drilling planned?
The January 2008 issue of Mining
Engineering contains an excellent article on Barrick’s South Arturo discovery
in the “over-explored and we have
found it all,” Carlin Trend. The deposit
currently contains about 1.3 Moz of
gold, with exploration continuing.
Rumor has it that the major players
along the Trend are also having success
replacing mined ounces. 1
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
35
SEG MEMBERSHIP NEWS
CANDIDATES FOR 1 FELLOWSHIP
To All SEG Fellows:
Pursuant to the Society’s Bylaws, the following candidates have been recommended for Fellowship by the Admissions Committee
and are submitted for your consideration. Each applicant’s name and current position are followed by the names of their SEG sponsors. If you have any comments, favorable or unfavorable, on any candidate, you should send them in writing before June 20,
2008. If no objections are received by that date, these candidates will be presented to the Executive Committee for approval.
Address Comments To:
Chair, SEG Admissions Committee
SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS • 7811 Shaffer Parkway • Littleton, CO 80127 • USA
Boyle, Alan P., University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Great Britain:
Murray W. Hitzman, Brian G. Hoal
Campos, Eduardo A., Universidad Catolica del Norte,
Antofagasta, Chile: Thomas Bissig, Richard M. Tosdal
Mo, Xuanxue, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China:
Noel C. White, Antonio Arribas
The Society Welcomes
The Following
NEW 1 FELLOWS:
The Society Welcomes
The Following
NEW 1 MEMBERS:
Ana Maria Abad Posada, GLENCORE,
Medellin, Colombia; Serdar Akca,
Aldridge Mineral Madencilik Ltd,
Ankara, Turkey; Tania Alegria, Minera
Lejano Oeste S.A., Santiago, Chile;
Janneth L. Alejandro Flores, Newmont
Peru SRL, Lima, Peru; Eric D. Anderson,
U.S.G.S., Denver, CO; Bayram Artun,
Teck Cominco, Ankara, Turkey; Alan
Aubu, Vale Inco, Thompson, Canada;
Mario Aurelio, Philex Mining
Corporation, Pasig City, Philippines;
Gregory Austin, J-Pacific Gold Inc.,
Reno, NV; Benard Ayongaba, GEOVIC
Cameroon PLC, Yaounde, Cameroon;
Joey Nelson Ayson, Royalco Resources
Ltd., Newman, Philippines; Bradley
Baker, BHP Billiton Iron Ore, Newman,
Philippines; James Balagna, Klondex
Gold & Silver, Winnemucca, NV; Aureo
Balita, Olympus Pacific Minerals,
Baguio City, Philippines; Catherine
Banfield, Saskatoon, Canada; Gilbert
Emerson Bascos, Portman Ltd., Hillarys,
Australia; Bernardo Beate, Escuele
Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador;
Emilie Bonnet, Hope Bay Mining Ltd.,
North Vancouver, Canada; Alan Boyle,
University of Liverpool, Liverpool, Great
Britain; Kylie Braund, Newcrest Mining
Ltd, Brisbane, Australia; Brian Brewer,
Great Basin Gold, Salmon, ID; Douglas
Brewster, Aussam Geotechnical Ltd,
Taringa, Australia; David Bridge,
Newmac Resources, New Westminster,
Canada; Mario Bringas Carrasco,
Newmont Peru SRL, Lima, Peru; Samuel
Brooks, Gryphon Minerals, Perth,
Australia; Steven Bussey, Western
Mining Services, Littleton, CO; Kara
Byrnes, Benton Resources, Whitby,
Canada; Victor Ivan Cabrera Heredia,
Newmont Peru SRL, Lima, Peru; Hillel
Cabria, Anvil Philippines Mining
Ventures, Itogon, Philippines; Amadeo
Cahuaya Ponc, Minera IRL S.A., Lima,
Peru; Peter Campbell, Loewen Ondaatje
McCutcheon Ltd., Oakville, Canada;
Hugo F. Caranza, Alex Stewart Assayers,
Mendoza, Argentina; Alexander Cardona Arias, Cordillera Exploraciones
Mineras S.A., Bogota, Colombia; Lope
Carino, Jr., Philippines Mines & Geo
Sciences Bureau, Quezon City, Philippines;
Simon Chalwe, Konkola Copper Mines
PLC, Chingola, Zambia; Sik Lap Chan,
XinJiang Gold Mountain, Tuen Min,
Hong Kong; Paul Chikwanda, Rovuma
Resources, Pemba, Mozambique; Joseph
Chimvinga, Equinox Minerals, Solwezi,
Zambia; Genesio Circosta, Pan
Australian Resources, Craigburn Farm,
Australia; Hilary C. Clarke, AURUM
Exploration Services, Kells, Ireland;
David A. Copeland, Paragon Minerals
Corporation, Garden, Canada; Laurent
Coulibaly, Orezone Resources,Ottawa,
Canada; Rex A. Crouch, Exploration
Geologists, Houghton, MI; Mark
Crouter, SRK Consulting, Spring Creek,
NV; Giancarlo Daroch, Minera Lejano
Oeste S.A., Santiago, Chile; James
Davison, Davison & Associates, Trail,
Canada; Tina Marie De Peralta, Anvil
Philippines Mining Ventures Inc, Sangilo
Itogon, Philippines; Luziane De Souza,
Ord River Resources Ltd., Sydney,
Australia; Michael C. De Wit, BRC
Diamond Core, Irene, South Africa;
Josue Delgado, Newmont Peru SRL,
Lima, Peru; Eduardo Diaz Arias,
Newmont Peru SRL, Lima, Peru; Colin
Earl, Kinross, Vancouver, Canada;
Mischa Ellanna, Bristol Environmental
& Engineering,
to page 36 . . .
Anchorage, AK;
MEMBERSHIP
Bernardo O. Beate, National Polytech
University, Quito, Ecuador; Cornel de
Ronde, GNS Science, Lower Hutt, New
Zealand; Michael E. deVillier,
DevXplore Limited, Glen Marais, South
Africa; Catharine E.G. Farrow, FNX
Mining Company, Sudbury, Canada;
Howard C. Golden, Western Metals Ltd.,
West Perth, Australia; Benjamin A.
Grguric, Western Metals Ltd., West
Perth, Australia; Diego M. Guido, CONICET-UNLP, La Plata, Argentina; Ian R.
Hardesty, Kennecott Greens Creek
Mining Co., Juneau, AK; Fernando J.
Henriquez, Universidad de Santiago,
Santiago, Chile; Venessa Lickfold,
Kumba Iron Ore, Pretoria, South Africa;
Lloyd M. McAlister, Newmont Mining
Corp., Ankara, Turkey; Daniel R.
Marinov, Rio Tinto Exploration, Lima,
Peru; Abani R. Samal, Pincock Allen &
Holt, Lakewood, CO; William C.
Vanderwall, Great Panther Resources,
Bullhead City, AZ; Ozcan Yigit,
Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University,
Canakkale, Turkey; Pamela Zohar,
Barrick Gold Corporation, Elko, NV.
Nelson, Eric P., Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO: Murray
W. Hitzman, Brian G. Hoal
Pal, Dipak C., Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India: Biswajit
Mishra, Mark D. Barton
Viera Ramos, Franklin, IAMGOLD-Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador:
Jeffrey W. Hedenquist, Brian G. Hoal
36
MEMBERSHIP
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
35
No 73 • APRIL 2008
SEG Membership News (Continued)
Romiro Encina, Omega Gold Resources
Philippines Inc, Sta Rosa City,
Philippines; John Everest, FNX Mining,
Sudbury, Canada; Noah Ferree, M2
Technical Services, Spokane, WA; Tony
Field, Australian Solomons Gold,
Brisbane, Australia; Watson Flores, IRSA
- GLENCORE, Lima, Peru; Dennis
Francisco, Omega Gold Resources
Philippines Inc, Mangatarem, Philippines;
Silvio A. Franco, Underworld Resources,
Mendoza, Argentina; Robert L. Galyen,
Galyen Geologic Consulting, Wise River,
MT; Abdulrasaq A. Garba, Nigeria
Geological Survey Agency, Garki Abuja,
Nigeria; Donald Gee, Cantech Capital
Corp, Burnaby, Canada; Ignacio
Gonzalez-Alvarez, University of Western
Australia, Perth, Australia; Francoise
Goutier, KIVU Gold Corporation,
Montreal, Canada; Stuart Graham, Rio
Tinto, Bandoora, Australia; Garth
Graves, Cornerstone Ecuador S.A.,
Cuenca, Ecuador; Lauren Greenlaw,
Teck Cominco Ltd., Vancouver, Canada;
Concetta Gulluni, Teck Cominco Ltd.,
Burnaby, Canada; Sophie Hancock,
Atkins Ltd., Bennett, CO; Aaron Hantler,
AngloGold Ashanti, Wembley, Australia;
Mark Hawksworth, Yamana Gold Inc.,
Reno, NV; Robert Heaslop, Rio Tinto
Exploration, Perth, Australia; James Jun
Hernando, Geograce Resources, Quezon
City, Philippines; Christina M. Houts,
Exploration Geologists, Houghton, MI;
Deborah James, Northern Freegold
Resources, Vancouver, Canada; Michael
Jara, Oceanagold Philippines, Metro
Manila, Philippines; Kendra A.
Johnston, Atna Resources, Vancouver,
Canada; Mario Justino, Diagnos Inc.,
Brossard, Canada; Jean-Jacques
Kachrillo, Lamancha Resources,
Montreal, Canada; Sean Keenan, RFC
Management LLC, Denver, CO; Sello
Kekana, Platreef Resources, Mokopane,
South Africa; George King, Formation
Capital Corp, Salmon, ID; Kalin
Kouzmanov, University of Geneva,
Geneva, Switzerland; Ulrich H.
Kretschmar, Geoscience Associates,
Orillia, Canada; Gilles Lanthier, Everton
Resources, L’Ascension, Canada;
Douglas A. Leishman, Consultant,
Bowen Island, Canada; Calvin Li, QGX
Ltd, Piedmont, CA; Gustavo Loyola,
Compania Minera Antamina S.A., Lima,
Peru; Rob Mackie, Anglo American
Exploration (Canada) Ltd, Vancouver,
Canada; Roderick MacLeod, Montanore
Minerals Corp, Rapid City, SD; John A.
