Get active Your guide to a more active lifestyle More than two thirds of adults and a third of children in the UK aren’t getting enough physical activity.* Are you one of them? This guide contains resources to help you find ways of increasing the activity in your life. *www.ic.nhs.uk Contents f Get moving f Gardening f Walking f Yoga f Fuel yourself f Foods to make you feel great f Hydration f Active children f Step it up f f f f f f Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way f Activity for all ages Click on the button to go to the page you want. Your guide to a more active lifestyle These days our lives are less active than they used to be. Our lifestyles have changed over the years meaning that we drive more, we use machines for many activities such as washing and entertainment and most people have jobs which involve little physical activity. A less active lifestyle means it’s important for us to think about finding activities we enjoy and be conscious of how we can fit more activity into our lives. A little activity can go a long way Get moving Gardening A little activity can go a long way Walking Being active doesn't have to mean joining a gym or joining an exercise class: we can all build extra activity into our everyday lives. It’s easy to find ways to walk more or drive less or simply choose to take the stairs rather than the lift. All that is required is a moderate level of activity which gets you warm, slightly breathless and gets your heart beating a little faster than normal. Every little really does help, and the recommended 30 minutes of moderate activity at least five times a week can be done in two or three 10 to 15 minute blocks, rather than all at once. You may need to do more than 30 minutes if actively trying to lose weight. Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Why get active? There are many benefits to being physically active. Such as: ■ Maintaining a healthy weight ■ Reducing your risk of heart disease ■ Reducing your risk for type 2 diabetes ■ Reducing your risk of some cancers ■ Strengthening your bones and muscles ■ Improving your mental health and mood ■ Increase your chances of living longer ■ Having more energy ■ Being able to sleep better ■ Keeping flexible ■ Feeling more relaxed Increase the activity in your life Adopting a more active lifestyle can be as simple as doing daily tasks more energetically, or making small changes to your routine. Here are just a few suggestions: At home ■ Walk the children or grandchildren to school, then jog home. ■ Push the mower with extra vigour. ■ Speed up the housework – vacuum harder and faster until you’re warm. ■ Put on some music for a ten minute dance. ■ Apply some real elbow grease when cleaning the car. ■ Spend some time gardening. ■ Replace half an hour of TV with a brisk walk around the block. Cycling At work ■ Park further away from the office or get off the bus a stop early and walk the rest of the way. ■ Use the stairs rather than the lift. ■ Don’t pick up the phone, walk to see a colleague. ■ Use your lunch hour to take a brisk walk. ■ Consider cycling to and from work. ■ Drink more water, the trip to the water cooler to refill counts as activity. Out and about ■ Leave the car at home for short journeys and cycle or walk instead. ■ Get off the bus a stop earlier, or get on a stop later. ■ Park at the far end of the supermarket car park, or walk to the shops. ■ Join in with your children’s/grandchildren’s games. ■ Jog and walk the dog - jog ten paces, then walk ten. ■ Join an exercise class at your community centre. Read on to discover some light activities that will get you moving and keep you healthy... f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Get moving Gardening It takes at least 30 minutes several days a week, to really receive any health benefits from gardening. However researchers are now saying that you can break those 30 minutes up into shorter active periods throughout the day. As long as each activity lasts at least 8 minutes and is of moderate intensity, when you total them up to 30 minutes per day, you’ll reap the same rewards as if you had been gardening for half an hour straight. Walking Yoga Step it up So you can do a little weeding in the cool of the morning and go back out to the garden in the evening to prune and trim. Garden workout Is the thought of the gym getting you down? Have your trainers been sat in the same place for over a year? Then it may be reassuring to know that by doing just a few hours of gardening on a regular basis you will be exercising your whole body and it will count towards your weekly activity. While working in the garden, you are using all the major muscle groups: legs, buttocks, arms, shoulders, neck, back and abdomen. By using these muscles you’re helping to build strength and burn calories at the same time. Gardening benefits Gardening has a number of advantages that make it a great form of exercise. Reaching for weeds, bending to plant and extending a rake are all different types of stretches that you may not realise you’re doing but are great for keeping yourself flexible. Lifting bags of mulch and pushing wheelbarrows can also help to keep your bones and joints healthy. 30 minutes of gardening can help: ■ Increase flexibility ■ Strengthen joints ■ Decrease blood pressure and cholesterol levels ■ Lower your risk of diabetes ■ Slow osteoporosis f Step it up ■ Take it slow. Whatever your shape, slightly different muscle activity can still have an effect on your body. This can be especially true when doing a lot of planting and cleaning up both at the beginning of the season and in the Autumn. If you do experience muscle pain and it continues to last longer than two days or is starting to get worse then speak to your GP. ■ Wear the right clothing. Ensure your clothing fits properly, the wrong clothing can restrict your movement. By wearing supportive footwear you can help prevent foot, ankle, knee, hip and lower back pain. ■ Eat well and stay hydrated. By eating a well balanced diet you can gain the energy needed for your activity and allow for a healthy weight loss. Be sure to take in plenty of fluids after any activity, especially when outdoors. Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Safe lifting When working in the garden you need to ensure you’re lifting properly, by using your legs. Vary your tasks and your movements and make use of the major muscle groups, to get the most benefit. f Fuel yourself Swimming Cycling Getting started f f Get moving Dancing f Active children Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Garden workout continued Gardening Aches and pains aren’t necessarily a sign of a good workout. Your muscles may feel tired, but they shouldn’t hurt unless you’re using muscles you haven’t worked in a while or you’re using them wrong. Have a look at the following tips when lifting and moving around the garden: ■ Keep the load as close to your body as possible ■ Keep the heaviest side of the load closest to your body ■ When pulling or pushing, use your body weight to move the load – if possible, let the momentum of the load do some of the work e.g. when pushing a wheelbarrow ■ When pulling, keep your back straight and your arms as close to your body centre line as possible ■ Avoid twisting your body when turning ■ Lift your head first – your back then straightens automatically ■ Grip the load with your palms, rather than just your fingers. If you need to change your grip, rest the load first Stretch out Gardening is like any other form of exercise, so you need to ensure you warm up and stretch beforehand. Gardening is usually a seasonal activity so if you haven’t been out for a while it is especially important you prepare your body for the activity ahead. The most common gardening injuries are back strain and knee pain. Some easy stretching will go a long way toward lessening both of these. Have a look at three easy stretches you can do at home: ■ Back: Lie on the floor, pull your knees into your chest and wrap your arms around them. Hold that position for a minute, relax and repeat two more times. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing ■ Shoulders: Hold a towel over your head. Bring the towel behind your head, with one hand and lower the other hand to below shoulder height. Hold and gently pull on the towel. Switch sides and repeat. Swimming ■ Legs: Brace yourself on a counter top and push away stretching one leg behind you and then the other. Cycling Racket sports Gardening may not be enough exercise to replace your daily run or swim but it’s good to know you’re benefitting your health and keeping your body active whilst doing something you enjoy. Always check with your doctor first if you feel unsure about how much exercise you should be doing. Make sure you incorporate a little stretching before and after gardening and take things slowly in extreme heat. Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Get moving Gardening ■ Take a quick walk on your lunch break, as long as it gets your heart rate rising you're still gaining the benefits ■ Use the stairs instead of the lift ■ Walk the children to school ■ Organise a regular walk with a friend ■ Consider joining a local walking group Walking Yoga Have a goal Walk the walk Walking is one of the simplest forms of exercise and probably the easiest to incorporate into your everyday life. Walking is ideal for people of all ages and fitness levels that are keen to get more active, lose weight and stay healthy. Why should I walk? Regular walking has been shown to reduce the risk of chronic illnesses and improve your overall wellbeing. Take a look at some of the reasons why walking will benefit you: ■ It will help you gain more energy ■ Your stress levels will be reduced which will also help you sleep ■ It will improve your heart’s health and reduce your blood pressure ■ You will be able to manage your weight ■ It will reduce the risk of a number of cancers ■ It will reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes Get into the habit The best way to get active is to introduce walking into your everyday life. Try and make it a habit and see how walking can work for you. ■ Leave the car at home and walk to work instead ■ Get off the bus a few stops early and walk the rest of the way f Get moving f Step it up Try to walk 10,000 steps a day. Most of us walk between 3,000 and 4,000 steps a day anyway, so reaching 10,000 isn't as frightening as it might sound. Try walking fast for a couple of minutes and see how you feel. You’ll be able to increase this over time and if you do feel ready to walk a little faster after a few minutes then pick up the pace. Try using a pedometer to work out your average daily steps, these are a fun way for you to keep track and you can challenge yourself by setting goals for the week. Ready, set, go Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Begin every walk slowly, by doing so you can build up your walking regime over time and see what works well for you. To gain the benefits from walking you need to do moderate-intensity aerobic activity, this means your pace should be faster than a stroll. This type of activity will raise your heart rate and you should break a sweat. A good way to test yourself is to see if you’re still able to talk during the activity but struggle to sing a song. Gradually lessen your pace when nearing the end of your walk. This will allow your body to cool down slowly and by finishing with a few gentle stretches you’ll also help improve your body’s flexibility. Racket sports Running Get fit your way Top tips on walking techniques ■ Avoid over striding. This will slow you down and you’ll be unable to walk as far due to tiredness ■ Walk heel to toe and not flatfooted to increase speed ■ Roll the foot forward over the centre of your foot ■ Push off the ground with your toes ■ Your waist should twist. Restricted hip movement will slow you down ■ Keep your shoulders and neck relaxed. Head should be upright, eyes looking forward ■ Keep your elbows at 90˚ and your hands relaxed ■ Speed up your arm swing to increase your speed and your legs will follow f f Fuel yourself f Active children Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Get moving Gardening Mindful exercise Yoga is a form of exercise that focuses on strength, flexibility and breathing to boost physical and mental wellbeing. The two main components of yoga are posture and breathing. Just about anyone can practice yoga, from children all the way up to the elderly and it is now popular in leisure centres, health clubs, schools, hospitals and surgeries. What are the health benefits to yoga? Most studies suggest that yoga is a safe and effective way to improve physical activity, especially strength, flexibility and balance. There's some evidence that regular yoga practice is beneficial for people with high blood pressure and heart disease. Take a look at some of the physical benefits: ■ Flexibility: Stretching your body in new ways will help it to become more flexible by working muscles and joints that you wouldn’t normally use. Over time, you can expect to gain flexibility in your hamstrings, back, shoulders, and hips. f Get moving f Step it up ■ Strength: Many yoga poses require you to support the weight of your own body in new ways, including balancing on one leg or supporting yourself with your arms. Some exercises require you to move slowly in and out of poses, which helps to increase strength. ■ Muscle tone: As a result of getting stronger, overtime you will begin to see increased muscle tone. ■ Pain prevention: Increased flexibility and strength can help prevent the causes of some types of back pain. Yoga can improve your alignment, both in and out of class, which can help prevent many other types of pain and tightness. ■ Better breathing: Most of us breathe very shallowly into the lungs and don't give much thought to how we breathe. Yoga breathing exercises focus the attention on the breath and teach us how we can use our lungs more effectively, which benefits the entire body. Certain types of breathing can also help clear the nasal passages and even calm the central nervous system, which has both physical and