Nevada’s Hispanic Population: 2010 A Supplement to the 2010 Census Brief: The Hispanic Population: 2010 C2010BR‐04 By the Nevada State Demographer’s Office http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br‐04.pdf Issued: December 1, 2014 Rachel Flanigan Jeff Hardcastle, AICP Chart 1: Distribution of Detailed Origin Groups of
Nevada’s Hispanic Population by Origin Region, 2010
Mexico
Mexico
16%
1%
Central America
Central America
1%
Caribbean
2%
Caribbean
South America
6%
South America
Spain
7%
67%
Spain
Asia
Asia
Not Specified
Not Specified
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2, PCT 1 & 43. About this report After the 2010 Census, the Census Bureau issued a number of reports, 2010 Census Briefs, that discuss in detail national findings about various topics, how the data on the topics was gathered, and the use of the data at the national level. This report serves as a Nevada supplement to the Census Brief on this topic. It presents information specific to Nevada, its counties and communities where appropriate. The reader is encouraged to look at the Census Brief on this topic, for the methodology used to gather this data, and detailed definitions of key concepts. In the 2010 Census, residents self‐identifying as Hispanic made up 26.5% of the total population of Nevada. The Census classifies Hispanic origin as an ethnicity based on family lineage. Ethnicity is considered here as a separate concept from race. Hispanics may be of any race. In Nevada, a share of the Hispanic population self‐identified with each Census racial category. The 2010 Census asked respondents if they were of “Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin,” without making a distinction between these terms (Ennis, 2011). U.S. Census publications use the term “Hispanic” to refer to this population; so it is used in this report. The Census form includes these and other examples to provide guidance to the respondent for answering the ethnicity question. There is a blank so that the origin group can be specified if it is not one of the major groups. Detailed information about a person’s cultural heritage is available through this question. It important to note this question is about cultural identity and not place of birth. This report details Nevada’s Hispanic population by family origin group. The absolute increase in population count from Census 2000 to Census 2010, growth rate, and proportional share of the Hispanic population is reported for origin groups with at least 100 members. Then counts of the overall Hispanic population are reported by county. Population share, absolute growth, and percentage increase, of the overall population is reported for each county, and compared to national and regional averages. Finally, the Hispanic population is detailed by race in each county. Sponsored by: The Nevada Department
of Taxation, in Cooperation with the
Nevada Small Business Development Center
Nevada
Department of
Taxation
Detailed Origin Group Populations Each Census respondent is asked to self‐identify with race and ethnicity categories. An individual may identify with as many groups as are applicable to his or her personal history. Most U.S. Hispanics self‐identify family origins in Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, or South America (Ennis, 2011). Some identify with origin regions in Spain and Asia. Chart 1 shows the proportion of Nevada’s Hispanic population with origins in each global region. Chart 2 shows the proportion of the population that identified with each of the origin groups comprising at least 1% of the total Hispanic population. In Census 2010, Mexicans were by far the most prevalent Hispanic origin group in Nevada. The 540,978 individuals identifying as Mexican, comprised 67% of Nevada’s Hispanic population. Nationally, Mexicans were 63% of the U.S. Hispanic population (Ennis, 2011). In Nevada, the five most prevalent origin groups were: Mexicans (67%), Salvadorans (4%), Cubans (3%), Puerto Ricans (2%), and Guatemalans (2%). Table 1 shows 2010 population counts for each Hispanic origin group with at least 100 members counted in Nevada. Table 2 shows the count in 2000 and the change from 2000 to 2010 for detailed origin groups. The distribution of origin groups varies by region. Nevada is part of the West census region, which includes Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The Hispanic population in Nevada, reported greater diversity in origin populations than the average for the region. In the West census region the five most prevalent origin groups were: Mexicans (80%), Salvadorans (3.2%), Guatemalans (1.9%), Puerto Ricans (1.8%), and Cubans (0.7%) (Ennis, 2011). Nationally, the five most prevalent origin groups were: Mexicans (63%), Puerto Ricans (9.2%), Cubans (3.5%), Salvadorans (3.3%), and Dominicans (2.8%) (Ennis, 2011). Other origin groups with populations comprising more than 1% of the Hispanic population in Nevada were: Salvadorans (30,043 people), Cubans (21,459 people), Puerto Ricans (20,664 people), and Guatemalans (13,407 people). The origin groups each comprising 1% of the Nevada Hispanic population were Colombians, Filipinos, Hondurans, Nicaraguans, Peruvians, and Spaniards. The Filipino Hispanic group (5,710 people), refers to individuals who identified as Filipino only for origin group, and Hispanic for ethnicity, in the 2010 Census. Chart 2: Distribution of Detailed Family Origin Groups for
Nevada’s Hispanic Population, 2010.
