!#"$%!!!&'
(%)*+-,./0
(1 2435268759
:;7=<?>A@CBEDF@CGIH
7GKJMLON(P52#QR<SGTH
@U:I68VAN(P52#QWJ0H
@X0@U77Y
ZF[]\C^`_ba+cd[]efahg'iC_+[]g+eU[]jSLk^`eUl$mk^`g+gbnoeUn-YAprqFsUgb[t_vu`^IahwKn4_+[xlU[yjz^{myw`| a+[}lM~.tU_]prk
``pCi8!KKKT
Up
.no][ym[tlU[
UpCiC_h^`et[
Vqxsg+[t_vuT^TahwKn4_+[xlU[y(^`_+n4gtpr
p0KE.u0ZF[te[]_bav'wU[]_+[t^`Mp0K` ;pC(^`_+n4gtpCiC_h^TeUt[
3¢¡d£-¤yP¢3¥E¤
_+[]u=n4[]§¨w`©ahU[d\U_+[]g+[]eaªwKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKeU^`j^`eUl«ahU[]wK_+[Oahnot^`jgbah^Tahgªw`[tjoj4no\a+not^`j
¦
¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]g}nog}\U_+[]g+[]ea+[tl§'n4a+«a+U[^Tnoc®a+w$tjo^`_+n¯?°$§'U[OahU[]_ªah[dc±wKeUwKj4n4a+UnoEw`_ya+U[
Un4[t_+^`_+Un4²^`j³pMnogy^¢c±wK_+[Eu=nz^TsUjo[´gbt[teU^`_+n4w%w`_FahU[{wK_bn ¬ n4eµw`©a+U[tgb[dgvah_bU]a+U_+[]gtd¶·[
lU[]g+]_+nos0[%ahU[%l°=eC^`c±not^`jkgvah_+]ah_+[$wT[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg´g+noe ¬ \Uw`ahw`cd[Oah_+n4
^`el¸gb\¹[]]ah_bwKg+]wK\Un4ºlU^Ta^pnoe»\C^T_bahn4tUjo^`_´KZ¼wKsUgb[t_vu`^Iahnow`eUg´_+wKc½n4efah[ ¬ _h^`j¾U[tjol
gb\¹[]]ah_bw ¬ _+^`\UUg]p(§'n4a+[]cd\UU^`g+n4gyw`e\U_bwK\¹[]_ba+no[tg}gbU»^`gysU_+n ¬ faheU[]g+gylUnogvah_+n4sUa+nowKeMp
u`[tjow=tn¯a!°%\U_+wT¾Cjo[]gtp0t[tefa+_h^`j8gba+_+UOahU_b[tgFj4no¿`[yÀK]Ug+\f°=À\U_bw`¾Cjo[]gF^`el$ÀK]wK_+[]g+ÀUp¹^`g.§©[tj4j8^`g
][tefah_+^`jgbU\¹[]_xcÁ^Tg+g+n¯uK[sUjz^`¿ºUwKj4[tg]¶[ª_+[]u=n4[]§Â^`jogbwÁah[EcÁ^Tnoeº_+[tjo^Tahn4wKeUg.s¹[Oa!§[][te
a+U[tgb[ÁÃC^`efahn¯ahn4[tgyjono¿T[´ahU[±UeUlC^`c±[tefah^`j\Ujz^`e[Á^`eltw`jowKU_!j4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°ºlUnz^ ¬ _h^`cº
¶·[Á\U_b[tgb[tefa{wKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKeU^`j©[Ou=nolU[]eUt[]gEwK_a+U[Á\U_b[tgb[teU][ºwTÄlC^`_b¿·cd^Ta+a+[t_ynoea+U[
[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgE^TeUl»lUnogbtUgbgEahU[a+U[twK_bno[]gEw` ¬ ^`jo^I=°·wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e«§'n¯ahUn4eÅahU[
_+^`cd[O§w`_+¿w`#^±]wKjol%lC^T_+¿cd^Ta+a+[t_'tw`g+c±wKjow ¬ no²^Tj¹c±wl[tjƶ·[lnog+]Ug+g'ah[}w`_+cd^Tahn4wKe
w`jz^`_ ¬ [OÇg+t^`jo[Egvah_bU]a+U_+[Tp#_+[]g+gvÈU[]a+[t_Ea+U[twK_v°«^`eUl«UeUn¯uK[t_bgh^`jlU[]eUg+n¯a!°É\U_+wT¾Cjo[
w`©lC^`_b¿$cd^Ta+a+[t_xC^TjowKg]´ÈUsg+[tÃU[]efahj4°`p ¬ ^Tgxl°=eC^`c±notg]p-gbah^`_xwK_+cd^Tahn4wKeMp0[t[tlsC^`¿rp
^`e ¬ Ujz^T_kcdw`cd[]ea+UcºpUcdw`_+\UUw`jow ¬ °Á^`eUl%ah[[]\¹w=wT ¬ ^Tjz^I=°wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e¢^`_+[}gvahUlUn4[tl
^`eltwKc±\C^`_bnog+w`es0[]a!§©[t[teÊlUn4g+¿g´^`eUlgb\UU[]_+wKn4lUg´^`_b[cÁ^TlU[`5Ë^`j4C^`sUj4[dn4eUg+n ¬ fahg
n4ea+wºa+U[dw`_+cd^Tahn4wKeÉ[t\0wÅwTÄ[tj4jono\ahnot^`j ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgy^`_+[±\U_bw;u=n4lU[tlÅsf°«lU[]_+n4u=n4e ¬ a+U[
c±[²^`eºc±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯ahno[]gk^`el5^ ¬ []g^Ia.ln4̹[t_+[]efa_b[tlUgbUn4?a+ga+U_+wK ¬ a+U[gvahUl°wTlUn4̹[t_b[tefa
\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe´gb°=efah[tg+n4gkc±wlU[]jogÍg+noe ¬ jo[!sUU_bgba©^`eUl±[]u`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°Ecdw=lU[tj4gÎn4ed\C^T_bahn4tUjo^`_
a+U[}cÁ^ ¬ eU[tgbnoUc¦ahw{no_bwKe%_h^Ta+nowU
Ï8wÁ^`\\¹[t^`_Änoe%Àf'[t][tefa.[]g+[²^T_+5ZF[OuK[]jowK\Uc±[tefa+g.n4e¢gba+_+wKewKcª°%ÐÑ.gba+_+wK\Uf°=g+n4tgbÀ
2
0>A:;J-68G`>;<J
Ci wK_cÁ^`ef°¢°`[²^`_bgF^T?a+[t_'ahU[]no_noefah_bwlU]ahn4wKe^`g.w`eU[ªw`ahU[.UssUjo[ya!°\0[tg]p []jojon4\ahn4²^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg
ͳÄ~ gΧ©[t_+[ ¬ []eU[t_+^`joj¯°a+UwK ¬ ayw`©^`gxÀ`s¹wK_bnoe ¬ l°eU^`cdn4²^`j(gb°=gba+[tc±g+ÀUp
ahU^Ta}nogFw`sUjz^Ta+[Eg+\U[t_bwKnolUg
g+\U\¹w`_bah[]lÅsf°É_+w`ah^Tahn4wKeM
.eUlUj4°ÉgbjowA§¨_+wTa^Ta+nowKeUgxw;§©[]u`[t_]p#§[]_+[Ác±[²^Tg+U_b[tln4e^%eUcEs0[t_yw`
wKs b[]]a+g{ͳ[]_ba+wKjz^±Ðmk^`\C^`]tn4wKjon Af` !jojon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+· ²fKKÎ
"!$#%'&()+*!,-/. 0/1!$(324/.65
7 "8!1/91- :;<5!=)?>@&.61A!,CB4!D!=/1E)+*F/.1.GH&!$I0<.HO©qxe¢a+U[wTahU[]_U^`eUl^{\U^`\¹[]_'[tefahn¯ahjo[]l
ÀKÂe=cd[]_+not^`j
cdw=lU[]j
w`_^da+_+no^Inz^`j-gvah[tj4jz^`_'gv°gvah[]c®noel°=eC^`c±not^`j
[tÃUnoj4nosU_bnoUc±ÀE§^`gF\UUsjonogbU[tl
sf°%Èf§^`_+]g+Un4jol·Ív ²f`fKÎ J#n4ak^`noc±[tlÁ^TaÄ[O\Ujo^`noenoe ¬ ahU[F]wK_+_b[tjo^Tah[]l_h^`lnz^`jruT^`_+no^Tahn4wKeUgnoen4g+wK\Uw`ah[]g
^Inog!_+^Tahn4wKg'^`eUl5w`_+no[]efa^Ta+nowKeUg].j4ahwK ¬ ºahU[]g+[ª\_+wK\0[t_vahno[]g.U^`l5^`j4_+[t^`l°%s0[t[te§[]joj¯ÇlUw=tUc±[tefah[]l
noe{ah[.gbn¯=ahn4[tgtpfa+U[.n4efah[t_b[tgva§^`g©_b[teU[O§[]l_+wKcÑs¹w`a+da+U[a+U[tw`_+[]a+not^`jr^`eUldwKsUg+[]_buT^Ta+nowKeC^TjC\¹wKn4efahgw`
u=no[O§Í¶ n4joj4nz^`c±gÐÑÈf§k^T_+tgbUnoj4lÅ AfTK^p ²f``s U
[t^` ²M L ;ÎN
O#K$P>M$.G1!D(Q/'0<RST*@"'I";Q.Op
^`eUlºn4a§k^`g_+[t^`jon4t[]lahC^Ta[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4g§©[t_b[ÃUn¯ah[x[]n4a+noe ¬ l°=eC^`c±not^`jMgv°gvah[]cdg.^T?ah[]_'^`joDj U
W[]§ °K[²^T_+gjz^Ta+[t_tpahU[}\U_b[tg+[]eUt[w`(lUnogb¿=g'n4eÄ~ g§^`g.^`lu`wt^Tah[]lÅͳnoC^T_+l« AM L`
Up AM LfKÎpwKe
ah[ysU^`g+n4gwTah[y[]joj4no\a+notn¯a!°±_h^`lUno^`jM\U_bw`¾Cj4[tg'w`'~ g.^`g'twKc±\C^`_b[tl%ahwÁÈ{^`eUl%ahU[y\¹w`noefah[]l%w`_+c±gwT
nogbwK\UUwTah[tg]'¿T[]°_+[tgbUj4a§^`g\UsUjon4g+U[]l$sf°[teUl[t_{Í AM LMLfÎpU§'UwÁwKeUl5^±twK_b_+[tjo^Tahn4wKe%s¹[Oa!§[][te
nogbwK\UUwTa^`j ¬ [twKc±[]a+_b°5^`eUl«¿=n4eU[tcd^Ta+not@g JwKVs b[t]a+gy§'n¯ahÉ\0wKnoefah[]lMp-wK_xÀKlnog+¿f°=ÀUp-n4g+wK\Uw`ah[]g^T_+[ES^`gva
_+wTa^Ta+wK_+g}^`el«jo^`_ ¬ [tj4°g+\U\¹w`_bah[]l·sf°µ_bw`a^Iahnow`eM´qFs b[]]ahg}§'n4a+ÉÀKs¹w²=°=Àn4g+wK\Uw`ah[]gx_+w`ah^Tah[´ÃUn¯ah[
g+j4wA§'j4°Kpr^TeUlt^`e$w`eUj4°Ás¹[yg+U\\¹wK_vah[]l$sf°%À`ah[t_+cd^`j4À´cdw`a+nowKegtpUn³[T^{gba+wC^Tgbahn4gv°=gbah[]c¼w`#gvah[tj4jz^`_
wK_bsUn4a+gtqFe%^²uK[t_+^ ¬ [xah[FS^`noefah[]_kwKs b[]]a+g.^T_+[xlUn4g+¿f°É$Í WVXÆÎOp§'Un4jo[ ¬ nz^`efa'Ä~ g'^`_+[xw`?a+[te%s0wA=°µDÍ YKZTÎ
ÂS^Tt[OÇwKe5lUn4g+¿º²^`eeUw`aFs0[ª_b[²^`lnoj4°%l[]ah[]]a+[tlMp-sUaFnog.gba+nojoj
\U_b[tgb[tefadͳ'n¯Ð ¶ Un¯ah[Á ²KKfÎp¹U[]eUt[
ah[ygbUsÇtjz^Tg+\g []MÄ
j¯ahUw` ¬ «cdwKgvaE ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg}C^²uK[Á^lUn4g+¿rp(a+Unogytw`cd\0wKeU[]eanogywKeUj¯°É^c±noewK_}wK_+eC^Tcd[]eatp
tw`cd\C^T_+[tl5a+wÁah[´\¹wA§©[t_bj#_+w`ah^Tahn4e ¬ lnog+¿gxw`gb\Uno_+^`jo@g J.n4e$ah[tg+[ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg.a+U[ElUn4g+¿gx[]u`[tefahU^`joj¯°
lUwKc±noeU^Tah[]gEahU[ºcdw`_+\UUw`jow ¬ °`p\UUw`a+wKcd[Oah_v°»^`eUl¸¿=n4eU[tcd^Ta+notg] È=\Uno_+^`jogºÍ³ÈUÎEC^²uK[$\jo[tefa!°»w`
noefa+[t_+gvah[]jojz^T_cd^Ta+a+[t_$Í vÈU5Îpn4eUtj4UlUnoe ¬ ÀK]wKjol ¬ ^`g+ÀÊÍS^TahwKc±no±^`elcdwKj4[t]Ujz^`_hÎOp(lUUgba´^`eUl»^`_b[
^`]twK_blUnoe ¬ j4°¢gvahnoj4j
^`sUj4[ya+w±wK_bc eU[]§Rgva^`_bgt.È\Un4_h^`j4g^`_+[yg+U\\¹wK_vah[]l5sf°$_bw`a^Ta+nowKe pCnoeU]joUlUn4e ¬ ahU[]no_
t[]efah_h^Tjgb\UU[]_+wKn4lC^`jsUUj ¬ [`p-wT?ah[te«tw`eUg+n4lU[t_b[tlÅ^Tg^%g+cd^`j4j# ¬ ^Tjz^I=°5À ¬ _h^T?a+[tlUÀºU\0wKeµahU[±lUn4g+¿r
!eÉtwKefa+_h^`gva²p-[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gÄC^²uK[{jon¯a+ahj4
[ vÈ ^TeUl5ahU[]no_Fgva^`_bg}^`_+[ªeUwK_+cd^`j4j4°%ÃUn4a+[EwKj4lM}ÏÄU[]°µU^Au`[
UwA§©[]uK[]_ya+U[´_h^IahU[]_xUeUnoÃU[´\_+wK\0[t_va!°$ahw¢]wKefa^`n4eµg+n ¬ eUn4¾U²^`efa}^`c±wKUefa+gxw`ÀKUw`a ¬ ^`g+À%^TaFg+wKc±[
AM ^`_^`el5ahU[]_+[]w`_+[ªa+w[tc±n4ba a.Ç_h^²°=gt}'w`a^Ta+nowKe\Ujz^²°=gFwKej4°^cdn4eUwK_'_+w`jo[ªn4e$ah[tno_.l°=eC^`c±not^`j
g+\U\¹w`_ba²yin4eC^`j4j4°Kp0_h^TlUnowT ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgħ'n¯ahµ[O=a+[teUlU[]l·j4wKs0[tggb[t[]c®ahw¢s0[ ¬ no^`efaxÄ~@g JFnog.n4aF^Á§k^²°5a+w
