Vámonos: Introduction to
Spanish for Adults
215-663-1296 (office)
215-663-1297 (fax)
[email protected]
http://www.taylortraining.com
627 Boyer Road
Cheltenham, PA 19012-1609
Las Reglas de Daniela
Be fearless.
Spanish speakers unlike speakers of some other languages,
appreciate a poorly executed attempt better than none at all.
They are very forgiving and encouraging. The only drawback –
you may find yourself with more “teachers” than you anticipated.
¡Si no lo sabe, invéntelo!
Spanish and English have many words in common as a result of
Latin influences. If you don’t know something, make it up and
keep on going. Chances are it might be or sounds similar enough
that the listener may know what you are trying to say.1
Take good notes!
Everything counts in this class. Because it is an intensive course
I am putting as much in as possible. If it looks like a passive
exercise to practice grammar do not be fooled. It is an
opportunity to slip more vocabulary in. (smile) If I spend time on
it – it is important!
Step into your Spanish
selves. Warm up,
if necessary
Spanish is an expressive language where meaning comes from
more than just the words you say, but also from the tone and
other nonverbal cues.
Become an artist.
Spanish is a beautiful language with which you can create
beautiful portraits with words. First you have to learn the rules.
Spanish is a higher context language than English. Once a
context is established pronouns maybe dropped or adjectives will
act like nouns. (Pronombres página ¿?)
Word order is less important than in English. The general rule
applies to adjectives and nouns. Unlike in English, Spanish
adjectives come after the nouns they modify (the tall woman =
la mujer alta).
Prepositions can be tricky. Think about the purpose of the
prepositions, rather than their translations. (“I'm thinking about
you” = pienso en ti – literally, “I am thinking on you”)
NEVER call a translator
to help you with a client!
Learn the difference between an interpreter and a translator.
Interpreters speak and translators write. A sight translation is
orally translating into one language the written word in another.
I am not always right.
And neither are native
speakers, heritage
speakers, books or
websites.
We all have a history and experience that influences what we
know about the language and how we may speak it – for better
or worse.
Even educated people don't always talk according to the rules.
Although Spanish according to the rules will almost always be
understood, it can lack the texture and sincerity of Spanish as it
really is spoken. With some discretion2, feel free to imitate the
Spanish you hear in real life.
www.wordreference.com A wonderful online resource for looking up words.
1
2
Remind me to talk about cognates AND to tell you about the Benadryl story.
Make sure I tell you about the time in Mexico I imitated the Spanish I heard in front of my teacher’s distinguished English student.
WINTER 2008
VÁMONOS: INTRODUCTION TO SPANISH FOR ADULTS
Instructor:
Daniela Taylor Davis
Days & Times: Mondays 7:00 pm - 8:30 pm
Phone: 215-663-1296
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: taylortraining.com/spanish
Text:
Customized Workbook
Course
Description:
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults… is an opportunity to get your feet wet learning
how to make small talk, order a meal, and ask how much those authentic crafts cost in a
relaxed, stress-free environment. This class is for absolute novices. It is appropriate for people
who have little to no exposure to the Spanish language.
The course will focus on conversational exchanges and require active participation from
the students. Specific vocabulary relevant to the students will be incorporated.
Course
Objectives:
By the end of the course students will be able to demonstrate an understanding of
conversational Spanish by:
• responding appropriately to simple questions,
• constructing questions to satisfy everyday needs, and
• carrying on brief conversations.
Expectations:
Be punctual.
There will be a five-minute grace period at the beginning of each class for
latecomers, but in fairness to those who are on time the lesson will begin
promptly at 7:05. This is to ensure that you get the most out of the time
for which you have paid.
Respect the learning atmosphere.
Be respectful of one another. Speak one at a time and only for yourself.
Everyone has an equal voice. Listen attentively and don’t interrupt. No
sidebar conversations.
No eating in the classroom.
This is to keep the room clean and your mouth free to habla, habla, y
habla!
Help put the classroom in order
before you leave.
We are grateful to those who provide the space so let us demonstrate our
appreciation by using the space wisely.
Have fun.
There should be lots of smiles and laughter in each class. It is the
responsibility of each student to contribute to a comfortable, relaxed
learning atmosphere. If you have not smiled at least once in every class
you will not be permitted into the class until you rectify the situation.