Mexican
2%
3%
Mexican
Other
2% 1%
Other
Salvadoran
Salvadoran
Cuban
4%
Cuban
Puerto Rican
Puerto
Rican
Guatemalan
Guatemalan
Spaniard
18%
Spaniard
Filipino
67%
Filipino
Colombian
Colombian
Peruvian
Peruvian
Honduran
Honduran
Nicaraguan
The Other category, comprising 18% of Nevada’s Hispanic population, includes 133,400 people who identified as “Other” for origin group, or did not identify an origin group. The Other group also includes 14,523 people who identified origin groups comprising less than 1% of Nevada’s Hispanic population. The data used to report populations of origin groups is from Census Summary File 2 (SF2). To protect the confidentiality of individuals, SF2 does not report counts for populations with fewer than 100 people in a geographic area. The origin groups comprised of more than 100 people that accounted for less than 1% of Nevada’s Hispanic population were: Argentineans, Bolivians, Chileans, Costa Ricans, Dominicans, Ecuadorians, Panamanians, Paraguayans, Uruguayans, and Venezuelans. Nicaraguan
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1 & PCT 43. Growth of Origin Group Populations
The growth of different origin group populations varied widely from 2000 to 2010. In Nevada, the Mexican population had the largest growth in absolute population count with an increase of 255,214 people. The Hispanic origin populations with the next largest absolute increases were Salvadorans (20,657 people), Puerto Ricans (10,244 people), Cubans (9,961 people), and Spaniards (9,430 people). The top four populations with the greatest absolute increase in population size were also the four largest origin group populations in the state. Nationally, Mexicans were also the origin group population with the largest absolute increase in population, followed by Puerto Ricans and Cubans (Ennis, 2011). Chart 3 shows the 2000 and 2010 population counts of Nevada’s ten most prevalent Hispanic origin groups. While the largest origin group populations had the largest absolute increases, they had lower rates of increase than many of the smaller origin group populations. In Nevada, the Mexican origin group population increased by 89%. This was the second lowest rate of increase for an origin group population in the state. Nationally and in the West, the Mexican origin group population increased at much lower rates. This population increased by 52% in the West, and 54% nationally (Ennis, 2011). The Salvadoran population increased by 220% in Nevada, 40% in the West, and 152% in the US. The Puerto Rican population increased by 98% in Nevada, 8% in the West, and 36% in the US. The Cuban population increased by 87% in Nevada, 8% in the West, and 44% in the US (Ennis, 2011). Some smaller origin groups had high population growth rates from 2000 to 2010. Nationally, the Spaniard population had the highest growth rate of 534.4%, followed by Uruguayans 202.5%, Hondurans 191.1%, Guatemalans 180.3%, and Salvadorans 151.7% (Ennis, 2011). Table1:CountsofNevada'sHispanicPopulation
DetailedOriginGroups,2010
Clark Washoe Other
Stateof
OriginGroup County County Counties Nevada
Mexican
423,798
73,651
43,529
540,978
Other/Not
Speci ied
106,551
17,780
9,069
133,400
Salvadoran
24,542
4,660
841
30,043
Cuban
20,569
547
343
21,459
PuertoRican
17,726
1,746
1,192
20,664
Guatemalan
10,460
2,621
326
13,407
Spaniard
7,856
1,713
1,411
10,980
Filipino
5,010
587
113
5,710
Colombian
4,570
460
200
5,230
Peruvian
3,799
Honduran
3,999
328
154
4,481
Nicaraguan
3,587
404
484
4,475
Argentinean
3,122
210
87
3,419
Dominican
2,306 Ecuadorian
1,873
127
45
2,045
Chilean
1,376
236
71
1,683
Panamanian
1,434