McClintock, Savant Explorations,
Vancouver, Canada; Alvaro Mamani
Calderson, Newmont Peru SRL, Lima,
Peru; Ruben Manriquez, Industrias
Penoles SA de CV, Chihuahua, Mexico;
Callum Mark, Clearwater Resources Ltd,
Blaine, WA; Maria Marquina Robles,
Minera Yanacocha SRL, Lima, Peru;
Stephen Marshfield, Xstrata Nickel,
Falconbridge, Canada; Alexander
Mason-Apps, Signet Mining Services
Ltd., Benmore, South Africa; Hamilton
Matias, Compania Minera Antamina
S.A., Lima, Peru; Alexandra Mauler,
Mineral Services Canada, North
Vancouver, Canada; Evans Marshall
Mhuruyengwe, Rockover Resources Ltd.,
Bulawayo, Zimbabwe; Bernard Moine,
CNRS - Toulouse University, Valence
d’Agen, France; Olga Mokhova, Anglo
American Services (Russia) Ltd., Moscow,
Russia; Brian Morris, Great Basin Gold,
Winnemucca, NV; Victor Moyo,
Rockover Resources Botswana,
Francistown, Botswana; Elias Nacario,
Sumatra Copper and Gold Ltd, Baguio
City, Philippines; Steven Newkirk, Teck
Cominco, Delta Junction, AK; Jeremy
Niemi, Kinross Gold, Toronto, Canada;
Noel Oliveros, Philex Mining
Corporation, Pasig City, Philippines;
Giovanny Ortiz Ramos, Greystar
Resources Ltd, Bucaramanga, Colombia;
Didier S. Ouedradgo, URAMIN, Bangui,
Central African Republic; Luis Oviedo
Lucero, Resource Geosciences De Mexico
SA de CV, Hermosillo, Mexico; Claire
Palmer, Stratex International PLC,
Eastleigh, Great Britain; Reinhold-Bobby
Paloma, Aziana Exploration Corp.,
Manila, Philippines; James Patterson,
Retired, Qualicum Beach, Canada;
Helen Ruth Pein, Pangea Exploration,
Craighall, South Africa; Stephen G.
Peters, U.S.G.S., Reston, VA; James
Peterson, Peterson Geological
Consulting, Ellensburg, WA; Jose
Pineiro, Penoles, Guadalupe, Mexico;
Norman Pitcher, Eldorado Gold
Corporation, North Vancouver, Canada;
Patrick Portolano, EOSYS, Le Vesinet,
France; David Price, Golden Tiger
Mining NL, Sydney, Australia; David
Jose Quispecondori Vilca, Newmont
Peru SRL, Lima, Peru; Pierre Riopel,
Xstrata Copper, D’Alembert, Canada;
Juan Felipe Rivera, Gold Fields La Cima
S.A., Lima, Peru; Amanda Rowe, Climax
Molybdenum, Empire, CO; Martin
Rowe, Rockover Resources, Cape Town,
South Africa; Jaroslav Ruza, Ruza
Resources Ltd, North Vancouver,
Canada; Eric Saderhol, Consultant,
Elko, NV; Arnulfo Santiago, Rusina
Mining NL, Muntinlupa City,
Philippines; William Scales, Formation
Capital Corp U.S., Salmon, ID; Fiona
Scholes, Caracle Creek Int Cons,
Postenburg, South Africa; Scott Shipley,
VonGonten Engineering, Houston, TX;
Johan Sjoberg, Dragon Mining Sweden
AB, Lycksele, Sweden; David Smith,
Hope Bay Mining Ltd., North Vancouver,
Canada; Justin Snyder, Newcrest
Resources Inc., Reno, NV; Craig Stanley,
Desjardins Securities, Toronto, Canada;
Gerard Stapleton, Xtreme Resources
Ltd., Springhill, Australia; Wilf Struck, C
V Enterprises Inc., Red Lodge, MT;
Ahmen Taleb Mohamed, Mauritania
Ministry of Mines, Nouakchott,
Mauritania; Danilo Tandoc, Anvil
Philippines Mining Ventures, Itogon,
Philippines; Rey Taylan, Manila Mining
Corporation, Cabagan, Philippines;
Michael Thompson, Xstrata, Mt. Isa,
Australia; Libas Ulaiwi, Ord River
Resources Ltd., Sydney, Australia;
Herbert Villano, Asiaticus Management
Corporation, Malabon, Philippines;
Anthony Vocale, Lennardshelf Pty Ltd,
North Perth, Australia; Christopher A.
Wagg, Wagg Mineral Exploration,
Denbigh, Canada; Hardolph
Wasteneys, Consultant, Campbell River,
Canada; Ingo G. Wender, Terrativa,
Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Desiree
Wentland, Maptek, Lakewood, CO;
Richard West, M2 Technical Services,
Spokane, WA; Kyaw Zin Win, Ivanhoe
Mines Ltd, Yangon, Myanmar; James
Withall, Baker Steel Capital Managers,
Kew, Great Britain; Urszula Wnorowska,
Rio Tinto Exploration, Belmont,
Australia; Kalem Wright, Perilya,
Broken Hill, Australia; Yuling Xie,
University of Science and Technology,
Beijing, China; Bruce Youngman,
CanPlats Resources Corp, Vancouver,
Canada; Cem Yuceer, Chesser Arama ve
Madencilik Ltd, Ankara, Turkey; Alireza
Zarasvandi, Shahid Chamran
University, Ahvaz, Iran.
The Society Welcomes
The Following
NEW1STUDENT MEMBERS:
Alif Aditya, Padjadjaran University,
Jatinangor, Indonesia; Brian J. Aillaud,
University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las
APRIL 2008 • No 73
PA; Aditya Dharma, Padjadjaran
University, Jatinangor, Indonesia; Paulo
Henrique A. Dias, Universidade Federal
de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil;
Sang Q. Dinh, University of Tasmania,
Hobart, Australia; Laura J.
Donkervoort, University of Western
Ontario, London, Canada; Matthew A.
Earthman, New Mexico Institute of
Mining & Technology, Socorro, NM;
Oluwafemi A. Faleye, Imperial College,
London, Great Britain; Andrew J. Fargo,
New Mexico Institute of Mining &
Technology, Socorro, NM; Yulia
Febriyeni, Padjadjaran University,
Jatinangor, Indonesia; Yonggang Feng,
Peking University, Beijing, China;
Augusto F. Fernandes, Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais, Nova Lima,
Brazil; Poliany M. Figueiredo,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Kathryn S. Flynn,
University of California-Davis, Davis,
CA; Eric Fournier, La Salle Beauvais,
Grassy Sur Somme, France; Daniel C.
Fragoso, Universidade Federal de Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Marie-desNeiges Gagnon, University of Quebec at
Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Michael
Galicki, Laurentian University, Sudbury,
Canada; Maria Florencia Gargiulo,
Universidad Nacional del Sur, Buenos
Aires, Argentina; Robert G. Goddard,
Cardiff University, Somerset, Great
Britain; Daniel T. Gradim, Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,
Brazil; Stefanos G. Grammenos,
University of Athens, Athens, Greece;
Gillian B. Gruen, ETH-Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland; Henrique A. Guimaraes,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Orsolya Gyori,
Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest,
Hungary; Mark Haldane, University of
Leicester, Leicester, Great Britain; Avery
D. Henderson, Lakehead University,
Thunder Bay, Canada; Diyan
Hermawan, Padjadjaran University,
Jatinangor, Indonesia; Richard W.
Herselman, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Melinda D. Hilber,
University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT;
Daniel L. Hill, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; David S. Holder, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Sarah C.
Hollingsworth, University of Leicester,
Leicester, Great Britain; Shari M.
Houston, New Mexico Institute of
Mining & Technology, Socorro, NM;
Yansan Jamyanbaatar, University of
Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; Nicholas
H. Jansen, University of Tasmania,
Hobart, Australia; Nils F. Jansson, Lulea
University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden;
37
Caroline Johnson, Cardiff University,
Cardiff, Great Britain; Rhian E. Jones,
Cardiff University, Vale of Glamorgan,
Great Britain; Jay Jungers, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Kerry A.
Klein, McGill University, Montreal,
Canada; Robert D. Knight, University of
Leicester, Leicester, Great Britain;
Matheus H. Kuchenbecker,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Gustavo K. Lage,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Francois
LaRochelle, University of Quebec at
Montreal, Quebec, Canada; David M.
Lawrence, Kingston University,
Kingston, Great Britain; Alexey V. Li, St.
Petersburg State University, St.
Petersburg, Russia; Nuo Li, Peking
University, Beijing, China; Zhi Guo Li,
China University of Geosciences, Beijing,
China; Mariasole M.L. Lombardo,
Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada;
Guo Lu, China University of Geosciences,
Beijing, China; Edward P. Lynch,
National University of Ireland, Galway,
Ireland; Joana T.R. Magalhaes,
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,
Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Ornella
Malaspina, Universidad Nacional del
Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Nicole
Malz, Freiberg University of Mining &
Technology, Freiberg, Germany; Antony
Mamuse, University of Western
Australia, Perth, Australia; Sian B.
Marsden, University of Western Ontario,
Kingston, Canada; Almaris Martinez
Colon, University of Arizona, Tucson,
AZ; Christina Martinez Tome, IGME,
Salamanca, Spain; John A. McBride,
Lakehead University, Thunder Bay,
Canada; Kenneth D. McCormack,
University of Western Australia, Perth,
Australia; John C. R. McNeill, Durham
University, Durham, Great Britain;
Celestine N. Mercer, University of
Oregon, Eugene, OR; Maria Michael,
University of Athens, Nicosia, Cyprus;
Friederike E. Minz, Freiberg University
of Mining & Technology, Freiberg,
Germany; Melanie Moll, ETH-Zentrum,
Zurich, Switzerland; Levente Molnar,
Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest,
Hungary; Micheal J.A. Moroskat,
University of Alberta, Edmonton,
Canada; Yves Moussallam, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Peter Mucsi,
Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest,
Hungary; Joshua Mukwakwami,
Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada;
Rohit Nandedkar, ETH-Zurich, Bern,
Switzerland; Shadrach K. Noku,
Hokkaido University,
to page 38 . . .
Sapporo, Japan; Luis
MEMBERSHIP
Vegas, NV; Joseph A.S. Allott, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Lucas I.