627 Boyer Road
Cheltenham, PA 19012-1609
(215) 663-1296
(215) 663-1297 Fax
[email protected]
http://www.taylortraining.com
C ONTENIDOS
Human Scavenger Hunt........................................................................................................ 4
Guía de Pronunciación .......................................................................................................... 5
Practica con los Sonidos de Español ...................................................................................... 6
A Comenzar ......................................................................................................................... 7
Más Reglas de Pronunciación ................................................................................................ 8
Los Sonidos de Español ........................................................................................................ 9
Palabras de Cada Día ......................................................................................................... 10
La Búsqueda ...................................................................................................................... 11
Antes de Comenzar ............................................................................................................ 12
Practica con las Frases Esenciales ....................................................................................... 14
Practica con los Pronombres ............................................................................................... 15
Guía a las Reglas................................................................................................................ 16
Practica con los Artículos .................................................................................................... 17
Los <No>s Y Los Plurales ................................................................................................... 18
Más Practica con Los <No>s Y Los Plurales ........................................................................ 19
Para Comer........................................................................................................................ 20
Viviendo la Idioma ............................................................................................................. 23
Atajos con los Verbos ......................................................................................................... 26
Los Verbos Importantes...................................................................................................... 27
Metiches I.......................................................................................................................... 28
Los Verbos Regulares ......................................................................................................... 29
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Human Scavenger Hunt
Find someone who…
•
Has tried to study Spanish before
•
Knows how to greet someone in Spanish
•
Has a family member who speaks Spanish fluently
•
Has a Spanish speaking co-worker
•
Is attending their first MALT class this evening
•
Has visited a Spanish speaking country
•
Is REALLY nervous about taking this class
•
Studied Spanish a long, long time ago
•
Speaks another foreign language fluently
•
Loves learning new things
•
Sucks at learning languages
•
Knows how to say “thank you” in Spanish
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Guía de Pronunciación
Vocales
Vowels
a
as in yacht
€
ahora
e
as in met
€
elefante
i
as in keep
€
información
o
as in open
€
ocho
u
as in tool
€
usted
Los sonidos del español
The Sounds of Spanish
c
c as in cat OR s as in sip
€
capitán / cigarro
g
g as in go OR h as in hub
€
guacamole / general
h
silent, like k in know
€
hombre
j
h as in hip
€
Julio
ll
y as in yet
€
pollo
ñ
ny as in canyon
€
señor
qu
k as in kettle
€
qué
rr
the rolled r sound
€
burro
v
b as in baby OR v as in vase
€
vez / vista
z
s as in son
€
zapato
Los demás (The Rest)
b
bueno
k*
kilovatio
n
nada
s
sí
d
dinero
l
loco
p
pronto
t
taco
f
flan
m
mucho
r
toro
x
éxito
*
In Spanish, the letters "k" and "w" are found only in foreign words. The "k" is pronounced like an English "k" without the puff of
air. The "w" is pronounced like the "b/v" when it occurs between vowels.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Practica con los Sonidos de Español
abril
April
nariz
nose
barco
boat
ñame
yam
casa
house
océano
ocean
difícil
difficult
pueblo
town
excellent
queso
cheese
flor
flower
radio
radio
gato
cat
carro
car
helado
ice cream
salsa
sauce
interesante
interesting
teléfono
excelente
jardín
garden
voz
telephone
voice
kilo
kilo
xilófono
xylophone
leche
milk
yerno
son-in-law
más
more
zapatos
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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A Comenzar
Saludos
Greetings
Hola.
Hello.
Buenos días.
Good Morning
Buenas tardes.
Good Afternoon.
Buenas noches.
Good Evening (Night).
¿Cómo está Ud.?
How are you?
Estoy bien. ¿Y Ud.?
I am fine. And you?
¿Cómo está él / ella?
How is he/she?
Está bien.
He/She is fine.
¿Cómo le va?
How is it going?
¿Qué tal?
How are you?
¿Cómo estamos?
How are we?
¿Qué pasa?
What’s happening?
Señor
Don
Mister
(Lord)
Señora
Doña
Missus
(Lady)
Señorita
Miss
Despedidas
Goodbyes
Adiós.
Goodbye.
Hasta pronto.
Until soon. See you soon.
Hasta mañana.
Until tomorrow. See you tomorrow.
Hasta luego.
Until later. See you later.
Hasta la próxima.
Until the next time.
Hasta la vista.
Until we see each other. See you.
Nos vemos.
We’ll see each other later. (See you later).
Qué le vaya bien.
That all goes well for you. (formal)
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Más Reglas de Pronunciación
A-E-I-O-U-N-S
sope
Mexican dish
taco
taco
limonada
lemonade
plato
plate
nosotros
we
botella
bottle
Carlos
waitress
tostada
soup
Carmen
measera
caldo
helado
ice cream
cenar
desayunar
flan fried corn tortilla
Esteban
quizás
David
Consonant ≠ N/S
miel
Caracas
honey
tomar
to eat dinner
to eat breakfast
maybe
Isabel
to take/consume
descansar
to rest
mujer
woman
nuez
nut
tenedor
fork
pastel
pastry
ciudad
city
Accented
fantástico
café
coffee
también
película
movie
Verónica
música
music
árbol
jamón
ham
azúcar
fantastic
also
Inés
César
tree
sugar
estación
station
televisión
policía
police
menú
menú
corn
acción
action
guía
guide
maíz
artículo
article
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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televisión
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Los Sonidos de Español*
amigo
fotografía
banana
garaje
béisbol
Gerardo
bistec
gimnasio
burro
gorila
carro
huevo
Cecilia
hombre
centro
jipi
cerveza
jonrón
cilantro
líder
cinco de mayo
loco
coco
llama
colorado
mañana
coyote
millón
champú
piña
chile con carne
Paraguay
diccionario
poquito
dieta
quesadilla
doctor
radio
dólar
sartén
escuela
televisión
esnob
tequila
español
tortilla
estudiante
trabajo
Feliz Navidad
uva
frijoles
vino
*
A number of English words have become common vocabulary in Spanish and vice versa. Often in Spanish, the spelling and
pronunciation have been changed. English keeps the original spelling of most of the words it borrow from Spanish, but the
pronunciation is changed. Many words are identical in Spanish and English both in spelling and in meaning. Only the pronunciation
is different. Someties the Spanish word has an accent mark. Did you recognize any words on this page?
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Palabras de Cada Día
Sentimientos
Feelings
Más Sentimientos
More Feelings
Así-así
Enojado (a)
Angry
Cansado (a)
Disponible
Available
Enfermo (a)
Ocupado (a)
Busy
Mal
Confundido (a)
Mejor
Emocionado (a)
Excited
Peor
Sorprendido (a)
Surprised
Triste
Preocupado (a)
Worried
Nombres
Names
¿Cómo se llama Ud.?
