Biology
Unit 4A Cells – Introduction
Textbook sections:
Chapter 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 (through page 78)
Chapter 5.5
*Microscope questions will be on the unit test, but not on the Keystone Exam
Essential Questions:
1. How was the cell theory developed?
*2. What steps are involved in properly using a microscope to look at a specimen?
*3. How does a compound light microscope work?
*4. What are some advantages and some disadvantages to using an electron microscope
instead of a compound light microscope?
5. How are eukaryotes different from prokaryotes?
6. How do organelles help a eukaryotic cell function more efficiently?
7. How is the body of a multicellular organism like a human organized?
8. How can you classify the type of organism a single cell came from?
Learning Goals:
1. Describe the characteristics of life shared by all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.
2. Discuss development of the Cell Theory.
*3. Demonstrate proper care and use of a compound light microscope.
*4. Identify the major parts of a compound light microscope and explain their function.
*5. Compare and contrast a compound light microscope with an electron microscope.
6. Describe a typical prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
7.Compare cellular structures and their functions in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
8. Describe and interpret relationships between structure and function at various levels of
biological organization (i.e., organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and
multicellular organisms)
9. Explain how cells differentiate in multicellular organisms.
10. Analyze structural and functional similarities and differences between prokaryotes
and eukaryotes.
11. Compare and contrast cells from members of at least two different kingdoms.
Vocabulary:
1. Cytoplasm
2. Organelle
3. Prokaryote
4. Eukaryote
5. Cytoskeleton
6. Nucleus
7. Endoplasmic Reticulum
8. Ribosome
9. Golgi apparatus
10. Vesicle
11. Mitochondria
12. Vacuole
13. Lysosome
14. Centriole
15. Cell wall
16. Chloroplast
17. Cell membrane
also called the plasma membrane
18. Phospholipid
19. Cilia
20. Flagella
21. Nuclear membrane / nuclear envelope
22. Tissue
23. Organ
24. Organ system
25. Cell Differentiation
26. Stem Cell