Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
•_____________ processes are the chemical
processes that occur in all living things.
•Two of these processes are _____________
_____________ and _____________. They are
both controlled by _____________.
•_____________ ______________ is carried out
by _____________ organisms.
•______________ is carried out by
_____________ _____________ and some singlecelled organisms.
Euglena
II. Cellular Respiration:
• You learned that when you eat foods that are
carbohydrates (bread and pasta) they are broken
down by your ____________ ______________.
• They are broken down into ____________
____________ (glucose)
• The bonds of glucose are then broken by a series of
____________ ______________ _____________
to form energy.
• This energy is captured into the bonds of the High
Energy Molecule known as ____________
(Adenosine Triphosphate)
• This energy is used by the organism for it’s
______________ ______________
Diagram of ATP
II A. The ATP/ADP Cycle:
•ATP and ADP are compounds that are found in all
cells.
•The D in ADT is for Diphosphate or ________
phosphates.
•The T in ATP is for Triphosphates or ________
phosphates.
•ADP and ATP are converted back and forth as a
____________ is added or removed.
• We get energy to put the third phosphate on to
ADP by burning _____________. The most
common food that is burned is ____________.
ATP 100% Renewable Energy
All living things rely on one source of energy to do all things
from building molecules to flexing muscles = ATP (Adenosine
Triphosphate). Breaking down ATP releases energy and cells
constantly replace their ATP by attaching a spare phosphate
onto ADP. The energy from that comes from food we eat
(animals) or make (plants). Enzymes control the breaking and
making of ATP
II. B Two Types of Respiration:
• There are two ways to burn glucose (two types of
respiration)
• Anaerobic Respiration does NOT use
____________. This is also called
____________.
• Aerobic Respiration USES _____________
II. C Anaerobic Respiration (fermentation)
• Some cells lack the _____________ necessary
for aerobic respiration and other cells like your
muscle cells change to anaerobic respiration when
oxygen is lacking
•The enzymes necessary for this type of respiration
are located in the ____________ of the cells.
•In Anaerobic respiration ____________ is partially
broken down by the ____________ to form either
____________ ____________ or ____________
_____________ and _____________.
•Both of these form only ______________ ATP
molecules.
•____________ and ___________ ___________
cells form the lactic acid and 2 ATP.
•____________ form the alcohol and carbon dioxide
and 2 ATP.
Glucose
Glucose
or
2 Lactic Acid + 2 ATP
2 alcohol + 2CO2 + 2ATP
II D. Aerobic Respiration:
•Most organisms are more complex and need more
_______________to perform their life activities than
anaerobic respiration can produce.
•Aerobic respiration occurs in the cell organelle called
the ____________.
•In Aerobic Respiration ____________ is completely
broken down in a series of _____________ controlled
reactions to form _____________ _____________
and ____________ and _________ ATP molecules.
+ 36 ATP
II E. Comparison Chart for Aerobic and Anaerobic
Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
1. Takes place in the
__________________
Takes place in the
______________________________
2. No ______________
Requires ______________
3. Less efficient ( _______ ATP)
More efficient ( _______ ATP)
4. Waste products: ____________ Waste products: ______________
__________ or ______________
______________ and
and _______________
______________
________________.
5. Time frame: ___________
Time frame: _____________
6. Glucose breakdown is
_________________
Glucose breakdown is
_______________.
III. Photosynthesis:
•The energy for life primarily comes from the
_____________.
•Photosynthesis is biochemical food-making process
that provides a connection between the
____________ and _____________ needs of living
things.
•During _____________ solar energy is used to
combine _____________ molecules of
____________ _____________ and ____________
into energy rich organic compounds such as
____________.
• This process releases ____________ into the
environment.
• Photosynthesis is a type of nutrition called
___________ nutrition.
III A. Location for Photosynthesis
• Green _____________ cells and and some
__________ celled organisms contain ____________
this organelle is involved in the process of
___________.
• ____________ are located mainly in the _________
of green plants.
• ___________ are located in the cytoplasm and
contain the green pigment _____________.
• ___________ along with ____________ are
necessary for the food-making process of
____________.
• The __________ is considered the ‘food factory’ of
photosynthetic plants.
•The leaf has many ____________ ____________
that make it well adapted for the process of
photosynthesis
A. Leaves are arranged on stems, so that they can
receive the maximum ____________ absorption
B. Leaves have ____________ and _________
__________ for gas exchange.
C. The majority of chloroplasts are located in the
__________ __________.
D. ___________ __________ are bean shaped
structures located around stomates which contain
____________ and ___________ the opening
and closing of the stomates.
Leaf cross section
Stomata and guard cells
III b. Chemistry of Photosynthesis:
• Photosynthesis involves ____________ __________
in which __________ __________ and __________
are converted into sugar molecules. ___________ gas
is a by-product.
• Besides __________ photosynthesis also requires
____________ and __________.
Sexy Sally
Sun
Phyll the Chlorophyll Molecule
Splits H2O to give off O2
6
+ 12
NADP Train
+6
+
6
A carrier molecule that picks up H2 and combines
It with CO2 to make PGAL, a sugar which will then
Form the sugar glucose
III c. Factors that influence The Rate of
Photosynthesis:
• Photosynthesis occurs best at 350 Celsius. Above
this _________ the enzymes are destroyed
(denatured)
• __________ intensity.
•____________ ____________ increases the
rate up to a point.
•__________ shortage decreases
photosynthesis.
The End