What is your name?
Me llamo…
My name is…
¿Cómo se llama él / ella?
What is his/her name?
Se llama…
His/Her name is…
Soy…
El / ella es…
I am…
He/She is…
Mi nombre es…
Su nombre es…
My name is…
His/Her name is…
Mucho gusto.
A pleasure. (Nice to meet you.)
Tanto gusto.
Such a pleasure
El gusto es mío.
The pleasure is mine.
Encantado.
Delighted. (Enchanted.)
Orígen
Origin
¿De dónde es Ud.?
Where are you from?
Soy de…
I am from…
¿De dónde es él / ella?
Where is he/she from?
Él / ella es de…
He/She is from…
¿Habla Ud. Español?
Do you speak Spanish?
Hablo un poco.
I speak a little.
¿Habla él / ella Español?
Does he/she speak Spanish?
Él / ella habla más
He/She speaks more.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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La Búsqueda
¿Quién está …
•
triste?
•
enfermo?
•
bien?
•
contenta/feliz?
•
así-así?
•
enferma?
¿Quién es …
•
de Nueva York?
•
de Filadelfia?
•
de otro país?
•
de Germantown?
•
de Mt. Airy?
•
de otro parte de Filadelfia o
fuera de Filadelfia (outside)?
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Antes de Comenzar
Cortesía
Courtesy
Por favor.
Gracias.
Please.
Thank you.
De nada.
No hay de qué.
You’re welcome.
Not at all.
Con permiso.
Perdón.
Excuse me
Excuse me
Disculpe.
¿Mande?
Excuse me
Excuse me?
Lo siento
No se preocupe.
I am sorry.
Don’t worry.
No importa.
That’s all right. (It’s not important).
Palabras / Frases de cada día
Everyday words / phrases
No sé.
I don’t know.
¿Entiende?
Understand?
No entiendo.
I do not understand.
Más despacio, por favor.
More slowly, please.
Estoy aprendiendo español.
I am learning Spanish.
Gracias por su paciencia.
Thanks for your patience.
Hablo poquito español.
I speak a little Spanish.
¿Cómo se dice...?
How do you say (it)?
¿Qué significa?
What does it mean?
Otra vez,_________
Again, por favor.
Repita, por favor.
Please repeat.
Frases esenciales
Essential phrases
¡Salud!
¡Buena suerte!
Bless you!
Good luck!
¡Feliz cumpleaños!
¡Felicitaciones!
Happy birthday!
Congratulations!
¡Qué bueno!
¡Qué lástima!
That’s great!
What a shame!
¡Qué chistoso!
¡Qué barbaridad!
How funny!
How awful!
¡Qué casa tan grande!
¡Qué casa!
What a big house
What a house!
¡Tal casa!
¡Tal viaje!
Such a house!
Such a trip!
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Más frases esenciales
More essential phrases
¿Me permite?
¡Pase!
May I?
Go ahead.
¿Se puede (ver)?
¿Listo?
Can I (see it)?
Ready?
Claro (que sí).
¿Cómo no?
Sure.
Of course! /Why not?
Pienso que sí.
Pienso que no.
I think so.
I think not.
Creo que sí.
Creo que no.
I believe so.
I do not believe so.
Quizás.
Depende.
Maybe.
That depends.
Adelante.
Más o menos.
Come in.
More or less.
Aun más frases y palabras esenciales
Even more essential phrases and words
También
Tampoco
Also, too
Neither
Todavía
Todavía no
Yet, still
Not yet
Ya (basta)
Andele (pues).
(Enough) Already
Hurry up / Way to go
(Anyway, So anyway /
Goodbye / Let’s go)
Tal
So, such
Más Palabras / Frases de Cada Día
More Everyday words / phrases
Muy
Demasiado
Very
Too much
Más
Menos
More
Less
Bastante
Mucho
Enough, plenty
Much
Suficiente
Enough, sufficient
Yo
I
Tú
You (informal)
Usted (Ud.)
You (formal)
Él
He (it, masc.)
Ella
She (it, fem.)
Nosotros
We
Ustedes (Uds.)
You (plural)
Ellos
They (masc.)
Ellas
They (fem.)
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
Plural
Pronouns
Singular
Prenombres
13
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Practica con las Frases Esenciales
Cortesía
G
1. ¡Que lastima!
A.
Todavía no.
F
2. Mucho gusto.
B.
Nos vemos.
E
3. ¿Cómo está?
C.
Salud.
D
4. Gracias.
D.
De nada.
C
5. ¡Ah-choo!
E.
Bien. ¿Y Ud.?
B
6. Hasta luego.
F.
El gusto es mío.
A
7. ¿Listo?
G.
Lo siento.
Aun más frases y palabras esenciales
E
1. No hablo mucho español.
A.
Yo tambien.
F/G
2. Más despacio, por favor.
B.
Yo no sé.
3. ¿Entiende?
C.
Again
4. Repita, por favor.
D.
No entiendo.
C
5. ¿Qué significa <otra vez>?
E.
Yo tampoco.
A
6. Ya estoy listo.
F.
Hablo poquito español.
G.
Estoy aprendiendo español
todavía.
D
G/F
B
7. ¿Cómo se dice <I don’t know>?