_+[]tw ¬ eUno][}a+U[tgb[ª^Ia'jz^`_ ¬ [`c;d
qg+\0[t]nz^`j-n4efah[t_b[tgvax^`_b[ya+U[j4[tefahn4tUjo^`_+g'wK_.È ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg]pCnoefah[]_+c±[tlUno^Tah[xs0[]a!§©[t[]eµg+\Un4_h^`j4g^`eUl
[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4g J©a+U[]°$C^²uK[´lUn4g+¿gFw`uT^`_bnowKgnoc±\0wK_bah^`eUt[Tp¹s0[]a!§©[t[]e«a+UwKgb[Ew` ^`eUl«È$wKs b[]]a+gtp-^`el
^`_b[jz^T_ ¬ []j4°{g+\U\¹w`_bah[]l¢sf°Á_bw`a^Ta+nowKe #.wªg+\Un4_h^`j0gba+_+UOahU_b[x^`\U\0[²^`_bgksUasC^`_©noeUgva^`sUn4jon¯a!°´nog©tU_b_+[tefat
qFeahU[w`ahU[]_kC^`el%a+U[tn4_gvah[tj4jz^`_©\¹w`\UUjz^Iahnow`eUg©_b[tgb[tcEsUj4[ahwKg+[xw`
[]joj4no\a+no²^TjogtpK§'nojo[ahU[]no_Ä^TcdwKea
w`TvÈU uT^`_+n4[tgÄuK[]_b°ºcEUº_+wKc w`eU[}wKsb[tOaa+w±a+U[wTahU[]_J[OuK[]ea+C^`j4j4°º^`gjowA§W^TgwK_Ä~ gtp0n4acÁ^²°
s0[ttw`cd[}ÃUn4a+[xeUw`a+not[t^`sUj4[`p§'n¯ahUwKa^`joj4w;§'n4e ¬ gva^`_ÄwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe
Ça.nog^dC^Tjojo[]e ¬ [xwK_.^`gba+_+wK\°=gbnotn4gba+ga+wÁUeUl[t_+gva^`el$ahU[ywK_bn ¬ n4e^TeUl$[OuKwKj4ahn4wKewT^`j4jMahU[]g+[
ah_+[t[cÁ^ bwK_Äa!°\0[tgw`sU_bn ¬ fa ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgÍSew`a]wKUefahn4e ¬ a+U[uT^`_bnowKg]jz^`gbg+[]gFw`l§^`_vg.§'Un4$§'noj4j
eUw`a.s0[lUn4g+]Ug+gb[tl5n4eahnog'_+[Oun4[]§.ÎÄc±wKe ¬ ahU[yUg+U^`j(]wKeUgvah_h^Tnoefahg.^`_+[}ah[_b[tjz^Iahn4u`[}\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeg
w` KÈ KÈ$^`g^dUeUOahn4wKe$w` c¢^`eUl$n4euT^`_bnowKUg[tefu=no_bwKeUc±[tefahg]pMnÆ [`Äa+U[¾C[]jolMp¹g+cd^`joj ¬ _+wKU\gF^`eUl
tj4Ugba+[t_bgªw`lUn4u`[t_+gb[Á_bnoUeU[]g+g]%¶·[^T_+[±eU[]u`[t_ba+U[tj4[tgbb
g bUgba+n4¾C[]ln4e·]wKeUg+n4lU[t_bnoe ¬ g+[]\C^`_h^Iah[tj¯°µahU[
\U_bwKsUjo[]c wT[tjoj4no\a+not^`jog]pCs¹[]²^`Ugb[{w`^eUcEs0[t_Fw`gv°=gbah[]cÁ^Iahnoª\U_+wK\0[t_vahn4[tgtp noe$a+U[tn4_\UUwTahwKc±[]a+_b°
^`eUl¿noeU[]cÁ^Ta+no]gtprwK_noea+U[tn4_.gvah[]jojz^T_Ä\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeºtw`ea+[tefa²ÏÄU[]g+[EgbU\U\Uj¯°$^TlU[tÃC^Ta+[ ¬ nolC^`et[ynoe
lU[]_+n4u=n4e ¬ ahU[]wK_+[Oahnot^`jMc±wl[tjog]pU^`el\U_b[t]nowKUgÄa+[tgba+g.wT(a+U[tn4_Äg+U]t[tgbgt
ÏÄU[Ew`_+n ¬ noeºw`tw`g+c±noygbah_bU]a+U_+[]gtpMn4eUtj4UlUn4e ¬d¬ ^`jz^In4[tgw`^`j4j
a!°=\0[tg]pMnog.tU_b_+[tefa+j4°ºlU[tgbt_bnos0[tl
ah_+wK ¬ 5ahU[ ¬ _+^²un¯a^Ta+nowKeU^`j
lUnogbg+no\U^Tahn4wKeUjo[]g+g.twKj4jz^`\Ugb[Enoe5^ .eUn¯uK[t_bg+[{lUwKc±noeU^Tah[]l5sf°ÉmwKj4lÉZx^`_+¿
$^Tabah[]_ºÍÆmkZ}5Îp#§'n4ahÊ^µg+n4a^TsUjo[c±n¯w`\U_bnoc±[]uT^`j ¬ ^`g{^`eUlÊ\UUw`a+wKeUg]ÅÏÄU[º[Onogvah[tet[%w`
jz^T_ ¬ [^`c±wKUefahg.w`lUn4g+g+n4\C^Ta+nowKeUj4[tgbgZ} n4ea+U[EUeUn¯uK[]_+g+[TpMtj4Ugba+[t_b[tlµUn4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j4j4°%^`g.eUcd[]_+n4²^`j
g+n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKeUgnoeUlUn4²^Ta+[`pMcd^²°5n4eUlUU][EahU[´n4eS^`joj8w` ¬ ^`gxn4efahwah[´\¹w`a+[tefahno^`j(§©[tj4jogFwT\U_b[OÇ[Onogvahnoe ¬
C^`j4wKgx^`elÉw`_+c a+U[´ÀKj4Ucdn4eUwKUgbÀ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gtEw`ah[Ea+C^Taxa+U[´\U_+[]g+[]ea+j4°µ\0wK\Ujz^`_u`[t_bg+now`e·w`a+U[
mkZ} gbt[teU^`_+n4wUprnÆ [`kah
[ ÄmkZ} ͳk^TU²^`j4j
[]a^`jÆx A`KfÎÄ^ ¬ _b[t[tg§'n4a+$wKsUgb[t_vu`^Iahnow`eUgtp0g+U5^`g.a+U[
_+[]g+n4lUC^`j C]ahU^Tahn4wKeUgxnoeµa+U[{twKgbcdn4´cdn4t_+wA§^²uK[{sC^`¿ ¬ _bwKUeUl ÍÆmÄ$ÄÎFwK_Fa+U[{lUnogvah_bnosUa+nowKeµwT
Çaxn4gFw`twK_+g+[´ewK_ba+UeC^Ta+[ªahU^TaFah[E\Uf°=g+not^`j#eC^IahU_b[´w`
¬ ^`jo^I=°ºtjogbah[]_+g}^`elµg+U\0[t_btjogbah[]_+g]F
mkZ}_+[tcd^`n4eUgÄUeU¿eUwA§'eMpr§'Unoj4[FahU[y\U_b[tg+[]eUt[w`Z}C^TjowKg^`_bwKUeUl ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgnog'gba+nojoj Ã=[tgba+nowKe[tl
_+w`c ahn4cd[ahw¢ahn4cd[TpM[]u`[te·w`_xg+\Un4_h^`j4g§'Uno«g+[][tc±[tlÉahw%\U_b[tg+[]efaa+U[{cdwKgva}_+wKsUgbayl°=eC^`c±not^`j
\U_bww`g]
È=ah^`_ba+noe ¬ _+wKc\U_b[t[n4gba+noe ¬ Z} C^`j4wKgÍwK_y\U_+w`a+w ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gÎFn4anogy\¹w`g+g+n4sUjo[{ahw$cdw=lU[tja+U[
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe%w` ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]p0g+noe ¬ g+n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKeUgk§'Un4a^T¿`[En4ea+wÁ^Tttw`Uefaah[ªl°=eC^`c±no]g.wTZ} ^`eUl
¬ ^`g]p¹gva^`_'wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe pU_h^`lnz^Ta+n4uK[}]wwKj4noe ¬ ^`el ¬ ^`gjow`g+g'_+wKc ¬ ^Tjz^`OahnoF§'n4eUlUg]Ïk§©wcd^`noe¢S^`c±noj4no[]g
w`(cdw=lU[]jogÄcd^A°Ás¹[}_b[ttw ¬ eUno][tlJ
K'ÏÄU[ RS" ".G1!1I0S 0'/#KIIp©l[]uK[]jowK\0[tl¸g+n4eUt[%ahU[%[t^`_+j¯°Å§w`_+¿sf°Ê
^`_+gbwKeÍ AfK`ÎOpnog
C^T_h^`Oah[t_bno][tlsf°«^`e·noc±\¹w`_ba^TeaFgba^T_ywK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eÉ^`]a+n4u=n4a!°5^`eUlÅ^%tw`eUg+[]Ã=[tefa´U[]cdn4²^`j
[]eU_+n4Ucd[]efa T[]c^TauK[]_b°±[²^`_bj4°´\C^`g+[]gw`¹ahU[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°EUn4gba+wK_b°`p=wKj4jowA§©[tl{sf°Á^}jow`e ¬ \¹[]_+now=l{w`
ÃUn4[tg+][tefaF[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeM©\UnogbwlU[]g.wT#gbah^`_'wK_+cd^Tahn4wKecd^²°%w]tU_'jz^Iah[t_'n4e%a+U[yjon4[Oahn4cd[FwTah[
¬ ^Tjz^I=°Kp0gba+nocEjz^Ta+[tl$sf° ¬ ^`g^`t]_+[]a+[tlµ_+w`c¼a+U[ªgbU_+_bwKUeUlnoe ¬ ^TcEsUno[]efaFwK_.s°noefa+[t_h^T]ahn4wKeUg
§'n¯ah%eU[tn ¬ s¹w`_+gͳ[]_ba+wKjz^E[Oa^TjÆk A`fKÎO
\ !eµah[±gbw%²^`j4jo[tl I/#?#%0'I0<. 0'/#KIIpM[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog.^`_+[EwK_bcd[]l5_+wKc lUn4̹[t_b[tefa}c±[t_ ¬ noe ¬
[]\UnogbwlU[]g.a+U_+wK ¬ a+UN
[ UsUsUj4[ya+noc±[`pC§'Unoah_+n ¬K¬ []_'a+U[ªgva^`_'wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeº^`Oahn¯un¯a!°º^`eUlºahU[
U[]cdn4²^`j([teU_bnoUc±[tefaxwTa+U[´gb°=gvah[tc Ͷ Un¯ah[´Ð'[t[tg{ AK LfÎO`
!e5a+Unogg+t[]eC^`_bnowUpMcd^`gbg+n4u`[
[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4gw`_+c^Tay_b[tjz^Iahn4u`[tj¯°$j4w;§Ñ_+[]lUg+Un¯?ahgdÍDc KÎah_+wK ¬ Éa+U[±cd[]_ ¬ 4n e ¬ w`kgb\Uno_+^`j
¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]g}ÍSÏ8w=wKcd_b[´ AfK Ck^` ¬ º[Oa.^`jÆk ²KKpM ²KM LfÎ
gy[tc±\UC^Tg+no][tl«sf°«([t[]sUjo[]g¢Í³`KfKÎp-ahU[{lUn4gbahn4eU]a+nowKeÉs0[]a!§©[t[]eahU[{a!§©w$g+][teC^T_+now`gyn4g}cdwK_b[´w`
Un4gbahw`_+not^`j#ahU^`eÅ\Uf°=g+n4²^`jg+n ¬ eUn4¾U²^`eU][`
^`_ ¬ [±wKs b[]]a+gEcÁ^²°És0[dwK_bcd[]lsf°·noefah[]_h^`Oahnow`e^`el
c±[t_ ¬ noe ¬ wTM^xUn4[t_h^T_+f°´w`0\U_bnoc±[]uT^`jÀ`joUc±\Ug+Àxn4e{^x\U_+w`a+w ¬ ^`jo^I=° J8a+Unogn4g#\U_h^T]ahn4²^`j4j4°y[tÃUn¯uT^`jo[]eaa+w
^{cdwKewKjon¯ahUn4.gbt[teU^`_+n4wUkqFe¢ah[w`a+U[t_'C^TeUlMpUah[t_+[ynogÄewdlUw`Usa'ahC^Ia ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgklUw±noefa+[t_h^T]a²pU§'n¯ah
g+w`cd[Oahnoc±[tggb\¹[]]a^TtUjo^`_©[OÌ []]a+gtpU^TeUlÁC^²u`[F\¹[]_+C^T\Ugn4ea+[t_+^`]a+[tlÁgvahn4jojCc±wK_+[^Ta©jz^`_ ¬ [Ä`ÏÄ[t[]efah_h^Tj
\U_bwKsUjo[]cnogÄ_+^Tah[t_Äahw´¾CeUlºwKa'§'U[]ea+U[}sUUjo¿Áw`(a+U[}gbah^`_+għ©[t_+[}wK_bcd[]l^TeUln¯(a+UnogÄ\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe
[]u`wKj4u`[tl\C^`g+gbn4u`[tj4°`pCwK_k§^`g.c±w=lUn4¾C[]lMpU^TeUlºa+w´§'C^Ta[O=ah[]efa²p0s°noefah[]_h^`Oahnow`eUgt.eUw`ah[t_'noc±\¹w`_ba^Tea
\U_bwKsUjo[]c¼nog.a+U[ªc±wK_b\UUwKj4w ¬ ° J§©[t_+[{Ä~ gwK_bcd[]l§'n4a+$ah[tno_.\U_+[]g+[]eaxw`_+cºp0gv°=cdc±[]a+_b°$^`eUl5jo^`¿
w`(S^`gba_+wTa^Ta+nowKe·Í³^Ia.j4[²^`gvan4e¢ahU[ysU_+n ¬ fasC^`_b°`wKe$lwKcdn4eC^Ta+[tl%_+[ ¬ nowKeCÎOpCwK_'lUn4lgbUt][tg+gbn4u`[´cd[]_ ¬ []_+g