Alvarez, Universidad Nacinoal del Sur,
Buenos Aires, Argentina; Daniel
Boichwey Amoakoh, New Mexico
Institute of Mining & Technology,
Socorro, NM; Fan An, Peking University,
Beijing, China; Allen K. Andersen,
Washington State University, Pullman,
WA; John Mark T. Arcilla, National
Institute of Geological Sciences, Quezon
City, Philippines; Syafiq Arifullah,
Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor,
Indonesia; Charlotte Atteck, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Jian Bai,
Yunnan Bureau of Geology & Mineral
Resources, Kunming, China; Adam N.
Baldwin, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Semuel F. Baok,
Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor,
Indonesia; Ryan Bartlett, University of
Leicester, Leicester, Great Britain; Lee R.
Beasley, Auburn University, Auburn, AL;
Avishek Bharatiya, Utkal University,
Bhubaneswar, India; David Birch,
University of Leicester, Leicester, Great
Britain; Olayinka Bisiriyu, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Kevin R.
Bogdan, Auburn University, Auburn,
AL; Christian M. Boulter, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Valeria
V. Boyarskaya, Saint Petersburg State
University, Saint Petersburg, Russia;
Jamie R. Brick, Imperial College,
London, Great Britain; Jennie M. Byron,
Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada;
Xiaojeng Cao, China University of
Geosciences, Beijing, China; Jose
Cardenas, New Mexico Institute of
Mining & Technology, Socorro, NM;
Christopher E. Carey, Colorado School
of Mines, Golden, Co; Michael D.
Cassinerio, University of Nevada-Reno,
Reno, NV; David Casson, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Fabricio
A. Caxito, Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Bo
Chen, Peking University, Beijing, China;
Xu Chen, Peking University, Beijing,
China; Zuwang Chi, China University of
Geosciences, Beijing, China; Jake R.
Ciborowski, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Jude A. Coggon, Durham
University, Durham, Great Britain;
Elaine M. Coley, University of Leicester,
Leicester, Great Britain; Klara Collis,
University of Leicester, Leicester, Great
Britain; Matt L. Cosatt, Missouri State
University, Springfield, MO; Dora A.
Costa, Universidade Federal de Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Carlos H.
Del Hoyo, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Molly
M. Dendas, Juniata College, Huntington,
SEG NEWSLETTER
38
MEMBERSHIP
...
SEG NEWSLETTER
from
37
SEG Membership News (Continued)
A. Parra, Southern Illinois University,
Carbondale, IL; Mia M. Pelletirr,
University of Quebec at Montreal,
Montreal, Canada; Ross R. Pemberton,
University of Leicester, Leicester, Great
Britain; Edouard Penot, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Cristiany
Pereira, Universidade Federal de Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Laura
Petrella, La Salle Beauvais, Dijon,
France; Robert J. Phillipps, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain; Allison
R. Phillips, Washington State University,
Pullman, WA; Luke A.J. Plewes,
University of Leicester, Leicester, Great
Britain; Ian M. Power, University of
Western Ontario, London, Canada; Puto
Y. Pratama Dewantara, Padjadjaran
University, Jatinangor, Indonesia; Lea
Prudencio, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Geraro P. Puente De La
Vega, Imperial College, London, Great
Britain; Isabel A. Raszewski, Imperial
College, London, Great Britain;
Humberto L.S. Reis, Universidade
Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte,
Brazil; Alexandre Richard, LaSalle
Beauvais, Lyon, France; Caroline Richer,
University of New Brunswick, Fredericton,
Canada; Christian C. Rios, University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ; Lee T. Robson,
University of Tasmania, Hobart,
Australia; Hugo Rochefort, University of
Quebec at Montreal, Longueil, Canada;
Alan Rooney, University of Durham,
Durham, Great Britain; Samuel G. Roy,
University of Maine, Orono, ME; Daniel
Rutte, Freiberg University of Mining &
Technology, Freiberg, Germany; Joseph
P. Rutterford, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Nur Afrianti Saala,
Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor,
Indonesia; Vincent J. Schlageter, State
University of New York, Rochester, NY;
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Jung Hun Seo, ETH-Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland; Wes K. Sherlock, University
of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV; Haihua Shi,
China University of Geosciences, Beijing,
China; Choky M. Siallagan, Padjadjaran
University, Jatinangor, Indonesia; Asnita
Simamora, Padjadjaran University,
Jatinangor, Indonesia; Ridwan M.
Simanjuntak, Padjadjaran University,
Jatinangor, Indonesia; Chris P. Smeathers,
University of Leicester, Leicester, Great
Britain; Agatha Soful, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;
Weerapan Srichan, University of
Tasmania, Hobart, Australia; Kevin P.
Stack, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh,
Wisconsin Rapids, WI; Jeffrey A.
Steadman, Iowa State University, Ames,
IA; Benedikt Steiner, Imperial College,
London, Great Britain; Abigail E.
Stephens, Oregon State University,
Corvallis, OR; Madhumita
Subramanian, Imperial College,
London, Great Britain; Xingguo Sun,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing,
China; Agnes Sulistyaningrum,
Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor,
Indonesia; Richard Szabo, Eotvos
Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary;
Agnes Takacs, Eotvos Lorand University,
Budapest, Hungary; Juanjuan Tan,
Peking University, Beijing, China;
Haoshu Tang, Peking University,
Beijing, China; Liang Tao, China
University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;
Sebastien Tronel, Imperial College,
London, Great Britain; Deon Van
Niekerk, University of Hawaii, Honolulu,
HI; Stephanie N. Vanos, University of
Western Ontario, London, Canada;
Stefan Vollgger, University of Leoben,
Leoben, Austria; Huiyuan Wang, Peking
University, Beijing, China; Lei Wang,
China University of Geosciences, Beijing,
China; Rui Wang, Peking University,
Beijing, China; Shuo Wang, China
University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;
David H. Weeks, Imperial College,
London, Great Britain; Fei Wei, Peking
University, Beijing, China; Shaoni Wei,
Peking University, Beijing, China; Corey
J. Wendland, Lakehead University,
Thunder Bay, Canada; Luiza S.
Werneck, Universidade Federal de Minas
Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Paul K.
Whelan, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Stephanie J. Wilk,
Imperial College, London, Great Britain;
Derek S. Wrightson, University of
Leicester, Leicester, Great Britain; Zhen
Xiao, China University of Geosciences,
Beijing, China; Guogang Xiz, China
University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;
Jia Xu, Peking University, Beijing, China;
Yunxing Xue, Peking University, Beijing,
China; Kia Yang, Peking University,
Beijing, China; Guo Qiang Yang, China
University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;
Shefeng Yang, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beijing, China; David Yergeau,
University of Quebec at Montreal,
Montreal, Canada; Wang Yu, University
of International Business & Economics,
Beijing, China; Fan Zhang, Peking
University, Beijing, China; Yu Zhang,
Peking University, Beijing, China; Yuan
Zhang, Peking University, Beijing,
China; Scott T. Zellerer, Carleton
University, Ottawa, Canada; Qingtao
Zeng, Nanjing University, Nanjing,
China; Denis Zezin, McGill University,
Montreal, Canada; Bing Zhang, China
University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;
Yan Zhang, Imperial College, London,
Great Britain; Zhili Zhao, China
University of Geosciences, Beijing, China;
Joseph D. S Zulu, University of New
Brunswick, Fredericton, Canada. 1
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
39
SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS
JANUARY 1, 2008 – DECEMBER 31, 2008 (or until December 31st of the year listed)
OFFICERS
Dr. Neil Williams, President
Chief Executive Officer
Geoscience Australia
GPO Box 378, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
Corner of Jerrabomberra Ave. & Hindmarsh Dr.
