XRF Bibliography
updated March 2017
GENERAL and METHODS
Beckhoff, Burkhard, Birgit Kanngießer, Norbert Langhoff, Reiner Wedell, and Helmut Wolff
(editors).
2006 Handbook of Practical X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis. Springer, Berlin.
Frahm, Ellery, and Roger C.P Doonan
2013 The Technological versus Methodological Revolution of Portable XRF in
Archaeology. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(2): 1425–1434.
Joyce, Rosemary A.
2011 Is There a Future for XRF in Twenty-First Century Archaeology? In X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven Shackley,
pp. 193–202. Springer New York, New York, NY.
Liritzis, Ioannis, and Nikolaos Zacharias
2011 Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and
Limitations. In X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by
M. Steven Shackley, pp. 109–142. Springer New York, New York, NY.
Markowicz, Andrzej W.
2008 Quantification and Correction Procedures. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, pp. 13–38. Royal Society of Chemistry,
Cambridge.
Pillay, A. E.
2001 Analysis of Archaeological Artefacts: PIXE, XRF or ICP-MS? Journal of
Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 247(3): 593–595.
Potts, Philip J.
2008 Introduction, Analytical Instrumentation and Application Overview. In Portable XRay Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, edited by Philip J.
Potts and Margaret West, pp. 1–12. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
Potts, Philip J., and Margaret West (editors).
2008 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis. The
Royal Society of Chemistry.
Shackley, M. Steven
2011a An Introduction to X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Analysis in Archaeology. In X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven Shackley,
pp. 7–44. Springer New York, New York, NY.
2011b X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry in Twenty-First Century Archaeology. In XRay Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven
Shackley, pp. 1–6. Springer New York, New York, NY.
Shugar, Aaron N., and Jennifer L. Mass (editors).
2012 Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology. Studies in Archaeological Sciences.
Leuven University Press, Leuven.
CERAMICS AND SEDIMENTS
Aimers, Jim J., Dori J. Farthing, and Aaron N. Shugar
2012 Handheld XRF Analysis of Maya Ceramics: A Pilot Study Presenting Issues
Related to Quantification and Calibration. In Handheld XRF in Art and Archaeology,
edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 423–448. Studies in Archaeological
Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
Bezur, Anikó, and Francesca Casadio
2012 The Analysis of Porcelain Using Handheld and Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometers. In Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology, edited by A. Shugar and
Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 249–312. Studies in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University
Press, Leuven.
Camilla, Cinzia Casieri Terenzi, Anna Candida Felici, Maria Piacentini, Margherita Vendittelli,
and Francesco De Luca
2010 Characterization of Elemental And Firing-Dependent Properties Of Phlegrean
Ceramics By Non-Destructive ED-XRF and NMR techniques. Journal of Archaeological
Science 37(2010): 1403–1412.
Cranford, David
2013 Native-made Glazed Ceramics in The Southeast? An Analysis of Catawba Pottery
and a Glazed Sherd Using Portable X-ray Fluorescence (pXRF). Paper presented at the
Southeastern Archaeological Conference.
Davey, Peter, Michael Hughes, and Christine Longworth
2015 Portable X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of 18th-Century Black-Glazed Pottery.
Medieval Ceramics 39: 31–39.
De Vleeschouwer, François, Virginie Renson, Philippe Claeys, Karin Nys, and Richard Bindler
2011 Quantitative WD-XRF Calibration for Small Ceramic Samples and Their Source
Material. Geoarchaeology 26(3): 440–450.
Forster, Nicola, and Peter Grave
2013 Effects of Elevated Levels of Lead in Ceramics on Provenancing Studies Using
Non-Destructive PXRF: A Case Study in Byzantine Cypriot Glazed Ceramics. X-Ray
Spectrometry 42(6): 480–486.
Forster, Nicola, Peter Grave, Nancy Vickery, and Lisa Kealhofer
2011 Non-Destructive Analysis Using PXRF: Methodology and Application to
Archaeological Ceramics. X-Ray Spectrometry 40(5): 389–398.
Bloch 2
Freeland, Travis A. C.
2013 Beyond Sourcing: Portable X-ray Fluorescence and Archaeological Ceramics.
Unpublished MA Thesis, Simon Fraser, Burnaby, British Columbia.