ah_+^`eUgv[t_wKa!§^`_+lUgahU[ª^`e ¬ jz^`_Äc±wKc±[tefahUc wT#c±[t_ ¬ noe ¬ lUn4g+¿'g dqah[t__+[tj4[]uT^`efa.Ã=[tgba+nowKeg.cd^²°
_+[]g+Uj¯aÄ_+wKcah[y]wKeUgbnolU[]_h^Ta+nowKe¢w`8][tefah_+^`j-g+U\0[t_Äcd^`gbg+n4u`[}sUjz^`¿dUwKj4[tg}ͳÈU$4 ÎOpCeUwA§ s¹[]jono[OuK[]l%a+w
s0[y\_+[tgb[tefa.noeº^`joj¹gba+[tjojo^`_Äg+\U[t_bwKnolUg]pr^`eUl%ahUn4gk_+wKc¦ahU[}ÀKw`jol¢lC^²°=g+Àdw`\0[²^T¿ÃC^`gh^T_.^T]ahn¯u=n4a!°K
ÏÄU[Fe[tt[]g+g+^`_b°¢]wKeUgvah_h^Tnoefahg]pwK_©\C^`_baw`-ah[tg+[TpC^`_b[ ¬ n¯uK[te¢sf°±ahU[_+[t]w ¬ eUn¯ahn4wKedwT8'~ gÄ^Tajz^`_ ¬ [t_
^`eUlµjo^`_ ¬ [t_ c¢^TeUl5ahU[]no_Fgva^Ta+nogvahno]gn4e5twKc±\C^`_bnogbwKe$§'n4a+5w`a+U[t`
_ UsUsUj4[ªa!°=\¹[]gdÍSn4ah_h^Tt[²^TsUjo[²ÎO`
Ç
wK_bcd[]l^Ta_+[]jz^Ta+n4u`[tj4°5jowA§ _b[tlUgbUn4?a+g¢ÍSg+^²° c¼ `ÎOp
wKjoj4w;§'n4e ¬ ^gbUt][tg+gbnowKew`Äc±[t_ ¬ [t_+g]p#Ä~ g
g+wKUjol%s0[}_h^`_b[yw`_'^`sUg+[]efa^Ia.lnogba+noeUOahj¯°Ájo^`_ ¬ []_ c´u`^TjoU[]gtC !e]wKefah_+^`gbatpUahU[}ÀKc±wKeUwKj4n4a+UnoT~=gbt[]eC^`_+n4w
\U_b[tlUn4]ahg}ahU^Taªcd^`gbg+n4u`[d[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjogtp-]wKc±\Ujo[Oah[tl·^TF
a c¼
^T?ah[]_ª^%sU_+n4[]'^TeUln4ea+[teUgb[dgva^`_
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeÁ\¹[]_+now=lMpC^T_+[x[]u`wKj4u=n4e ¬ \C^`g+gbn4u`[tj4°`prnoc±\Uj4°=noe ¬ ^{twKeUgva^`efatw`cdwAu=noe ¬ eUcEs0[t_'lU[]eUg+n¯a!°K
jz^`_ ¬ [Es0wl°5w`©wKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKegygbUwA§ ahU^Ta}[tj4jono\ahnot^`jog'§©[t_+[d^`j4_+[²^Tl°$wK_bcd[]lÉ^T
a cnoe
^`s0wKaFa+U[´gh^Tcd[E\_+wK\0wK_ba+nowKe5^`gahw=lC^²°Kp
^TeUlµC^²uK[{g+n4eUt[ahU[]e«[OuKwKj¯uK[]l·\C^Tg+g+n¯uK[]j4°KyÏÄUn4gx_+[tgbUj4a+g
_+w`c gbahlUno[]gw`#a+U[EiCUelC^`c±[tefa^`j(jz^`e[`prw`#a+UN
[ c[OuKwKj4ahn4wKewT#ahU[twKj4wK_vÇjoUc±noewKg+n¯a!°Á_b[tjz^Iahnow`e
wK_ahU[E ¬ V }_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeMqFeUj4°ºc±noeUw`_[OuK[]ea+g}w`ÀK_b[tt[]efahÀ¢gba+[tj4jz^`_'wK_+cd^Ta+nowKe^`_+[ª^`joj4wA§[]l$wK_
\0[t_+U^`\UgxT w`Ä~ gtp saj4[tgbgnoeº_+n4$]joUgvah[t_bgtqFeah[w`a+U[t_.C^`eUl p0a+U[ªwKj4lU[tgva¿eUwA§'e ¬ ^`jz^I=°
nog}^Ia c¦ `É$Í .«[]ay^`j³4p8``fKÎOp
^TeUl«^¢[O§ C^²u`[±s0[t[]e·lnog+]wAuK[t_b[tl^I8
a c
xU^`gh^`_bgy^`_+[
¿eUwA§'eµ^Ta.g+n4cdn4jz^`_ cÏÄnogjo[²^²u`[tgF^±jz^`_ ¬ [ ¬ ^`\w` cÁgb\C^`][ahwd[O\Uj4wK_+[Tp0wK_ÄU_vahU[]_\U_bw ¬ _b[tg+gb[tg.noe
ah[y[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe%w` ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]pnoetjolUnoe ¬ Ä~ gt
!e¸È[tOahn4wKeʺ§©[º_b[]u=no[O§¦_+[t][tefa±\UUw`a+wKc±[]ah_bnoÁ^`eUlg+\0[tOah_bwKg+]wK\Uno¢lU^Ta^5j4[²^`lUn4e ¬ a+wµ^`e
noc±\U_bw;u`[tl±\UnoOahU_b[Äw` a+U['_h^Ta+U[t_]wKc±\Ujo[{l°=eC^`c±not^`jUgba+_+UOahU_b[.wT []jojon4\ahn4²^`j4gtM¶·['\U_+[]g+[tefasU_+n4[ U°
ah[EKZÑw`sUg+[]_buT^Tahn4wKeUg'_+wKc !efa+[ ¬ _+^`ji(no[tj4l5È=\¹[]]ah_bw ¬ _+^`\UUg§'Unoµ^T_+[y[O\¹[]]a+[tlµahwdsU_+n4e ¬ cd^ bwK_
\U_bw ¬ _+[]g+gb[tg'§'U[teºUjoj¯°^`eU^`j4°=t[]lM¶[}lUn4g+]Ug+g'ahU[}gb²^`j4noe ¬ _+[]jz^Ta+nowKegkg+U$^`gÄahU[}gbnot[!j4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°
ÍSw`_ _xwK_+c±[teUl°¹~ gÎk_b[tjz^Iahnow`e¢^`eUl¢ah[}ireUlC^`c±[tefa^Tj-jz^`eU[Tpa+U[}twKj4wK_vÇjoUc±noeUw`g+n4a!°EwK_ah[ª ¬ V _+[]jz^Ta+nowKegtp§'no^`joj¹C^²uK[ynoc±\¹wK_va^`efanoc±\C^`]a+gÄU\0wKe¢ahU[}\U_bwKsUjo[]cdgÄwT8a+U[}[]u`wKjoa+nowKe%w`Ä~g]ÏÄU[
[tc±\Un4_+not^`j [Ou=nolU[]eUt[}wK_ÈU$ Rn4g'^`jogbw{\U_+[]g+[tefa+[tl5n4eahUn4ggb[tOahnow`eM
È []]ahn4wKe»5noefa+_+w=lUUt[]gEahU[Á[]u=nolU[]eUt[¢wK_yahU[¢\_+[tgb[teU][%w`.Zx^`_+¿$^Tabah[t_ªC^`jow`g´^`_+w`UeUl
[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtp¹^`eUlµahU[]eÉg+Uc±cÁ^T_+no][tga+U[±mkZ}½ahU[]wK_b°$w`©a+U[EwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKew`©twKgbcdn4Egba+_+UOahU_b[tgtp
noetjolUnoe ¬ \U_+wTahw ¬ ^Tjz^`OahnoyC^`j4wKgtp jo[²^TlUnoe ¬ ahwÁa+U[´sUno_vahµw` ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg.a+U_+w` ¬ ¬ ^`gF]wKeU][tefah_+^Tahn4wKeMp
gba+[tj4jz^`_kwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e¢^`eUl%[t[]l!sC^T¿ahw{ahU[ ¬ ^`gÄ_bwKccd^`g+gbn4uK[}gva^`_bg.[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeM }^`g'l°=eC^`c±notg^`el
¬ ^`jo^I=°ÁwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e¢^`_+[}lUn4g+]Ug+gb[tl$n4eÈ[tOahnow`eº
!e¸È[tOahn4wKe¸p§©[%lUnogbtUgbg{lUn4̹[t_b[tefa{\¹w`\UUjz^Iahnow`eÅgb°=efahU[]g+n4gdc±wl[tjog¢ÍSg+n4e ¬ j4[O!sU_+gva{^`eUl
[]u`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°Ácdw=lU[]jogÎg+[tlahw{noefah[]_+\U_b[]aahU[}n4ea+[ ¬ _+^Tah[]l\_+wK\0[t_vahno[]g'w`#gvah[tj4jz^`_Ä\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeUg]pU^`el
ahwdlU[t_bn4u`[ªc±[²^`eºcd[Oa^`j4jon4tn4a+no[]gk^`eUl$^ ¬ []gF^Ta.lUn4̹[t_b[tefa._+[tlg+Un¯?ahgtprahUgah[]gbahn4e ¬ a+U[}wK_+cd^Tahn4wKeº^`eUl
[]u`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°{gbt[]eC^`_+n4wKgwT8'~ gtp=§'n4a+ÁahU[.U[tj4\w`Ma+U[\_+[t]nowKgtj4w¿rpeC^`c±[tj4°`pfahU
[ ¬ Tir[ 0_h^Ta+nowUp
\U_bw;u=n4lU[tlºsf°¢ahU[xah[twK_v°¢w`(gbah[]jojo^`_k[]u`wKjoahnow`eM
in4eC^`joj¯°Kp-n4eÈ[]]ahn4wKeÅ¢§©[Á§'noj4j#g+Uc±cd^`_+n4t[´ahU[d_+[]jo[]uT^`efawKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKeU^`j^`eUla+U[tw`_+[]a+not^`j
^`gb\¹[]]ahgtw`eUt[]_+eUn4e ¬ []joj4no\a+no²^Tj ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgÄlUn4g+tg+g+[]l$n4e%a+U[}\U_+[]g+[]ea.\C^`\0[t_]
2
2 2
B]7=:
@>;<J @kGKJ8B]>A:;@C<$¹>;B
¥S@UB²B²<SGK@
>8@CB²<SG(H
Jr>²J·7>²:;X
ÄÏ U[{[tgbg+[]ea+nz^`j\U^`_h^`c±[]a+[t_bgxlU[tgbt_+n4sUnoe ¬ ^ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°$^`_+[´n¯ahgFcd^`g+gy«p-n4ahg.ahw`ah^`j#jocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!°
^`eUl5^dg+n4a^TsUj4°%lU[O¾CeU[]lµÀK_h^`lnoUgbÀO'ÏÄU[EÀKeU^TahU_+^`joÀ±lU[O¾CeUn4a+nowKeºw`.n4ga+U[ªgbwT!t^`joj4[tl '0/!D1-
#?;5V "#`5!"0'#.#%$M#?;5;Opl[]¾CeU[]l_+wKc a+U['a!§w´^;n4&
g %{^`e!
l 'Äw`Ma+U[´ÍeU[²^`_bj4°{[]jojon4\ahn4²^`jzÎ
nogbwK\UUwTah[y[teU]no_+]jon4e ¬ C^`j4(ahU[}ahwTa^`j
jon ¬ fa^`(
g )Í %*']Î ,L +ÇV Ä _+[]jz^Ta+[tlºÃC^`efahn¯a!°wT#noefa+[t_+[]gbanogÄahU[
^²uK[]_h^ ¬ [´gbU_bS^Tt[´sU_bn ¬ fahe[tg+.
g -/0§'n4a+Unoe$a+U[E[OÌ []]ahn¯uK[´_+^`lUnogt}ÏÄU[EahwTa^`j8cÁ^ ¬ eUn4a+UlU[]2
g 1438pMnoe
wKeU[}wK_ka+U[}w`ah[t_'w`8ahU[}UgbC^`j-\C^`gbgvÇsC^`eUlUg]p0^`_+[}g+sUgba+n4ahah[xahw´ah[yj4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a!°`
Uw`a+wKcd[Oah_bno'cd[t^`g+_+[tc±[tefa+geU[][tlÁa+wªs0[tw`_+_+[]]a+[tlÁwK_[O=a+noeUOahnow`edsf°{ahU[.noefah[]_+gvah[tj4jz^`_ºnojo¿f°
¶^A°Écd^Ta+[t_+no^`jÆ{ÏÄU[dtwK_b_+[]]ahn4wKeUgyC^²uK[djowKe ¬ s0[t[]eÅlU[t_bn4u`[tl·_bwKcahS
[ bFjon4eU[´wK\a+no²^TjlU[t\a+M
.[O§WlUUgva[=ahnoe]ahn4wKe%cÁ^T\Ug'C^²uK[ª_b[t][tefahj¯°%s¹[][teº\U_+w=lUU][tl_bwKc S^`\_ g+^Tah[]jojon¯ah[FlU^Ta^ÍÆÈjo[ ¬ [tj
[]ay^TjƱ AKM LfÎEÈ=wT!t^`joj4[t9
l _!]wK_+_b[tOahnow`eUgx^`_b[´eU[t[]lU[tlÉahwah^`¿`[{²^T_+[´w`ah[´C^`e ¬ []g}w`©a+U[E¾Cj¯ah[t_
\C^`gbgvÇsC^`eUlÉnoeahU[´_b[tgba}gb\¹[]]a+_+Uc w`ahU[E_b[tlÇg+Un¯?ah[]l«w`s b[tOahgtªmwKgbcdwKj4w ¬ n4²^`j
tw`_+_+[]]a+nowKeUgC^²uK[
ahwºs0[dn4ea+_+w=lUU][tln4e«a+U[±gbahl°«w`klUn4gbah^`efa ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gtp
s0[ ¬ n4eUeUnoe ¬ §'n¯ah5
-/0x§'Uno·lU[t]_+[²^Tg+[tg
^`gÁÍv( 6 cf8Î 7;%iCwK_xah[dgbwT!t^`joj4[tl ¬ nz^`efa^`eUl·noefah[]_+c±[tlUno^Tah[{[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4g.a+_+[²^Iah[tl·U[t_b[`p#w`_+lU[]_+gªwT
cd^ ¬ eUn¯ahUlU[^`_+[vK La+w L w`9_ 143noe% jon ¬ fa²pKa+w¢ K y¿=\0FwK_ ]pU;
:É A=)L <'> =$ahw¢ ;
:É ²" ?