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Practica con los Pronombres
¿Qué son los pronombres?
we (all females)
nosotros/nosotras
you (familiar singular)
tú
you (familiar plural)
they (all females)
ustedes
ellas
you (formal singular)
they (all males)
usted
ellos
we (males and females)
nosotros
they (male and females)
you (formal plural)
he/she
ellos
ustedes
él
/
ella
Hablando acerca de …
ellas
Isabel, Alicia y Maribel
ellos
Alfredo y Gerardo
yo
[Your name here]
él
Tomás
ella
Beatriz
usted
[The stranger facing you]
ustedes
[The group of known women facing
you]
ustedes
[The group of unknown
men facing you]
tú
[The friend facing you]
nosotros
[You and the girls]
nosotros
[You and the group]
nosotros
[You and the boys]
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Guía a las Reglas
Los artículos
indefinitivos
The indefinite articles
un
a/an (masculine, singular)
€
un señor
una
a/an (feminine, singular)
€
una señora
unos
some (masculine, plural)
€
unos muchachos
unas
some (feminine, plural)
€
unas muchachas
Los artículos definitivos
The definite articles
el
the (masculine, singular)
€
el niño
la
the (feminine, singular)
€
la niña
los
the (masculine, plural)
€
los muchachos
las
the (feminine, plural)
€
las muchachas
Ayuda
Help
Masculine
L-O-N-E-R-S
el papel
the paper
foreign words
el radio = radius/radium
un libro
a book
Greek & end in a
el cuento = short story
un tren
a train
-ista (gender)
*el agua, el aguila
el viaje
the trip
-eta (gender)
el ama (lady of the
house/ owner master)
el color
the color
el alma (soul)
el lunes
the Monday
Feminine
D-IÓN-Z-A
la verdad
the truth
shortened versions
la calle
la lección
the lesson
stressed a/ha*
la radio (radio)
una nariz
a nose
la cuenta = bill
una palabra
a word
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Practica con los Artículos
Indefinitivos
A
B
un
amigo
una
vez
un
bistec
una
luz
un
burro
una
pared
un
cinco de mayo
una
lección
una
sopa
una
nariz
un
jamón
una
mesa
una
escuela
una
señora
un
español
una
señorita
un/una
estudiante
un/una
joven
un
cáfe
una
mujer
una
profesora
un
hombre
Definitivos
A
B
el
helado
el
árbol
el/la
policía
el
patio
el
loco
la
casa
el
mesero
el
gato
el
profesor
la
gata
el
libro
el
perro
el
rodeo
la
perra
el
suéter
el
nombre
la
televisión
la
estación
la
tortilla
la
amiga
el
tren
la
acción
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Los <No>s Y Los Plurales
To make a Spanish statement or question negative, place <no> in front of the verb.
No estoy triste hoy.
I am not sad today.
Ella no se llama Marisol. Se llama Isabel.
Her name is not Marisol. Her name is Isabel.
¿No es Ud. de México?
Aren’t you from Mexico?
No hablo español muy bien.
I do not speak Spanish very well.
El Plural
The Plural
A-E-I-O-U = S
Consonant = ES
taco
pan
sopa
pastel
helado
profesor
dulce
lección
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Más Practica con
Los <No>s Y Los Plurales
Los opuestos...
1. Maria está muy feliz hoy.
Maria no está muy feliz hoy. [Hoy significa
<today>].
2. Hay muchos hombres en la clase.
No hay muchos hombres en la clase.
3. Soy de México.
No soy de México.
4. Él es rico.
Él no es rico.
5. ¿Tiene Ud. un lápiz?
¿No tiene Ud. ni un lápiz?
6. Ella habla mucho español.
Ella no habla mucho español.
7. Hoy significa <there is/ there are>.
Hoy no significa <today>.
Hoy no significa <there is/ there are>. Hoy
significa <today>.
8. Ellos están listos, pero yo no estoy
listo.
Ellos no están listos, pero yo estoy listo.
9. También.
Tampoco.
10. Todavía no.
Ya.
Más artículos
deporte
película
tren
deportes
películas
trenes
blusa
zapato
mujer
blusas
zapatos
mujeres
suéter
color
lección
suéteres
colores
lecciones
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Taylor Training & Development
Para Comer
Cocinar
Cooking
agregar
to add
añadir
to add
hornear
to bake
batir
to beat
hervir
to boil
enfriar
to chill
guisar
to cook
cubrir
to cover
cortar
to cut
freír
to fry
rallar
to grate
calentar
to heat up
mezclar
to mix, to blend
pelar
to peel
preparar
to prepare
poner
to put
servir
to serve
agitar
to shake, to stir
La Preparacion
asado (al horno)
baked / roasted
empanado
breaded
escalfado
poached
frito
fried
guisado
boiled
salteado
sautéed
a la parrilla
broiled / grilled
al vapor
steamed
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La Preparacion
agrio
sour
dulce
sweet
picante
spicy
suave
mild
caliente
hot
frío
cold
con hielo
with ice
sin hielo
without ice
poco asado
rare
un poco rojo pero no crudo
médium rare
a término medio
médium well
bien asado
well done
Batería de cocina
Kitchen Utensils
el rodillo
rolling pin
el abrelatas
can opener
el sacacorchos
corkscrew
la batidora
electric beaters
el recipiente
generic cooking pot
el/la sartén
frying pan
la olla
pot
el molde
baking pan
la olla de presión
pressure cooker
el colador
colander
el baño de María
double broiler
el papel encerado
wax paper
el papel de aluminio
aluminum foil
el palillo de dientes
toothpick
espátula
spatula
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Por la mesa
By the table
la copa
wineglass
el vaso (de agua / de vino)
glass (water / wine)
el plato
plate
el tazón
bowl
el platillo
saucer
la taza
cup
el tenedor
fork
la cuchara
spoon
el cuchillo
knife
la servilleta
napkin
sal
salero
salt
salt shaker
pimiento
pimentero
pepper
pepper shaker
¿Me pasas (___)?