135
46
1,615
CostaRican
1,027
308
98
1,433
1
4,581
2
2,446
Venezuelan
790 Bolivian
348
Uruguayan
370 407
Paraguayan
109 116
109
878
24
481
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1 & PCT 43. 1 Blank entries in Table 1 indicate that no population count was reported for this area by the 2010 Census. These groups have a population count of less than 100 people in the geographic area. To protect the confidentiality of individuals, the Census does not report counts for populations with fewer than 100 people. 2 In cases where populations of fewer than 100 people are reported for the combined counties other than Clark and Washoe, these populations were imputed by subtracting the reported populations of Clark and Washoe Counties from the total reported state population. Nationally, the only origin groups to show a decrease in population were the Other Central American, Other South American, and All Other Hispanic or Latino groups (Ennis, 2011). These decreases may be due in part to census respondents identifying more specific origin groups in 2010 than in 2000. All specific detailed Hispanic origin groups had increasing populations over the decade, both nationally and in Nevada. The Spaniard population was also the origin group with the highest population growth rate in Nevada, where the population increased by 608%, or 9,430 people, from 2000 to 2010. The origin groups with the next highest growth rates in Nevada were Bolivians 291% (358 people), Venezuelans 260% (634 people), Hondurans 241% (3,165 people), and Guatemalans 227% (9,301 people). Other origin groups with population growth rates of over 100% in the decade were Salvadorans, Filipinos, Colombians, Peruvians, Nicaraguans, Argentineans, Dominicans, Ecuadorians, Chileans, Panamanians, and Costa Ricans. When comparing the growth of detailed populations within the state, it is important to consider both the growth rates and the relative sizes of the populations. In 2010, Nevadan’s identifying Mexican origins outnumbered Nevadan’s identifying Spanish origins by a ratio of about 49 to 1. In 2020, the Mexican origin group population would still outnumber the Spaniard origin group population by a ratio of about 13 to 1 if these populations maintained their growth rates from the previous decade. This indicates that while the composition of the Hispanic population is changing to become proportionally more diverse, it is likely that the Mexican origin group will continue to comprise the largest share of the Hispanic population in Nevada. 600,000
500,000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
Count of Nevada Population
Chart 3: Counts of Nevada’s Ten Largest Hispanic Origin Group Populations, 2000 and 2010
35,000
30,000
25,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2000
2010
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1 & PCT 43. U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000, Summary File 2 (SF2) 100‐Percent Data, PCT 1 & PCT 33. Table2:IncreasesinNevada’sHispanicPopulationOriginGroups,2000to2010
CountsofHispanicPopulationOriginGroups,2000
Clark
County
Washoe
County
Absolute
Stateof Increase
2000to
Nevada
2010
Other
Counties
OriginGroup
216,397
42,038
Other/Not
Speci ied
65,939
12,924
Salvadoran
7,126
Mexican
Increase
PercentChange
2000to2010
27,329
285,764
255,214
89.31%
7,425
86,288
47,112
54.60%
1,989
271
9,386
20,657
220.08%
10,959
327
212
11,498
9,961
86.63%
PuertoRican
8,848
1,012
560
10,420
10,244
98.31%
Guatemalan
3,042
966
298
4,106
9,301
226.52%
954
266
330
1,550
9,430
608.39%
Filipino
2,180
520
73
2,773
2,937
105.91%
Colombian
1,558
171
92