> =Éw`_' ÍSn4eº j4n ¬ faÎ^`eUl$@
: A=LSV'ahw% A" ?A
=µwK_·
ZFnogva^`et[tgy^`_b[{eU[t[]lU[tlw`_}a+U[{\Uf°=g+not^`jnoefah[]_+\U_b[]ah^Tahn4wKeÉw`k\Uw`ahwKc±[]a+_+n4´lC^Ta^mj4Ugba+[t_+g
\U_bw;u=n4lU[E\U_b[ttn4wKUgF]wKjoj4[tOahnow`eUg.wT ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg^Taa+U[Egh^Tcd[Elnogbah^`eU][``
!eµ_+[]t[]eax°`[²^`_bgFah_b[tc±[teUlUw`Ug
\U_bw ¬ _+[]g+gb[tgU^Au`[s0[t[]e$cd^`lU[}noe%ah[y[OuT^`joC^Iahnow`eºwT(a+U[lnogbah^`eU][tgw`Ä~ gtpC§'n4a+ºa+U[ªiCUelC^`c±[tefa^`j
jz^`e[$Íg+[][È[]]a+nowKefÎF^`eUlÉahU[{ah[]UeUn4Ã=[dw`ÄÈU_vS^`t[±_bn ¬ fahe[tg+gij4U]a+C^Tahn4wKeUg±ÍÏ(wKe_b°ÉÐ
ÈUe[tnol[t_tp AM LML =Ï8wKeU_b°d[]ak^`jƯp`K ;Î#ÏÄU[F_b[tgbUj4a+gkw`
s0w`ahc±[]a+Uw=l^`_b[tw`cd\C^T_+[tlÁs°jz^T¿`[tgbjo[][
[]a.^`j³'ÍÆTK ;Î
Ça.C^`gjowKe ¬ s0[t[]e5¿eUwA§'e$ahC^Iaa+U[y[tg+gb[tefahno^`j ¬ jowKsU^`jM\UUwTahwKc±[]a+_+no}\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_+g]prnÆ [`&
143É^`eUl
ªÍSwK(
_ 1 +Î.^`_b[ªnoefa+[t_+]wK_+_b[tjo^Tah[]lDÍ _xwK_bcd[]eUl°« Af` MºnoC^`_blÅ AfTfÎOprg+ ¬K¬ [tgvahn4e ¬ g+w`cd[gba^TeUlC^`_bl
lU[]g+n ¬ eÅw`Äah[tg+[¢gv°=gbah[]cdg]µÏÄU[¢eC^`c±[±w`';À _xwK_+c±[tel°_b[tjo^Tahn4wKeUÀº_+[t][tefahj¯°Å^T\U\¹[t^`_+[]lnoe«ahU[
jon¯ah[]_h^Ta+U_+[TxÏÄUnogxÃU[]gbahn4wKeÉC^`gxs0[t[]e«_b[]u=nogbn4a+[tlµsf°Émk^`\U^`t]nowKj4n([Oay^`jÆdÍv ²KfKÎxÏÄU[tgb[dgva^Ta+nogba+no]g
tj4[²^`_bj4°ÁnoeUlUn4²^Ta+[ahU^Ta'l§^`_b[tjoj4no\a+not^`jogFÍSlCÎÄ^`_+[xew`agbah_bU]a+U_h^Tjoj4°dg+n4cdn4jz^`_ahw{eUwK_bcÁ^Tj-Ä
ÏÄU[gbahl°ºw`#ah[_+^`lUnz^Tj-g+U_vS^`t[!sU_bn ¬ fahe[tg+g.\U_+wT¾Cjo[]g.w`# ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gn4g'w` ¬ _b[²^Ta.noefa+[t_+[]gba.wK_
^ÁlUn4g+]Ug+gbnowKe5wT#ahU[]no_[]u`wKjoa+nowKe p¹s0[tt^`Ug+[ªn4a.g+UwA§'gF_+^TahU[]_gbU_+\U_bnogbnoe ¬ _+[ ¬ Ujz^`_bn4a+no[tg]pC§'Uno5U^Au`[
s0[t[te«¿eUwA§'e·wK_xU^`j4^¢t[tefa+U_b°ÍSl[{Ë^TUtwKjo[t_+g{ A`;
LKÎOEÏÄU[±nogbwK\UUwTa^`j#gbU_bS^Tt[OÇsU_+n ¬ faheU[]g+g
Í KÎÍSnoeµcd^ ¬ en4ahlU[AÎÄwKjoj4w;§'g.tj4wKg+[]j4°ºahU[´jo^A§ )Í `Î Í bÎ 6 LfK Í +Îh,L + 7Æp-t^`joj4[tl5l[
Ë^`U]wKUj4[tU_bgt~Mjo^A§}p
^TeUlµahUn4gFnoeÉ^¢jz^T_ ¬ [_h^`e ¬ [´w` )Í `ÎOpMc±wK_b[ªahC^TeÊ ²%cd^ ¬ en4ahlU[tgx^Tttw`_+lUn4e ¬
ahw¢l[{Ë^TUtwKjo[t_+g}Ð mk^`\C^`]tnow`jonÄÍ Af`KÎOy g+Usgbahn¯aha+[´ahwah[´lU[´Ë^`Utw`Ujo[]U_+g]~Mjz^²§}pMsUa}w`
gba+_h^`n ¬ fa+wK_v§k^T_+l5ah[twK_b[]ahn4²^`j(g+n ¬ eUn4¾U²^`eU][`p-C^Tgxs¹[][te ¬ n4u`[teÉsf9
° [t_+eÃ=nogbadÍ AKKKÎOÈ=°=gba+[tcd^Tahn4
lU[Ouno^Tahn4wKeUgk_bwKc ah[yl[yË^`twKUj4[tU_bg'jz^²§*U^Au`[ªs0[t[]eeUwTah[tl _xwK_bcd[]eUl°«Í AfKKÎn4efah_+w=lUU][tl%ahU[
tw`eUt[]\aFw`À`ahn4lC^`jMU^`jowKgbÀÁ^T_+wKUeljo^`_ ¬ [x[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog©§'n¯ahtjow`g+[}eU[tn ¬ s¹w`_+gtp0^{\C^`_+^`lUw²no²^TjM[²^Ta+U_+[
w`8_bn ¬ fa+[tgba'mjoUgvah[t_º[tcEs0[t_bgyÍSwK_©²Z ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tghÎO ÇakC^`gks0[t[]e^Tjog+wª¿=ew;§'e¢a+C^Ta ¬ nz^`efak[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog
w`?a+[teÉC^²uK[d^`eÉ[teUU^`eUt[]l[]eu`[tj4wK\¹[±^`s0wAuK[´ah@
[ ,L + 7jz^²§ u`^TjonolwK_FahU[]no_xn4eUeU[t_x_b[ ¬ n4wKeUg]{Ècd^`joj
[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtp0g+[t[]cdn4e ¬ j¯°5gh^Iah[tj4jon¯ah[tg.ahw%cEUÉjz^T_ ¬ []_xeU[tn ¬ s¹wK_bgtp-gbUwA§ )Í `Î.\U_bw`¾Cj4[tg}À`ah_bUeUt^Tah[]lUÀ
wKa!§^`_blUg.s0[tj4wA§*ah[yjo^²§*uT^`jon4lwK_kah[tno_Än4eUeU[]__b[ ¬ n4wKeUg].j4a+w ¬ []a+U[t_ka+U[ylU[]u=nz^Iahnow`eUgk_+wKc ahU[}lU[
Ë^`U]wKUj4[tU_bgjo^²§*]wK_+_b[tjz^Iah[F§'n4a+%joUc±noeUw`g+n4a+no[]gt
ÏÄU[]g+[ªl[]u=nz^Ta+nowKegÄC^²uK[y\U_+wKc±\a+[tl^{gb[²^`_bwK_'w`a+U[t_'_b[t\U_b[tg+[]efa^Ta+nowKeUgw`8ahU[ Í KÎ\_+w`¾Cj4[tg]
¨_+[Ou=no[]§ÑnogxlU[{a+wºmk^`\U\C^Tttn4wKjonÄÍv AM LLfÎOEÈ=°=gbah[]cÁ^Iahno´l[]u=nz^Ta+nowKeg_+wKc ahU
[ ,L + 7 jo^²§Âcd^²°5s0[
jo[]g+gb[teU[]l$sf°%_+[]\Ujz^`]noe ¬ a+U[{ T
{[O\0wKeU[]ea.sf°µ ]¸Í³È [t _bg+no{ A`M LfΧ'n¯ah)
]µs¹[Oa!§[][teÅ dÍS[\¹wKe[tefahno^`j
\U_bw`¾Cjo[²ÎÄ^`eUlºU\a+w A{wK_'c±wK_+[T©.\U\Ujon4²^Ta+nowKegÄw`È [] _+gbno`~ g'wK_+cEjz^E²^Te$s0[ywKeUln4e5mk^TwKe[OaF^TjÆ
Ív ²KKfÎg[O\¹[]]a+[tlMpCah[_b[tg+n4lUC^`j4g'^`_+[}gvah_+w`e ¬ j4°Á_+[]lUUt[]l5sf°%^`lUlnoe ¬ wKeU[}c±wK_+[F_b[t[y\C^`_+^`cd[Oah[]_
noe%ah[y¾Ua UkÏÄU[]_+[ªn4g.gbwKc±[y]wK_+_b[tjo^Tahn4wKe%s¹[Oa!§[][te5ah[wK\ahnocd^`j# ]«uT^`j4U[tg^`elah[j4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°wT
ah[ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgt
!egbUc±cÁ^`_v°Kp-ah
[ f,L + 7Ejo^²§ nogy^%_+[]cÁ^`_b¿I^`sUjo[´\_+wK\0[t_va!°Éw``
Q/"2 5[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtpMsUaw`eU[
²^TeUeUw`a´[\¹[]]a{ahU[]g+[¢\U_bwlU]a+g´w`.^Ta+U_+[Áa+wµtwKc±\Uj¯°_bn ¬ n4lUj4°5§'n¯ahÅa+U[¢_+Uj4[ U·È=°=gba+[tcd^Tahn4
lU[Ouno^Tahn4wKeUg[Onogva²pUe]ahn4wKeÅw`Äa+U[Áj4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a!°`$-w=²^`j\¹[]_ba+U_+sC^Iahnow`eUgªcd^²°·_b[tgbUj4a_+wKcah[
\U_b[tg+[]eUt[w`([tcEs0[tlUl[tlºlUnogb¿=gnoe¢a+U[}lUwKc±noeC^`efa f,L + 7.g+\UU[]_+wKn4lM
u`^T_+no[Oa!°Éw` Í KÎF\U_bw`¾Cj4[tgE^T_+[±\U_+[]g+[tefa+[tlnoein ¬ U_+[±¢ÏÄU[O°«C^²uK[s0[t[]eÅwKsah^`noeU[]lsf°
c±[t_ ¬ noe ¬ FÈÏ ÍUn ¬ $_+[tgbwKjoahnow`erÎÄ^`eUl ¬ _bwKUeUl5sU^`g+[]lÊÍSjowA§W_b[tgbwKjoa+nowKeCÎ'lC^Ia^FÈnoeU][a+U[EUwKgb[te
`^ sUgbtn4g+gh^T[gb²^`j4[yn4gyÍ) bÎ L,+ 7 pU§'[t_+[;kn4g'a+U[}cd[t^`g+_+[tlºlU[}Ë^`U]wKUjo[]U_+g]~C_h^`lnoUg]pUahU[ ¬ _+^`\UUgÄwK_
uT^`_+n4wKUg ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g'w`jojowA§'n4e ¬ ahU[.fL,+ 7Fjz^²§ §wKjol$s0[y\C^`_h^Tjojo[]jMgba+_h^`n ¬ fajonoe[tgtkqFeU[t^`e5^T\U\U_+[]tno^Tah[
_+w`cin ¬ U_+[{¢ahU[±_+w`sUUgba+eU[tgbgªw`©ahUn4g}jz^²§¨^`el«a+U[dn4cd\0wK_va^`eU][Ew`©ahU[±lU[]u=no^Tahn4wKeUgx_+wKc®n4a²
ÏÄU[]g+[^`_+[}\C^`_vahn4tUjo^`_+j¯°dew`ahn4t[²^TsUjo[Fa+w;§^`_blUga+U[}t[]ea+[t_ªÍSgb[t[}s¹[]jowA§.ÎO
2 2
¥Jr:;7$@86
JE7:@
(G
7=<
n4[]a+wº[OaE^TjÆÍv A` ;ÎF^`j4_+[²^Tl°µ\U_bwK\¹w`g+[tlÉahwºg+w`_bawKaÄ~gynoefahw¢a!§©w$gbUs¹]jz^`gbg+[]gE^`]twK_blUnoe ¬
.
ahwdahU[]no_][tefah_+^`j\Uw`ahw`cd[Oah_+n4\_+w`¾Cj4[tg@Jw`eU[ ¬ _bwKU\5U^`gF_+[]jz^Ta+n4u`[tj4° C^Tax^`elµsU_+wf^Tl 0'"#%'Op¹[t^`g+n4j4°
_+[]g+wKj¯uK[]l$_+wKc Un ¬ º_+[]g+wKj4ahn4wKe ¬ _+wKeUl$sC^Tg+[tlwKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKegtÄÏÄU[yw`ah[t_lUnogb\Ujz^²°=g.gbC^`_b\$\0[²^`¿T[tl
\U_bw`¾Cjo[]gtp(_+[tcd^`n4eUnoe ¬ Ue_+[tgbwKj4u`[tlUelU[t_yahU[dgh^`c±[d]wKeUlUn¯ahn4wKeUgtS
!eahU[±¾C_+gva ¬ _bwKU\·wKeU[{¾CeUlUg
Q#K6E"! QP'0/!1'w`ah
[ YKZT tjo^`g+g´ÍSwKb_ []MÎ'§'Un4jo[}ahU[ªg+[t]wKeUlµ]wKefa^`n4eUg.a+U[ªS^`n4ea+[t_ W;XÇ wKs b[tOahg]p
\Uj4Ug}^ÁuT^`_+n4[]a!°5wT3
"! Q#K6E"! YKZI'-ÏÄ[tg+[{¾CeUlnoe ¬ gxU^Au`[{s¹[][te·^`cd\j4°ºtwKe¾C_+c±[tl«sf°$ah
[ ÈÏ
wKsUgb[t_vu`^Iahnow`eUgtp^`jo_b[²^`l°Én4en¯ahg}\¹w`gbabÇjz^`eUUnoe ¬ gva^Ta+[µ
Í K^IÌ [d[]aª^`jƵ A``O
^`U[]_[Oa´^`j³5 AKK ir^`s0[t_}[]aE^`jÆ5 ²KfKÎp(^TeUljo^Tah[]_ª^T?a+[t_}noegba^Tjojz^Iahnow`eµw`a+U[Á]wK_+_b[t]a+noe ¬ gb°=gba+[tc ÍÆmk^`_bwKjoj4w¢[]aE^`jÆ
AKK`^p8 AKfTs p '[tgvax[]a}^TjÆxTK ;ÎÏÄU[ªa+[t_bcdn4eUwKjow ¬ °¢w`ÀK]wK_+[!j4no¿`[]À^`elµÀK\¹wA§©[t_!jz^²§'À\_+w`¾Cj4[tg
_+[]g+\0[tOahn4u`[tj¯°Å^`_b[¢^`lUw`\ah[]lU[t_b[Á_+wKc
^`U[]_E[]aE^`jÆÅÍv A`fKÎOÏÄU[ ÈÏ\U_+w`¾Ujo[tgªC^²uK[s0[t[]e