Symonston ACT 2609, Australia
Brian G. Hoal, Executive Director
7811 Shaffer Parkway
Littleton, CO 80127-3732, USA
Harold J. Noyes, Treasurer
7811 Shaffer Parkway
Littleton, CO 80127-3732, USA
John F.H. Thompson, President-Elect
Richard J. Goldfarb, Past President
Antonio Arribas, Vice President for Regional
Affairs (2006 – 2008)
Eric Seedorff, Vice President for Student Affairs
(2008 – 2010)
COUNCILORS
2008
David R. Burrows
David R. Cooke
John L. Muntean
2009
Sarah-Jane Barnes
José A. Perelló
Yasushi Watanabe
2010
Benoît Dubé
Ferenc Molnár
Ricardo D. Presnell
PUBLICATIONS BOARD
2008
Jean S. Cline
David L. Kelley
2009
Murray W. Hitzman
Stuart F. Simmons, Chair
2010
Stephen E. Kesler
François Robert
Society of Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits
Hartwig E. Frimmel, President
Jan Pas̆ava, Executive Secretary
REGIONAL VICE PRESIDENTS
2008
Vertrees M. Canby – Europe
Judith A. Kinnaird – Africa
Isidoro B.A. Schalamuk – Latin America
Alexander Yakubchuk – North Eurasia
2009
Xuanxue Mo – Asia
Timothy Baker - Australasia
Mark D. Hannington
Brian G. Hoal, ex officio
COMMITTEES
FELLOWSHIP ADMISSIONS COMMITTEE
Anne J. B. Thompson, 2009 Chair
James A. Coppard, 2008
Christopher J. Carlon, 2009
David A. Giles, 2010
Toru Shimizu, 2010
Patrick J. Williams, 2010
INVESTMENT COMMITTEE
George R. Ireland, 2008 Chair
Donald J. Baker, 2008
Christopher E. Herald, 2008
Gary C. Huber, 2008
Jeffrey R. Huspeni, 2008
Harold J. Noyes, ex officio
Brian G. Hoal, ex officio
LINDGREN AWARD COMMITTEE
K. Brock Riedell, 2008 Chair
Nicolas J. Beukes, 2010
Craig J.R. Hart, 2010
Keiko H. Hattori, 2010
Richard J. Herrington, 2009
Stephen J. Jensen, 2009
NOMINATING COMMITTEE
Richard J. Goldfarb, 2008 Chair
David R. Burrows
Sergei A. Diakov
Jonathan M. A. Hronsky
Raymond R. Jannas
Stuart F. Simmons
Taihe Zhou
STUDENT AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
Eric Seedorff, 2008-2010 Chair
David W. Broughton, 2010
Lucy H. Chapman, 2009
SEG FOUNDATION OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES
Ronald L. Parratt, President, 2008
Robert W. Barker, 2008
Odin D. Christensen, 2008
Craig S. Bow, 2009
Leigh W. Freeman, 2009
Charles H. Thorman, Secretary, 2009
Jorge D. Benavides Alfaro, 2010
Leendert G. Krol, 2010
A. James Macdonald, 2010
SEG PUBLICATIONS BOARD Chair
Stuart F. Simmons
Donald J. Birak, 2011
A. Geoff Loudon, 2011
Barton J. Suchomel, Vice President, 2011
R. Patrick Highsmith, 2012
George R. Ireland, 2012
Borden R. Putnam III, 2012
Harold J. Noyes, Treasurer, ex officio
M. Stephen Enders, Past President, ex officio
Brian G. Hoal, ex officio
Kurt C. Friehauf, 2008
Fernando J. Henriquez, 2010
David F. Volkert, 2008
Peter J. Wormald, 2010
PROGRAM COMMITTEE
STEERING COMMITTEE
Richard J. Goldfarb, 2008 Chair
Eric Seedorff, 2008-2010, ex officio
Antonio Arribas 2006-2008, ex officio
Brian G. Hoal, ex officio
PROGRAM COORDINATORS
William X. Chávez, Jr., Field Trips 2008
Craig J.R. Hart, Workshops 2008
Benoît Dubé, GAC-MAC-SEG-SGA 2008
Pär A. Weihed, 33rd IGC 2008
J. Richard Kyle, GSA 2008
Richard J. Goldfarb, Peruvian Geological
Congress 2008
SOCIETY TRAVELING LECTURERS COMMITTEE
Antonio Arribas, ex officio, 2006-2008 Chair
Christine A. Horrigan, Secretary
International Exchange Lecturer
Sub-Committee
Andy R. Wilde, 2008 Coordinator
Nick J. Badham, 2010
Harold L. Gibson, 2010
Stephen J. Turner, 2010
Thayer Lindsley Visiting Lecturer
Sub-Committee
David R. Cooke, 2008 Coordinator
Lluis Fontboté, 2008
Jens Gutzmer, 2010
Gregory C. Hall, 2008
SEG CANADA FOUNDATION
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Gerald G. Carlson, SEGCF President
Alex J. Davidson
James M. Franklin
Edward J. Reeve
John F. H. Thompson
Neil Williams, SEG 2008 President, ex officio
Harold J. Noyes, SEG Treasurer, ex officio
Brian G. Hoal, SEG Executive Director, ex officio
MEMBERSHIP
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Neil Williams, Chair
Antonio Arribas
Richard J. Goldfarb
Harold J. Noyes
Stuart F. Simmons
John F.H. Thompson
Brian G. Hoal, ex officio
AUDIT COMMITTEE
Gary C. Huber, Chair
Donald J. Baker
Leendert G. Krol
BUDGET COMMITTEE
Harold J. Noyes, Chair
M. Stephen Enders
Stuart F. Simmons
Brian G. Hoal, ex officio
COMMITTEE ON COMMITTEES
Douglas J. Kirwin, 2008 Chair
Graham M. Brown
Catharine E. Farrow
Robert P. Foster
Steven L. Garwin
David R. Lentz
DISTINGUISHED LECTURER COMMITTEE
T. Campbell McCuaig, 2009 Chair
Nora Foley-Ayuso, 2008
Catharine E. Farrow, 2010
Keenan Jennings, 2009
Glenton J. Masterman, 2009
César E. Vidal, 2010
SEG FOUNDATION
Ronald L. Parratt, President
40
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Drs. B. J. Skinner
AND
MEMBERSHIP
J. A. Thoms
Awarded Honorary Fellowships
Brian J.
Skinner (SEG
1960 SF) and
John A. Thoms
BRIAN J. SKINNER (SEG 1971 SF)
have been
awarded Honorary Fellowships in the
Society by the SEG Council. The award
recognizes extraordinary service to the
Society and brings with it complimentary life membership in the Society of
Economic Geologists. Only nine members have received this honor since the
award’s inception in 1957.
Brian Skinner joined the Society in
1960. At the time, he was a research scientist with the U.S. Geological Survey.
He rose to become chief of the USGS
Branch of Experimental Geochemistry
and Mineralogy and then, in 1966,
accepted a position as professor of geology and geophysics at Yale University,
New Haven, Connecticut.
As a member of SEG, Brian has
served in numerous ways and on a
number of committees over 48 years:
Research Committee (1964–1965,
1966–1967; chairman, 1967), ad hoc
committee “to choose a nominee for the
National Medal of Science” (1967), Program Policy Committee (1968–1969); ad
hoc membership qualifications committee (1972), Information on Mineral
Problems Committee (1977–1979),
Penrose Medal Committee (1978–1980),
chairman, ad hoc committee on organization (the “Blue Ribbon” committee,
1988–1989), SEG President (1995–1996),
SEG Council (ex officio, 1969–2002),
chairman, Publications Board (2001–
2002), and Nominating Committee
(2004). He also served on the board of
directors for the Economic Geology
Publishing Co. (PUBCO, 1964–2001)
and as PUBCO President (1996–2001).
Brian has also been the recipient of
SEG awards for his work in geology and
for his service: SEG Silver Medal (1981–
first recipient of this award), SEG Thayer
Lindsley Memorial Lecturer (1983–
1984), SEG International Exchange
Lecturer (1985), Ralph W. Marsden
Award (2002), and Penrose Gold Medal
(2005).
Most significantly, Brian was Editor
of Economic Geology for 26 years, from
1969 to 1995, and served as co-editor
with Marco Einaudi during a six-month
transition period. Under Brian’s stewardship, the journal flourished and
became the preeminent mineral
deposits publication. As a tribute to
Brian’s work, the SEG Council agreed,
in 2002, to institute a new honor, The
Brian J. Skinner Award, to be presented
annually to the outstanding paper published in Economic Geology.
Coincidentally, it was Brian who
was the driving force in the important
merger of PUBCO with SEG, and John
Thoms, the other honorary fellowship
awardee, who worked with Brian on behalf of the SEG to help reach this union.
John Thoms became a member of the
Society in 1971. At the time, he was
geologist in charge of Cia. Minera
Nacozari, an Anaconda exploration
project in Nacozari, Sonora, Mexico. He
worked for Anaconda through its acquisition by ARCO, from 1963 until 1985,
rising through the ranks from project
geologist to manager of mineral property evaluation, to planning consultantcorporate planning, and finally was
manager of international metals exploration. John then became a consultant,
based in Denver, Colorado.
As a member of SEG, John has
served on various committees at SEG
through the years: Program Policy
Committee (1983–1986, chairman;
1994–1996, ex officio), Information on
Mineral Problems Committee (1987–
1989, chairman), Committee on
Committees (1989–1990, chairman),
Councilor (1991–1992), Research
Committee (1994–1997, ex officio),
SEG Investment Committee (1997–
2007; 2004, chairman), Executive
Editor, SEG Newsletter (1998–2000),
2002 Conference Fund-Raising Committee (2001–2002, chairman), SEG
Publications Board (2001–2004; 2004,
chairman), ad hoc committee on balance, scope, and mix of SEG publications (2003), Budget Committee
(2003–2005).
In service
to the SEG
Foundation,
John has also
served in variJOHN A. THOMS
ous offices:
Trustee (2001–2005), Nominating
Committee (2001), Fund-Raising
Committee (2002–2004; 2004, chairman), SEGF Vice President (2004), SEGF
President (2005–2006), and SEGF Past
President (2007). In addition, for the
now merged Economic Geology Publishing Co., John held positions on the
board of directors (1992–2001) and as
business manager (1998–2001).
Most members, however, will recognize John as the volunteer SEG Executive Director from 1992 through 2000.
During that period, he spearheaded the
change of SEG administration from a
one-person home basement office into
the international headquarters with a
paid staff. The impressive structure that
houses SEG today in Littleton, Colorado,
began in 1996 with a contribution from
an Anonymous Donor, with whom
John worked closely in funding and
design of the building through its completion in 2000.
The list of offices and committees
scarcely does credit to the skills and
dedication that John has brought into
service for the Society. He has an eye for
detail but a sense of humor that keeps
focus on the larger perspective of serving the membership. John has been a
huge factor in creating a sense of community within the SEG through his
unerring sense of diplomacy and interest in the individual members who
make up the Society.
For his outstanding service to SEG,
John was named the Ralph W. Marsden
Awardee in 1999 and was recognized by
staff in 2000, when he turned over the
directorship to Brian Hoal.
The SEG is pleased to recognize
Brian Skinner and John Thoms as
Life Fellows. 1
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
41
personal notes & news
C A R E E R - R E L A T E D
C H A N G E S
D E A T H S
LAWRENCE DICK (SEG 1987 F) has been
appointed a director of Great Bear
Uranium Corp.
WILLIAM STONE (SEG 2005) was appointed
vice president of exploration for North
American Palladium.
MICHAEL D. DOGGETT (SEG 2001) was
named a director of Inter-Citic Minerals.
MILES R. WORSLEY (SEG 1999) was named
vice president of exploration for
Constitution Mining.
DONALD GEE (SEG 2008) has been
appointed president and chief executive of
Great Bear Uranium Corp.
PIERRE J. GOOSSENS (SEG 1973 F) has been
elected chairman of Bugeco s.a. and
remains one of its directors. He also has
been appointed director of SearchGold
Resources, Canada, and emeritus professor of the University of Liege, Belgium, as
well as High Officer of the Crown Order,
Belgium.
LEENDERT G. KROL (SEG 1983 F) has been
named as a director for StrataGold.
GASTON LOYOLA (SEG 1999) has been
appointed vice president of exploration for
Norsemont Mining Inc.
STEPHEN J. PIERCEY (SEG 2002 F) was
appointed to the advisory board of New
Island Resources.
PETER POLLARD (SEG 1985 F) has been
appointed as technical advisor with Kalimantan Gold Corp Ltd for exploration at
the company’s Jelai gold project.
PATRICIA SHEAHAN (SEG 1983 F) has been
appointed a director of World Ventures.
A W A R D S &
A C C O M P L I S H M E N T S
MDRU Acknowledged
The Mineral Deposit Research Unit of
The University of British Columbia has
received a Special Tribute Award from
the Association of Mineral Exploration
British Columbia for its role in mineral
exploration research, training the next
generation of geoscientists, providing a
venue for gaining experience, and contributing to the Vancouver community.
ALEXANDER S. YAKUBCHUK (SEG 1999 F)
has been appointed a director and CEO of
Lero Gold.
