Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
Attempt any FOUR questions. All questions are of equal marks.
Regular 2069 Magh/Falgun
1. (a) A forester standing 30m away from the base of a 5° inward leaned Oak tree on
regular slope observed with Abney’s level on the top of the tree and top of the staff
(located at the base of the tree) and found 10° an 65° as angle of depression
respectively. If the height of the staff is equal to the eye height of the forester, i.e.
1.5m. Calculate the height of the Oak tree.
(5)
(b) How the error due to lean of the tree can be reduced in the measurement of
height of the tree?
(2)
(c) How are the no. of sample plots allocated in stratified random sampling?
(3)
2. (a) The volume of a log by Newton’s formula is 6.67m3. The diameter at the thick
end and thin end are 78cm and 41cm respectively. If the length of log is 16m.
Calculate the diameter of log at the middle.
(3)
(b) What is form factor? What are its uses?
(2)
(c) What are the different criteria of selecting best model from the available models
to prepare volume table by regression method?
(5)
3. (a) What is simple random sampling? In which condition is simple random sampling
used?
(1+1)
(b) What is point sampling? In a forest, 5 sampling points were established and
viewed through the wedge prism having basal area factor 10m 2 per ha. If 12 trees
were fully tallied while viewing with the wedge prism, find out the basal area per ha
in that forest.
(1+3)
(c) Briefly describe the inventory technique of any one commercially important Non
Tomber Forest Product?
(4)
4. (a) With the help of following given table, prepare the futures stand table by using
the method of stand table projection.
(5)
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 1
Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
DBH
(inch)
12
14
16
Present stand
(no. of stems)
88
40
11
Expected mortality
(present)
20
15
10
Expected survival
(no. of stem)
70
34
10
10 years DBH
growth (inch)
2.2
2.4
2.6
(b) Describe about the different types of aerial photographs.
(3)
(c) Briefly describe the basic elements of stand growth.
(2)
5. (a) Briefly describe the growth & yield in case of uneven aged stand with diagram. (3)
(b) Describe the method of stem analysis.
(3)
(c) What are the different factors that effect the diameter growth in plant?
(2)
(d) What is site and site quality?
(2)
6. (a) Briefly describe the method of area determination from aerial photographs?
(3)
(b) What is the difference between normal yield table and empirical yield table? (2)
(c) What is the main assumption behind the preparation & use of volume tables? (2)
(d) What is biomass? List out any two biomass equations.
(2)
(e) What are the major points upon which the length of log depends?
(1)
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 2
Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
Regular 2068
1. (a) Differentiate between the following:
i. Volume table & yield table
ii. L.V.T. and G.V.T.
iii. C.A.I. and M.A.I.
iv. Stump analysis and stem analysis
v. Form factor and form quotient
(b) Describe about the line plot system of cruising.
2. (a) What do you mean by growth & yield models? List out the types of growth &
yield models. Write the application of growth and yield modeling.
(b) What do you mean by growth and yield? Describe in brief about growth and yield
of uneven aged forest.
3. (a) Describe the inventory method of non timber forest products with one example?
(b) How many formula are there for log volume calculation? Explain.
4. (a) Describe about the point sampling in brief.
(b) What do you mean by regression? Describe about the preparation of general
volume table by regression technique.
5. (a) Write in brief about simple random sampling.
(b) Describe about allocation of field plot in stratified random sampling.
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Aerial photographs (b) Growth prediction (c) Importance of forest management
Regular 2067 Magh/Falgun
1. (a) What do you mean by growth and yield? Describe in brief about growth and yield
of even aged forest.
(b) What do you mean by growth and yield models? List out the types of growth and
yield models. Write the application of growth and yield modeling.
2. (a) Write in brief about the stratified random sampling.
(b) The length of log is 40 feet and diameter at the top end and the bottom end is 40
inches and 38 inches respectively. Calculate its volume.
3. (a) Describe about similar triangle principle for height measurement.
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 3
Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
(b) Describe the sources of error in height measurement.
4. (a) What is General Volume Table? How can you prepare it by regression technique?
Explain.
(b) In a Sal Forest number of tree tallied is 220 at 8 points. If BAF is 10, how much
basal area is there in Sal forest?
5. (a) What do you mean by form factor and form quotient? Explain
(b) Write in brief about CAI & MAI.
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Importance of forest management (b) Yield table (c) Diameter growth
Regular 2065 Mangsir/Poush
1. A 1.5m tall ranger standing 30m away from the base of a 7° outward-leaned Pine
tree on regular slope observed with Vertex instrument on the top and bottom of
such tree and found 15° and 75° as angles of depressions, respectively. What would
be true total height of a pine tree?