lU[]g+t_bnos0[tlºsf°º^`eº^`lw}^`eU^`j4°ahn4²^`j¹jz^²§ÍÀf.¿`[t_'jo^A§'ÀfΩ§'n4ah%eUw±jo[]g+gÄahU^`e{\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_+gyÍS©°=Ue
[]aF^`jÆy AK`fÎO.ÏÄU[]°C^²uK[´s0[t[]e5lU[OÇ\U_+w b[t]a+[tlµahw ¬ n4u`[ah[ªtw`_+_+[]g+\0wKeUlUn4e ¬ lU[]eUg+n¯a!°$\_+w`¾Cj4[t@g J'a+U[
lUn4gbahn4eU]a+nowKeÉs0[]a!§©[t[]eÅahU[{a!§wºa!°=\¹[]gªnogy[tc±\UC^Tg+no][tl«sf°«a+U[±lU[OÇ\U_+"w b[]]a+nowKe Í x[tsUC^T_+lay[]aª^`j³
AK`fÎO
!ein ¬ _+[}pUa+U[ya!§©wÁ]jz^`gbg+[]g.w`(t[]efah_h^Tj8\_+w`¾Cj4[tg^`_b[ylw]Ucd[]efah[tlnoe¢ah[Í +Îh,L + 7Fgv°gvah[]cdg
w`©^`sUgbtn4g+gh^T[`ªÏÄ[´lUn4̹[t_b[teU][tg}^`_b[´gbah_bno¿noe ¬ Ja+U[EÀK\0wA§[]_vÇjz^²§'À¢\U_+wT¾Cjo[]gx^`_+[´]Ug+\0[tl·^`s0wAuK[Eah[
f,L + 7jo^A§}p§'Unoj4[FahU[}ÀK]wK_+[!jon4¿`[]À´\U_+w`¾Ujo[tg'\U_b[tgb[tefaF^´ah_bUeUt^Tah[]l f,L + 7jo^²§}
ÏÄU[´]wK_+_b[tjz^Iahnow`eUg.s0[]a!§©[t[]e«a+U[ªa!§©w%tjz^Tg+g+[]gxw`eUtj4[tn^`eUlµw`a+U[t_ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg\_+wK\0[t_vahno[]g{ÍSn³[T
jocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!°KpUlnog+¿f° Ts0w²°=eU[]g+g}^`el5_+w`ah^Tahn4wKe¢uK[]jow=tn4a!°Î'^`eUlºahU[]no_wK_+n ¬ noeUg'^T_+[ylUnogbtUgbg+[tlµsf°ir^`s0[t_
[]a^`j³yÍv AKKKÎO'ºwKgba[O\Ujz^TeC^Tahn4wKeUg'w`#a+U[a!§©wÁ¿n4eUl5w`\U_+w`¾Ujo[tgnoefu`wK¿`[E][tefah_+^`j8sUjz^`¿KÇUwKjo[]gEÍg+[][
È[]]a²= KÎÈnoj¯uT^ж nogb[´Í AKKfÎ\U_bwK\¹w`g+[tl¢w;§©[]u`[t_]pUahC^TatwK_b[OÇjono¿T[eU]jo[tn0tw`Ujols0[FÀ C^Ta+a+[teU[]lUÀ
sf°5^±t[]ea+_h^`j(twKet[tefa+_h^Ta+nowKe5wTlUUgbatÏÄUn4ggbUwKUj4l5\U_+w=lUU][E^Ágvah_bwKe ¬ cd^InocEcw`_+[]lUlU[]eUnoe ¬ p
§'Un4nog©eUw`a©\U_+[]g+[tefaͳmk^`_+wKj4jowy[]ak^`jÆ© AKf`^ Un4C^`_bl5 AKM LTAÎOT Çaknog_h^IahU[]_©ah[\0w;§©[t_!jo^A§ eU]jo[]n
§'Un4gbUwA§R^´t[tefa+_h^`j-_b[tlº\¹[t^`¿rpCw`eUt[]_ba^TnoeºwK_+n ¬ noe J(lUUgva.]wKeU][tefah_+^Tahn4wKeMpCwK_ÄgbC^`_+\ºc±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯a!°
noet_+[t^`g+[]g.w`_Äs¹w`a+M
ew`ahU[]_n4ea+[t_b[tgba+noe ¬ [²^Ta+U_+[lUnogbtj4wKg+[]l$sf° ÈÏWnocd^ ¬ []g'nog'ahU[\U_+[]g+[tet[Ew`^`e5UeU_b[tgbwKj4u`[tl
g+\no¿`[^TaÄa+U[}t[tefa+[t_w`(a+U[}À r^Ta+Àd]wK_+[]g'w`gb[]u`[t_h^TjkÍsUaeUw`a^`j4Ij U Î ¬ nz^TeaÄ~ gͳiCwK_+s0[tg'[Oa^TjÆÄ AKK wA§©[t_[]a.^`jÆ AKf UwA§[]_y ²KKfÎ
L
2M2
$<$87*@>A<³GfBªJ
0@ S@ -<S7=B
SJ 8@8@U:;@7f>A7:IB
eµn4cd\0wK_va^`efa._+[]u=n4[]§Â\C^`\0[t_FwKe5a+U[EÀK¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4²^`j
\U_bwK\0[t_ba+no[]gFw`[²^`_bj4°fÇa!°=\0[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g+ÀÁn4g
^²uT^`nojo^`sUjo[ÁÍÆmk^T\C^`t]nowKj4nЦ-wKe ¬ w$ AK`
Îp ¬ n¯un4e ¬ \_+[t]nowKgxlU[]ah^`noj4gF^`s0wKa.ahU[´_b[tjz^Iahnow`eUgs0[]a!§©[t[]e
ah[wKsg+[t_vuT^`sUjo[yÃC^`efahn¯ahn4[tg.^`eUla+U[^`]a+C^`j
¿noeU[]cÁ^Ta+no]gwT#tw`cd\Uj4[OºUe_+[tgbwKj4u`[tl5gvah[]jojz^T_Ägb°=gba+[tc±gtp
^`eUlº^`j4g+w´lUn4g+]Ug+gbnoe ¬ ahU[xc±[]a+Uw=lUgÄw`(lC^Ta^´^TeC^`j4°=gbnogtÏÄ[y[]cd[]_ ¬ []efa'g+\0[t]a+_+Uc n4gah[ygbUcw`8ah[
g+\0[tOah_+^Áw`ah[ªgbah^`_+g^`jow`e ¬ a+U[ªj4noeU[!w`zÇg+n ¬ a J©n¯acÁ^²°ºs¹[ª^`\U\U_bw²n4cÁ^Iah[tlsf°a+U[ª]wKefuKwKj4ahn4wKe$w`
ah[gb\¹[]]ah_bUc¼w`^{gbah^`_AÍgÎp0gbwÁgb[tjo[]]a+[tlµ^`gÄa+wÁ_+[]\U_+[]g+[]ea.ahU[ylUwKc±noeU^`efa'\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe·Ínoe¢ah[]_+c±g.w`
jon ¬ faw`ah\UaÎOp¹sf°a+U[Ejon4eU[OÇw`z!gbn ¬ fa'uK[]jow=tn¯a!°lnogba+_+n4sUahn4wKeͳ8q}È=ËxZ}ιÏÄU[´\_+wKsUj4[tc¼nogahU[]e5ahw
_+[]twAuK[]_FahU[ª8qyÈËxZ¨^`eUlahw]wKcd\U^`_+[yn4a§'n4a+$ahU[ªwKeU[ªwTg+Un¯a^`sUj4[\°=gbno²^Tjc±wlU[]jogw` ¬ ^Tjz^I=°
gba+_+UOahU_b[ª^TeUll°eU^`cdn4tg]
'[t\U_b[tg+[]efahnoe ¬ ahU[¢8q}È=ËFZs°Å^ }^`Ug+gbnz^`e p#wKeU[w`sa^`n4eUgªn¯ahgy§'nola+Mp#noefa+[t_+\_+[]a+[tl»^`gE^
À`u`[tjow=tn¯a!°lUn4g+\0[t_bg+now`eUÀ TpU^`eUlºn4ahgÄ\0wKgbn4ahn4wKen4e%§^²uK[]jo[te ¬ ahMpC§'Un4_b[tgbUj4a+g'_bwKc a+U[}jon4eU[OÇw`z!gbn ¬ fa
uK[]jow=tn¯a!°w`8ahU[ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°¢^Tg'^{§'Uw`jo[`p\UjoUgÄj4wt^`j¹u`[tj4w]n4ahn4[tg]pU[]u`[tefahC^Tjoj4°twKeUgbnogvah[tefa'§'n4a+º^±_bw`a^Ta+nowKe
w`-a+U[FwKs b[]]at[]t[tefa+j4°KpahU[._+[t\_+[tgb[tefa^Iahnow`e¢w`-ahU[F(q}È=ËFZsf°Ác±wK_+[ahC^TeÁa!§w´\U^`_h^`c±[]a+[t_bg
s0[t²^Tcd[y[²^`gbnosUj4[ywK_.wKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKegw`n4cd\U_bwAuK[tlµÈ `Â_+^Tahn4Ow Ja!§©
w y^TUg+g+ .[]_+c±n4a+[yUe]ahn4wKeUg Y
^`eUl 7 w`wK_blU[t_.Á^TeUl$
Á^`_+[ª^`lUlU[]lahw±ahU[ y^TUg+gbnz^`eÅÍuT^`e$l[t_x^`_+[]j(ШiC_+^`e« AK` ©[teUlU[]_
[]a.^`j³k AKT
ÎOÏÄU[xa+[t_+c noe Y lU[]g+]_+nos0[tg.^`eº^`gv°c±c±[]ah_v°¢w`8ahU[y8q}È=ËxZEp[O\¹[]]a+[tlw`_ÄnoeUgva^`eU][
n4©a!§wtwKc±\0wKeU[tefa+gy§'n¯ahln4̹[t_+[]efau`[tjow=tn¯ahn4[tg}^`_b[dgbU\¹[]_+\0wKg+[]l^`j4wKe ¬ ahU[±jon4eU[OÇw`z!gbn ¬ fa²{ÏÄU[
ah[]_+c¼noe 7 gbC^`_+\0[tegwK_ r^Tabah[teg.ah[ª8q}È=ËxZÑ^ ¬ ^`n4eUgba'ah@
[ }^`Ug+gbnz^`e kÏÄU[tn4_.]wKc±\C^`_+n4g+wKe%§'n4a+
ah[ª²^Tjotjz^Ta+[tl$\U^`_h^`c±[]a+[t_bg_bwKc¼l°=eC^`c±no²^Tj8c±w=lU[tj4g_b[tn4ewK_+][ªgbn ¬ eUn¯¾C²^Tea+j4°a+U[ªw`sUg+[]_buT^Tahn4wKeC^`j
tw`eUgba+_h^`n4ea+g'wKe¢ahU[xah[twK_v°%w` ¬ ^`jz^I=°Ágbah_bU]a+U_+[]gt
mjz^Tg+g+n4²^`j _+[tgbUj4a+g'cÁ^²°¢s0[xg+Uc±cd^`_+n4t[tlº^`gÄwKj4jowA§'gJ
^fÎEÏÄU[t[tefa+_h^`jÄuK[]jow=tn¯a!°»lUnogb\¹[]_+g+n4wKeUg±w`xÄ~ gÁ^T_+[º_h^Ta+U[t_{§[]jojÄ]wK_+_b[tjz^Iah[tlʧ'n4a+Êa+U[tn4_
jocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!° J#ahUn4gn4gÄahU[yir^`s0[t_v K^`¿g+wKe_+[]jz^Ta+nowKe¢§'Un4\U_bwAun4lU[tlºahU[}¾C_bgba._+[tj4nz^`sjo[F[]gbahn4cÁ^IahwK_Äw`
ah[j4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a+no[tg(^`eUl±lUn4gba^TeUt[]gwT¹a+U[tgb[w`s b[tOahgͳir^`s0[t_Ð K^T¿=gbwKe$ ²f`fÎ Çanogew;§g+U\0[t_bg+[]lU[tl
sf°¢ahU[yiCUeUlU^`cd[]efa^`j
jz^TeU[dÍSg+[][EÈ=[t]atp¹ KÎOpCw`8§'Unon4a'n4g'^±\U_b"w b[tOahn4wKeMÏÄU[yt[tefa+_h^`j-uT^`jo[tg'w`
}^`_b[xw`?ah[]eg+[tl$^`g'g+Usgbahn¯aha+[xwK_kahU[}cd^`g+gÄwTÄ~g]
srÎk ¬ ^`noe%_+wTa^Ta+nowKeUg'^T_+[}¿eUwA§WwK_ÄcÁ^Te°¢ tjz^Tg+g+n¯¾C[tlºwKs b[]]a+g^`j¯ahUw` ¬ %cEUjo[tgbgÄahC^`eºwK_
ah[ ª\C^`_+^`cd[Oah[]_tª¶ U[]e·[=ah[telUnoe ¬ noeÉ^¢jo^`_ ¬ [ª[teUwK ¬ ·_+^`e ¬ [´wT =pMah[±_bw`a^Iahnow`e5uK[tj4w]n4a+no[tg
_+[t^`·^\Ujz^Ta+[²^` p-^`eUlÉÀ r^IahÀ¢tn4_+]Ujz^`_uK[]jow=tn4a+no[]gFcÁ^²°s¹[´l[t_+n¯uK[]l$Í _x_+wKeC^²§'n¯a+ah[]_x[]a}^Tjƪ`KKfÎ
'[tt[]efax§wK_b¿$lU[t^`jon4e ¬ p0§'n4ah5^gba^Iahnogvahn4²^`j4j4°%g+n ¬ eUn¯¾C²^`efae=cEs¹[]_xw`[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtp0^`eUlµ]wKefa^`n4eUnoe ¬
_+wTa^Ta+nowKeº^`g'§[]joj(^`g < lC^Ta^{C^²uK[ªs¹[][te$\UsUjon4g+U[]l$sf°[telU[t_.[]a^`jÆ}Í AK`
fÎOp0È]wlU[ ¬K¬ n4wd[OaF^`j³
Ív ²KM LfÎxÍS^`noc±[tlº^Ta'ah[ygvahUl°wT(a+U[ªi©Îp0[tjo[t_va[]a^`jÆ.ÍÆTKKfÎxͳmwKcÁ^´]joUgvah[t_hÎO !e$^{g+[]_+no[]g.wT
\C^`\0[t_bgtprÈ=noc±no[teÁ^`eUl%_+ ¬ eUno[]jÍ AKfxahw±`KKKÎ[a+[teUl[tl%¿noeU[]cÁ^Ta+no.lC^Ta^yahwES^`n4eak¸^TeUl¢lC ÍSg+[][
^`j4g+w ^`j4jon4lC^²°d[Oa.^`jÆTK ;Î
Ci wKjoj4wA§'noe ¬ noeeU[]° Ív AKLfÎOp(ahU[¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4tgyw`.^ ¬ ^`jo^I=°«nogª_bwK ¬ j4°«lU[tgbt_bnos0[tl»sf°ah[
^`eUn4g+w`a+_+wK\f°·\C^`_+^`cd[Oah[]_¢Í ÄÎ Í ÄÎ AÍ Î]µÏÄU[]_+[ ÂnogyahU[¢c±[²^`e·uK[tj4w]n4a!°
lUn4g+\0[t_+gbnowKeº§'n4a+Unoe KÁ^`eUl.ah[ªc±[²^`e5[]joj4no\a+notn¯a!°K©ÏÄUnog ¬ n4u`[tg.a+U[ª_+^Tahn4w5Í kÎ'eUw`_+cd^`jon4t[tl
ahwn4a+gyuT^`j4U[±w`_ª^`ewKsUjz^Iah[{g+\U[t_+w`nolÅw`k[tjoj4no\a+no]n4a!