Will you pass me ___?
Me falta
I need; I am lacking
¿Me trae ___?
Will you bring me ___?
(Le) traigo…
I'm bringing (you)…
traer
to bring
pedir
to order, to ask for
cenar
to eat dinner (to have dinner)
lo mismo
the same thing
¡Buen provecho!
Enjoy your meal!
¡Salud!
Cheers!
sumar la cuenta
to add up the bill
dar una propina
to tip (to give a tip)
poner la mesa
set the table
quitar la mesa
clear the table
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Viviendo la Idioma
Modismos con tener
Idiomatic expressions with “tener”
¿Qué tiene Ud.?
What’s the matter?
Tengo hambre.
I am hungry.
Tiene sed.
You / he / she is thirsty.
Tiene frió.
You / he / she is cold.
Tiene calor
You / he / she is hot
Tiene sueño.
You / he / she is sleepy
Tenemos miedo.
We are afraid.
Tenemos éxito.
We are successful.
Tienen suerte.
You (pl.) / they are lucky.
Tienen razón.
You (pl.) / they are right
No tienen razón.
You (pl.) / they are wrong; not right
Preguntas
Questions
¿Qué?
¿Cuál?
What?
¿Cuándo?
Which? (What?)
When?
¿Dónde?
¿Adónde?
¿De donde?
Where?
To where?
From where?
¿Quién?
¿A quién?
¿De quién?
Who?
To whom?
Whose?
Porque…
Why?
¿Cuántos?
How?
¿Por qué?
¿Cómo?
¿Cuánto?
Palabritas
How much?
How many?
Little words
en
a (a + el = al)
in, on, at
to
para
de (de + el = del)
for
of, from
con
sin
with
without
y
o
pero
Los días
lunes
jueves
Because…
and
or
but
Tuesday
Wednesday
The days
martes
viernes
miércoles
sábado
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
Monday
domingo
Thursday
23
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
Taylor Training & Development
Mas días
More days
El lunes
On Monday
El martes próximo
El miércoles pasado
Next Tuesday
Last Wednesday
Todos los sábados
Menos los domingos
Every Saturday
Except Sundays
Hoy
Está noche
Today
Tonight
Ayer
Mañana
Yesterday
Tomorrow
Anteayer
Pasado mañana
The day before yesterday
The day after tomorrow
Los Números
quinientos
500
uno
1
veintiuno
21
seiscientos
600
dos
2
veintidós
22
setecientos
700
tres
3
veintitrés
23
ochocientos
800
cuatro
4
veinticuatro
24
novecientos
900
cinco
5
veinticinco
25
mil
1000
seis
6
veintiséis
26
ciento cinco
105
siete
7
veintisiete
27
doscientos treinta y cuatro
234
ocho
8
veintiocho
28
novecientos noventa y nueve
999
nueve
9
veintinueve
29
mil seis
1006
diez
10
treinta
30
cinco mil ochocientos ochenta y tres
5883
once
11
cuarenta
40
Ordinales
doce
12
cincuenta
50
primer(o, a)
first
trece
13
sesenta
60
segundo (a)
second
catorce
14
setenta
70
tercer(o, a)
third
quince
15
ochenta
80
cuarto (a)
fourth
dieciséis
16
noventa
90
quinto (a)
fifth
diecisiete
17
cien
100
sexto (a)
sixth
dieciocho
18
doscientos
200
séptimo (a)
seventh
diecinueve
19
trescientos
300
octavo (a)
eighth
veinte
20
cuatrocientos
400
noveno (a)
ninth
décimo (a)
tenth
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Dinero
Money
cuenta de banco, cuenta bancaria
bank account
cuentas de cheques
checking account
cuentas de ahorros
savings account
número de cuenta
account number
saldo de cuenta
account balance
dólar
dollar
monedas
coins
giro (postal)
money order (postal money order)
efectivo
cash
cheques de viajero
travelers checks
tarjeta de crédito
credit card
tarjeta de débito
debit card
símbolo Visa
Visa symbol
los establecimientos
establishments
cajeros automáticos, cajero electrónico
ATM
clave personal / clave secreta / número de
identificación personal /
personal identification number (personal code
/ secret code)
contraseña
password
cargos mensuales
monthly charges
recargo
surcharge
recibo
receipt
electrónicamente
electronically
depósito directo
direct deposit
automáticamente
automatically
introducir / meter
to insert
sacar
to withdraw
depositar
to deposit
transferir
to transfrer
pagar
to pay
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Atajos con los Verbos
Frases con verbos
Verbs phrases
Necesito…/ Necesita...
I need… / You / She need(s) to…
Tengo que... / Tiene que…
I have to… / You have / She has to...
Puedo… /
I can… / Can I…? (May I?)
Puede…
You can… / Can you…? / He can… / Can he…?
Voy a… / Va a…
I am going to… / You are / She is going to…
Vamos a...
Let’s...
Acabo de…
I just finished…
Favor de…
Would you please...
¿Prefiere…?
Do you prefer…?
Hay...
There is / there are…
Los Verbos + Infinitivos = Un Atajo
Necesita
You need to
visitar
visit
más.
more.
Tiene que
You have to
comer
eat
bien
well.
Voy a
I am going to
ganar
win
mañana.
tomorrow.
Verbs + Infinitives = A Shortcut
Use the verb phrases introduced earlier with the
infinitive form of a verb as a shortcut to getting
the conversation rolling.