1,821
3,409
187.20%
Peruvian
1,131
188
96
1,415
3,166
223.75%
Honduran
1,109
121
86
1,316
3,165
240.50%
Nicaraguan
1,191
123
269
1,583
2,892
182.69%
Argentinean
1,257
1,350
2,069
153.26%
Cuban
Spaniard
1
Dominican
808 869
1,577
181.47%
Ecuadorian
568 626
1,419
226.68%
Chilean
569 697
986
141.46%
Panamanian
594 669
946
141.41%
CostaRican
464
667
766
114.84%
Venezuelan
218 244
634
259.84%
123
358
291.06%
155
48
Bolivian
Uruguayan
407 Paraguayan
116 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 2 (SF 2) 100‐Percent Data, PCT 1 and PCT 33. 1 Blank entries in Table 2 indicate that no population count was reported for this area by the 2000 Census. These groups had a population count of less than 100 people in the geographic area. To protect the confidentiality of individuals, the Census does not report counts for populations with fewer than 100 people. 2 In cases where populations of fewer than 100 people are reported for the combined counties other than Clark and Washoe, these populations were imputed by subtracting the reported populations of Clark and Washoe Counties from the total reported state population. Hispanic Population Distribution Chart 4: Hispanic PopulaƟon as a Percentage of Total
County PopulaƟon, 2010
In 2010 the total Nevada Hispanic population, including all origin groups, was 26.5% of the population of Nevada. This was an increase from 2000, when the Hispanic population was 19.7% of the population of Nevada. In 2010 Hispanics were 16.3% of the U.S. population and 28.6% of the West Census region population (Ennis, 2011). In 2010 40.8% of the U.S. Hispanic population was located in the West Census region. The proportion of Hispanics in Nevada was higher than the national average, but lower than the Western states average. Chart 4 and Table 3 detail the overall Hispanic population of each Nevada county as a percentage of the total county population. In Census 2010, Hispanic population proportions ranged from 5.7% in Storey County, to 29.1% in Clark County. Clark County was the only county where the percentage of Hispanics exceeded the average for the State. Humboldt County had the second highest share of Hispanics at 24.4% of the county population. Elko County had the third highest share at 22.9% of the county population. At 22.2%, Washoe County had the 5th highest concentration of Hispanics in Nevada counties. Storey, Lincoln, and Mineral Counties, were the Nevada counties with the lowest shares of Hispanics as a percentage of total county population. In Lincoln County, Hispanics comprised 6.2% of the population. In Mineral County, Hispanics were 9.1% of the population. Churchill, Douglas, Esmeralda, Eureka, Lincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Storey, and White Pine Counties all had Hispanic population shares below the national average of 16.3%. Percent of County Popula on 24 % ‐ 30 % 18 % ‐ 23.9 % 12 % ‐ 17.9 % 6 % ‐ 11.9 % 0 % ‐ 5.9% Chart 5: Percent Change in the Hispanic PopulaƟon,
2000 to 2010
Growth of the Hispanic Population From 2000 to 2010, growth in the Hispanic population accounted for over 50% of total U.S. population growth (Ennis, 2011). During this time the Hispanic population increased in each Nevada county. While some growth in the Hispanic population is explained by immigration, it is not the whole story. Higher fertility rates, and a younger average population than other ethnic groups, both lead to a higher than average growth rate in this population. Percent Change 96 % ‐ 120 % 72 % ‐ 95.9 % 48 % ‐ 71.9 % 24 % ‐ 47.9 % 0 % ‐ 23.9% Source:U.S.CensusBureau,2010Census,SummaryFile2
(SF2),PCT1.