D E A T H S
NORMAN HENRY FISHER (SEG 1941 LF) — 1909–2007
Contributed by Neil Williams (SEG 1982 F) – SEG President, 2008
Dr. Norman Henry Fisher, or “Doc
Fisher” as he was affectionately
known by his many geological colleagues and friends, was a truly outstanding Australian geologist. Born
in rural New South Wales, Doc Fisher
grew up on the Darling Downs and
trained as a geologist at the University of Queensland, graduating with
honors in 1931.
His first job was as mine geologist
at the fledgling Mt. Isa Pb-Zn mine.
One of the first things he did upon
Norman (“Doc”) Fisher, left, poses with wife,
arriving in Mt. Isa was to accommoMolly, and friend John Casey at Lyneham Tennis
date his other life’s passion by buildCentre for the Hard Rocks-Soft Rocks
ing a tennis court.
Tournament. At the time, Doc Fisher was 91
In September 1934 Doc Fisher was
(photo courtesy of John Casey).
appointed to the position of government geologist in the Mandated
Territory of New Guinea. Notable achievements in this position included his work on
the volcanicity of New Britain, helping build a tennis court at Rabau, and studying
the fineness of New Guinea’s alluvial gold deposits—work for which he received his
Doctor of Science degree from the University of Queensland in 1941.
He was appointed chief geologist of the Mineral Resources Survey in Canberra, an
Australian government unit that had been established to assess Australia’s potential
for strategically important metals during World War II. At the end of the war, in
1946, the Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR) was formed, with Doc Fisher as its chief
geologist. Responsibility for the systematic geologic mapping of Australia fell to him.
The results of his leadership were impressive. The first phase of mapping, which was
largely completed when he became director of the BMR in 1969, was undertaken at a
scale of 1:250,000, with the BMR producing about half of these, and the states the
other half. At this scale, more than 500 different map sheets had to be produced.
Before retiring in 1974, Doc Fisher had taken a leading role in the successful bid to
hold the 25th International Geological Congress in Sydney in 1976—the first IGC to
ever be held in the Southern Hemisphere. As president of that IGC he became
involved in the affairs of the International Union of Geological Sciences and played a
key role in the admission of the People’s Republic of China into the IUGS in 1977.
He was made an Officer of the Order of Australia in 1976, one of the highest
national honors an Australian can receive.
His first wife, Ellice, died in 1993 and he married his second wife, Molly, in 1994.
He is survived by Molly.
MEMBERSHIP
MURRAY HITZMAN (SEG 1978 F), Colorado
School of Mines Charles F. Fogerty
Professor of Economic Geology, participated in the 8th Annual Isaac Asimov
Memorial Debate at the Hayden
Planetarium at the American Museum of
Natural History in New York City on
March 13.
JOHN L. JAMBOR (SEG 1973) died on
January 18. He was president of Leslie
Research and Consulting.
42
SEG NEWSLETTER
SEG
Announcements
& Deadlines
Call for Nominations for Penrose and SEG
Silver Medals and Marsden Award for 2008
Nominations for the Society’s Penrose Gold and Silver Medals
and the Marsden Award are due by September 1, 2008, for
review by the SEG Council. Members and Fellows of the
Society are urged to participate in this important process by nominating outstanding candidates for these
prestigious honors.
The SEG award nomination form may be obtained from the SEG
website. Go to <http://www.segweb.org/AwardNom.pdf> to
download the form. If you do not have access to our website, you
may request a copy of the nomination form from SEG Headquarters. Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874;
e-mail: [email protected]. To access the SEG awards website go to
<http://www.segweb.org/awards.htm>
Send all nominations to:
Society of Economic Geologists
Attn: Medals Committee
7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO 80127-3732 U.S.A.
Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874
E-mail: [email protected] (preferred method)
Call for Nominations
Lindgren Award for 2008
The Society of Economic Geologists is soliciting nominations for
the 2008 Lindgren Award. The Lindgren Award is offered annually to a geologist whose published research represents an outstanding contribution to economic geology. The contribution
shall be measured by consideration of one to three papers published by age 35. The recipient must be less than 37 years of age
on January 1 of the year in which the award is presented. The
award shall not be restricted as to the candidate’s nationality,
place of employment, or membership in the Society.
The deadline for submitting nominations is August 31, 2008.
Send all nominations to:
Society of Economic Geologists
Attn: Lindgren Award Committee
7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO 80127-3732 U.S.A.
Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874
E-mail: [email protected] (preferred method)
MEMBERSHIP
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Call for Nominations
for SEG Traveling Lecturers
International Exchange Lecturer
Thayer Lindsley Visiting Lecturer
Regional Vice-President Lecturer
International Exchange lecturers speak at sites selected for
greatest involvement of industry, academic, and government
geologists. Thayer Lindsley lecturers visit colleges and universities. Regional Vice-President lecturers mainly present within
one or more of the SEG global regions. Travel support is provided by SEG for those who are chosen.
To be selected, nominees must (1) have widely recognized
expertise in a field of economic geology; (2) have known competence as a public speaker; and (3) be able to represent SEG as
an enthusiastic and effective ambassador.
Nominations can be made to the Chair of the relevant selection
sub-committees or to Christine Horrigan at SEG Headquarters
at [email protected].
Contact details for information and submittal are below.
International Exchange Lecturer: Andy R. Wilde,
[email protected]
Thayer Lindsley Visiting Lecturer: David Cooke,
[email protected]
Regional Vice-President Lecturer: Antonio Arribas,
[email protected]
Nominations should include a description of less than 300 words
that specifies the nominee’s area of expertise and justifies his/
her capabilities with cited examples of excellence in lecturing.
Nominations must be received
no later than June 30, 2008
Call for Nominations
SEG Distinguished Lecturer for 2008
Now is the time to support your Society and reward a colleague
by nominating him or her for the highly respected and widely recognized SEG Distinguished Lecturer Award. The 2008 nominee will
be selected on the basis of his/her preeminence in economic geology in some phase of scientific research or application of the science to minerals exploration and/or development. See the list of
previous winners at <http://www.segweb.org/Distinguished
Prior.html>. Please include the following information with your
nomination: name of nominee, nominee’s e-mail address, reason
for nomination, brief bio of nominee, and confirmation that
nominee is willing to be proposed.
The deadline for submitting nominations is August 31, 2008.
Send all nominations to:
Society of Economic Geologists
Attn: Distinguished Lecturer Committee
7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO 80127-3732 U.S.A.
Tel: +1.720.981.7882, ext. 210, Fax: +1.720.981.7874
E-mail: [email protected] (preferred method)
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
43
SEG Sponsored Event —
33rd International Geological Congress
Oslo, Norway — August 6–14, 2008
SEG Participation—Keynote address, Symposia, Exhibit booth
Keynote address:
The Exhaustion of Mineral Resources –
A Truism or a State of Mind?
Neil Williams (SEG 1982 F)
President of the Society of Economic Geologists
CEO Geoscience Australia
SEG to sponsor three IGC-Oslo symposia listed below:
MRD-16 Iron oxide copper gold deposits
• R. Marschik (SEG 1996 F) and L. Fontboté (SEG 1990 F)
Contributions on iron oxide Cu-Au (IOCG) deposits (thematic and regional
overviews, genetic aspects, description of ore deposits and districts, exploration) are
invited to this session devoted to a subject which increasingly attracts the interest of
exploration geologists and scientists. Exploration activities for IOCG deposits have
strongly surged, not only due to the current high demand for base- and precious metals but also because interest in uranium, which is part of the metal suite in some IOCG
systems, has undergone a spectacular renaissance. Several new deposits are in production, in development, or in advanced exploration stages. Despite the publication of
numerous works on specific deposits and the achievement of important advances in the
understanding of IOCG deposit formation, significant unanswered questions remain.
Aspects as basic as geotectonic setting and tectonic regime and the nature and provenance of the ore-forming fluid(s) are still matters of controversy, and hamper improvement of models applicable for exploration, models that should include field criteria and
geophysical expression of the deposits. This symposium on IOCG deposits intends to
reflect the current state of understanding and contribute to the elaboration of a new
synthesis and a firmer classification. These goals should be beneficial for the academic
(IOCG deposits have not found their way into textbooks yet) and for the explorationmining communities alike.
MRD-20 Porphyry-type deposits
• D. Cooke (SEG 1992 F) and P. Hollings (SEG 2004)
This session is devoted to porphyry copper-(gold-molybdenum) deposits, their formation, characterization and exploration. Presentations can discuss aspects of tectonic,
magmatic, structural and/or hydrothermal processes that result in the formation of
porphyry copper, gold and molybdenum deposits. We also welcome deposit descriptions and exploration case histories.
MRD-01 General contributions to mineral
deposits Krister Sundblad, Eiji Izawa, Milka
K. de Brodtkorb
MRD-02 Deep sources and signatures of ore
forming systems - a tool for new discoveries
of mineral deposits Sergei Cherkasov,
Lawrence M. Cathles, Vadim I. Kazansky
MRD-03 Recent developments on marine
mineral deposits David S. Cronan, Peter A.
Rona, Akira Usui
MRD-04 Giant ore deposits Peter Laznicka,
Pei Rong Fu, Mikhail Rafailovich
MRD-05 Results of First Global Mineral
Resource Assessment and other largeregion assessment studies Michael Zientek,
Andor Lips, Daniel Cassard, Hee-Young
Chun, Sergej Cherkasov, Leon Ehlers,
Edwardo Zappettini
MRD-06 Granitic magmatism and related
mineralizations Alcides Nobrega Sial, Jorge
da Silva Bettencourt
MRD-07 Geology and mineral potential of CIS
countries Oleg Petrov, Reimar Seltmann
(IAGOD)
MRD-08 Volcanic-hosted massive sulphide
deposits: Controls on distribution and timing Rodney Allen, Fernando Tornos, Jan
Peter, Namik Cagatay (IGCP 502)
MRD-09 Au-Ag telluride-selenide deposits
Nigel Cook, Kari Kojonen (IGCP 486, IAGOD,
IMA-COM)
MRD-10 Large ore provinces of Central Asia
Ginayat R. Bekzhanov, Bernd Lehmann,
Dmitry Puscharovsky (SGA)
MRD-11 Metallogeny of Fennoscandia Felix
Mitrofanov, Krister Sundblad, Pär Weihed
MRD-12 Fluvial palaeo-systems: Evolution
and mineral deposits Natalia Patyk-Kara,
Alejandra Duk-Rodkin, Baohong Hou (IGCP
514)
MRD-13 Ore deposits associated with black
shales: from their origin to their environmental impacts J. Pašava, Hartwig E.