Luckily for us there is only one conjugated verb
in a sentence or phrase. For this construction
we use the infinitive after the conjugated verb.
1. Tengo que hablar con el medico.
I have to talk with the doctor.
2. Necesito salir para un ratito.
I need to leave for a little while.
3. ¿Va a descansar?
Are you going to rest?
4. ¿Puede cocinar está noche?
Can you cook tonight?
5. Acabo de comer el caldo más delicioso.
I just finished eating the most delicious soup.
6. Favor de escribir su nombre aquí.
Would you please write your name here.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Los Verbos Importantes
Verbos esenciales
Essential verbs
preguntar
to ask
escuchar
to listen
ser
to be
vivir
to live
estar
to be
mirar
to look at
llamar
to call
buscar
to look for
venir
to come
perder
to lose
cocinar
to cook
pasar
to pass
hacer
to do / make
jugar
to plan
beber
to drink
leer
to read
tomar
to drink / to take
quedar
to remain / stay
comer
to eat
descansar to rest
llenar
to fill (out) / complete
regresar
to return
acabar
to finish / end
correr
to run
seguir
to follow
ver
to see
ganar
to gain / to earn
firmar
to sign
dar
to give
dormir
to sleep
ir
to go
estudiar
to study
bajar
to go down / put down /
hablar
to talk
tener
to have
decir
to tell / say
haber
to have (helping verb)
entender
to understand
oír
to hear
visitar
to visit
saber
to know
esperar
to wait
conocer
to know
caminar
to walk
aprender
to learn
querer
to want
salir
to leave
trabajar
to work
dejar
to leave / let
escribir
to write
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Metiches I
2. How is your partner today?
3. Where is your partner from originally?
4. Does you partner speak Spanish?
5. How is your partner’s favorite meal prepared?
6. How does your partner prefer to pay for his/her meal at a
restaurant?
7. What does your partner need to do today?
8. Other information about your partner?
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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¿Cómo se llama Ud.? / ¿Cómo está Ud.? / ¿De dónde es Ud. originalmente? / ¿Habla Ud. español? / ¿Cómo hace su comida
favorita? / ¿Cómo paga Ud. al restaurante? / ¿Qué necesita hacer hoy? / ¿Adónde va a Ud. mañana? / ¿Qué acaba de hacer
Ud.?
1. What is your partner’s name?
Taylor Training & Development
Los Verbos Regulares
Verbs
Verbs in Spanish have two parts, a stem and an ending. The infinitive is the most basic
form of the verb. It can be used not only as a verb but also as a noun*. There are only
three types of infinitive endings –ar, –er, -ir.
When conjugating a regular verb, a new standardized ending is added to the unchanged
stem. There are verbs whose stems undergo a spelling change during conjugation,
and/or have irregular endings added.
Hablar
To talk
Yo hablo
I talk.
Tú hablas
You talk.
Ud. habla
Regular Verbs
Él / Ella habla
Comer
He / She / It talks.
To Eat
I eat.
Tú comes
You eat.
Él / Ella come
Vivir
He / She / It eats.
To live
I live.
Tú vives
You live.
Él / Ella vive
You talk.
Ellos / Ellas hablan
Nosotros comemos
Uds. comen
They talk.
We eat.
You eat.
You eat.
Yo vivo
Ud. vive
Uds. hablan
We talk.
You talk.
Yo como
Ud. come
Nosotros hablamos
Ellos / Ellas comen
Nosotros vivimos
Uds. viven
They eat.
We live.
You live.
You live.
He / She / It lives.
Ellos / Ellas viven
They live.
Verbs
In the present, 1st person singular always ends in –o, with the exception of these verbs:
ir (voy), dar (doy), ser (soy), estar (estoy), saber (sé), and haber (hé).
*
When used as a noun, the Spanish infinitive is always masculine and almost always singular. Like other nouns, it can be the
subject of a sentence, a predicate nominative or the object of a verb or preposition.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Ser / Estar
Ser
To be
Yo soy
I am.
Tú eres
You are.
Ud. es
Él / Ella es
Estar
He / She / It is.
To be
I am.
Tú estás
You are.
Él / Ella está
Uds. son
We are.
You are.
You are.
Yo estoy
Ud. está
Nosotros somos
Ellos / Ellas son
Nosotros estamos
Uds. están
They are.
We are.
You are.
You are.
He / She / It is.
Ellos / Ellas están
They are.
Ser
Estar
Used to identify a person, animal, a concept, a
thing, or any noun.
Used to show the location of a person, animal,
or thing. (to stay)
Esto es un lápiz.
El lápiz está aquí.
Carmen es una estudiante.
Carmen está en clase.
Used with a adjective to show that a
characteristic is the norm for the noun; the
essence of it.
Used with an adjective to show that the
characteristic is a change or a condition; the
state of it.
El helado es frió.
El helado está caliente.
El azúcar es dulce.
El azúcar está blanco.
Used with “de” to indicate origin, composition,
possession.
aburrido
boring
bored
cansado
tiresome
tired
Juanita es de Puerto Rico.
divertido
amusing, funny
amused
Los cubitos son de madera.
enfermo
sick
Los libros son de la maestra.
listo
sickly
sharp, shrewd,
clever
ready
triste
dull
sad
vivo
lively, alert, smart
alive
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January
•
•
•
January 1: Año Nuevo (New Year's Day), is an official Mexican holiday.