Golitko, Mark
2011 Provenience Investigations of Ceramic and Obsidian Samples Using Laser
Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Portable X- Ray
Fluorescence. Fieldiana Anthropology 42: 251–287.
Hein, A., A. Tsolakidou, I. Iliopoulous, H. Mommsen, J. Buxeda i. Garrigós, G. Montana, and V.
Kilikoglou
2002 Standardisation of Elemental Analytical Techniques Applied to Provenance Studies
of Archaeological Ceramics: an Inter Laboratory Calibration Study. Analyst 127: 542–
553.
Hunt, Alice M.W., Douglas Dvoracek, M. Steven Shackley, and Robert J. Speakman
2015 Major, Minor and Trace Element Mass Fractions Determined Using ED-XRF,
WD-XRF and INAA for Three Fireclay Reference Materials: cˇ.137; cˇ.138; and cˇ.139.
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 303(1): 977–978.
2014 Major, Minor and Trace Element Mass Fractions Determined Using ED-XRF,
WD-XRF And INAA For Five Certified Clay Reference Materials: NCS DC 60102–
60105; NCS DC 61101 (GBW 03101A, 03102A, 03103, and 03115). Journal of
Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 302: 500–515.
Hunt, Alice M.W., and Robert J. Speakman
2015 Portable XRF Analysis of Archaeological Sediments and Ceramics. Journal of
Archaeological Science 53: 626–638.
McLaren, Timothy I., Christopher N. Guppy, and Matthew K. Tighe
2012 Rapid, Nondestructive Total Elemental Analysis of Vertisol Soils using Portable
X-ray Fluorescence. Soil Science Society of America Journal 76: 1436–1445.
Neff, Hector, Barbara Voorhies, and Federico Paredes Umaña
2012 Handheld XRF Elemental Analysis of Archaeological Sediments: Some Examples
from Mesoamerica. In Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology, edited by Aaron N.
Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 379–400. Studies in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven
University Press, Leuven.
Padilla, R., P. Van Espen, and P.P. Godo Torres
2006 The Suitability of XRF Analysis for Compositional Classification of
Archaeological Ceramic Fabric: A Comparison with a Previous NAA Study. Analytica
Chimica Acta 558(1–2): 283–289.
Papadopoulou, D. N., G. A. Zachariadis, A. N. Anthemidis, N. C. Tsirliganis, and J. A. Stratis
Bloch 3
2006 Development and Optimisation of a Portable Micro-XRF Method for in situ MultiElement Analysis of Ancient Ceramics. Talanta 68: 1692–1699.
Papadopoulou, D. N., G. A. Zachariadis, A. N. Anthemidis, N. C. Tsirliganis, and J. A. Stratis
2004 Comparison of a Portable Micro-X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry with
Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry for the Ancient Ceramics
Analysis. Spectrochimica Acta Part B 59: 1877–1884.
Papageorgiou, Ioulia, and Ioannis Liritzis
2007 Multivariate Mixture of Normals with Unknown Number of Components: An
Application to Cluster Neolithic Ceramics from Aegean and Asia Minor Using Portable
XRF. Archaeometry 49(4): 795–813.
Rowe, Harry, Niki Hughes, and Krystin Robinson
2012 The Quantification and Application of Handheld Energy-Dispersive X-Ray
Fluorescence (ED-XRF) in Mudrock Chemostratigraphy and Geochemistry. Chemical
Geology 324–325(24 September 2012): 122–131.
Speakman, Robert J., Nicole C. Little, Darrell Creel, Myles R. Miller, and Javier G. Iñañez
2011 Sourcing Ceramics with Portable XRF Spectrometers? A Comparison with INAA
using Mimbres pottery from the American Southwest. Journal of Archaeological Science
38(12): 3483–3496.
Terenzi, Camilla, Cinzia Casieri, Anna Candida Felici, Mario Piacentini, Margherita Vendittelli,
and Francesca De Luca
2010 Characterization of Elemental and Firing-Dependent Properties of Phlegrean
Ceramics by Non-Destructive ED-XRF and NMR Techniques. Journal of Archaeological
Science 37: 1403–1412.