Frimmel (SGA)
MRD-14 Ophiolites, greenstone belts and ore
deposits Paul T. Robinson, Yildirim Dilek
MRD-15 Ni-Cu-PGE sulphide deposits Heikki
Papunen, Anthony Naldrett (SGA)
MRD-16 Iron oxide copper gold deposits
Robert Marschik, Lluis Fontboté
MRD-17 Gold deposits: Reflections of their
tectonic environments Richard Goldfarb,
Jeffrey Hedenquist
MRD-18 Iron deposits Mark Barley, Jan-Olov
Nyström, Fernando Henriquez
MRD-19 Uranium deposits Michel Cuney,
Claude Caillat, Olli Äikäs (SGA)
MRD-20 Porphyry-type deposits David
Cooke, Peter Hollings
ANNOUNCEMENTS
MRD-17 Gold deposits: Reflections of their tectonic environments
• R. Goldfarb (SEG 1989 F) and J. Hedenquist (SEG 1986 F)
Specific tectonic environments record a variety of geological features that together
define a favorable target area for the development of various styles of economically
important gold resources. Processes that have occurred along ocean ridges, in association with mantle plumes, within continental rifts, during arc development, or in backarc and fore-arc environments, influence the formation and distribution of characteristic gold deposit types within each tectonic setting. It could be a critical lithology or
stratigraphic layer (e.g., BIF, greenstone), type of igneous activity (e.g., oxidized vs
reduced, shallow emplacement in arcs vs deeper rift magmatism), and/or major orecontrolling structure (e.g., thrust, fold hinge, detachment zone), inherent to the specific setting, that best determines why exploration for a type of gold deposit is best
focused in a certain tectonic setting. Submissions on all gold deposit types that broadly
summarize the causes that link a specific tectonic setting with a type of deposit and/or
those that discuss processes leading to localization of a deposit type within a given
geodynamic setting are appropriate for this session.
Mineral Deposits Symposia
at 33rd IGC-Oslo, Norway
44
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
PROPERTY EVALUATIONS — PROJECT GENERATION
JOSEPH R. ANZMAN
GEOCON, INC.
Exploration Geophysicist
REGIONAL STUDIES — U.S. AND FOREIGN
• consulting
• interpretation
• project management
• geophysical surveys
• domestic & foreign
RICHARD L. NIELSEN, CONSULTANT
Exploration and Mining Geology
ANNOUNCEMENTS
13741 Braun Drive
Golden, CO 80401
Phone/FAX (303) 279-3118
P.O. Box 370526
Denver, Colorado 80237
303-337-4559
telephone/fax
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
45
Gordon Research Conference on Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits
Global Metal Resources: Geological Processes in Space and Time
Il Ciocco, Italy, June 29 – July 4, 2008
The Gordon Research Conference on Geochemistry addresses
the origin and distribution of metal-rich systems, and has been
held every three to four years over a period of 40 years. The
meeting serves as one of the premier conferences for international scientists with differing levels of experience in ore deposit
research. A major theme of the conference is to promote
increased communication and collaboration between industry,
academia, and government. Intimacy (~120 participants) and
ample discussion time are hallmarks of all Gordon conferences.
The next Gordon will be held in Europe for the first time, at the
fantastic Il Ciocco site near Pisa, Italy, from June 29th to July
4th, 2008.
The theme for this conference is “Global Metal Resources:
Geological Processes in Time and Space.” The aim is to address
the challenges of assessing and finding mineral resources in the
current environment of worldwide economic growth and increasing
demand for metals. Rather than looking at individual types of ore
deposits, global-scale processes that generate large metal
provinces during periods of earth’s evolution will be investigated,
namely the evolution of the lithosphere and how it controls the
distribution of metallogenic provinces in time and space and, in
addition, magmatic processes at convergent plate boundaries
that control the distribution of major belts of Cu, Mo, and Au
deposits will be examined. Furthermore, a session will address
the longevity of ore-forming processes where new data are suggesting increasingly short time scales for the formation of large
ore deposits. Finally, a session is aimed at provoking the participants to think outside the box to consider how common crustal
fluids or non-conventional fluids may lead to prediction of unexpected types of ore deposits.
The planned program, including descriptions of the sessions, discussion leaders, speakers, and titles of talks can be
found online at http://www.grc.org/programs.aspx?year=
2008&program=geochem, as well as information on the site and
how to apply for the conference. The 2008 Gordon Conference
organizers are Chris Heinrich ([email protected]), Grigore
Simon ([email protected]) and John Muntean
([email protected]). For those who wish to attend, please fill
out the application form on the above website. Poster space will
be available and those who wish to present a poster are invited
to submit a short abstract in the online application form and contact John Muntean. Much of the expected funding being raised is
earmarked specifically to assist students and junior-level scientists with their travel and registration expenses. Students and
other participants who wish to apply for funding to attend the
meeting should contact Chris Heinrich or John Muntean.
In addition, a field trip to Cu-Au provinces in Romania and
Serbia is planned for the week prior to the conference. Those
interested in attending should consult http://www.igmr.ethz.ch/
people/quadtwya for information and email Albrecht von Quadt
([email protected]) to enroll.
ANNOUNCEMENTS
46
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS
Publications Order Form
Full details on publications are available on-line at www.segweb.org / Publications
TITLE
LIST
PRICE
MEMBER
PRICE
GB 8: Industrial Mineral Resources of the Delaware Basin,
Texas, and New Mexico. 1990, 203p.
GB 28: The Carlin-Type Gold Deposits Field Conference.
1997, 294p.
GB 29: Geology and Ore Deposits of the Oquirrh and Wasatch
Mountains, Utah. 1997 (Revised 1998), 308p.
GB 30: Gold Deposits of Northern Sonora, Mexico. 1998, 252p.
GB 31: Epithermal Mineralization of the Western
Carpathians. 1999, 274p.
GB 32: CD-ROM ONLY. PART I. Contrasting Styles of IntrusionAssociated Hydrothermal Systems. PART II. Geology &
Gold Deposits of the Getchell Region. 2000, 234p.
GB 33: CD-ROM ONLY. Svecofennian Ore-Forming Environments:
Volcanic-Associated Zn-Cu-Au-Ag, Intrusion-Associated
Cu-Au, Sediment-Hosted Pb-Zn, and Magnetite-Apatite
Deposits of Northern Sweden. 2004, 175 p.
GB 34: CD-ROM ONLY. Epithermal Gold Mineralization and
Modern Analogues, Kyushu, Japan. 2001 188p.
GB 35: PART I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the
Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey
Highlands. PART II. Environmental Geochemistry and
Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the
Vermont Copper Belt. 2001, 294p.
GB 36: CD-ROM ONLY. Cretaceous Porphyry-Epithermal
Systems of the Srednogorie Zone, Bulgaria. 2003, 132 p.
GB 37: CD-ROM ONLY. Lisbon Valley Sediment-Hosted Copper
Deposits and Paradox Basin Fluids Field Trip. 2005, 50p.
GB 38: CD-ROM ONLY. Porphyry Molybdenum Deposits in
Colorado: I. Climax Porphyry Molybdenum Deposit. II.
Henderson Molybdenum Mine. Summary, road log, 9 reprints.
GB 39: CD-ROM ONLY. Terroir of Colorado’s Western Slope
Vineyards. 30 p.
$24.00
$19.20
Comp. 1. CD-ROM ONLY. Diamonds and
Kimberlites: 1905–2007.
$36.00
$28.80
REVIEWS IN ECONOMIC GEOLOGY SERIES:
$40.00
$36.00
$32.00
$28.80
$36.00
$28.80
$36.00
$28.80
$36.00
$28.80
$36.00
$28.80
$36.00
$28.80
$36.00
$28.80
$25.00
$21.00
$30.00
$24.00
$30.00
$24.00
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY MONOGRAPH SERIES:
EG Mono 9: Mineral Deposits of Alaska.
1997, 483p., hard cover.
왖 EG Mono 10: The Giant Kidd Creek Volcanogenic Massive
Sulfide Deposit, Western Abitibi Subprovince, Canada.
1999, hard cover. 왖 ADDITIONAL SHIPPING
왖 EG Mono 11: Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Bathurst
Mining Camp, New Brunswick, and Northern Maine.
2003, hard cover. 왖 ADDITIONAL SHIPPING
$45.00
$36.00
$60.00
$48.00
$69.00
$55.20
$12.50
$10.00
ECONOMIC GEOLOGY PUBLICATIONS:
Tables for the Determination of Common Opaque Minerals.
P.G. Spry and B.L. Gedlinske. CD-ROM ONLY.
The Hugo Dummett Memorial Economic Geology Archive:
1905-2004. Complete, searchable digital files of
v. 1 through 99 of the journal (DVD only; 5.2 GB).
NOTE: This is NOT A CD-ROM; DVD drive required
왖 Economic Geology 100th Anniversary Volume. 2005,
1136 p. hard cover; 왖 ADDITIONAL SHIPPING
$1,500.00
$220.00
$100.00
$80.00
(Note: CD-ROMs listed are not audio)
Global Exploration 2002: Integrated Methods for Discovery
Abstracts of Oral and Poster Presentations. 150p.
SEG 2004: Predictive Mineral Discovery Under Cover:
Extended Abstracts. SEG and the Centre for Global
Metallogeny (Australia). CD-ROM ONLY.
SEG Forum 2005: Controversies on the Origin of World-Class
Gold Deposits: Carlin and Witwatersrand. CD-ROM ONLY.
SEG 2006: Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry:
Abstracts of Oral and Poster Presentations. 396p.