mental benefits. Take a look at some of the mental benefits: ■ Mental calmness: Concentrating so intently on what your body is doing has the effect of bringing a calmness to your mind. Yoga also introduces you to meditation techniques, such as watching how you breathe and disengagement from your thoughts, which help calm the mind. ■ Stress reduction: Physical activity is good for relieving stress, and this is particularly true of yoga. Due to the concentration required, your daily troubles, both large and small, have been said to melt away during the time you’re doing yoga. This can help provide a break from your concerns, as well as helping put things into perspective. The emphasis yoga places on being in the moment can also help relieve stress, as you learn not to dwell on past events or anticipate the future. ■ Body awareness: Doing yoga will give you an increased awareness of your own body. You often need to make small, subtle movements to improve your alignment. Over time, this will increase your level of comfort and can lead to improved posture and greater self-confidence. f f Fuel yourself f Active children Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Mindful exercise continued Gardening Am I flexible enough to do yoga? Yoga is not to show off how flexible you are, but rather to become more flexible over time while enjoying the health benefits. Yoga is not like gymnastics, where you’re competing over flexibility but will help improve your suppleness and help you go beyond your normal range of movement. The aim is for you to feel more comfortable during normal daily activity. The exercise is personal to you and adapts to your individual needs. What style of yoga should I do? There are different styles of yoga to suit different fitness levels and flexibility. Hatha and Iyengar are suitable for beginners. Some styles are more vigorous than others and some may have a different area of emphasis, such as posture or breathing. No style is necessarily better or more authentic than any other and you’ll find that many yoga teachers develop their own practice by studying more than one style. The key is to choose a class appropriate to your own style and fitness level. Top tips for beginners Have a look at some of the following tips to ensure you get the most from your first yoga experience: ■ Familiarise yourself with some beginners' yoga poses before you take your first class ■ Find a good teacher and let them know you’re a beginner ■ Look at some yoga etiquette before you start so you feel comfortable entering an unfamiliar situation ■ Ensure you’re wearing comfortable clothing your body will stretch in lots of different directions so you don’t want any restrictions ■ Don’t have a big meal right before the class. Try eating lightly a few hours before the class starts ■ Try to not drink water during the class, but have some with you for before and after ■ Look around and follow what other people are doing, especially if the teacher doesn’t demonstrate every pose. However, keep in mind that you may be looking at more advanced students, so don’t always compare yourself to them ■ Ask the teacher for help if you need it. The chances are someone else is thinking exactly the same thing ■ Be aware of the space around you. Classes can get busy so ensure you have enough space in case you, or others, lose their balance ■ Have a sense of humour! Yoga is a quiet, focused activity, but we don’t need to take ourselves too seriously. Have fun while gaining the health benefits. If you’re unsure about an existing health condition check with your GP to find out if there are any movements to avoid. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening Step it up Walking There are many ways to incorporate more vigorous activity into your life. The key is to find the right exercise for you. If it’s fun, you are more likely to stay motivated. There are numerous types of activities out there but here are just a few that you could easily get into: Yoga Dancing Step it up Dancing is a fun and sociable activity, with different styles and levels, so there's something to suit all ages and abilities. Dancing Swimming Swimming is good all-round exercise, and is ideal for people who may find more rigorous exercise difficult such as pregnant women and older people. Swimming Running Cycling Getting around by bike is a simple way to get your 30 minutes a day and can be built into your daily life. Running is one of the best types of exercise you can do for your heart, your body and to burn extra calories. It's also one of the cheapest activities. Cycling Read on to find out more about these activities… Racket sports Racket sports There are several to choose from, depending on your level of fitness and skill. Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening One of the best things about dancing is that while you’re having fun moving to music and meeting new people, you’re getting all the health benefits of a good workout. Walking Getting started Yoga ■ Find a dance class. See if your local college, social club or leisure centre runs classes. Most accredited dance schools hold beginners courses and welcome people with disabilities. It's worth trying a few different classes until you find the right one for you. Let’s dance Dance is the UK’s fastest growing art form. More than 4.8 million people regularly attend community dance groups each year in England alone. Many people think they can't dance because they have poor coordination, but anyone can dance. The main purpose is to enjoy moving to music, so dancing is suitable for people of all ages, shapes and sizes. Why dance? Dancing is largely an aerobic activity that improves the condition of the heart and lungs, as well as testing your balance. To dance for any length of time also requires muscular endurance and fitness. As with most activities, it's a matter of starting gently and building up to the right level of activity. Regular dancing is great for losing weight, maintaining strong bones, improving posture and muscle strength, increasing balance and coordination and beating stress. It’s also a brilliant form of exercise for both adults and children. ■ Wear comfortable clothing. Your clothing should give you freedom of movement and your shoes should be comfortable and appropriate to the dance style. Some classes, such as ballet, tap or jazz, may require specialist footwear depending on your level. Avoid wearing jewellery, such as earrings, rings and necklaces, which can scratch you or get caught in clothing. f Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Choose your style These are just some of the most popular dance styles taught throughout the UK. ■ Ceroc Ceroc is a simplified version of jive and quite similar to swing but without the complicated footwork. ■ Street dance Street dance describes urban dance styles that evolved in the street, school yards and nightclubs, including hip-hop, popping, locking, krumping and breaking. ■ Ballet Today there are three main forms of ballet: classical, neoclassical and contemporary. Ballet’s conventional steps, grace and