Over the decade from Census 2000 to Census 2010, the Hispanic population in Nevada increased by 81.9%, while the total population of Nevada increased by 12.5%. Nationally, the Hispanic population increased by 43%, while the total U.S. population increased by 10% (Ennis, 2011). The Hispanic population in the West Census region increased by 34.3%, while the total population of the region increased by 13.8%. Nevada’s Hispanic population grew at a faster rate than both the national average and the average for the West Census region. Chart 5 and Table 4 detail the growth rates of the Hispanic population in each Nevada county from 2000 to 2010. Growth rates range from 1.9% in Mineral County to 119.9% in Nye County. Lyon County had the second highest percent increase in population of 102.8%, followed by Clark County with an increase of 88.2%. Mineral, Lander, and Esmeralda Counties had the lowest Hispanic population growth rates. The population of Hispanics increased by 13.6% in Lander County, and 21% in Esmeralda County. Over the decade, every county’s Hispanic population increased at a higher rate than the total population of the county. Table3:Nevada'sHispanicPopulationbyCounty,2000and2010
2000
County
2010
HispanicorLatino
HispanicorLatino
Total
Total
County
County County
County Percentof
Percentof
Population Population TotalCounty Population Population TotalCounty
Count
Count
Count
Population
Count
Population
CarsonCity
52,457
7,466
14.2%
55,274
11,777
21.3%
Churchill
23,982
2,076
8.7%
24,877
3,009
12.1%
1,375,765
302,143
22.0%
1,951,269
568,644
29.1%
Douglas
41,259
3,057
7.4%
46,997
5,103
10.9%
Elko
45,291
8,935
19.7%
48,818
11,158
22.9%
971
99
10.2%
783
120
15.3%
1,651
158
9.6%
1,987
238
12.0%
16,106
3,040
18.9%
16,528
4,038
24.4%
Lander
5,794
1,073
18.5%
5,775
1,219
21.1%
Lincoln
4,165
221
5.3%
5,345
332
6.2%
34,501
3,784
11.0%
51,980
7,674
14.8%
5,071
428
8.4%
4,772
436
9.1%
32,485
2,713
8.4%
43,946
5,967
13.6%
Pershing
6,693
1,294
19.3%
6,753
1,508
22.3%
Storey
3,399
174
5.1%
4,010
228
5.7%
339,486
56,301
16.6%
421,407
93,724
22.2%
9,181
1,008
11.0%
10,030
1,326
13.2%
1,998,257
393,970
19.7%
2,700,551
716,501
26.5%
Clark
Esmeralda
Eureka
Humboldt
Lyon
Mineral
Nye
Washoe
WhitePine
Nevada
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1. While Nye County had the highest Hispanic growth rate, Clark County had the greatest absolute population increase of 266,501 people. Washoe County had the second largest increase of 37,423 people, followed by Carson City with an increase of 4,311 people. The Counties with the lowest absolute increases were Mineral with 8 people, Esmeralda with 21 people, and Storey with 54 people. Table 4 shows the absolute increases for both the Hispanic population and total population in each Nevada county from 2000 to 2010. Racial Group Populations Census 2010 treats race and ethnicity as separate concepts. Respondents were first asked to self‐identify with one or more races and then indicate Hispanic or Non‐Hispanic ethnicity. Table 4 reports Census 2010 counts of the Hispanic population by race in each Nevada county. The population counts in Table 4 are from Census Summary File 2 (SF2). To protect the confidentiality of individuals, SF2 does not report counts for populations with fewer than 100 people in a geographic area. Populations that do not have reported counts are left blank in Table 4. In Clark and Washoe Counties, a share of the Hispanic population identified with each of the seven main Census racial categories. Table4:PopulationChangeinNevada’sHispanicPopulationbyCounty,2000to2010
County
CarsonCity
TotalCountyPopulation
Absolute
Difference
HispanicorLatino
Percent
Change
Absolute
Difference
Percent
Change
2,817
5.4%
4,311
57.7%
895
3.7%
933
44.9%
575,504
41.8%
266,501
88.2%
Douglas
5,738
13.9%
2,046
66.9%
Elko
3,527
7.8%
2,223
24.9%
‐188
‐19.4%
21
21.2%
Eureka
336
20.4%
80
50.6%
Humboldt
422
2.6%
998
32.8%
Lander
‐19
‐0.3%
146
13.6%
Lincoln
1,180
28.3%
111
50.2%
17,479
50.7%
3,890
102.8%
‐299
‐5.9%
8
1.9%
11,461
35.3%
3,254
119.9%
60
0.9%
214
16.5%
611
18.0%
54
31.0%
81,921
24.1%