$10.00
$ 8.00
$20.00
$16.00
$20.00
$16.00
$35.00
$28.00
Keystone Conference DVD: Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry (2006)
PowerPoint presentations-audio/posters/extended abstracts (2Gb); PC Only
Special Order: http://www.softconference.com/260514 or by calling
Content Management at 800-747-8069. Price $370; Members $296
4/08
LIST
PRICE
MEMBER
PRICE
$75.00
$60.00
$20.00
$16.00
$20.00
$16.00
$20.00
$16.00
$20.00
$16.00
$20.00
$16.00
$55.00
$44.00
$34.00
$27.20
$40.00
$32.00
$49.00
$39.20
$34.00
$27.20
$44.00
$35.20
$32.00
$69.00
$45.00
$25.60
$55.20
$36.00
$36.00
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$37.00
$29.60
$60.00
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$36.00
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$54.40
$59.00
$47.20
$59.00
$47.20
$59.00
$47.20
$75.00
$60.00
$59.00
$47.20
COMPILATIONS SERIES:
GUIDEBOOK SERIES:
SEG CONFERENCE SERIES:
TITLE
Rev. 1: CD-ROM ONLY. Fluid-Mineral Equilibria in
Hydrothermal Systems. 1984.
Rev. 2: CD-ROM ONLY. Geology and Geochemistry of
Epithermal Systems. 1985.
Rev. 3: CD-ROM ONLY. Exploration Geochemistry: Design
and Interpretation of Soil Surveys. 1986.
Rev. 4: CD-ROM ONLY. Ore Deposition Associated with
Magmas. 1989.
Rev. 5: CD-ROM ONLY. Sedimentary and Diagenetic Mineral
Deposits: A Basin Analysis Approach to Exploration
왖 Rev. 6: The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits:
PART A: Processes, Techniques, and Health Issues;
PART B: Case Studies and Research Topics.
1999, Volume set total 583p. 왖 ADDITIONAL SHIPPING
Rev. 7: Applications of Microanalytical Techniques to
Understanding Mineralizing Processes. 1998, 271p.
Rev. 8: Volcanic-Associated Massive Sulfide Deposits: Processes
and Examples In Modern And Ancient Settings. 1999, 416p.
Rev. 9: Ore Genesis and Exploration: The Roles of
Organic Matter. 2000, 340 p.
Rev. 10: Techniques in Hydrothermal Ore Deposits Geology.
1998, 264 p.
Rev. 11: Metamorphosed and Metamorphogenic Ore Deposits.
2000, 310p.
Rev. 12: Application of Radiogenic Isotopes to Ore Deposit
Research and Exploration. 1999, 208p.
왖 Rev. 13: Gold In 2000. 2000. 왖 ADDITIONAL SHIPPING
Rev. 14: Structural Controls on Ore Genesis. 2001, 190p.
SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS SERIES:
SP 1: CD-ROM ONLY. Geology and Metallogeny of Sulfide
Deposits, Noril’sk Region, USSR. 1988; rev.1992.
SP 3: Ore Reserve Estimates in the Real World.
Third Edition, 2002, 121p.
왖 SP 4: Carbonate-Hosted Lead-Zinc Deposits.
1996, hard cover. 왖 ADDITIONAL SHIPPING
SP 5: CD-ROM ONLY. Andean Copper Deposits: New
Discoveries, Mineralization, Styles and Metallogeny. 1996.
SP 6: CD-ROM ONLY. Southwest Pacific Rim Gold-Copper
Systems: Structure, Alteration, and Mineralization. 1998.
SP 7: CD-ROM ONLY. Geology and Ore Deposits of the
Central Andes. 1999, 368p.
SP 8: New Mines and Discoveries in Mexico and
Central America. 2001, 362p.
SP 9: Integrated Methods for Discovery: Global Exploration
in the 21st Century. 2002, 392p.
SP 10: Volcanic, Geothermal and Ore-Forming Fluids:
Rulers and Witnesses of Processes within the Earth.
2003, 360p.
SP 11: Andean Metallogeny: New Discoveries, Concepts,
and Updates. 2004, 358p.
SP 12: Wealth Creation in the Minerals Industry: Integrating
Science, Business, and Education. 2006, 329p.
SP 13: Nickel Deposits of the Yilgarn Craton: Geology,
Geochemistry, and Geophysics Applied to Exploration.
2006, 210p.
SEG Member Discount: Members may purchase a single
copy of each publication at 20% off the listed price.
Sub-Total
➥
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
47
SOCIETY OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS
Publications Order Form
Full details on publications are available on-line at www.segweb.org / Publications
TITLE
LIST
PRICE
MEMBER
PRICE
SEG DVD LECTURE SERIES:
Vid. 1: 1) The Genesis of Magmatic Ni-Cu (PGE) Sulfide Deposits
2) Physical Volcanology, Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of
Komatiite Basalt Lava Channels and Channelized Sheet Flows
in the Cape Smith Belt, New Quebec: C. Michael Lesher,
Laurentian University, Sept. 1998
$25.00
Vid. 2: 1) Worldwide Exploration: Can We Afford It?,
2) Exploration Strategic Planning: Michael J. Knuckey, President,
Noranda Mining Exploration, Ltd., Nov. 1998
$25.00
Vid. 3: 1) The Porphyry to Epithermal Continuum: Evidence from
Volcanoes and Ore Deposits, 2) Characteristics of and Exploration
for Epithermal Gold Deposits in the Circum Pacific: Jeffrey W.
Hedenquist, Consulting Economic Geologist, April 1999
$25.00
Vid. 4: 1) Epithermal Gold Deposits—Characteristics, Classes
and Causes 2) Convergent Evolution and Ore Deposits:
Noel C. White, Consulting Economic Geologist, Sept. 1999
$25.00
Vid. 5: 1) Cordilleran Metallogeny of Western Canada
2) Intrusion-related Mineral Deposits: Tectonics, Magmas and
Fluids: John Thompson, Teck Corporation, Feb. 2000
$25.00
Vid. 6: 1) Geology and Genesis of the Irish Zn-Pb-Ag Ore Field
2) The Lisheen Deposits, Ireland: Discovery and Delineation
of a Blind Zn-Pb-Ag Orebody: Murray W. Hitzman,
Colorado School of Mines, Sept. 2000
$25.00
Vid. 7: 1) How Orebodies are Found 2) The Arequipa Resources
Pierina Project: David J. Lowell, Lowell Mineral Exploration, Feb. 2001 $25.00
Vid. 8: 1) Tectonic Setting and Structural Controls in the Giant
Eocene-Oligocene Porphyry Copper Deposits of Northern
Chile 2) Late Cenozoic Mineralization and Crustal Evolution
in a Thickening Arc: The Maricunga and El Indio Mineral
Belts: Constantino Mpodozis, Chilean Geological Survey, Mar. 2001
$25.00
Vid. 9: 1) Mineral Resources and Mining: Supply, Demand the
Environment 2) Supergene Oxidation of Copper Deposits:
The Zoning of Copper Oxide Minerals and Applications to
Minerals Exploration: William X. Chavez, Jr., New Mexico
Institute of Mining, Apr. 2001
$25.00
Vid. 10: 1) Reflections on the Bre-X Saga
2) Pioneering Mining in the Arctic: Graham Farquharson,
Strathcona Mineral Services, Ltd., Nov. 2001
$25.00
Make Check Payable To:
Society of Economic Geologists
7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton CO 80127-3732
Fax: 720.981.7874, e-mail: [email protected]
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TITLE
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Vid. 11: 1) Mississippi Valley-type Lead-Zinc Deposits through
Earth History: Implications for Ore Genesis, Crustal Fluid-Flow,
Paleoclimate, and Relation to Shale-Hosted (SEDEX) Deposits:
David L. Leach, U.S. Geological Survey, Mar. 2002
$25.00
Vid. 12: 1) Discovery History and Geology of the Cannington
Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit 2) Advances in Micro-Analytical Technologies
— What a grain can tell you Steve Walters,
Macquarie University, Apr. 2002
$25.00
Vid. 13: 1) Lode Gold Deposits through Earth History — Patterns
in Space and Time 2) Metallogeny of Gold Deposits in
China: R.J. Goldfarb, U.S. Geological Survey, Mar. 2003
$25.00
Vid. 14: 1) Exploration in the Context of Mineral Supply:
Focus on Copper. 2) Overcoming the Odds:
Why Continue to Explore? Michael D. Doggett, Apr. 2006
$25.00
Vid. 15: 1) Characteristics of Lode Gold Deposits in Greenstone
Belts 2) Geology and Setting of Gold Deposits in the North
Carlin Trend, Nevada: François Robert, Barrick Gold, Dec. 2004 $25.00
Vid. 16: 1) Characteristics and Genesis of Carlin-type Gold Deposits, NV 2) Upwelling Hot Water at a Proposed Nuclear Waste
Repository: Jean Cline, Univ. of Nevada, Las Vegas, Feb. 2005
$25.00
Vid. 17: 1) Breccias in Epithermal and Porphyry Deposits:
The Birth and Death of Magmatic-Hydrothermal Systems
2) The Giant Sediment-Hosted Zn-Pb-Ag Deposits of
Northern Australia: David R. Cooke, Univ. of Tasmania, Feb. 2005 $25.00
Vid. 18: 1) Unidirectional Solidification Textures, Miarolitic
Cavities, and Orbitals 2) Discovery History of the Giant Oyu
NEW
Tolgoi Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposits: Douglas J. Kirwin,
Ivanhoe Mines, Oct. 2007
$25.00
Vid. 19a-b (2 DVDs): 1. Paths to Failure: The Application of Failure
Mode Diagrams in Pore Fluid Factor 2) 2. The Dynamics of
NEW
Coupling Between Deformation and Fluid Flow in the Earth’s
Crust: Stephen F. Cox, Aus. National Univ., Nov. 2007.
$25.00
Vid. 20: 1) Greenfield Exploration: The Newmont Story
2) R&D Opportunities Across the Life Cycle of a Mine.
NEW
Steve Enders, Newmont Mining, Jan. 2008.
$25.00
MEMBER
PRICE
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CO residents:
Jefferson County residents-sales tax (5.1%) ____________
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Shipping Costs: Shipping costs depend on weight and
destination and will be determined automatically when you
place an order online (http://www.segweb.org/publications).
Those who prefer to fax or mail orders will be notified of
shipping costs; please provide contact information
(e-mail, fax, or telephone).
Your credit card statement/cancelled check is your receipt.
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4/08
48
SEG NEWSLETTER
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Star (★) indicates new entry. Send entries to the SEG Office,
attn. SEG Production Director: 7811 Shaffer Parkway, Littleton, CO 80127 USA
Tel. +1.720.981.7882 / Fax +1.720.981.7874.
