Carbohydrates
Foods I
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates

General Info:
Carbs are abundant and inexpensive
 ____ calories per gram???

 4!

Functions:
Main source of ENERGY!
 Fiber has many functions, such as:

 Aids
in digestion
 Lowers cholesterol
 Dilutes carcinogens (reducing risk of cancer)
Carbohydrates

3 Types of Carbohydrates:
1. Sugars .......... SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES
 2. Starches ....... COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
 3. Fiber ............. COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

Carbohydrates

Types of Carbohydrates

1. Sugars

AKA… SIMPLE CARBOHYDRATES!

Made up of

Monosaccharides (monoone, saccharidesugar)
 a. Glucose  sugar that regulates blood (energy)
 b. Fructose  sugar naturally found in fruits
 c. Galactose  sugar naturally found in dairy

Disaccharides (ditwo, saccharidesugars)
 a. Sucrose  table sugar
glucose + fructose = sucrose
 b. Lactose  milk sugar
glucose + galactose = lactose
 c. Maltose  malt sugar
glucose + glucose = maltose
Carbohydrates

Simple
Carbs:
Sugar
Carbohydrates
Do YOU Have
Low
BloodSugar
(Glucose)
Levels??
Carbohydrates

Types of Carbohydrates

2. Starches

AKA…COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES!

Made up of Polysaccharides


(polymany, saccharidesugars)
Most common type of carbohydrate in the diet

Food Sources:
 Grain products (bread, pasta, rice, cereal)
 Fruits (fleshy, not crispy)
 Peaches, bananas, dates, figs, plums
 Vegetables (mushy, not crispy)
Potatoes, beans, broccoli, tomatoes, corn
Carbohydrates

Types of Carbohydrates

3. Dietary Fiber
 AKA…
Also a COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES
 Cannot
be digested by our bodies
 Adds bulk to out diet

Helps push food along GI tract, preventing constipation
 Food



Sources:
Fruits (fleshy, not crispy)
Vegetables (mushy, not crispy)
Whole grain products (bread, cereal, pasta, rice)
Carbohydrates

Complex
Carbs:
Starch &
Fiber
Carbohydrates
Should make up 45-65% of daily diet
 Mostly come from plants


Not Enough???
 Body
will revert to using protein, which takes away
from protein’s job of helping us grow & repair

Too Much???
 Cavities,

empty calories, weight gain
THE END!!! So now for a real quick review…
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates :::REVIEW:::

1. What are the 3 types of carbohydrates?
Sugars
 Starches
 Fiber

 ………Which

of these 3 is most common in the diet?
2. How much of the daily diet should come
from carbohydrates?

45-65%
Carbohydrates :::REVIEW:::

3. What is the difference between a simple
carbohydrate and a complex carbohydrate?

Simple
 Sugars


Made up of one (mono) and two (di) units of sugar
Complex
 Starches


& Fiber
Made up of many (poly) units of sugar
4. How many calories are in 1 gram of carbs?

4 calories
Carbohydrates :::REVIEW:::

5. What might happen if you don’t eat enough
carbohydrates?




Tired
Constipated
Body uses protein (needed for growth/repair) instead,
leaving you short and sickly?!!!
6. Give me a good reason to eat more fiber…





Aid digestion
Prevent constipation
Reduce risk of cancer
Lower cholesterol
More energy
Carbohydrates :::REVIEW:::

7. List and describe the 3 monosaccharides.
a. Glucose  sugar that regulates blood (energy)
 b. Fructose  sugar naturally found in fruits
 c. Galactose  sugar naturally found in dairy


8. List and describe the 3 disaccharides.
a. Sucrose  table sugar
 b. Lactose  milk sugar
 c. Maltose  malt sugar

Carbohydrates :::REVIEW:::

9. What does the prefix –ose mean?


SUGAR
10. What is the biggest reason we eat
carbohydrates (from a nutritional standpoint?)

ENERGY!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2d_wxJageqw&feature
=related

http://video.msn.com/video.aspx?mkt=enUS&vid=dc425911-a4f4-497f-b405-f8e49bb3593a