January 6: Día de Los Santos Reyes is the day when Mexicans exchange Christmas
presents in accordance with the arrival of the three gift-bearing wisemen to Jesus
Christ. This day culminates the Christmastime festivities.
January 17: Feast Day of de San Antonio de Abad is a religious holiday during
which the Catholic Church allows animals to enter the church for blessing.
February
•
•
•
•
February 2: Día de la Candelaria or Candlemas, is a religious holiday that is
celebrated with processions, dancing, bullfights in certain cities, and the blessing of
the seeds and candles. The festivities are best seen in: San Juan de los Lagos, Jalapa;
Talpa de Allende, Jalisco; and Santa Maria del Tuxla, Oaxaca.
January 31- February 5 (2008): Carnaval is an official Mexican holiday that kicks
off a five-day celebration of the libido before the Catholic lent. Beginning the
weekend before Lent, Carnaval is celebrated exhubrantly with parades, floats and
dancing in the streets. Port towns such as Ensenada, La Paz, Mazatlán and Veracruz
are excellent places to watch Carnaval festivities. Dates change slightly as follows:
2008: Jan 31 - Feb 5; 2009: Feb 19-24; 2010: Feb 11-16.
February 5: Día de la Constitución an official holiday that commemorates Mexico's
Constitution.
February 24: Flag Day, This Mexican national holiday honors the Mexican flag.
March
•
•
March 19: St. Joseph's Day, Día de San José, a religious holiday best seen in
Tamulin, San Luis Potosi.
March 21: The Birthday of Benito Juárez, a famous Mexican president and national
hero, this is an official Mexican holiday.
Mexican Flag Day also known as "El Dia de la Bandera" is celebrated on February 24th,by
holiday
Mexicans across the country. This day is commemorated as a unique
in
admiration of traditional Mexican heritage. The Mexican Americans on this day pay homage to
the flag of their native ancestral country-
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
Mexico.
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Every year the red, white and green Mexican flag is hoisted up on the Cerro de la Bandera (Flag
Hill) in Buena Vista on Mexican Flag Day. A race to the summit is held, which is open to
anyone who has the spirit to participate. In the evening, people have merriments in Plaza
Mijares, the main square of San José del Cabo. Special TV and radio programs are also
broadcasted on this occasion, in order to propagate the history behind the day.
A Brief Background
Public festivities started on Mexican Flag Day since February 24th, 1937 near the monument of
General don Vicente Guerrero, the first Mexican military general to swear to the flag.
Mexico was formerly ruled by the Aztecs - one of the tribes that settled in the area. However, the
country was a Spanish colony from 1521 to 1821 until the war for independence was won.
The Mexican Flag
When you look at the Mexican flag, you wonder what the colors in the flag stand for. The
Mexican Flag has three colors green, white, and red and they stand for the following:
•
•
•
Green is the symbol of hope and victory.
White stands for the purity of our ideals.
Red represents the blood of the national heroes shed for their motherland.
In addition to these bands of color, the flag also has an emblem. The emblem in the Mexican flag
has a defining story based on a legend which tells, how the Mexicans traveled from Aztlán (now
Nayarit) in search of the sign that Huitzilopochtli had narrated them, and that they would find it
in the place where they should establish their empire.
The sign had an eagle on top of a Nopal cactus devouring a serpent. It was ultimately found in a
small island in the heart of a lake. They settled there and founded the city of Tenochtitlan, which
is now
Mexico City.
The design of the Mexico Flag has changed over time, so has the significance and symbolism
behind the three colors of the flag. Earlier, the green vertical stripe of the Mexican flag projected
the independence of Mexico. Now, positioned to the far left of the Mexican flag it stands as
symbol of hope for the future of Mexico. It is customary for Mexican to have foods rich in green
coloring such as jalapenos on Mexico Flag Day.
The white stripe of the Mexican flag, which holds the Coat of Arms represents the beginning of
the nation's capital, Mexico City. It also represents the unity of the Mexican people and purity of
their culture.
Lastly, the red vertical stripe represents the commitment to religion on which many Mexican
citizens faithfully practice.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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The Flag Day is a national celebration and a prime example of unrestrained Mexican chauvinism
that high commendable. Mexican Flag Day is a day of unity, respect for national heroes and a
hope for the better future for all Mexicans.
SUMMARY: Benito Juarez is considered one of Mexico's greatest and most beloved
leaders. During his political career he helped to institute a series of liberal reforms that
were embodied into the new constitution of 1857. During the French occupation of
Mexico, Juarez refused to accept the rule of the Monarchy or any other foreign nation,
and helped to establish Mexico as a constitutional democracy. He also promoted equal
rights for the Indian population, better access to health care and education, lessening
the political and financial power of the Roman Catholic church, and championed the
raising of the living standards for the rural poor.
Benito Juarez was born March 21st 1806, the child of Zapoteco Indians. After they died
when he was three, he went to live with his uncle, but when he was 12 he joined his
sister in Oaxaca. He began studying for the priesthood, but in 1829 changed to studying
for a law degree, which he received in 1831. That year he also began his political
career, with a seat on the municipal council. In 1841 he became a judge, and the
governor of Oaxaca.
In 1853 the conservatives took power in Mexico
and many liberals were exiled, including Juarez,
who spent his time of exile in New Orleans. In
1855 the liberals won the election, and Benito
Juarez returned from his exile as the Minister of
Justice. In 1857 he was elevated to preside over
the supreme court, in effect making him the Vice
President. In 1858 the conservatives rebelled, and
again Juarez had to leave Mexico City, this time
fleeing to Veracruz, where he created a
government in exile.