Tsolakidou, Alexandra, and Vassilis Kilikoglou
2002 Comparative Analysis of Ancient Ceramics by Neutron Activation Analysis,
Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical-Emission Spectrometry, Inductively coupled
Plasma–Mass Spectrometry, and X-ray Fluorescence. Analytical and Bioanalytical
Chemistry 374: 566–572.
Wilke, Detlef
2016 Pb Correction Algorithms for Non-destructive Provenancing of Lead and Tin
Glazed Slip Wares. Universal Journal of Materials Science 4(6): 125–132.
OBSIDIAN AND LITHIC MATERIAL
Colby, Phillips S., and Robert J Speakman
2009 Initial Source Evaluation of Archaeological Obsidian from the Kuril Islands of the
Russian Far East Using Portable-XRF. Journal of Archaeological Science 36(6): 1256–
1253.
Craig, Nathan, Robert J. Speakman, Rachel S. Popelka-Filcoff, Michael D. Glascock, J. David
Robertson, M. Steven Shackley, and Mark S. Aldenderfer
Bloch 4
2007 Comparison of XRF and PXRF for Analysis Of Archaeological Obsidian From
Southern Perú. Journal of Archaeological Science 34(12): 2012–2024.
Davis, M. Kathleen, Thomas L. Jackson, M. Steven Shackley, Timothy Teague, and Joachim H.
Hampel
2011 Factors Affecting the Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) Analysis
of Archaeological Obsidian. In X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in
Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven Shackley,
pp. 45–63. Springer New York, New
York, NY.
De Francesco, Annamaria, M. Bocci, and G. M. Crisci
2011 Non-destructive Applications of Wavelength XRF in Obsidian Studies. In X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven Shackley, pp.
81–107. Springer New York, New York, NY.
Ferguson, Jeffrey R.
2012 X-Ray Fluorescence of Obsidian: Approaches to Calibration and the Analysis of
Small Samples. In Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar
and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 401–422. Studies in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven
University Press, Leuven.
Frahm, Ellery
2013a Is Obsidian Sourcing about Geochemistry or Archaeology? A Reply to Speakman
and Shackley. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(2): 1444–1448.
2013b Validity of “off-the-shelf” Handheld Portable XRF for Sourcing Near Eastern
Obsidian Chip Debris. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(2): 1080–1092.
Glascock, Michael D.
2011 Comparison and Contrast between XRF and NAA: Used for Characterization Of
Obsidian Sources in Central Mexico. In X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in
Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven Shackley, pp. 161–192. Springer New York, New
York, NY.
Glascock, Michael D., and Jeffrey R. Ferguson
2012 Report on the Analysis of Obsidian Source Samples by Multiple Analytical
Methods. University of Missouri Research Reactor Center, Archaeometry Laboratory.
Golitko, Mark
2011 Provenience Investigations of Ceramic and Obsidian Samples Using Laser
Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Portable X- Ray
Fluorescence. Fieldiana Anthropology 42: 251–287.
Goodale, Nathan, David G. Bailey, George T. Jones, Catherine Prescott, Elizabeth Scholz, Nick
Stagliano, and Chelsea Lewis
Bloch 5
2012 pXRF: a Study of Inter-Instrument Performance. Journal of Archaeological
Science 39(4): 875–883.
Johnson, Phillip R.
2011 Elemental Analysis of Fine-Grained Basalt Sources from the Samoan Island of
Tutuila: Applications of Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and
Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) Toward an Intra-Island Provenance
Study. In X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by M.
Steven Shackley, pp. 143–160. Springer New York, New York, NY.
Lundblad, Steven P., Peter R. Mills, Arian Drake-Raue, and Scott Kekuewa Kikiloi
2011 Non-destructive EDXRF Analyses of Archaeological Basalts. In X-Ray
Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology, edited by M. Steven Shackley, pp.
65–79. Springer New York, New York, NY.
Lynch, Sean C., Andrew J. Locock, M. John M. Duke, and Andrzej W. Weber
2016 Evaluating the Applicability of Portable-XRF for the Characterization of Hokkaido
Obsidian Sources: a Comparison with INAA, ICP-MS and EPMA. Journal of
Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 309(1): 257–265.