° yg+U\\¹wK_vah[]ls°«_bw`a^Ta+nowKe ¢ÏÄU[gba+_+n4¿=n4e ¬
tw`_+_+[]jz^Ta+nowKegÄw`'Í kΧ'n¯aha+U[ycdwK_b\UUwKj4w ¬ n4²^`j0g+Us0tjo^`g+g]p¹n³[T4 W;XÇÄp YKZTÄp []MÄp0^`_+[}lU[]g+t_bnos0[tl
sf°%[]eUlU[t_ªÍv ²KfKÎwK_Än4e¢ahU[}_+[Ou=no[]§*sf°¢lU
[ [t[]§WÐ iC_h^`eÉÍv A` ;ÎO
ÏÄU[¿=n4eU[tcd^Ta+notgw`#a+U[ªgvah[]jojz^T_\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe%C^²uK[ªs¹[][te5[a+[teUl[tl5ahwdjz^`_ ¬ [y_h^`lUno^`j-lUn4gba^TeUt[]g
wK_^dg+cd^`j4j8eUcªs¹[]_Fw`wKVs b[t]a+g}^`eUl5c±[²^Tg+U_b[tc±[tefahgFw`ahgbnolU[yahU[E '_+wKefahn4[t_C^²uK[´s0[t[]eµcÁ^`l[
sf°mk^`_+w`jojow±Ð Zx^TeUtn ¬ [t_Ív ²K`
Îp }[]_+C^T_+l$[Oa.^`jÆÍv A`M LfÎOp _x_bwKeC^²§'n4abah[t_'[OaF^`j³Fͳ`KKKÎk^`eUlµÈ^ ¬ jono^
[]a.^`j³'ÍÆTKKK^fÎ
2
2
£8: 8:T<SB²<$
-<$87*@>A<³GK@
8:IJ 7:A>;<7B
f^ ÎÄn4eUwK_'^In4g_bw`a^Iahnow`e
.?a+[t_a+U[ÄlUn4g+twAu`[t_b°ªnoeEa+U[kg+[OuK[]ea+no[]g©w`Ca+U[Äg+_+\U_bnog+n4e ¬ j¯°gbjowA§Ê_+w`ah^Tahn4wKeªwT¹gb[]u`[t_h^TjU[tj4jono\ahnot^`jog]p
ah[d[]n ¬ fahn4[tg}sU_bwK ¬ fa}a!§wlU[]u`[tj4wK\Uc±[tefahg}§'Uw$cd^`lU[{[OuK[t_cdw`_+[´ÀK[]n4a+noe ¬ À¢a+U[d¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4tg]p
U[]eUt[Áa+U[±l°=eC^`c±notg]pw`kg+UwKVs b[t]a+gtºÏÄU[d¾U_+gba§k^Tgah[ÁlU[Oah[tOahn4wKeÅw`k^jz^T_ ¬ [±_+w`ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j
uK[]jow=tn¯a!°^`j4wKe ¬ a+U
[ R1 "#8P>M©w`(2
ym
` ±ÍSiC_h^`eÐ !jojon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+5 AM LL UZx^²u=no[]g'ÐÂn4_+¿noeg+C^²§
AM LLfÎOpCn4eUgba+[²^`lºw`#a+U[g+C^`j
cd^ bwK_'^In4g._bw`a^Ta+nowKe%w`lUnogb¿g.wK_'wKsjz^Ta+[ygb\UU[]_+wKn4lUgt'qa+U[t_²^`gb[tg.w`
¿noeU[]cÁ^Iahnot^`j0cdn4gh^`j4n ¬ eUc±[tefa+g©§©[t_+[}gbwwKe¢wKeUlº^`eUl%noefah[]_+\U_b[]a+[tl^`g'^Eg+U_b[}[]u=nolU[]eUt[yw`
ah_bnz^Ino^`jon¯a!°
w`#a+U[ªgv°=gbah[]cdg]. lUn4g+tg+g+n4wKe5w`ahU[}ahU[]eµ^²uT^`nojo^`sUjo[xlU^Ta^±noglUU[a+wiC_h^Teº[]aF^`jÆ}Í AK AÎOÄÏÄU[
c±nogh^Tjon ¬ eUcd[]efa^`e ¬ jo[ nogl[]¾CeU[]l¢^`ga^T
e pf§'U[t_b[ ª^TeUl F^`_+[Äah[.^T\U\C^`_b[tefa
uK[]jow=tn¯ahno[]g^`jowKe ¬ a+U[a!§©w^;n4gt Ça.nog ¬ []eU[t_+^`joj¯°¢eU[²^T_.][t_+wp ^`g'wK_^`ewKsUjz^Iah[}g+\U[t_+w`nolMprsUa²^`gb[tg
§'n4a+$jo^`_ ¬ [ u`^TjoU[]g^`_b[ªeUwTaFnoe_+[tÃU[]efa²p [tjog+n4u`[tj¯°$^TcdwKe ¬ YKZT wK_.g+n4cdn4jz^`4_ [] w`s b[tOahg{Íg+[t[
È\ .ÄqxRlU^Ta^{noeºmwK\noeº[]a^`j³4prTK ;Î
srÎ _xnoeU[]cÁ^Iahnot^`joj¯°{lU[t]wKU\Uj4[tlºtwK_b[tg
ÏÄU[ºg+[]twKeUlÊg+_+\U_bnog+[%§^`g´ahU[¢¾CeUlnoe ¬ w`.ÀK¿noeU[]cÁ^Iahnot^`joj¯°ÉlU[t]wKU\Uj4[tl¸twK_b[tg+ÀDÍ _}Z}mÄÎ
$Í !j4jon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+%Ð iC_h^`e5 AM
LMLKÎOÏÄU[tgb[E^`_b[}g+cd^`joj¹twKc±\¹w`eU[tefahg]preU[²^`_Äa+U[ ¬ ^`jz^;°t[tefa+[t_tpC§'Un4lw
eUw`akg+C^`_b[ah[x^`\U\C^T_+[tefaÄ_bw`a^Iahnow`ew`
n4a+gcd^`noeds¹w=l°`ÏÄU[]°^`_+[F]wKeUgbnolU[]_+[tl%^Tgk_+[]g+Uj¯ahnoe ¬ _+wKcah[
^`]t_+[Oahn4wKe5w`^dcdn4eUwK_'wKa+g+nol[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°KÑ_b[tcd^`_+¿I^`sUj4[[^`cd\jo[ynogF0
m
KKfp0^dS^²uKw`_+[tl5ah^`_ ¬ []a
ahw%gb[]uK[]_h^`jwKsg+[t_vuK[]_+gt±Zx^²u=no[]gx[]ay^`j³¢ÍÆTK ;Î ¬ n4uK[´_b[tgbUj4a+g}_bwKc a+U[±È\ .Äqx !efa+[ ¬ _+^`jino[]jol
È\0[tOah_+w ¬ _h^`\MpC§'n4ahKZRcÁ^T\Ug'w`a+U[yu`[tj4w]n4a!°¢lUn4g+\0[t_bg+now`eMpUahU[^`\U\U^`_+[]ea_+^`lUnz^Tj uK[]jow=tn4a!° ^`eUl
jon4eU[Fgvah_+[]e ¬ a+Ug.n4eUlUn4t[tgÄwK_ka+U[ ¬ ^`eUl !·jonoe[tgyÍSgb[t[in ¬ fÎOÏÄ[][tefah_+^`j8KKª`K´\0dÍSwK_'
¢ª^`_+]g+[]AÎ_+wTa^Ta+[tgÄ^`s0wKa©ahU[\U_+"w b[]]a+[tl%cdn4eUwK_©^Inog]pU^`eUldahU[Fcd^`n4eÁs0wl°dw`-a+U[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°±_+w`ah^Tah[]g
^`j4cdwKgvaF^Iax_+n ¬ fax^`e ¬ jo[tgahwa+Unog]`
!e5ahUn4gF²^`gb[ªah[ _yZ}m*U^`gx^lUn4g+¿K!j4no¿`[ ¬ [tw`cd[Oah_b°`p s0w`ah5_bwKc
A
ah[{^`\U\0[²^`_+^`eUt[´wT©a+U[ cd^`\É^`elÉ_bwKc¼ahU[ES^`OaxahC^IaFahU[´n4eUeU[]_+c±wKgbaxn4g+wK\Uw`ah[]g}^`_+[´lnog+¿f°`p
§'Un4jo[Fah[]°¢s0[t]wKcd[}s0w²°º^Ia^`s¹w`a ´^`_+]g+[]Íg+[t[ªmk^`_bwKjoj4wE[]a.^`j³Ä AKfTsCÎOÈUº[²^Ta+U_+[]g^`_+[
eUw`an4e_+[]Ã=[tefax^`el$g+[][tc ahw±w=tt_.s0w`ahºnoe W;XÇ ^`el YKZT w`sb[tOahg´Í\Ujogb[] []uK[]efahC^`j4j4°ÎO Çan4g
t_+now`UgkahC^Ia'eUw{jow=²^`j ^`eUwKcd^`j4°±w`8ah[xgbah[]jojo^`_k\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe¢^`_b[}^`g+gbw]nz^Ta+[tl¢§'n4a+%a+U8
[ _}Z}mgtÏÄUn4g
nog.noeUlno²^Iah[tlsf°
Ë Ä]wKjowK_c±[²^`gbU_+[]cd[]ea+g_+w`c n ¬ _+[tgbwKjoahnow`e FÈ=ÏR_+^`c±[tg´Í³mk^`_+w`jojow{[Oa}^`jƯp
AKK`^fÎO`
!e5a+U[{KZ cd^`\UgFwT©j4noeU[ygba+_+[]e ¬ ahÉn4eUlUno][tgx^TeUl5uK[]jow=tn4a+no[]g._+w`cÈ\ .Äqxp a+U[ _}Z}m
^`eUlºg+_+_+w`UeUlUn4e ¬ g^`_+[Fw`UeUl%ahw{C^²uK[yeU[²^T_+j4°ÁnolU[]efahnot^`jMgvah[tj4jz^`_Ä\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeUg]
!efah[ ¬ _h^`j ǾC[]jolg+\0[t]a+_+w ¬ _h^`\UgFlU[t_bn4u`[tl$_bwKc ahU[Ï yR\U_+w`a+w`a!°=\¹[ªw`#ah[{mki .ϦÍSk^`]wKe
[]ax^`jÆ AKfKÎ'^`_b[E\¹wA§©[t_vUjeU[O§Âa+ww`jog'wK_.a+U[Eg+\0[tOah_+^`j#^`eU^`j4°=g+n4gw`[=ah[telU[tlÉg+w`U_+][tgtp-ew`a^`sj4°
[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtÈ\ kq}ypMwK_xÀÈ\0[tOah_bwKg+]wK\Uno´.[t_bnz^`j eUn4awK_}[]g+[t^`_+·wKe·qx\ahnot^`j#[tsUjz^`[]ÀUp
C^`g's0[t[]e5^Taba^`U[]la+w±a+U[x¶ nojoj4nz^`c [t_+gbU[tj8
U Tc a+[tjo[]g+]wK\¹[}wKe
^d(^`jocd^pC^TeUlU^`g'[ ±tn4[tefahj¯°
\U_bwlUt[tlµl[]a^Tnojo[]lµKZ wKsg+[t_vuT^Tahn4wKeUgwTahU[E¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4tgEÍS\Uj4Ugw`a+U[t_g+\0[t]a+_h^`j(\U_+w`\¹[]_bahn4[tghÎ.w`^
g+[Oa}w`K ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]ggb[tjo[]]a+[tlÉ_+wKc ah[´gba^T_ba±ÍSk^`tw`eµ[]ay^`j³y`K Kp¹lU[ [t[]f§Ñ[Oay^`jÆy``fKÎOyqFe
ah[Áw`a+U[t_yC^`eUlÅqFÈ vȹp
wK_Àfqx\ahnot^`joj¯A
° !cd^ ¬ n4e ¬ È=°=gbah[]cwK
_ !cd^ ¬ n4e ¬ È\0[t]a+_+w ¬ _h^`\Uf°=ÀUp#n4g
^`gbg+w=tnz^Iah[tlµ§'n¯ah5ah[d^TlC^`\a+n4uK[´w`\ahn4tgFgv°gvah[]c ^TaxahU[±mkTi .ÏÂ^`eUlÉcÁ^²°$s¹[Ea+U[t_b[]wK_b[±g+[tlÉwK_
Un ¬ ¢_+[]g+wKj4ahn4wKe¢wKsUgb[t_buT^Ta+nowKegyͳcdgb[tj4jo[tc AK L Uk^TtwKe%[]a^TjÆ`K`fÎO#Wgvah_bno¿noe ¬ [^`cd\jo[Fw`8ah[
\0w`ah[]ea+nz^`j-wTqFÈ vȹp0\UjoUg'ah[E^`lC^T\ahn¯uK[ywK\ahn4tg]p0n4ga+U[ylUnogbtwAuK[]_b°w`^{twKUefa+[t_vÇ_+w`ah^Tahn4e ¬ twK_b[ªw`
jo[]g+ga+C^`eºTÀ´lnz^`c±[]a+[t_k^IakahU[t[tefa+[t_'w`-ah8
[ WVXÆ ¬ ^`jz^I=°d2
ym
ff= Fnoea+U[ËFn4_ ¬ wªtjogbah[]_}Ͷ·[t_beUjon
[]a.^`j³`K ;ÎO
2M2
£ 7:%QW@CB²Bt<075¡@@CG J S7=B
È U\0[t_!cd^`g+gbn4u`[EsUjz^T¿Uw`jo[tgEÍÆÈU4FÎC^²u`[´jowKe ¬ s¹[][teÉnoefu`wK¿`[]lÉa+w[O\Ujo^`noeahU[E[]eU[t_ ¬ []a+no]g
w`ÃC^`g+^`_+gy^`eUlµ.]a+n4uK[}^`jo^`]a+noEUtj4[tn'Í(yÎO¹ÏÄU[{Ã=[tgba}wT_b[tjon4´ÈU4 noeµj4wt^`j(\_+[tgb[tefa
lC^²° ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgC^`gFs0[t[]eµ\Ujz^ ¬ U[tl$UwA§[OuK[t_]p-§'n4ah$UeUt[]_bah^`noefahn4[tg^`g+gbw]nz^Ta+[tl5§'n4a+µ^`e5n4eUg+d]no[]ea
^`e ¬ Ujz^`__+[]g+wKj4ahn4wKeºnoea+U[E^TeC^`j4°=gbnogwTl°=eC^`c±not^`j-ah_h^Tt[t_bgFtj4wKg+[}ahwdahU[cÁ^`gbg+n¯uK[ª][tefah_+^`jw`s b[tOa
ÍSgb[t[Fa+U[F_+[Ou=no[]§ sf°K8
[ _xwK_bcd[]eUl°ÁÐRn4Ugba+wKeU[{Í AKfKÎ !e¢_+[]t[]eaÄ°`[²^`_bgtpU\_+w ¬ _b[tgbgÄC^`gks0[t[]e¢cÁ^`l[
wKeuT^`_bnowKUgt_+tnz^Tj¹gva^ ¬ []gÄnoea+U[FlU[Oah[tOahn4wKe%w`(ÈU$4 n4e¢jow=²^`j¹Ä~g]pUwK_kn4eÁah[xsUUj ¬ [tgkw`È´^TeUl%^
[]§*g+\Un4_h^`j4gt
n ¬ ¢_b[tg+w`joa+nowKen4cÁ^ ¬ noe ¬ _+wKcah[8FÈÏ C^`gÄs0[t[]en4e¢gb°=gba+[tcd^Tahn4FUg+[TpC\U_+wAu=nolnoe ¬ []g+g+[]efahnz^Tj
]wKeUgba+_h^`n4efahg}wKeµahU[ ¬ []wKc±[]ah_v°5w`ah[±gv°=gbah[]cdgyUeUl[t_}gba+Ul°K{ÏÄU[±lU[Oah[tOahn4wKeÉw`c±noea+[
¬ ^Tg+[tw`Ug_bnoe ¬ g^T_+wKUel·ah[d][tefah[]_ª\U_bw;u=n4lU[tl^`t]U_h^Ta+[S_x[]\Ujo[]_+nz^TeÉu`[tj4w]n4ahn4[tgy^`s0wKa}ah[
][tefah_+^`j-wKs b[]]a²pC[teU][gvah_h^Tn ¬ fa+w`_b§^`_+l%cd^`g+gÄ[]gbahn4cÁ^Iah[tgyÍg+[][y_b[]u=no[O§sf° K^T̹[x[]a.^`j³k AKLfÎO
iCwK_ka+U[yS^TcdwKg.^T]ahn¯uK[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°%A
LfÍSwK_0
m
KM
LKfÎOpUa+U[}UnogvahwK_bnot^`jMcd^`g+g[tgvahnocd^Ta+[xw`a+U[
][tefah_+^`jÈU$4 ¨wKsa^`n4eU[tlµ_+w`c®gba+[tj4jz^`_F¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4tgFsf°«È^`_ ¬ []efa[Oa^`jÆÍv Af LfÎ.C^`g}s0[t[]e