In January 1861 the conservatives lost power, and
Benito Juarez became the President of Mexico. As
the treasury was practically empty Juarez made
the decision to suspend payment on all foreign
debts for a two year period. After Mexican
congress rejected an agreement Juarez had made
with the British Prime Minister to protect the
interests of European countries Spanish, British
Benito Juarez - Mexican President and National Hero
and French troops landed in Vera Cruz. Spain and
Britain were there to protect their financial interests, and left in April, after it became
clear that France had conquest in mind. The French troops fought for two years, and
although suffering a serious defeat on 5th May 1862, eventually captured Mexico City in
June 1863, and placed Archduke Maximilian of Austria on the Mexican throne.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Benito Juarez and the government of Mexico were forced to retreat right back to Ciudad
Juarez, on the border with the USA. After four years with growing pressure from
America, continuing resistance from Mexicans and criticism from the French
govenrment and people, finally the Napoleonic forces withdrew. Maximilian himself was
captured and executed on 19th June 1867.
Juarez returned to Mexico city, and the presidency even after suffering a stroke in
October 1870, and the loss of his wife in 1871. He won the presidential election in 1871,
but died on 18th July 1872, of a heart attack.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
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Chile en Nogada - Chiles in Walnut Sauce
1 of 1
Mexican Food
Chiles En Nogada
From Chelsie Kenyon,
Your Guide to Mexican Food.
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Recipe Feedback:
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Be the first to write a review
A wonderful dish consisting of a green chile, white walnut sauce and red pomegranate- the
colors of the Mexican flag. This dish is a Mexican Independence day favorite.
Chile en Nogada
At a Glance
Course : Entree
Cuisine : Mexican
INGREDIENTS:
6 large green chiles, for stuffing
3/4 cup crema or sour cream
1/2 teaspoon sugar
1/4 cup evaporated milk
1/2 cup finely chopped walnuts
1 pomegranate, seeds separated
1/2 lb ground pork or beef
3 garlic cloves
1/4 of an onion, peeled and diced
1 tablespoon lard or vegetable oil
1 apple, peeled, cored and seeded, coarsely chopped
2 tablespoons unsalted almonds, chopped
1/4 teaspoon cinnamon
pinch of nutmeg
1/4 teaspoon cumin
1 bunch fresh parsley, coarsely chopped
2 tablespoons raisins, softened in warm water
3 eggs
PREPARATION:
Roast the chiles and remove the skins and seeds.
Heat the oil or lard over medium heat in a large pan. Add in the beef or pork and brown until nearly done. Add in the
garlic, onion, apple, almonds, cinnamon, nutmeg, cumin, pinch of salt and pepper and cook for about 5 minutes.
Beat the egg whites to stiff peaks with a mixer or a whisk. Fold in the egg yolks and a pinch of salt. Dip each stuffed
chile in the egg mixture and fry until golden brown.
Stuff the chiles with equal portions of the stuffing. Blend or mix the crema, walnuts and sugar with the evaporated milk.
Pour over the freshly cooked chiles and sprinkle with pomegranate seeds.
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2/3/2008 11:03 AM
For Further Reading
1. 501 Spanish Verbs by: Christopher Kendris, Ph.D Theodore N. Kendris, Ph.D. A "must
have" for both the serious Spanish student and the casual traveler. with the
alphabetical, easy-to-use style, conjugating Spanish verbs is as easy as 1-2-3.
2. Beginner’s Spanish by Mark Stacey and Ángela González Hevia. A friendly introduction
to the language that will help you to understand and speak Spanish sufficiently well to
function effectively in basic everyday situations.
3. Beginning Spanish for the Utterly Confused by Jean Yates. An ideal, easily
accessible, instructional guide to serve as an introduction to both spoken and written
Spanish. Discover a newer, clearer way to look at Spanish. You don't have to be
confused anymore.
4. Breaking Out of Beginner's Spanish by: Joseph J. Keenan. Discover verb usages
and phrases that you're not going to learn in your standard Spanish class. It also helps
you get around English verb/preposition concepts that don't have a direct translation.
5. Learn Spanish the Fast and Fun Way by Gene Hammitt. Designed specifically for
beginners, this book teaches the basics of reading, writing, understanding, and speaking
the new language. It also includes helpful facts and tips for international travelers, and a
set of vocabulary flashcards and a small staple-bound bilingual dictionary booklet that
can be easily removed from the book's spine for supplementary use. Companion audio
tapes/CD are also available.
6. Practical Spanish Grammar : A Self-Teaching Guide by Marcial Prado. Combining
the quick-reference virtues of a phrase book with the learning tools of a full-fledged
language course, this popular guide gives you a solid start.
7. Spanish Grammar (Barron's Grammar Series) by Christopher Kendris, Ph.D. This
book is small, but it has all the points that get confused. While there are no exercises or
cultural tips, there is a section in the back that covers idioms, and it even has synonyms
of common Spanish verbs!
8. Spanish Verbs (Barron's Verb Series) by Christopher Kendris, Ph.D. Verbs are
usually a major stumbling block in learning a foreign language, but this is the best
compact verb book for quickly getting a good grasp of the basics as well as the more
complex issues.
9. Spanish Vocabulary by Julianne Dueber. This little book packs a powerful punch. It
contains over 6000 words and expressions categorized in 40 useful categories that
include travel, science, and the human body. There are even idiomatic expressions. The
book's organization makes it very easy to find a related group of words.
Vámonos: Introduction to Spanish for Adults
215-663-1296 (office)
215-663-1297 (fax)
[email protected]
http://www.taylortraining.com
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