Nazaroff, Adam J., Keith M. Prufer, and Brandon L. Drake
2010 Assessing the Applicability of Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry for
Obsidian Provenance Research in the Maya Lowlands. Journal of Archaeological
Science 37: 885–895.
Speakman, Robert J., Robert J Speakman, and M. Steven Shackley
2013 Silo Science and Portable XRF in Archaeology: A Response to Frahm. Journal of
Archaeological Science 40(2): 1435–1443.
Williams-Thorpe, Olwen
2008 The Application of Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis to Archaeological Lithic
Provenancing. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ
Analysis, edited by Philip J. Potts and Margaret West, pp. 174–205. Royal Society of
Chemistry, Cambridge.
METALS
Abel, Timothy J., and Adrian L. Burke
2014 The Protohistoric Time Period in Northwest Ohio: Perspectives from the XRF
Analysis of Metallic Trade Materials. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 39(2): 179.
Dussubieux, Laure, and Heather Walder
Identifying American Native and European Smelted Coppers with pXRF: A Case Study
of Artifacts from the Upper Great Lakes Region. Journal of Archaeological Science 59:
169–178.
Bloch 6
Heginbotham, A., J. Bassett, D. Bourgarit, C. Eveleigh, L. Glinsman, D. Hook, D. Smith, Robert
J. Speakman, Aaron N. Shugar, and R. Van Langh
2015 The Copper CHARM Set: A New Set of Certified Reference Materials for the
Standardization of Quantitative X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Heritage Copper Alloys.
Archaeometry 57(5): 856–868.
Mass, Jennifer L., and Catherine Matsen
2012 Quantitative Non-Destructive Analysis of Historic Silver Alloys: X-Ray
Fluorescence Approaches and Challenges. In Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology,
edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 215–248. Studies in Archaeological
Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
Orfanou, V., and Th. Rehren
2015 A (Not So) Dangerous Method: pXRF vs. EPMA-WDS Analyses of Copper-Based
Artefacts. Archaeological and Anthropological Science 7: 387–397.
Piorek, Stanislaw
2008a Alloy Identification and Analysis with Field-Portable XRF Analyser. In Portable
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, edited by Philip J.
Potts and Margaret West, pp. 98–140. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
Scott, Rebecca B., Kim Eekelers, and Patrick Degryse
2016 Quantitative Chemical Analysis of Archaeological Slag Material Using Handheld
X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry. Applied Spectroscopy 70(1): 94–109.
Smith, Dylan
2012 Handheld X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of Renaissance Bronzes: Practical
Approaches to Quantification and Acquisition. In Handheld XRF for Art and
Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 37–74. Studies in
Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
Veldhuijzen, Harald Alexander
2003 “Slag Fun” - a New Tool for Archaeometallurgy: Development of an Analytical
(P)ED-XRF Method for Iron-Rich Materials. Papers from the Institute of Archaeology :
PIA 14: 102–118.
BONE AND SHELL
Bissett, Thaddeus G., and Cheryl P. Claassen
2016 Portable X-Ray Fluorescence in Sourcing Prehistoric Whelk Shell Artifacts: A
Pilot Study from Eastern North America. North American Archaeologist 37(3): 143–169.
Daar, Eman, K. S. Al Mugren, S. Chika, S. Barnes, and D. A. Bradley
2015 XRF Measurements of Zn, Sr and Pb in Archaeological Bone. X‐Ray Spectrometry
44(3): 129–134.
Bloch 7
Egden, Lesley M., Khanh Nguyen, David R. Chettle, Richard Butler, Michael J. Inskip, and
Colin E. Webber
2015 X-ray Fluorescence of Archived Bone Samples: Are Raised Pb levels a Chance
Finding or an Association with Paget’s Disease?: XRF of Bone Pb and Paget’s Disease.
X-Ray Spectrometry 44(4): 221–225.
Piga, Giampaolo, Andrés Santos-Cubedo, Salvador Moya Solà, Antonio Brunetti, Assumpciò
Malgosa, and Stefano Enzo
2009 An X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Investigation in
Human and Animal Fossil Bones from Holocene to Middle Triassic. Journal of
Archaeological Science 36(9): 1857–1868.