_+^TahU[]_'eUno][tj4°ÁtwKe¾C_+c±[tl%sf°¢ahU[y^`eU^`j4°=g+n4gÄw` ¬ ^`g+[]wKUg'c±w`ahn4wKeUg}$Í ^`_bcdgÄ[Oa^TjÆÄ AKT
ÎO
K =È a+[tj4jz^`_#¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4tg^TaUn ¬ ±^`e ¬ jz^`__b[tg+w`joa+nowKeE§©[t_b[F^`j4g+w}wKsah^`noeU[]l{_+[t][tefahj¯°´§'n4a+±a+U[bFÈÏ
gb\¹[]]ah_bw ¬ _+^`\UUg]peUwTa^`sUj¯°ªa+U[FÈ=\C^`t['Ï8[tj4[tg+]wK\0[ !cd^ ¬ n4e ¬ È\0[t]a+_+w ¬ _h^`\U5ÍÆÈÏ vÈÎO_+[]tnogb[.j4noeU[
w`#g+n ¬ auK[]jow=tn¯ahno[]g.lnogba+_+n4sUahn4wKeUgͳ8q}È=ËFZ}Îħ©[t_b[EwKsah^`noeU[]l5tj4wKg+[}ahwdahU[t[tefa+_h^`j8wKsb[]]ahg]p
^`elºa+U[}t[tefa+_h^`j-\0[²^`¿Ánoe¢uK[]jow=tn4a!°ÁlUnogb\¹[]_+gbnowKeº^`]tU_+^Tah[]j4°¢cd^`\U\0[tlM
ÏÄU[Á8qyÈËxZ §©[t_b[^`eC^Tj4°=g+[]l§'n4a+·[]jz^`s0wK_h^Iah[{l°=eC^`c±not^`jcdw=lU[tj4gtp
g+»^`gya+U[da+U_+[][O
n4ea+[ ¬ _+^`jogy^In4gb°=cdc±[]a+_+n4´cdw=lU[tj4g}w`kuT^`el[t_ª$^`_+[]j©[OaE^TjÆÉÍ AKM LfÎFwK
_ x[tsUC^T_+la[]aª^`jÆ
ͳ`KK`sCÎOp#^Tj4ahwK ¬ «n4aC^`gs¹[][teÅgb ¬K¬ []gbah[]lahC^Tayah[ÁlU[]_+n4u`[tlÊÈU4 cd^`g+gb[tg´^T_+[Áew`a
a+[t_+_bnosUj¯°Ál[t\0[teUlU[]efaFwKe¢ah[ywKno][ywT(a+U[}l°=eC^`c±no²^TjMcdw=lU[]jÆ
ÄÏ U[Egb\¹[]tno^`jon4gbahg.^`_b[ªeUwA§Rtw`e¾ClU[]ea}[]eUwK ¬ 5noe5ÈU$4Ñcd^`gbg[tgvahn4cÁ^Ta+[tg'ahw]wK_+_b[tjo^Tah[}ahU[]g+[
§'n4a+µw`ah[t_ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°\U_+wK\0[t_vahn4[tgt}ÏÄU[]g+[±twK_b_+[]jz^Ta+nowKelUw¢eUw`ax]wKeUgbnolU[]_xwKeUj4°[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtpCsUay^Tjog+w
sUUj ¬ [tgw`Ägb\Uno_+^`jogyeUw`ah^`sUj4°µa+U[¢ºnojo¿f°µ¶^²°^TeUl» ` FUwTahnoe ¬ $^ ¬ wK_+_bnz^`e·[]aE^`jÆ«Í AKM LfÎ
Àf^_h^T]ahn4wKeÉw`f wT[t^`_+j¯°Æa!°=\¹[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gFC^²uK[Á$Z}qFgdÍSnÆ [`´cd^`gbg+n4u`[{lC^`_+¿$wKs b[tOahghÎx§'Uw`g+[
cd^`g+gb[tg.^`_+[x§©[tjoj-l[tg+]_+n4s¹[]l$sf°º4
^ }^`Ugbg+no^`elnogba+_+n4sUahn4wKe¢noe%j4w ¬ Í kwT#c±[²^`ev= L{^`el
gbah^`eUlC^T_+l5lU[Ou=nz^Ta+nowKe$ = ²ÀUÄÏÄUn4gnogeUw`aF^±u`[t_b°ºahn ¬ fa]wK_+_b[tjo^Tahn4wKe UwK_b[ª_b[tt[]efahj4°^Ás0[]abah[]_wKeU[
C^`g}s0[t[]e·wKUel«s0[]a!§©[t[]e»ÈU$ ¦cd^`g+gb[tgy^`eUlÉah[ ¬ ^`jz^I=°uK[tj4w]n4a!°µlnog+\0[t_bg+n4wK
e ±Í³^²uK[]_h^ ¬ []l
§'n4a+Unoe¢a+U[U^`j4zÇjon ¬ a_h^`lnoUghÎO x[tsC^`_+la.[OaF^TjÆ.ÍÆ``KK^fÎ ¬ n¯uK
[ Ñ (Í K`KfÎ Y ^ Y p
§'U[]_+
[ n4g'noe¢ahU[}Uen4a'w` A g+wKjo^`_ÄcÁ^Tg+g+[]gtÏÄU[yg+²^Ia+ah[]_.wT nogÄw`eUj4°% ´lU[ÍSg+[][ª^Tjog+w
iC[t_b_h^`_b[tg+[y^`el5[]_+_bn4a+a.TKKfÎ
_b[´ahU[±^`gvah_+w`\Uf°gbno]nogba+gew;§Ñ[tefahn¯ahj4[tlµahw%lUn4g+tg+gªÈU$4 gtpw`_xg+UwKjolµahU[O°ÉtwKefa+noeU[´ahw
g+\0[²^T¿±wT8$Z}qFgtp^`eUld_+[tcd^`n4ed\U_bUlU[]eawKeda+U[eU^TahU_b[.wTMahU[cd^`g+gbn4uK[lC^`_b¿{wKs b[tOahg^Ta©a+U[][tefah[]_
w` ¬ ^`jz^In4[t'g d¶ U[]eahU[.t[tefa+_h^`j0cÁ^Tg+gnog[]eUtn4_+]jo[tldnoeÁ^g+cd^`j4jo[t_^TeUlg+cd^`j4jo[t__+^`lUn4Ugtp^ªjz^T_ ¬ []_©^TeUl
jz^T_ ¬ []_lU[]eUg+n¯a!°5nog[tgba+nocd^Tah[]lMpMgbwahC^TaahU[´wKej4°º\Ujz^TUg+n4sUjo[\Uf°gbnot^`j#eC^Ta+U_+[´wTahU[±$Z}q ah_+eUg
wKa.ahws0[ªa+U[ªsUjo^`¿ºUwKjo[TÏÄU[ªgbahl°5w`Ä~ gFlUw=[tgFew`ax^T̹wK_bl5wK\U\0wK_ba+UeUn¯ahno[]ga+w[tgvahn4cÁ^Ta+[n4eµ^
tw`cd\0[tj4jonoe ¬ §k^²°%ahU[ylU[]eUg+n¯ahno[]g.wT#ahU[]no_.$Z}qFgtÄ cEU$s¹[Oa+ah[]_.t^`g+[nogÄah[´n4jo¿f°¶^A°`p0§'[t_+[
gba+[tj4jz^`_¿noeU[]cÁ^Ta+no]gtw`eUgba+_h^`n4e$ahU[ªlU[teUgbn4a!°$w`ahU[´$Z}qÑahwc±wK_+[yahC^Te A=LSV}A
= `\¹ Y p _bUjon4e ¬
wKa'wTahU[]_\°=gbno²^Tjoj4°^`t][t\ah^`sUj4[yw`s b[tOahg'ahC^`e%ah[ªÈÄA
È=a+_+wKe ¬ tw`eUgba+_h^`n4ea+g^`_+[y^`j4g+w´wKUeUlnoe¢ah[^TeC^`j4°=gbnog'w`T V qÂcd^`g+[]_Ä[tc±n4abahnoe ¬ _+noe ¬ gÄeU[²^T_a+U[
eUtj4[tUg.w`#gb[]u`[t_h^Tj#È[O°[t_ba ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gt& }[]eU[t_+^`joj¯°g+\0[²^T¿=n4e ¬ w;§©[]u`[t_]p¹ah[gvahUl°ºw`ÀKjon¯uK[]ÀÁÈ$4 \0w;§©[t_bnoe ¬ ( } Í]a+n4u`[ }^`jz^T]ahn4x.tjo[]n?În4e5È[O°[t_ba ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gw`_ÃC^Tgh^`_bgtpr_+[]jono[]g'wKew`sUg+[]_buT^`sUj4[
tj4U[tgy_h^IahU[]_lUn¯Ì []_+[]ea}_bwKcahUw`g+[±noeÉahU[±gba+Ul°Éw`©ahU[±ÀKlU[t^`lUÀµÈ$4 p8^`elnog}wKahg+n4lU[´ahU[
g+]wK\0[ªw`#a+Unog_+[Ou=no[]§}'Âs¹[t^`ahn¯Uj-g+cdcd^`_b°%wT#ahU[_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeUg'w`ahU[]g+[ªlwKcÁ^TnoeUg'w`_b[tgb[²^`_bµnog
noe'noUgvahwKeU[y[]a^`j³xÍv ²KM LfÎÏÄU[ywKjoj4w;§'n4e ¬ [tgbg+[]ea+nz^`j8tw`eUtj4Ug+n4wKeUg.^`_+[yÃUw`ah[]l_bwKcahUn4g'\C^`\0[t_ J
;Î'ÈU$ .gF^T_+[^±eUw`_+cd^`jM[²^Ta+U_+[yw`(ahU[t[tefa+_h^`j
_+[ ¬ now`eUg'w`sU_bn ¬ fa ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg]pC\C^`_vahno]Ujz^T_+j4°±ahwKg+[
§'n4a+µg+\U[t_+w`nolUg]ª`Î.ÏÄU[tn4_Fcd^`g+gb[tgxg+t^`jo[ªnoe5_bwK ¬ µ\U_bwK\0wK_ba+nowKeºahw¢UwKgvab ¬ ^`jz^;°ºgb\UU[t_bwKnolµcd^`gbgt
fÎÄÏÄU[a+w`a^Tj8cd^`gbg.lU[]eUg+n¯a!°ºnoe$ÈU$4 nogsU_+wf^TlUj4°%]wKeUg+n4gba+[tefa§'n¯aha+U[ycÁ^`gbgvÇ[tÃUn4uT^`j4[tefa.[teU[]_ ¬ °
lU[]eUg+n¯a!°$n4e$ahU[ÃC^`gh^T_Fjon ¬ fa.sU^`¿ ¬ _+wKeUlMxÏÄU[´^Tg+g+w=tno^Tahn4wKeºw`©ÈU$4 g}^`eUl5gb\UU[]_+wKn4lC^`j8gbah[]jojo^`_
;
gb°=gvah[tc±gyg+ ¬K¬ [tgba+g\U^`_+[]ea}wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e5\U_+w=t[]g+gb[tgtp(\U_+w`sC^`sUj¯°5noeÉlU[]eUg+[±_+[ ¬ now`eUgF§'Uno«tw`jojz^T\Ug+[]l
[²^T_+j4°`´qFeµahU[{w`a+U[t_xU^`eUlµahU[´À`sU_+wf^Tl«]wKeUgbnogba+[teUO°=Àn4e ¬ jowKsC^Tj([]eU[t_ ¬ []a+notg}gvah_+w`e ¬ j4°$g+ ¬`¬ [tgvahg
ahU^Tak\U_b[tgb[tefalC^²°¢ÈU4 .g'^`_b[FnoelU[t[]l¢_+[tj4no]gw`-a+U[F\0w;§©[t_vUjM(}.gkwT-ahU[FÀ`Ã=U^`gh^`_[t_h^TÀ{^`_+wKeUl
c dahw%ÏÄU[]_+[{_+[]cÁ^Tnoe5lUn4g+]_+[t\U^`eUtn4[tgF§'n¯ahµahU[´eUcªs¹[]_+gxUwA§©[]uK[]_tp
ahU[´eUcªs¹[]_xw`_+[tj4no]g
s0[tnoe ¬ ahw=wjz^T_ ¬ [twKc±\C^`_b[tl5ahwdahU[´eUcEs0[t_w`\C^`_b[tefa}ÃC^`gh^T_+gtp-\0wKgbg+nosj4°ºs¹[]²^`g+[´gbah^Tahn4gba+notgw`
^`eU]no[]eaFÃ=U^`gh^`_bgxg+[]jo[tOaxahU[ªsU_+n ¬ fah[tgva²pM§'Un4jo[yahU[Egva^Ta+nogvahno]gFw`a+U[{^`]a+C^`j#ÈU$4 gb[tjo[]]aFa+UwKgb[
tj4wKg+[ahwEw`U_©a+[t_+_b[tgvah_+no^`j w`sUg+[]_buT^Tahw`_+no[]gt#.t]wK_+lUn4e ¬ a+wªahU[Ã=w`ah[]l%^`ahwK_+g]pUwKeU[§k^²°w`akw`-a+U[tgb[
lUn d]Uj4a+no[]gÄnogkahw±^`gbg+Uc±[y^´\U_+w ¬ _+[tgbg+n¯uK[yÀ`S^Ta+a+[teUn4e ¬ À´w`(sUjo^`¿ÁUw`jo[tg'lU_+noe ¬ ^TeUlº^T?ah[]_kahU[}ÃC^`g+^`_
[t_+^pCg+w´a+C^TacÁ^Te°Ácdn4eUwK_Ä^TeUtn4[tefa( yg'§©[t_b[ya+ww´S^`n4efakahw{[tefa+[t_wKU_ÄÃC^`g+^`_.t^Ta^Tjow ¬ [tgt
ÏÄU[.lUnogbtwAuK[]_b°dw`8ÈU$ t^`eUlUn4lC^Tah[]gn4edcd^`ef°{g+\U[t_+w`nolC^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gcÁ^²°´U_vahU[]_tw`cd\Uj4not^Tah[
ah[±\_+wKsUj4[tcwT©a+U[{wK_+n ¬ noeÉ^`el·[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeÉw`©a+U[tgb[dw`s b[tOahgtÁqFe«a+U[{w`ah[t_}C^`eUl«n4a}wTÌ []_+gy^
§^A°ºahwd[O\Ujo^`noeºahU[EeU]jo[t^`_\U_bw`¾Cj4[tgtp0ÀK]wK_+[]À¢^ ¬ ^`n4eUgba.ÀK\0wA§[]_v!jo^²§'ÀUp¹l[tg+]_+n4s¹[]lµ^`s0w;u`[`u`^Te5lU[t_
$^`_b[tjÍ AKKfÎgbUwA§'ga+C^Taxah[tg+[{uT^`_+n4wKUgx\U_bw`¾Cj4[tg}cÁ^²°µ_b[tgbUj4a}_+w`c ah[Á^`lnz^`sC^Iahno ¬ _+wA§Äah«w`
sUjo^`¿¢UwKj4[tgnoefahw±\U_+[![n4gba+noe ¬ nogbw`ahU[]_+cd^`j-tw`_+[tg]p0w`jojowA§'n4e ¬ ^dgbt[teU^`_+n4w±¾C_bgbaF^`eC^`j¯°][tls
° w`Ue ¬
Ív ²M LKfÎ#ÏÄUnogg+noc±\Uj4[.gbt[teU^`_+n4w´nogk]_+n4a+no]not[]lsf°%[]_+_bn4a+axÍv A`M LfÎw`eahU[]wK_+[Oahnot^`j ¬ _+wKUelUg JU[eUw`ah[]g
ahU^Ta.a+U[ynog+wTahU[]_+cd^`j-twK_b[n4g'eUw`aS^Au`wK_+[]l5sf°%ahU[}ahU[]wK_+n4[tgw` ¬ ^`jz^I=°¢wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eMpU[tn¯ahU[]_ÄahU_bwK ¬
Un4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j-]joUgvah[t_bnoe ¬ wK_'twKj4jz^`\g+[`ÏÄU[[]eUl5\U_bwlU]a+gw`(ahU[]g+[ª\_+w=t[tgbg+[]gx^`_+[^`lU[]ÃC^Tah[eU[tgvahg
ahw ¬ _+wA§ ^EsUjz^`¿±UwKj4[x^`eUl¢l[]uK[]jowK\º^Egvah[t[]\%\¹wA§©[t_vÇjz^²§ eUtj4[tUgyÍ xnoeUjo^`e[]aÄ^`jÆk ²Kfp[t_b_+n¯a+a'Ð
FUnoejz^`e¢ A`M LfÎO(iCwK_#ah[ÄcEU±jo[tgbg^`sU_bU\atwK_b[OÇjono¿T[k\U_bw`¾Cjo[]gw` ¬ nz^`efa[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjogtp;ah[]wf^`j4[tg+][teU][
w`a!§w$ÈU$ .gxwKjoj4wA§'noe ¬ ^¢c±[t_ ¬ [t_xw`ah[tno_xwKgba ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]g{ͳsUn4g+Ut^`¿n[]ay^`j³ AK `p
$^`¿noew
