Name_____________________________Pd.____
Date_____________________
Introducing Earth
Chapter 1 pages 1-21
Lesson 1 The Earth System
EQ: What are the main parts of the Earth system?
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1. The many parts of the Earth ________________ all work together.
2. The constant flow, or cycling of matter through the Earth system is driven by
____________________- _________________________________________ work.
3. Two main sources of energy: heat from the ________________________ and heat
__________________________________________________________________.
4. Earth contains ____________, _______________, _____________, and ______________.
5. Atmosphere- _______________________________________________________________
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*Water vapor is water in the form of a ________________.
6. Geosphere- 3 main parts: ____________________________________________________
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*Nearly all of Earth’s ______________ is found in Earth’s solid rock and metals.
7. Hydrosphere- ______________________________________________________________
*About _____________________________ of Earth is covered by water.
8. Biosphere- ________________________________________________________________
*Life cannot exist without ____________________________________.
9. A system returns data to itself about a change in the system in a process called
__________________________________________.
EQ: How do constructive and destructive forces change Earth?
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Constructive forces
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1. Constructive forces- _________________________________________________________
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*examples: __________________________ and __________________________
2. The Earth’s lithosphere is broken into huge pieces called _______________________.
3. The slow movement of Earth’s plates is called ____________________________________.
Destructive forces
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4. Forces such as ______________________________________________________________
are called destructive forces.
*examples: __________________________ and __________________________
Lesson 2 Earth’s Interior
EQ: How do geologists learn about Earth’s interior?
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1. Geologists have drilled holes into Earth to bring up ________________________________.
2. By studying how ____________________________, produced by earthquakes, travel
through Earth, geologists know that Earth’s interior is made up of three main layers.
EQ: What are the features of Earth’s crust, mantle, and core?
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1. ___________________________ and _____________________________ increase the
deeper down inside Earth you go.
The Crust
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2. Earth’s _____________ is the layer of rock that forms Earth’s _______________________.
3. Oceanic crust lies beneath the ________________; its overall composition is ___________.
4. Continental crust forms the __________________________, its overall composition
is ______________________.
The Mantle
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5. The mantle is divided into 3 layers: ____________________________________________
____________________________________________
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6. The ______________________________ is made up of the crust and the uppermost mantle.
7. The soft layer of the ___________________________________ is part of the mantle.
8. The __________________________________ layer of the mantle is hot but more rigid.
The Core
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9. The ___________________________ is a layer of molten metal surrounding the inner core.
10. The inner core is a _________________________ of ______________________________.
11. In the inner core, extreme ___________________________ squeezes the atoms of iron
and nickel.
12. Scientists think that movements in the liquid ______________________ create Earth’s
____________________________________________.
Lesson 3 Convection and the Mantle
EQ: How is heat transferred?
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1. Conduction- ________________________________________________________________
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2. The transfer of energy from the sun that warms your skin-____________________________
3. ____________________________- heat transfer by movement of a fluid.
EQ: How does convection occur in Earth’s mantle?
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1. ___________________________- a measure of how much mass there is in a given volume
of a substance.
2. A cooler fluid is ______________ dense than a hotter, ______________ dense fluid.
3. Convection current- __________________________________________________________
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4. Convection currents in the _____________________________ cause Earth’s magnetic field.