Topic # 6.3
GPS: 9a,b,c
Name: ______________________
Electromagnetic Waves
& Light Funsheet
Date: ___/____/____ Per: ___
PS
SPS9a Recognize that all waves transfer energy. SPS9b Relate frequency
and wavelength to the energy of different types of electromagnetic waves
and mechanical waves. SPS9c Compare and contrast the characteristics
of electromagnetic and mechanical (sound) waves.
Directions: After reading sections 12.1 and 12.2 in your textbook, fill in the blanks below.
Section 1: What are electromagnetic waves?
Section 2: The Electromagnetic Spectrum
A. Electromagnetic waves are made by vibrating electric
charges and can travel through __Space_____________.
B. Electric and magnetic fields—related __forces__ that operate
even in empty space
1. A _moving____ electric charge creates a magnetic field.
2. __changing___ magnetic fields create changing electric
fields and vice versa.
C. Electromagnetic waves are produced when an electric charge
is __vibrating________________.
1. Vibrating electric charges are _surrounded___ by
vibrating electric and magnetic fields.
2. Vibrating electric and magnetic fields travel
__outward_______ from the moving charge.
D. Properties of electromagnetic _fields_____________—carry
radiant energy
1. Frequency and wavelength—as frequency
__increases___, wavelength decreases
a. Frequency is the number of _vibrations________
per second; measured in hertz.
b. Wavelength is the _distance__________ from one
crest to another and is measured in meters.
2. Wave speed—in the vacuum of space = 3x10^8 m/s_;
electromagnetic waves slow as they travel through
matter.
E. Waves and particles—__difference_ not clear
1. Light can behave as a particle, a _Photon________,
whose energy depends on frequency.
2. All __particles______ can behave like a wave
A. The entire _range_____________ of electromagnetic wave
frequencies is called the electromagnetic spectrum.
B. _Radio______ waves—low-frequency electromagnetic waves
with wavelengths from less than a centimeter to about 1000
meters
1. Microwaves—radio wave lengths of about 1 to _10_ cm
2. _Radar_______—radio waves bounced off an object to
determine its speed and location
3. _Magnetic _Resonance_ _Imaging_ (MRI)—radio waves
produce an image of the inside of the body
C. Infrared waves—electromagnetic wave with a slightly
_higher______________ frequency than radio waves; people
feel it as thermal energy or warmth
D. _Visible__ _Light__—has wavelengths between about 390 to
770 billionth of a meter; can be seen with the eye
E. _Ultraviolet__ _Light_—have frequencies slightly higher than
visible light; can damage skin
1. Ultraviolet light can kill__ bacteria_.
2. Ultraviolet light can be absorbed by some _fluorescent_____
materials and released as visible light.
3. _Ozone_____ layer above Earth’s surface absorbs most
of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet waves.
F. _X-rays_____and gamma rays—ultra-high-frequency EM
waves that can travel through matter, break molecular bonds,
and damage cells. These waves carry the most energy.
1. X rays are used to provide images of __bones______ and to
examine suitcases at airports without opening them.
2. Radiation therapy is used to _kill___ diseased cells.
Directions: List the types of EM wave found
at each number on the spectrum to the left.
1. ____Radio Waves________________
2. ____microwaves_________________
3. ____infrared light________________
4. ____visible light__________________
5. ____ultraviolet light_______________
6. ____X-Rays______________________
7. ____gamma rays_________________
True or False? The types of waves listed
above are in order of lowest to highest
frequency.
Color in the visible part of the EM Spectrum in the boxes to the right.
Use the following colors: orange, blue, yellow, red, green, violet. Put
the color with the longest wavelength and lowest frequency on the far
left. Put the color with the shortest wavelength and highest frequency
on the far right. Then fill in the other colors in the correct order.
Directions: Listed below are nine ordinary activities. Write a Y on the line beside each act that requires or produces electromagnetic
waves. Write an N beside those that do not.
N 7. reading a book
Y 1. listening to CDs
N 4. smelling perfume
____
____
____
N 2. whispering in someone’s ear
____
____
____
Y 8. making toast
N 5. making ripples in water
____ 3. examining luggage at an airport
____ 6. getting a suntan
____ 9. playing a drum
N
Y
Y
Directions: Circle the term that correctly completes the sentence.
Color the bananas
and the light waves
appropriately.
1.
One Hz is one vibration each (second, minute).
2.
As the frequency of a wave (increases, decreases), the wavelength becomes smaller.
3.
The (speed, intensity) of the wave depends upon the material the wave travels through.
4.
The energy carried by an electromagnetic wave is called (radiant energy, magnetism).
5.
All electromagnetic waves travel at 300,000,000 m/s through a (vacuum, diamond).
6.
Electromagnetic waves are made by vibrating electrical charges that travel through (space, matter).
7.
Light can behave as a particle, called a (neutron, photon) whose energy depends on the frequency.
Directions: After reading sections 13.1 and 13.2 in your textbook, fill in the blanks below.
Section 1: The Behavior of Light
1.
_Index of Refraction_________—indicates how much a
material reduces the speed of light; the more light is
slowed, the _greater___ the index of refraction
_Prisms____—separate white light into visible spectrum
based on light wavelengths
_Rainbows___—caused by water droplets refracting
wavelengths of sunlight
Refraction of light through air layers of different
densities can result in a __mirage______.
A. Light and matter—objects must _Reflect__ light to be seen.
1. _Opaque__ materials do not allow light to pass through
them; they only absorb and reflect light.
2.
2. Some light passes through _translucent____ materials.
3. _Transparent_____ materials allow almost all light to
3.
pass through them; only a little light is absorbed and
reflected.
4.
B. Reflection of light—a light wave strikes an object and
__bounces off_______
Section 2: Light and Color
1. _Law of Reflection____—the angle at which light strikes A. _Color___—determined by wavelength of light an object reflects
a surface is the same as the angle at which it is reflected
1. Objects appear to be _white__ because they reflect all
2. _Regular____ reflection—reflection of light waves from
colors of visible light.
a smooth surface
2. Objects appear to be _black____ because they absorb,
3. diffuse reflection—reflection of light waves from a
rather than reflect, all colors of visible light.
_rough__ surface
Color the light waves
appropriately.
white
3.
C.
__Refraction of light_____—change in the speed of a light
wave when it passes from one material to another
black
Filter—transparent material that _absorbs____ all colors
except the color or colors it transmits. Filters can make
objects appear to be different _colors_________.
Directions: Complete the paragraphs using the words listed in the box.
For you to see an object, it must 1. _reflect___________________ light. A 2. __regular__________________ reflection
shows a clear image, like that in a mirror. A brick wall causes a 3. _difusse_____________ reflection. A material through
which nearly all light passes is 4. _transparent_.A material that lets some light pass through is 5. _translucent________.
No light passes through 6. _opaque___________________ objects. 7. __white_________ light is a mixture of all visible
wavelengths of the spectrum. 8. _Black______________ objects absorb all colors and reflect little light. White light is
separated into the colors of the spectrum through 9. __refraction____________. One way of producing color is by the
use of a 10. __filter____________, a transparent object that 11. __absorbs______________ some colors and allows
others to pass through. The color of the filter is the same as the color of light it 12. _transmits_____________.
Visible light can be separated into different colors by using a 13. _prism________________. A mirage results from light
being refracted through 14. __air layers__________ of different densities. 15. _Index of refraction_____ is a property of
a material that indicates how much it reduces the speed of light.
absorbs
air layers
black
diffuse
filter
index of
refraction
opaque
prism
reflect
refraction
regular
translucent
transmits
transparent
white