SOCIETY OF
ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS
2008
★ May 20–22. VIII International Gold Symposium, Lima, Peru. SEG presenters: Rich Goldfarb and Noel White. SEG to exhibit. Website:
<www.snmpe.org.pe/octavo_simposium/>
★ Jun. 29–Jul. 4. Gordon Conference on Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits, Lucca (Barga),
Italy. Website: <www.grc.org/pro grams.aspx?
year=2008&program=geochem>. See p. 45.
July 2–4. Short Course on BIF-Related HighGrade Iron Mineralization, South Africa. Includes
a field trip preceding the SEG-GSSA 2008 Conference, South Africa. Short Course details: http://
www.segweb.org/BIF-ShortCourse. pdf. Organizers: Steffen Hagemann (UWA), Carlos Rosiere
(UFMG), Jens Gutzmer (UJ), Nic Beukes (UJ).
July 5–10. SEG-GSSA 2008. Africa Uncovered —
Mineral Resources for the Future. Joint Conference of the Geological Society of South Africa
and SEG Incorporating GEOFORUM 2008. Misty
Hills Country Hotel, Muldersdrift, Gauteng, South
Africa. (25 km from Johannesburg). Website:
<http://www.seg-gssa2008.org/>. See p. 50–51.
★ July 20–24. Australian Earth Sciences Convention, Perth, Australia. SEG exhibit booth
#79. Website: <www.iceaustralia.com/aesc2008>.
Aug. 6–14. 33rd International Geological
Congress. Oslo, Norway. Website: http://
www.33igc.org/>. See p. 43 for details.
★ Aug. 18–28. XXVII UNESCO-SEG-SGA
Latin American Metallogeny Course La Paz,
Bolivia. Website: <www.unige.ch/sciences/
terre/mineral/seminars/lapaz08/lapaz08.html>.
See p. 45 for details.
Sept. 8–14. Magadan Gold Forum. International
Convention on “Gold of the North Pacific Rim,”
Magadan, Russian Federation. Dedicated to the
80th anniversary of the gold discovery in Kolyma
Region. Website: <http://gold-forum.neisri.ru>.
See p. 10.
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
★ Sept. 29–Oct. 3. XIII Latin American Geological Congress & XIV Peruvian Geological Congress, Lima, Peru. Information:
Sociedad Geologica Del Peru. Website: <www.
congresosgp.com> E-mail: congreso@sgp.
org.pe. See p. 49.
Oct. 7–10. XVII Argentinian Geological Congress, San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy (Argentina).
E-mail: secretaria@congresogeo logico.org.ar.
Website: <http://www.congresogeologico.org.ar/>
★ Nov. 7–10. 9th National Conference on
Mineral Deposits of China. Geological
Society of China and University of Geosciences,
Beijing, China. Numerous symposia and preand post-meeting field trips. Contact persons:
Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese
Academy of Geological Sciences (sunwh@
263.net, [email protected]), China University
of Geosciences ([email protected]).
★ Nov. 24–27. PACRIM Congress 2008, Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Conrad
Jupiter Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. SEG
to exhibit. Website: <http:// www.ausimm.com.
au/pacrim2008/>. See p. 10 for details.
★ Dec. 3–13. International Field Workshop
and Conference on Gold Metallogeny in
India, University of Delhi, Delhi and National
Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad. For
Information: <events.du.ac.in/deposit-modelingprogram-geology-department>
OTHER EVENTS
2008
May 6–10. The Institute on Lake Superior
Geology annual meeting in Marquette, Michigan.
Contact: Ted Bornhorst, e-mail,[email protected].
Website: http://www.lakesuperiorgeology.org/.
May 11–17. Precambrian Research Center
Professional Workshop Series: Short Course
and Field Investigations of Precambrian
Volcanic Rocks, Hydrothermal Alteration,
and Associated Mineral Deposits; University
of Minnesota Duluth; Duluth Minnesota.
Information and registration forms available at:
<www.d.umn.edu/prc/workshops>. See p. 42.
★ May 12–16. Memorial University - Geo-
★
★
★
★
metallurgy and Process Mineralogy Short
Course, Inco Innovation Centre, St. John’s,
Newfoundland. Website: <http://www.segweb.
org/activities/MemorialUnivShortCourse.pdf>
May 24–30. Submarine Volcanism and
Mineralization: Modern through Ancient.
Website: http://mesozoic.earthsci.carleton.ca/~
bcousens/Site_2/index.html Contact: Brian
Cousens, Carleton University; email: bcousens@
earthsci.carleton.ca Tel: +1-613-520-2600 ext. 4436.
July 2–5. IX Congreso Geológico de América
Central, San José, Costa Rica.Website: http://
www.congresogeologico.com/.
Aug. 6-8. MININ 2008, III International
Conference on Mining Innovation, Santiago,
Chile. Website: <www.minin2008.com> E-mail:
[email protected]
July 19–25. GSA Field Forum: Late Archean
Crust: Magmatism and Tectonics of the
Abitibi Subprovince, Canadian Shield,
Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Website: <www.
geosociety.org/fieldForums/08canada.htm>
Jul. 28–Aug.1. Five-Day Short Course in Ore
Microscopy & Ore Petrology, Golden, Colorado. For information, contact Dr. John Lufkin,
e-mail: [email protected] or Tel: (303) 284-2646.
Aug. 10–15. 9th International Kimberlite
Congress. Frankfurt, Germany. For information,
e-mail: [email protected] or website:
<www.9IKC.com>.
Aug. 31–Sept. 3. Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, New Zealand Branch
Annual Conference, Wellington, New Zealand.
Contact: Roger Gregg, E-mail: roger. gregg@
ihug.co.nz Website: <http://www.ausimm.co.nz/>
Lufkin Field Trips LLC, Colorado, USA.
Announces 2008–2009 schedule of field trips.
(Costa Rica, May 18–24, for Students; Black
Hills, SD, Seniors, June 22–28; Black Hills, SD,
Students, Sept 7–13; Colorado Parks, Seniors,
Sept 19–24; Jackson Hole, WY & Yellowstone
Park, Seniors, Oct 5–11; Costa Rica, Students,
Jan 4–10; Costa Rica, Seniors, Jan 18–24). For
information, contact Dr. John Lufkin, Director,
e-mail: [email protected] or (303) 284-2646.
PAID ADVERTISEMENT
APRIL 2008 • No 73
SEG NEWSLETTER
49
50
SEG NEWSLETTER
Joint Conference of the
Society of Economic Geologists (SEG) and the
Geological Society of South Africa (GSSA)
Incorporating SEG 2008, Geoforum 2008,
and Graduate Students Conference
Theme
The conference and associated events will showcase Africa’s worldclass mineral deposits and present new theories for their origins.
Themes include exploration targeting, resource evaluation, and
operational challenges.
Nic Beukes – Professor, University of Johannesburg
John Bristow – President & CEO, Rockwell Diamonds
Cynthia Carroll – CEO, Anglo American
Alex Davidson – Exec VP Exploration and Corp
Development, Barrick
Paul Dirks – Head of School of Geosciences,
University of Witwatersrand
Steve Enders – VP Worldwide Exploration, Newmont
Anton Esterhuizen – Chief Exploration Officer,
Pangea DiamondFields
Eric Finlayson – Head of Exploration, Rio Tinto
David Groves – Professor Emeritus, University of
Western Australia
Murray Hitzman – Fogerty Professor, Colorado
School of Mines
Richard Leveille – President, Freeport-McMoRan
Exploration
Vanessa Lickfold – Head of Geosciences, Kumba
Iron Ore
Anthony Naldrett – Professor Emeritus, University
of Toronto
Sipho Nkosi – CEO, Exxaro
Charles Pretorius – VP Geophysics, Anglo
American
Bill Trewick – Manager: Geology South Africa,
AngloGold Ashanti
Morris Viljoen – Professor Emeritus of Mining
Geology, University of Witwatersrand
Richard Viljoen – Honorary Research Fellow,
University of Witwatersrand
Registration
For complete up-to-date conference and
registration details, please go to
<www.seg-gssa2008.org>.
For questions or assistance, please contact:
RCA Conference Organisers
Tel: +27 11 728 8173/4511
Fax: +27 11 728 1675
E-Mail: [email protected] or
[email protected]
No 73 • APRIL 2008
Graduate Students Conference
(July 5–6, 2008)
For details please contact
Hennie Theart - [email protected]
Technical Conference and Exhibit
(July 7–10, 2008)
(100 oral presentations and 50+ posters
over 4 days):
Day 1 - Session 1: Perspective on Africa
Session 2: Gold in Africa
Session 3: Platinum in Africa
Day 2 - Session 4: Exploration
Challenges in Africa
Session 5: Base Metals in Africa
Session 6: New Geological
Models for Africa’s Major
Orefields
Session 7: Iron, Aluminum, and
Mineral Sands in Africa
Day 3 - Session 8: Doing Business in
Africa
Session 9: Diamonds in Africa
Session 10: Energy Resources
in Africa
Day 4 - Parallel Sessions A (Gold,
Platinum, Uranium) and B (Base
Metals, Ferrous & Base Metals,
Diamonds)
Welcome to
Elephant
Country......
High-Grade BIF-related Fe Mineralisation
Proterozoic Pb-Zn Deposits of
Southern Africa
The Nature and Evaluation of Southern
African Placer Diamond Deposits
Magmatic Ni-PGE Deposits in Africa
Gold Deposits of the African Continent
African Copperbelt
3rd Platreef Workshop
28 29 30
T/F F
F
1
F
2
L
3
L
4 5 6
L F/T
7
T
F
F
F
F
L
F
Tec
Pro hnica
gra l
m
Workshop Outline
F
T
L F/M L
L
L
L
L
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
L
L = Lectures
F = Field
T = Travel
F
F
M = Mine Visit
Field Trip Outline
28 29 30
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Tec
Pro hnica
gra l
m
Uranium in Namibia
Zambian Copperbelt
Ghanaian Gold
The Big Five
Barberton Gold
Eastern Bushveld
Geology of a Deep Wits Gold Mine
Cullinan Diamond Mine
Cradle of Humankind
Flight Over South African Geology
Vredefort Dome
Surface Geology of the Wits Goldfield
Accompanying Persons Tours
28 29 30
1
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Rosebank African Craft Market
Maropeng & Cradle of Humankind
Gold Reef City & Apartheid Museum
Soweto
Pretoria City
Sponsors
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Silver Sponsors
Platinum Sponsor
Gold Sponsors
Gold-Silver Sponsor
Silver-Bronze Sponsor
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