42. Define the following: Summer Solstice, Winter Solstice, Fall Equinox, Spring
Equinox.
Summer Solstice: the day of the year with the greatest amount of daylight
hours in the northern hemisphere; when the N. hemisphere is tilted towards
the Sun; summer solstice for north = cancer; summer solstice for south =
Capricorn
Winter Solstice: the day of the year with the least amount of daylight hours in
the northern hemisphere; when the N. hemisphere is tilted away from the
Sun; winter solstice for north = Capricorn; winter solstice for south = cancer
Fall = day where the Sun is directly over the Equator, neither hemisphere is
tilted towards or away from the Sun; results in equal amounts of daylight and
night all over Earth (12 hours of each)
Spring Equinox = day where the Sun is directly over the Equator, neither
hemisphere is tilted towards or away from the Sun; results in equal amounts
of daylight and night all over Earth (12 hours of each)
43. In what general direction does the Earth orbit the Sun (as seen from the North
Pole)?
Counterclockwise
44. Draw a diagram of the Earth, Moon and Sun showing the Moon phases during full
revolution of the Moon. Make sure to draw the shadow on both the Earth and the
30 Checks –
Moon, and label all Moon phases.
45. Does the moon rotate? How does this affect how we see the moon?
Yes;
it rotates at the same speed as it revolves – we see the same side of the
Moon (the same side always faces Earth)
46. During which phase would the Earth receive the most reflected light from the Sun?
The Full moon
47. If a New moon occurred on January 14th, on which date would you expect to see a
3rd Quarter moon? Waning crescent?
February 4th for 3rd Qtr;
between Feb. 4th and Feb 11th for waning crescent.
48. What is a tide? What generally causes tides?
A tide is a change in the overall water level in a body of water
due to the gravity pull of the Moon and the Sun on the water.
49. How often do high and low tides happen on Earth?
High tide and low tide both happen twice a day (4 tides/day
2 hi, 2 lo;
therefore, a tide change happens every 6 hours (low to high, 6 hours; high to
low, 6 hours, etc.)
50. What are Spring Tides and Neap tides?
Special tides that cause daily high tides to be higher or lower than normal
Spring Tides = high tides are higher, low tides are lower than normal
Neap tides = high tides are lower, low tides are higher than normal
51. How often do Spring Tides happen on Earth? Neap Tides?
Spring tides = twice a month (full and new moon)
Neap tides = twice a month (1st and 3rd quarter)
52. What happens to the daily tides as the Moon changes from New moon to 1st
Quarter? From 1st Quarter to Full moon?
New to 1st quarter = they decrease
1st to full = they increase
53. {Could be greatest to least, least to greatest, parts of a whole, alphabetical, etc.}
Greatest to least: universe, galaxy, solar system, star, planet, moon, comet
54. Supergiants: no relationship – all are bright at different temperatures;
Giants – no relationship – all are fairly bright and have fairly low
temperatures;
Main sequence: the brighter the star, the hotter it is;
White dwarfs: no relationship – most are dim regardless of temperature.
55. Sirius B, The Sun, Aldebaran, Rigel
(could be others, just needs to start at the bottom of the diagram and work
towards the top)
56 s X 1.8 = 101 