2. What do you mean by tree form? What are the different geometrical solids that may
exist in a tree-bole? How could you study tree form? Describe with suitable
examples. State Metzger’s theory and establish mathematical relationship between
length of tree-bole and its diameter using bending equation of cantilever beam.
3. What are the implication of stump and stem analysis in forest management? When
and how stem analysis is carried out? Prove mathematically that CAI intersects MAI
at its culminating point. How could increment percent be known using different
formulae? Describe with suitable examples.
4. What do you mean by modeling biomass of tree or stand? What criteria should be
used for evaluation for predictive performance of the fitted biomass models? How
could you derive LVT from General volume equation using regression techniques?
Also, list out the major steps of preparing LVT using graphical method.
5. Define stand growth and yield. How site quality is assessed quantitatively? Establish
the mathematical relationship between stand growth and yield using suitable
equation and example. What factors have to be considered while developing
individual tree growth models?
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Horizontal point sampling
(b) Photo volume table
(c) Yield table
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 4
Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
Regular 2064 Bhadra/Aswin
1. (a) A tree is leaning away from the observer and his/her eye is between the top and
base of the tree. How can you measure the height of the tree? Explain with clear
diagram?
(b) What are the uses of form factor? Explain.
2. (a) Describe the strip system of cruising.
(b) By interpolation from a standard volume table, how can you prepare a LVT?
Explain with example.
3. (a) Explain the simple random sampling.
(b) How can you allocate a field plot in proportional and optimum in stratified
random sampling?
4. (a) How many types of aerial photographs are used in forest inventory? Explain.
(b) How can you estimate the volume of stands by aerial photographs? Explain.
5. (a) What do you mean by growth and yield? Which factors relate them with each
other? Explain.
(b) A log is 48 feet long and diameter at large end and small end is 28 inches and 24
inches, respectively. Calculate its volume.
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Stump analysis
(b) Biomass table
(c) Yield table
Regular 2063 Kartik/Mangsir
1. (a) Explain the principles involved in height measurement.
(b) How many types of tools are used for height measurement? Explain any one.
2. (a) What are the methods of computing timber volume from point sampling?
(b) Describe about the systematic sampling.
3. (a) What is stand density? How can you measure it?
(b) Describe about the stand structure.
4. (a) What is volume table? How can you prepare LVT by regression technique?
(b) What are the different formulae for volume calculation? Explain.
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 5
Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
5. (a) Describe about the line plot system of cruising.
(b) How can you estimate and calculate the sample size and intensity in a given
sampling area?
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Sources of error in height measurement
(b) Basal area per hectare
(c) Taper table
Regular 2062 Bhadra/Aswin
1. (a) Differentiate between the following:
i. Top height and crop height
ii. Top diameter and crop diameter
iii. MAI and CAI
iv. LVT and GVT
v. Form factor and Form quotient
(b) How can you prepare a LVT by Graphical method? Explain.
2. (a) Describe about the stratified random sampling. How can you estimate and
calculate the sample size and intensity?
(b) 30 feet long log’s diameter at large, mid and small end is 36”, 34” and 32”
respectively. Calculate the volume of the log.
3. (a) What is forest mensuration and its scope in forestry sector? What do you mean
by Bias, Accuracy and precision?
(b) An observer is standing at a distance of 60 feet from the tree. S/he measure top
angle 60°, base angle 40°. If his/her height is 5.5 feet, calculate the height of the tree.
4. (a) What are the rules of DBH measurement and its significance in forestry?
(b) What is biomass table? Write down the biomass equations.
5. (a) What is point sampling? How does it work on forestry inventory?
(b) What are the instruments which are used in point sampling? Explain.
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Line plot system of cruising
(b) Aerial photograph in Forestry
(c) Stem and stump analysis
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 6
Forest Mensuration (SFM 456), Full Marks: 40, Pass Marks: 14, Practical: 10
Regular 2060 Falgun/Chaitra
1. (a) Define the term Bias, Accuracy and precision.
(b) How heights of leaning trees are measured in slope?
2. (a) What do you mean by biomass modeling and what are different biomass
equations?
(b) What are the difference between LVT and GVT?
3. (a) What are the scopes of sampling in forestry?
(b) Discuss horizontal and vertical point sampling in forest inventory.
4. What do you mean by stand growth? How stand growth can be differentiated from
yield?
5. What do you understand by growth index ratio? If you know the growth index ratio
of each diameter class, how will you predict the yield of forest for few years?
6. Write short notes on any TWO:
(a) Site quality
(b) Aerial photographs in forest inventory
(c) Significance of tree-height measurement
Question Bank of B.Sc. Forestry 2nd Year 2nd Semester, KAFCOL
Prepared By: Kishwor Gandharba, 6th Batch, Kafcol
Page 7