GLASS
Carmona, N., I. Ortega-Feliu, B. Gómez-Tubío, and M. A. Villegas
2010 Advantages and Disadvantages of PIXE/PIGE, XRF and EDX Spectrometries
Applied To Archaeometric Characterisation Of Glasses. Materials Characterization 61:
257–267.
Kaiser, Bruce, and Aaron N. Shugar
2012 Glass Analysis Utilizing Handheld X-Ray Fluorescence. In Handheld XRF for Art
and Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 449–470. Studies
in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
PAINTINGS, PAPER, PHOTOGRAPHS
Barrett, Tim, Robert Shannon, Jennifer Wade, and Joseph Lang
2012 XRF Analysis of Historical Paper in Open Books. In Handheld XRF for Art and
Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 191–214. Studies in
Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
Cesareo, Roberto, Stefano Ridolfi, Maurizio Marabelli, Alfredo Castellano, Giovanni Buccolieri,
Marina Donativi, Giovanni E. Gigante, Antonio Brunetti, and Marco A. Rosales Medina
2008 Portable Systems for Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Works of
Art. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis,
edited by Philip J. Potts and Margaret West, pp. 206–246. Royal Society of Chemistry,
Cambridge.
Gautier, Gwenaelle, Anikó Bezur, Kimberley Muir, Francesca Casadio, and Inge Fieldler
2009 Chemical Fingerprinting of Ready-Mixed House Paints of Relevance to Artistic
Production in the First Half of the Twentieth Century. Part I: Inorganic and Organic
Pigments. Applied Spectroscopy 63(6): 597–603.
McGlinchey, Chris
2012 Handheld XRF for the Examination of Paintings: Proper Use and Limitations. In
Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L.
Bloch 8
Mass, pp. 131–158. Studies in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University Press,
Leuven.
Piorek, Stanislaw
2008b Coatings, Paint, and Thin Film Deposits. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, pp. 56–82. Royal Society of Chemistry,
Cambridge.
Stulik, Dusan C., and Art Kaplan
2012 Application of a Handheld XRF Spectrometer in Research and Identification of
Photographs. In Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and
Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 75–130. Studies in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University
Press, Leuven.
Trentelman, K, C. Schmidt Patterson, and N Turner
2012 XRF Analysis of Manuscript Illuminations. In Handheld XRF for Art and
Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 159–190. Studies in
Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
LANDSCAPE AND ENVIRONMENTAL TOXINS
Donais, Mary Kate, and David George
2012 Using Handheld XRF to Aid in Phasing, Locus Comparisons, and Material
Homogeneity Assessment at an Archaeological Excavation. In Handheld XRF for Art and
Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 349–378. Studies in
Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University Press, Leuven.
Fraser, G. W.
2008 Extraterrestrial Analysis: Planetary X-Ray Fluorescence from Orbiting Spacecraft
and Landers. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ
Analysis, edited by Philip J. Potts and Margaret West, pp. 247–278. Royal Society of
Chemistry, Cambridge.
Liangquan, Ge
2008 Geochemical Prospecting. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry:
Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, edited by Philip J. Potts and Margaret West, pp. 141–
173. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
Ramsey, Michael
2008 Contaminated Land: Cost-Effective Investigation within Sampling Constraints. In
Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, edited by
Philip J. Potts and Margaret West, pp. 39–55. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
Rowe, Marvin W., Sally J. Cole, and Mohammed Yousuf
Bloch 9
2013 pXRF Analysis of Arsenic When Lead Is Present: A Cautionary Tale. In
Archaeological Chemistry VIII, 1147:pp. 269–276. ACS Symposium Series 1147.
American Chemical Society.
Shugar, Aaron N., and P. Jane Sirois
2012 Handheld XRF Use in the Identification of Heavy Metal Pesticides in Ethnographic
Collections. In Handheld XRF for Art and Archaeology, edited by Aaron N. Shugar and
Jennifer L. Mass, pp. 313–348. Studies in Archaeological Sciences. Leuven University
Press, Leuven.
West, Margaret
2008 Hazardous Substances in the Workplace. In Portable X-Ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry: Capabilities for In Situ Analysis, edited by Philip J. Potts and Margaret
West, pp. 83–97. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge.
Bloch 10