37,423
66.5%
849
9.2%
318
31.5%
702,294
35.1%
322,531
81.9%
Churchill
Clark
Esmeralda
Lyon
Mineral
Nye
Pershing
Storey
Washoe
WhitePine
Nevada
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1. In Nevada, the most common racial identifications by Hispanics were White or Some Other Race. 45.3% of the Hispanic population identified as White alone; 44.7% identified as Some Other Race only. Many Census respondents wrote in “Latino” or a Hispanic origin group as their preferred racial identification. These responses were classified by the Census in the Some Other Race alone category (Ennis, 2011). 6.6% of Nevada’s Hispanic population identified with two or more races. The racial categories Black or African American alone, American Indian and Alaska Native alone, Asian alone, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander alone, each made up less than 2% of Nevada’s Hispanic population. Table5:Nevada'sHispanicPopulationCountsbyRaceandCounty,2010
OneRace
County
CarsonCity
Churchill
Clark
Douglas
Elko
Total
Hispanicor
Latino
Population
White
American
Indian
Blackor
and
African
Alaska
American
Native
Asian
Native
Hawaiian
and
Other
Paci ic
Twoor
More
Races
Some
Other
Race
11,777
5,724 210 5,138
602
3,009
1,377 138 1,158
265
258,787
37,588
568,644
252,157
9,558
5,690
3,710
1,154
5,103
3,036 137 1,442
429
11,158
5,042 308 4,990
754
Esmeralda
120 Eureka
238
113 Humboldt
4,038
1,658 Lander
1,219
594 496 Lincoln
332
173 116 7,674
3,530 225 436
191 Nye
5,967
3,092 111 Pershing
1,508
923 228
161 Lyon
Mineral
Storey
Washoe
WhitePine
Nevada
93,724
1,326
716,501
45,857
726
923 324,607
1,427
10,568
502
8,526
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1. 100 2,083
211
3,241
594
2,220
449
451 184
4,389
39,365
5,663
273 1,415
320,053
46,943
Chart 6: Nevada's Hispanic Population by Race, 2010
6.6%
Some Other Race
Two or More Races
White
45.3%
44.7%
Black or African American
American Indian and Alaska Native
Asian
Native Hawaiian and
Other Pacific Islander
0.6%
1.5%
1.2%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Summary File 2 (SF2), PCT 1. Nationally, more Hispanics identified as White Alone than with any other race. Out of all U.S. Hispanics 49.4% identified as White alone, 35.3% as Some Other Race, and 9.3% as multi‐racial. However, racial identification varied widely by origin group as examined by the Census Bureau in a special tabulation (Ennis, 2011). Self‐identification as White alone, ranged by group, from 85.4% of Cubans to 29.6% of Dominicans. Self‐identification as Some Other Race alone, ranged by group, from 50.5% of Salvadorans to 5.8% of Cubans. For the largest Hispanic groups in Nevada, racial identifications reported for the national populations were: Mexicans, 52.3% identifying as White alone, 39.5% as Some Other Race, and 5% as multi‐racial; Salvadorans, 40.2% identifying as White only, 50.5% as Some Other Race, and 6.9% as multi‐racial. We would expect the same patterns of racial identification in Nevada as found nationally. In summary, the Hispanic population in Nevada is increasing at a greater rate than the total state population, the total U.S. population, and the total U.S. Hispanic Population. This is a diverse population encompassing many origin and racial groups. While Mexicans are the most prevalent Hispanic origin group in Nevada, six other origin groups comprise at least 1% of the State population, and a total of 21 Hispanic origin group populations were identified in the State. More information about Hispanic population trends in the U.S. is available from the U.S. Census Bureau at http://factfinder2.census.gov. The Census reports information about topics not reported here; such as family size and composition, population age and sex composition, and employment data through the American Community Survey. For reports on other segments of Nevada’s population please see our website at www.nvdemography.org. Reference: Ennis, S. R., Rios‐Vargas, M., Albert, N. G. (
). The Hispanic Population: . Census Briefs, C
BR‐ . http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br‐04.pdf