fluidity of movement are a great foundation for dance in general. ■ Contemporary Unlike dances such as ballet, contemporary dance is not associated with specific techniques. In contemporary dance, people attempt to explore the natural energy and emotions of their bodies to produce dances that are often very personal. f f Get moving Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Let’s dance continued Gardening ■ Salsa Salsa dancing is a fun form of partner dancing, incorporating Afro-Caribbean and Latin styles into simple and lively movements.. The basic steps are easy to learn and you’ll salsa your way across the dance floor before you know it. ■ Ballroom Ballroom dancing has made a comeback in recent years. There are many styles of ballroom dancing from around the world, such as the waltz, tango and foxtrot, and each has specific step patterns. ■ Zumba Zumba is a popular fitness programme inspired by Latin dance. The word "Zumba" comes from a Colombian word that means to move fast and have fun. Zumba is aerobic dancing that is great fun and easy to learn. ■ Modern jazz Jazz dancing is energetic and fun, consisting of unique moves, fancy footwork, big leaps and quick turns. Jazz dance offers a full body workout, developing dance ability, flexibility, strength and rhythm. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening Swimming is also a great way to keep your weight under control. A 60kg (9 stone) person can burn 240 calories in 30 minutes by doing a slow crawl. A 30-minute session of moderate to vigorousintensity aerobic activity at the pool on one or more days a week will count towards your recommended weekly activity. Walking Yoga Can’t swim, won’t swim Step it up If you’re afraid of the water or struggle when you get to a certain depth don’t panic, start by building your confidence in the water. The more confidence you have in the water the stronger swimmer you’ll become. Dive into better health Swimming is a fantastic form of exercise, whatever your age or ability. It's ideal if you want to become more active and stay healthy, and is a great work out for your whole body. If you can’t swim, taking lessons or teaching yourself are excellent ways to help you enjoy the activity and it may one day help save a life. It’s never too late to learn. The best place to practice is your local pool. Ask about the different times the pool is open and when the busy period may be. If you want to take it slow then try and avoid the rush so you can swim at your own pace. Most pools offer a range of classes. These may be single sex classes or beginner’s lessons, parent and toddler groups or classes to suit different age groups. All of these will focus on improving your technique in the water and building your confidence. If you’re unsure about starting swimming lessons, ask if you can watch a class or two to get a better idea if it's for you, or ask to speak with one of the teachers. Take a look at some of the huge benefits to regularly taking a dip: ■ It can reduce the risk of chronic illnesses, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke ■ It can boost your mood ■ It will help increase your energy levels ■ It can help with joint or muscular problems ■ It can help improve your strength, flexibility and balance ■ You can swim what ever your age or ability f Get moving f Step it up Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running For most people, swimming is a safe and effective form of exercise. If you’re worried about an existing health condition, see your GP before you start. Get fit your way Getting started Swimwear is all you need! Make sure you choose swimwear that is comfortable and well fitted. Why should I swim? Dancing Most pools allow you to wear whatever swimwear you like, within reason, such as leggings or a close-fitting, long-sleeved T-shirt. So there’s no need to feel body conscious. It’s a good idea to wear a pair of goggles when swimming to avoid the chlorine irritating your eyes. It’s also a great way to build your confidence when swimming under water to see where you’re going. f f Fuel yourself f Active children Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Dive into better health continued Gardening Four techniques for you to try Keep yourself motivated Once you feel confident in the water you may want to try different swimming techniques. By trying one or more of the following you will be getting the most from your workout by using all of those different muscles and having fun at the same time. Once you’ve started swimming it’s just as important to keep it up. Take a look at some of the ways you can introduce swimming into your everyday life: Walking ■ Make it a habit. Try to set aside time every week to go for a swim, before or after work or on weekends. Plan it into your week so it becomes a part of your schedule. Yoga ■ Front Crawl. While one arm sweeps in the water from an overhead position to the hips, the other arm comes round from the hips to the overhead position. ■ Breast Stroke. Both your arms move simultaneously with short, semi-circular movements underwater. Your legs also move simultaneously which push out into a frog kick. ■ Butterfly Stroke. Once your arms are extended they begin by doing an insweep, then an outsweep which finish out of the water in your original position. Your legs move up and down simultaneously in a kick. ■ Back Stroke. On your back, one arm sweeps underwater from an overhead position to the hips, while the other arm comes round from the hips to the overhead position. Your feet are pointed and alternately kick upwards and downwards. ■ Take the children. Swimming is a great way for families to get active and have fun together. The children will love playing around in the pool whilst helping to keep themselves healthy. ■ Partner up. By swimming with a friend you can motivate each other on the days you’re not so keen to go. It’ll make swimming more fun for the two of you and you won’t want to let each other down. ■ Join a club. If you enjoy swimming and want to get more involved, consider joining a club. Clubs are a great way to socialise, improve your swimming and make sure you’re regularly active. Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening On your bike! Cycling is one of the easiest ways to fit exercise into your daily routine because it's a form of transport. Regular cycling can help you lose weight, get into shape, reduce stress and improve your fitness. Even though most of us own bikes there are an estimated 27 million across the UK - we just don't use them. Is it time to dust off the cobwebs and get back on your bike? Why cycle? Aside from the many environmental and financial positives, cycling is great exercise and has many health benefits. Such as: ■ A healthy heart. A major study of more than 10,000 people found those who cycle at least 20 miles a week are half as likely to have heart problems as those who don't cycle at all. ■ Weight control. Cycling burns about 300 calories an hour, so if you do it twice a day, the numbers soon add up. Cycling also accelerates your metabolism for short periods of time, so your body continues burning fat for a little while even after you put your bike away. ■ Improves strength, stamina and cardiovascular fitness. By combining cardio fitness with all-over muscle work, you’ll end up stronger and more energetic. You’ll look and feel healthier and your body will use energy more efficiently. ■ Improves balance, co-ordination and concentration. Keeping your balance on a bike works all the body’s major muscle groups. The concentration needed to operate a bicycle can help reduce mental stress and fatigue by clearing your mind and giving you something simple to devote all your attention to. ■ Strengthens bones and joints. Cycling is a lowimpact exercise that can be done even by those with weak knees, sore backs, and other aches and pains that might prevent more strenuous exercises. Cycling stretches and relaxes the tendons that hold the joints together, and strengthens the cartilage that pads the joints. ■ Promotes psychological wellbeing. Several studies have shown that exercise helps reduce stress, improves a general sense of wellbeing and improves mental capacities. f Step it up For most people, cycling is a safe and effective form of exercise. If you have any health concerns or an existing medical problem, see your GP before you start. What type of bike? For short journeys, any good working bike will do. You might have an old 10-speed racer, a shopping bike or a bargain mountain bike that you could use. If you’re buying a second-hand bike or you have an old bike that’s been gathering dust, consider having it serviced at a specialist bike shop to ensure it’s roadworthy. If you’re buying a new bike, there are many models to choose from. Hybrids, road bikes and mountain bikes are the most popular. A specialist bike shop will advise you on the correct frame size and help you select a bike to suit your budget and the type of cycling you want to do. There are also many bikes available for people with disabilities. f Fuel yourself Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Before you start f f Get moving Walking f Active children Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way On your bike! continued Gardening Starting out Staying motivated If you haven’t cycled much before or you’re out of the habit of cycling, find yourself a traffic-free area to start off in, such as your local park. Practise riding single-handed so you can make hand signals, and get comfortable looking over both shoulders to improve your visual awareness. Learn to cycle with confidence. Organisations such as Bikeability offer training schemes for both children and adults, some of which are free. If you’re just getting started, take it slowly and increase your cycle rides gradually. Any improvement on what you currently do is beneficial. ■ Make it a habit The easiest way to ensure you cycle regularly is to use your bike as a means of everyday transport. Work out your routes on websites such as www.sustrans.org.uk or there are also many smart phone apps available that can help you find the least busy routes. Safe cycling ■ Join a bike ride From charity rides to park cycles, signing up for a bike ride is a great way to stay motivated and experience the great outdoors. Cycle helmet Wearing a cycling helmet can help prevent a head injury if you fall from your bike. It's important to wear a helmet that meets the following criteria: ■ It is marked as meeting the British Standard (BS EN 1078:1997). ■ It is a snug fit and positioned squarely on your head. It should sit just above your eyebrows, not tilted back or tipped forwards. ■ It is securely fastened by straps, which aren't twisted, with only enough room for two fingers between your chin and the strap. It’s important to replace your helmet every five years. Don't buy a second-hand helmet as it may be damaged and may not protect you properly. ■ Mix it up There are many wonderful places to cycle in cities and the countryside. Cycling is an ideal way for friends and families to explore their neighbourhood and beyond. Sustrans has free information packs about cycling in your region. ■ Cycle to work Commuting by bike is cheap, green and one of the easiest ways to fit exercise into your routine. Many local councils offer free local cycling maps. ■ Cycle to school Riding to school is a great way to get children more active. Cycling has many benefits for children such as improved health, confidence and concentration. Parents may want to accompany younger children, which makes it a good way for grown-ups to get cycling too. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Lights and reflectors If you use your bike at night or when visibility is poor, it is compulsory to have: ■ a white front light ■ a red rear light ■ a red rear reflector ■ amber/yellow pedal reflectors – front and back on each pedal Reflectors fitted to the front and the spokes will also help you be seen. Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Did you know? 70 per cent of all car trips are less than five miles. Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening What are racket sports? Take a look at some of the most popular racket sports and see which one could benefit you: ■ Tennis. Tennis is a fast-paced sport that requires a combination of many different aspects of fitness, making it a great all-round workout. Tennis players perform the same few movements over and over again, which helps tone the thighs, buttocks, stomach and arms. Tennis is a great sport for maintaining health, fitness, strength and agility. It also has social and psychological benefits and all you need is a racket, tennis balls and trainers. Reach for your racket Racket sports have a great reputation for fitness. They involve a combination of skill, stamina, strength, power and reaction while also being great fun for all the family. Why should I play racket sports? Racket sports can increase your general health and fitness levels while also boosting your immune system and your physical strength. But such sports are not only about physical or psychological wellbeing. They also help you to get that much needed adrenalin rush. They give you a great opportunity to get active while having fun. Even if you have to slow down while playing badminton with your children, you’ll still be adding to your own skills and helping your children keep healthy and active. f Get moving f Step it up ■ Badminton. Badminton can be an energetic or light workout, depending on how you play it. Either way, the entire body is used due to the large range of movement the sport demands, including leaps, lunges, twists, turns and stretches. Badminton is easy to learn. Most players quickly gain enough skill to hit the shuttlecock over the net and play a rally with a friend. The shuttlecock is designed so that it will slow down and float in the air. For this reason, badminton is best played inside as the wind can have quite an impact on the shuttlecock's course. All you need to get started is a racket, a shuttlecock and a net. ■ Squash. Regularly playing squash gives excellent all round health benefits, particularly for the heart and lungs. Squash can help build strong muscles in the legs and buttocks. The sport requires quick movements and lunges, which help improve muscle tone. All you need is a squash racket, some squash balls and non-marking shoes. Most leisure centres hire out rackets and balls. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way ■ Table Tennis. Table tennis is a sport of precision and fast reactions. It also has many health benefits by working your heart and lungs, reflexes and co-ordination. It offers entertainment and good cardiovascular exercise to players of different ages and fitness levels. It’s also a great way to help improve your hand-eye co-ordination, mental alertness and speed of movement. To get started you'll need a bat of your own and a ball. Most leisure centres will have table tennis facilities for you to have a go and see if table tennis suits you. Fuel yourself f Active children f Fuel yourself f Active children Foods to make you feel great Hydration Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening On your marks… Check yourself out Before you start running you should see your GP if you feel out of shape, or you're recovering from injury, or worried about an existing condition. Shoes The most important piece of equipment you'll need is a quality pair of running shoes. You should gradually wear in new running shoes and change them every year or 500 miles. Factors to consider when choosing a running shoe: Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing ■ Foot shape - wide, normal or narrow ■ Mileage - distances run over a set period ■ Weight - larger runners may need more support Running Swimming ■ Terrain - road, trail, cross country or a mixture Running is one of the best types of exercise you can do for your heart, your body and to burn extra calories. It's also one of the cheapest activities - all you really need is a good pair of shoes and a place to run. Even though it isn't always easy starting a running programme it is possible for anyone, even a complete beginner, to be able to run distances with just a bit of planning and a little motivation. Why run? Regular running can help reduce the risk of chronic illnesses such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes and stroke. There is also evidence that it may help increase bone density in some people, which can help protect against osteoporosis. Running is a great way to get in shape and control your weight, as it burns more calories than any other mainstream exercise. It can also boost your mood and improve your self confidence when you start to be able to run longer distances. ■ Gender - ladies’ shoes have a different shape Cycling Most running shoe manufacturers produce several basic models of shoe. There are six main groups: 1. Motion Control - stable and rigid, aimed at heavy runners who overpronate. 2. Stability - stable with more flexibility and cushioning, aimed at mild over pronators. 3. Cushioned - the main feature is comfort and cushioning with less stability: aimed at neutral runners. 4. Race Shoe - minimal stability and cushioning, light and flexible for racing. Suits lightweight, neutral runner. 5. Cross country - tough, water resistant outer and large grips. Not suitable for road running. 6. Trail - a mixture of cross country and road shoe for multi-terrain use. Clothes What you wear when running comes down to comfort. A simple pair of shorts and a t-shirt will be fine. It can be a good idea to buy clothes that draw sweat away from the body such as Lycra. Reflective clothing when running at night is a good safety measure. f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Running continued Gardening Get set… Where and when? Think about when you’re going to run. The best way to ensure you stick with your running plan, is to plan running into your daily routine. Perhaps get up a little earlier and run first thing in the morning, or even in your lunch break. If you have young children to look after in the mornings, maybe you could plan your run when they’re at nursery. Decide where you'll run. If you're going outside, try to find roads made of dirt or asphalt rather than concrete, which is harder on the body. It can be a good idea to vary your route to keep it interesting. Planning your route first will mean that you can concentrate on your running rather than where you are going. There are many websites that can help you do this, such as MapMyRun. Have a plan It is important to have a plan, particularly if you’re a beginner or you’re returning to running after a long gap. You should gradually build up your fitness and stamina for example by including a mix of running and walking for set periods of time. Also have days of rest to reduce your chance of injury and help repair and strengthen your running muscles. Sites such as NHS Choices have some good plan suggestions to help get you started. Go! Warm up and cool down It’s essential to warm up properly before you start. Five to ten minutes of brisk walking or gentle jogging before you start will warm up your muscles and help prevent injury. To cool down, carry on running at an easier pace or walk for five to ten minutes. Stay safe ■ If you are running at dusk or during hours of dark wear reflective clothing so you can be seen by drivers or cyclists. ■ If you are running along a road run towards the traffic so you can see the cars before they get to you. ■ Stay alert and be aware of your surroundings. Keep the volume low if you are listening to music through ear-phones so you can hear cars or people approaching. ■ Avoid unpopular areas, deserted or quiet streets and poorly lit routes at night. Hydration Staying hydrated is critical to your running performance and for preventing heat-related illnesses. Dehydration may lead to fatigue, headaches, decreased coordination, and muscle cramping. Other heat-related illnesses, such as heat exhaustion and heatstroke, have even more serious consequences. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Keep on running It can be difficult to stay motivated to run on a regular basis. Here are a few tips on staying motivated: ■ Set yourself a goal. Setting realistic goals is important for staying focused and motivated. Training for a race, such as a 5K, or a charity run is a one way to keep going and focus on an end result. ■ Run with a friend. It can really help to have someone about the same level of ability as you to run with. You’ll encourage each other when your motivation is down. ■ Keep a diary of your runs. Note down each run, including your route, distance, time, weather conditions and how you felt. That way, whenever your motivation is flagging, you can look back and be encouraged by how much you’ve improved. ■ Keep it varied. Avoid boredom. Vary your distances and routes. Or try different sorts of running – road running, cross-country running, fell running (running in the hills), or even on a treadmill at the gym. ■ Join a club. A running club is the perfect way to commit to running regularly. Clubs are also a great way to find running partners to run with outside of club sessions. Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Step it up Gardening Interval training is more commonly adopted by runners and cyclists but can be adapted to suit many exercise forms. It’s great for beginners who can change the length of the individual workout sessions to suit their ability and then gradually increase them as they progress. Get fit your way When it comes to exercise many of us are at a loss as to how to achieve our goals or can’t help but think that we’re just not fit enough to even get started. That doesn’t have to be the case; there are many different yet simple training plans. Whether it’s to lose weight or simply to improve our health and feel more confident, you just need to find one to suit your needs. Below are a few types of training methods that are great for helping you to achieve your results and reach your goals. Improving cardiovascular fitness: Interval Training Interval training is a fantastic training method used by many athletes in various sports, but it is also useful for those new or returning to exercise. Interval training comprises periods of highintensity work mixed with periods of low intensity work. It is proven to be highly effective in improving cardiovascular (aerobic) fitness. Example Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 5 minutes warm up 2 minutes higher intensity workout 1 minute lower intensity workout Repeat steps 2 and 3 between 6 and 8 times 5 minutes cool down Improving muscular endurance: Circuit Training Circuit training has been around for years and is widely acknowledged as being one of the most effective training methods for improving cardiovascular fitness, strength and muscular endurance. Typically, a circuit will consist of a series of stations which target different parts of the body and different energy systems. You systematically work your way through the whole circuit, for example, spending a minute at each station before moving onto the next one. Rest periods can vary depending on your ability. There are many variations to a circuit and attending a class run by a qualified instructor will be the best way to experience it first hand. But, if you don’t feel ready for this, you can build your own circuit in your house. With the use of a chair and a step you can build a circuit made up of press-ups, squats, sit ups, step-ups, tricep-dips and star jumps. Improving strength: Resistance Training Resistance training, or ‘weight training’ as it is commonly called, involves lifting, pressing or pulling against a resistance in the aim of improving muscle strength and/or size. There are many types of resistance training methods out there, each with its own benefits depending on what your specific goal is and how often you train. Resistance training involves sets of repetitions. The number of repetitions is the number of times you lift the weight during each set. Burning fat, losing weight and staying healthy The most common reason people look to exercise is for weight loss and management. The most effective training method of exercise to lose weight is still up for debate. However it is safe to say that incorporating a mix of aerobic, resistance and flexibility activities into your weekly routine will help you improve your fitness and aid with weight loss. f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Fuel yourself Gardening Energise your diet Walking Leading an active lifestyle can be very rewarding in terms of health, but remember that a healthy diet is just as important. Eating the right diet can also have a big impact on the effects of any physical activity. In order to get the best out of an active lifestyle you must ensure that you are getting a healthy and balanced diet. If you often feel sluggish and lacking in energy then your diet may not be sufficiently fueling your body. Making small changes to your diet or your eating patterns can boost your metabolism and increase your energy levels. Here are just a few suggestions of changes you could make: ■ Include carbohydrates in your diet. Eat foods made of whole grains such as whole wheat bread and brown rice. Avoid sugary sources of carbohydrates which merely provide a temporary energy boost followed by a sharp decline. ■ Incorporate lean meats into your diet. Meats such as pork, beef, skinless chicken and turkey provide nutrients that can help you feel more alert. ■ Eat foods rich in fibre such as beans and whole fruits and vegetables. Fibre slows digestion and provides a steady supply of energy. ■ Eat nuts that provide magnesium such as cashews, almonds and hazelnuts. ■ Include foods that contain iron, such as red meat, green vegetables, whole grain breads, legumes and nuts. Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming ■ Eat breakfast every morning. Eat frequent meals to stabilise your blood sugar and energy levels. ■ Eat small meals and healthy snacks every three to four hours. Snacks such as peanut butter and whole grain crackers will boost blood sugar and energy. ■ Drink lots of water and unsweetened beverages to combat low energy levels. Drink at least six to eight glasses of liquid per day. Do not wait until you are thirsty to hydrate. Fresh fruits and vegetables also help hydrate the body. Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Fuel yourself Gardening Foods to make you feel great If you are looking for a quick energy boost, or an improvement in your overall health and wellbeing, increase your intake of these foods which can help you feel better than ever! ■ Blueberries. The ultimate immune-boosting food, blueberries are rich in antioxidants. ■ Broccoli. Guards against cancer and is rich in a wide range of antioxidants, vitamins C and E, folate and iron. ■ Melons such as cantaloupe, honeydew, and watermelon aren’t bursting with energising vitamins and minerals. As 90% of their weight is water, they fight fatigue by keeping you hydrated. ■ Carrots. High in carotenes, known to boost the immune system. ■ Lettuce and salad greens. Bitter varieties, such as chicory and endive, stimulate the liver, making them great detoxifiers. Most lettuces contain valuable amounts of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. ■ Beetroot. Bursting with minerals and has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immune boosting and detoxifying properties. ■ Brazil nuts. You only need to eat two or three a day to benefit from their great combination of immune boosting nutrients: vitamins E, B and selenium. ■ Grapefruit. Has immune-boosting, antiseptic, wound healing and anti-bacterial properties. ■ Garlic. Strengthens the heart and blood and has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral properties. Also thought to help lower blood pressure. A key ingredient is allicin, which has cancer-fighting potential. ■ Honey. A great natural source of carbohydrates which provides strength and energy to our bodies. It can also offer a boost to your immune and digestive systems. ■ Cranberries. Best known for helping to prevent and treat urinary tract infections, especially cystitis in women. They have both anti-fungal and antiviral properties. ■ Ginger. This stimulates the immune system and circulation. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Fuel yourself Gardening Symptoms of dehydration ■ Dry mouth ■ Sleepiness or fatigue ■ Extreme thirst ■ Headache ■ Confusion ■ Feeling dizzy or lightheaded Serious dehydration can lead to cramps, chills and confusion and even more severely disorientation and weakness, which can result from decreased blood flow to the brain and organs. Prevention Hydration Staying hydrated is important for general health and wellbeing, but staying hydrated during exercise is one of the most important things you can do for your body. Not only do you have more energy when you're hydrated, your performance improves and your workouts will feel better. If your body is short on fluids, your performance suffers, you get tired faster and, in some circumstances, you can end up with cramps or heat exhaustion. Walking Yoga Step it up Dancing The easiest way to avoid heat disorders such as dehydration is to keep your body hydrated. This means drinking fluids before, during and after exercise. General guidelines for keeping hydrated during exercise are as follows: ■ Drink about two glasses of water two hours before your workout ■ Sip water throughout your workout, about eight ounces (250 ml) every 15 minutes ■ Consider a sports drink if you're exercising for more than an hour or you're working out in extreme heat. A sports drink can help maintain energy levels and its salt will improve hydration. Be careful to select a sports drink not an energy drink ■ Continue to drink water after your workout to replace any fluids lost ■ If you're exercising for a long period of time, weigh yourself before and after your workout and drink two cups of water for every pound (450 grams) of fluid you've lost Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Did you know? Foods to make you feel great Your brain is approximately 75-85% water and that the slightest dehydration will affect your concentration and short term memory. Source: www.wateraid.org/uk Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Active children Gardening Active children Walking When most adults think about exercise, they imagine working out in the gym or lifting weights. But for children, exercise means playing and being physically active. Children exercise when they have a sports class at school, football practice, or gymnastics. They're also exercising when they're in the playground, riding bikes, or playing tag. Yoga Step it up Why should children exercise? Physical activity not only helps keep your children healthy but it also has psychological and social benefits too. Take a look at some of the reasons why your children should get active: ■ It can help them to have stronger muscles and bones ■ They will be less likely to become overweight ■ The risk of developing type 2 diabetes can be reduced ■ It can help to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol levels ■ It will help to give your children a better outlook on life ■ Physical and emotional challenges won’t seem as difficult ■ It can help your children to sleep better Suggested activities for you and your children For the family ■ Take a family walk. Even if this is just 20 or 30 minutes after dinner ■ Set your children tasks to earn their pocket money such as mowing the lawn, raking the leaves or sweeping the kitchen ■ Walk to and from school with your children. It’s a great way for your child to experience being outdoors and a chance for you to work out too ■ Rather than going out for the day why not buy a frisbee or a ball and make up your own games in the garden Dancing For the children ■ Games like hide and seek, tag, and hopscotch don’t cost anything and encourage children to run around ■ Get your children to organise a treasure hunt with some friends around the garden. They’ll be active while they’re setting the clues and finding the treasure ■ Encourage your children to try a few afterschool sporting activities. If they enjoy an activity, they’re much more likely to stick with it ■ Provide them with a box of equipment, such as balls, hula hoops, skipping ropes, tennis rackets, frisbees and roller skates. If you don’t have space in the garden take your children to a park with plenty of open space Swimming Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Set a challenge Children love a challenge. By setting them a task you can keep them focused and motivated while improving their overall health and wellbeing. Remember not to make things too hard and always keep it fun. Some challenge ideas include: ■ How many times can you throw and catch a ball between you without dropping it? ■ How many skips can you do in a minute? ■ How long can you balance on one leg? ■ How fast can you run 100 metres? Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Active children Activity for all ages A little activity can go a long way Active children Gardening Activity for all ages Walking The below table gives suggestions on how much activity children and young people should take part in. These activities are based around their age and stage of development. Yoga Suggested hours Light activity of activity per day Babies Toddlers Children under five 5 - 18 yrs 3 hours 3 hours 3 hours 1 hour Energetic activity 䊏 Picking up and moving toys will help improve their co-ordination and develop the muscles in their arms and hands 䊏 Reaching and grasping, pulling and pushing 䊏 Kicking their legs, and moving their head, body and limbs during daily routines, and during supervised floor play, including tummy time 䊏 Swimming 䊏 Crawling 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 Standing up Crawling Moving around Light playing Walking at a slow pace 䊏 Moving around 䊏 Walking at a slow pace 䊏 Less energetic play 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 䊏 Walking to school Playing in the playground Skateboarding Rollerblading Walking the dog Riding a bike on level ground or with few hills 䊏 Pushing a lawn mower Step it up Dancing Swimming Skipping Hopping Running Jumping Using a climbing frame Riding a bike or trike Playing in water or swimming Chasing games Ball games 䊏 Active play (such as hide and seek and stuck in the mud) 䊏 Fast walking 䊏 Riding a bike 䊏 Dancing 䊏 Swimming 䊏 Climbing 䊏 Skipping rope 䊏 Gymnastics 䊏 Ball games 䊏 Playing chase 䊏 Energetic dancing 䊏 Aerobics 䊏 Running 䊏 Gymnastics 䊏 Playing football 䊏 Martial arts such as karate 䊏 Riding a bike fast or on hills f f Get moving f Step it up f Fuel yourself f Active children Cycling Racket sports Running Get fit your way Fuel yourself Foods to make you feel great Hydration Active children Activity for all ages Sources and further information: ■ www.axappphealthcare.co.uk ■ www.nhs.uk/Livewell AXA PPP healthcare is a trading style of AXA ICAS Limited Registered Office: 5 Old Broad Street, London EC2N 1AD, United Kingdom. Registered in England No. 2548573 © AXA PPP healthcare 2012. All rights reserved. Information is accurate at the time of writing. PB44371/07.12
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