AKKKÎOpnogÄ^E\U_b[][]_+_+[]lc±[tU^`eUnogbcpeUw`ah^`sUj4°±wK_a+[teC^Tea+gÄw`(^E_+[t^`jMÀKlUn4Uw`a+wKcª°=À´s¹[Oa!§[][te%ahU[Fa!§©w
¿noeUlgwT][tefah_+^`j
g+\UU[]_+wKn4lC^`jM\_+w`¾Cj4[tgͳir^`s0[t_Ä[Oa^`jÆÄ ²KfKÎ
2M2
¤ªH
759 (6
@7¹>²@kD@
7
È n4eUt[Fa+U[Fjocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!°{§k^`gÄ¿eUwA§'e%ahw´s0[xtwK_b_+[]jz^Ta+[tl§'n4a+-/0k^`el§'n4ah < ͳir^`s0[t_ K^`¿gbwKe
_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeCÎOpUn¯a'nogÄeUw`agbU_+\U_bnogbnoe ¬ ahC^Ia^{s0[]a+a+[t_'tw`_+_+[]jz^Ta+nowKe¢§^`g'wKUeUlºsf°%Ug+n4e ¬ s0`w a+wKsg+[t_vuT^`sUjo[]g
g+n4cEUj¯a^`eU[]wKUgbj4°KÏÄU[sn4uT^`_+no^Tah[._+[]jz^Ta+nowKe¢cd^²°s0[}§'_bn4abah[te^`g
wK_
< ÍÆÈ+Î
< Í -/0+Î Ív AÎ
ÍÆ`Î
[O\U_b[tgbg+noe ¬ a+U[{_h^`lUn4UgFwK_xj4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a!°ºnoe5a+[t_bcdgxw`©wKsUgb[t_vu`^TsUjo[]gt{Èn4cdn4jz^`__+[]jz^Ta+nowKegFC^²uK[{s0[t[te
\UUsjonogbU[tlÁg+nocªUj4ah^`eU[tw`Ug+j¯°{s°ZF_+[]g+g+j4[t_©[]a'^`j³ÄÍ AMLfKÎ^`eUl%Z bw`_ ¬ wAu=g+¿nMÐRZx^²u=nogFÍv AMLKKÎO(ef°wKe[
w`8ahU[]g+[}a!§w±_+[]jz^Ta+nowKegklU[]¾UeU[ya+U[}g+wTDz^`j4jo[]l%ireUlC^`c±[tefa^Tj
jo^`eU[±ÍSi#Îw`#[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gt
A
ÄÏ U[}i#ah[twK_b[]ahn4²^`j¹sC^`gbnogn4gkwKsah^`noe[tlÁ_bwKc¦a+U[u=no_bnz^`jrah[twK_b[tc§'Uno ¬ n¯uK[tgÄ V ±p
§'U[]_+[Ep^`_+[´gbUn4ah^`sUjo[ªlU[]¾Cen4ahn4wKeUgxw`ah[´_h^`lUn4Ug}^`eUlÉc±[²^`eÉn4ea+[t_beC^`ju`[tjow=tn¯a!°Kp
^`el5¨ahU[
tw`eUgbah^`efa.wT ¬ _+^Au=n¯a^Ta+nowKeM !efah_+w=lUU]noe ¬ wKsg+[t_vuT^`sUjo[]g^TeUl¢ahU[ `·_h^Ta+nowUp=ahUn4gÄs¹[]twKc±[tg
zͳ `8Î ¿_ <V
ͳKÎ
§'U[]_+
[ Énog^`eÅ^Tl·Uw={S^`]a+wK_t¢.g+g+cd[deUwA§ ahC^Ia´ T nogy^]wKeUgbah^`efaEwK_^%g+jowA§'j¯°µu`^T_b°=noe ¬
UeUOahn4wKew`
ah[FjoUc±noewKg+n¯a!°´§'n4ah¢ `
* Ç8Ä~g'^`_b[FsUUn4j4a^`jow`e ¬ g+n4cdn4jz^`_c±w=lU[tj4g©ah
[ Ánoe[]Ãr
´nogÄn4eUlU[t[]l$^´]wKeUgbah^`efa²ÏÄU[]e$Ugbnoe ¬ ah[yl[]¾CeUn¯ahn4wKe¢w` - / ÄwKeU[x²^TewKsa^`n4eahU[}_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeg}Ív ;Îw`_
ÍÆ`ÎO.w`a+[a+C^TaahU[[O\¹w`eU[tefahgnoea+U[tgb[E[tÃC^Iahnow`eUgt^`e5s0[[\_+[tgbg+[]l·n4eºa+[t_+c±gwT#ahU[g+j4wK\¹
[
gÄa+U[ `_+^Tahn4wEu`^T_+no[]gk§'n4a+%a+U[}twKj4wKU_]pahU[]g+[y[O\0wKeU[tefa+g^`j4g+w´uT^`_b°`
ÏÄU[´uT^`jo[´w`©a+U[´a!§wI!\C^`_+^`c±[]ah[]_x_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeMp ^`eUlÉahU[ bgbahn¯¾C²^Iahnow`eÉw`_ahU[{Ugb[{w`gbUÅ^
cd^ b[tgvahnoyuKw=²^`sjo[´^`gFireUlC^`c±[tefa^Tjjz^TeU[`pMn4g.a+U[EUn ¬ 5ÃC^`j4n4a!°ºw`ah[ª¾UPa J'ahnogc±n ¬ ag+j4n ¬ fahj¯°
s0[±n4cd\_+wAuK[]lMp
s°µah^`¿noe ¬ n4ea+wº^`t]wKUefaa+U[{_+wKj4[´w`k_bw`a^Iahnow`eµnoeµahU[{ah[twK_b[]ahn4²^`jwK_}[tc±\Uno_bno²^Tj
lU[]_+n4uT^Ta+nowKeºw`a+U[Ei# ÍS_b ¬ eUn4[tj(ЦÈnoc±no[]eMp
AK`O
¹[]eUlU[t_[]a}^`j³4p
A``
ÎOgn4a.nogtprah[Ei# C^`g
cd^`ef°5^`\\Ujon4²^Ta+nowKeUg^`elµ\Uf°gbnot^`j#noefa+[t_+\_+[]ah^Tahn4wKeUg]xÏÄ=gxn4aFwTÌ []_+ga+U[E\0wKg+gbnosUn4jon4a!°¢a+w[tgvahn4cÁ^Ta+[
ah[ElUnogva^`et[tgxwT'~ g§'n¯ahÉ^`eµ^Ttt_h^`O°5w`^`s0wKaE ; xiCwK_.a+Unog.\C^`_vahno]Ujz^T_^`\\Ujon4²^Ta+nowKeMprn¯aFnog
w`?a+[teº_+[t\jz^`][tl%sf°¢ahU
[ I É_+[tjo^Tahn4wKe«Í³ZF_b[tgbg+jo[]_Ä[]a.^`j³k AM Lf`ÎOpU]wKeUt[]\ahU^`joj¯°[tÃUn¯uT^`jo[]eat
ÏÄU[´ÃC^`j4n4a!°w`ah[{i# _b[tjo^Tahn4wKe5noc±\Uj4no[tgÄa+C^TaFa+U[± `»_h^Ta+nowwTÄ~ gxC^`gFw`eUj4°$^g+c±wwTah
uT^`_+no^Tahn4wKe¢§'n4a+µ qFe$a+U[ªwTahU[]_C^`elMp0a+U[ªgvah_bU]a+U_+[E\U^`_h^`c±[]a+[t
_ noe[tÃrF±g+Uw`Ujols¹[eU[²^`_bj4°
tw`eUgbah^`efa²ÏÄU[tgb[}Ã=[tgba+nowKegÄC^²uK[}s¹[][te%gba+UlUn4[tl¢¾C_+gva'sf°tw`eUg+n4lU[t_+^Tahn4wKew`
ah[}i#Ên4eahU[eU[²^`_
ͳ(^`U_b[´[]ay^`j³´ AKfp( AKM L`^fÎ.^`el«jo^Tah[]_sf°5]wKc±\C^`_+n4g+wKegFw`ah[{i# _bwKc¼ahU[ ÍSf cÁÎ'ahw
ahF
[ _¼Í³ cÁÎg+\0[t]a+_h^`j8sC^`elUg´ÍS^`U_b[ª[OaF^`j³ A`M L`srÎ4 ÇaF^T\U\¹[t^`_+g'ahU^Tac±[]ah^`joj4no]n4a!°±u`^T_+nz^Iahnow`eUg
^`_b[yew`agb ±tn4[tefa.a+wd[\Ujz^`n4eºa+U[yC^`e ¬ []gw`(ahU[i#gbjowK\0[x§'n4a+ºa+U[]wKjow`U_tÏÄU[y\U_+wKsjo[tc U^`g
^`j4g+w¢s0[t[teÉa^T¿=j4[tlÉsf°É_+ ¬ eUno[]j^`eUl·Èn4cdn4[te»Í AKKfÎ'§'Uw%lUnogbtUgbgya+U[´_+[]g+nolC^`jog._+wKc ahU[±i#
^ ¬ ^TnoeUgvaxgba+[tjojo^`_F\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeUgFn4eUlUn4t[tg±Í³ ¬ V ^`eUl«twKj4wKU_bgÎOªÏÄU[d[OÌ []]a+gywTgvah[tj4jz^`_\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeg
[O\Ujo^`noeÁwKeUj4°±C^Tj4
w`-a+U[x^`\U\U^`_+[]eaÄuT^`_bnz^Ta+nowKegwT# `pnÆ[`#ah[F[O\0wKeU[tefa ·^`s0w;u`[`ÏÄU[x_b[tgvaÄw`
ah[ªahn4j4aw`#a+U[´i# g+wKUjol$s¹[[O\Ujz^TnoeU[]l5sf°$gbwKcd[lU[t\0[telU[teU][{w`#ah[E_+w`ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j-gbU\U\0wK_bax^`eUl
w`ah[±gb\C^Ta+nz^`j(gbah_bU]a+U_+[{wKeµa+U[´joUc±noewKg+n¯a!°KyÏÄU[±^`ahwK_+gxÀK]wKeU]joUlU[Ea+wº^twKeUgva^`e]°Éw`ah[
l°=eC^`c±not^`j¯ÆahwTÇgba+[tjojo^`_cÁ^Tg+g'_h^Ta+nowKÀ
Ë^`_bnowKUg^Ta+a+[tc±\ahgC^²uK[´s0[t[teÉcd^`lU[yahwÁ¾Cel«[OuK[]ea+C^`jlUn¯Ì []_+[]eUt[]gxnoe$a+U[´i# wK_ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg
noe«lUn¯Ì []_+[tefay[tefu=no_bwKeUc±[tefah@g Jª\0ww`_y]joUgvah[]_+gyg+U^TgyËno_ ¬ w^TeUl·_bno·tjogbah[]_+gyg+UÅ^`gmwKcÁ^ t[]efah_h^Tj]wK_+[±^`elwKa+g+¿no_vahg}w`kmwKcd^ÍS
t[]°É[Oa^`jÆ% AK ;/Î ¾C[tj4l^TeUl·]joUgvah[]_y[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog´ÍlU[
mk^`_vu`^TjoUw{ÐÂZ bwK_ ¬ wAu=g+¿f°µ ²KfKKÎ Utj4Ugba+[t_kahw{]joUgvah[t_'lUn¯Ì []_+[]eUt[]gªÍ 0_ ¬ [teUgb[te[]a^`j³k AKKK/Î UwKVs b[t]a+g
noe 0'"R3& 0/! ¬ _bwKU\Ug.^ ¬ ^`n4eUgbawKVs b[t]a+gn4eºa+U[y¾U[tjolwK_'jow=wKg+[ ¬ _bwKU\UgªÍSl[ªjz^{'wKgh^±[]a^`jÆk`K AÎOkw
gh^Tjono[]efaÄu`^T_+nz^Iahnow`eUgÄnoe¢ah[\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_+g'w`(ahU[yi#8pCwK_ÄahU[ylUn4g+\0[t_+gbnowKe^`s0wKa'n¯a²pCC^²uK[ys0[t[teºwKUeUl
_+ ¬ eUno[]j¹[Oa'^`jÆÄÍv AK`fÎ_b[tjo^Tah[ahU[._+[tgbnolUU^`jog_+wKcahU[i#ahw´^ª\U^`_h^`c±[]a+[t_ ´lU[tgbt_+n4sUnoe ¬ ahU[jow=²^`j
lU[]eUg+n¯a!°Kp0^`eUl%eUw±twKefu=noetnoe ¬ a+_+[]eUln4gÄ\U_+[]g+[]eat
²
2 2
¤ªH
7 8@U:AX¹J8<³GºGKJ¹>A7¹>±J
r@@ <7=B
!I#4&'& .6!$I" Èn4eUt[gva^`_bg´²^`eeUw`a´s0[_+[]g+wKj¯uK[]lÊn4e»^`ef°ewK_+cd^`j ¬ nz^`efaª[tjoj4no\a+not^`jÆp8wKeU[U^`gªahwµ_b[tj¯°wKe
noefa+[ ¬ _+^Tah[]lÅtwKj4wK_+g^`eUlgb\¹[]]a+_h^$ahw ¬ []aEnoewK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eÉ^`s¹w`aªa+U[tn4_ªgba+[tj4jz^`_y\¹w`\UUjz^Iahnow`eUgt%ÏÄU[
tjo^`g+gbnot^`j `w`UeUg+w`eM~gF§'n4lU[OÇsC^`eUlµ]wKjow`_+ggv°=gbah[]cC^`g\U_+wAuK[]lµahw¢s0[ªahU[ªcdwKgvaFUgb[]Uj³pM[]u`[tefahU^`joj¯°
^`c±[teUl[tlµsf°a+U[´mw`Ug+n4eUgFgb°=gvah[tcº}qFe5ah[ªw`a+U[t_FU^`eUlMp¹noefah[ ¬ _h^Ta+[tl5gb\¹[]]a+_h^¢^`_b[ªlU[]g+t_bnos0[tlµsf°
jon4eU[OÇnoeUlnot[]g'^`gtpCwK_'n4eUgbah^`eUt[TpCahC^TalU[O¾CeU[]l5sf°ºa+U[
n4¿ºqFsUg+[]_buT^Tahw`_b°KÂ_b[tt[]efaFtw`cd\Un4jz^Ta+nowKeÁw`
-no¿r~ glC^Tah^±n4g ¬ n4uK[]e$sf°ºÏ(_+^ ¬ []_.[OaF^`j³}Ív ²KM LfÎ'mwKjow`_+g^`eUlg+\0[t]a+_h^ÁwTÄ~g^`_+[yg+n4cdn4jz^`_©ahwda+UwKgb[
w`(jz^Ta+.
[ 8?<wK_Ä[²^T_+j4
° _`<<©gbah^`_+g]
ÏÄU[]_+[$n4g{^«_b[tcd^`_+¿I^`sjo[¢tw`_+_+[]jz^Ta+nowKe»s0[]a!§©[t[]e twKj4wK_+g±^`el¸j4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4ahn4[tg%ÍwK_{^`sUgbwKjoah[
cd^ ¬ eUn¯ahUlU[]gÎFw`'Ä~ gtp#s_+n ¬ a+[t_ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg}s0[tn4e ¬ _b[tlUl[t_t%ÏÄUn4gªgbwT!t^`joj4[tlmÄ _+[]jz^Ta+nowKeÉnogys0[tgba
lU[O¾CeU[tl«wK_xtj4Ugba+[t_bgtp(^`eUl«n4ahgxgbjowK\0[´nog}cd^Inocd^`j
wK_FahU[{]wKjowK_±$Í 'Ë}Î{ͳ©w;§©[t_y[]a^`j³¢ AKfT^p
AKKTsrÎO}ÏÄU[dmĽlUno^ ¬ _h^Tc n4gFtw`eUg+n4lU[t_b[tlÉahw¢s0[{^_+[tjo^Tahn4wKe$s0[]a!§©[t[]e·a+U[´joUc±noewKg+n¯a!°º^`eUlµahU[
c±[²^`e5c±[]ah^`joj4no]n4a!°¢w`a+U[Egvah[tj4jz^`_\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeMpCahU[ªcd[Oa^`j4jono]n4a!°¢n4eUt_b[²^`gbnoe ¬ §'n4ahahU[Ej4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a!°`
ÏÄU[[Onogvah[tet[´w`#a+U[´mÄ _+[tjo^Tahn4wKe^`eUl$n¯ahgg+cd^`joj-gb²^Tabah[]_F_+[]\U_+[]g+[tefaxn4cd\0wK_va^`efatwKegbah_+^`noefa+gwKe
ah[}w`_+cd^Tahn4wKe¢^`eUlº[]u`wKjoahnow`eºwT#Ä~ gt
ÏÄU[[\Ujz^`eU^Tahn4wKen4e·ah[]_+c±gEw`Äc±[]ah^`joj4no]n4a!°$uT^`_bnz^Ta+nowKeg^T_+[^Tjog+w5^`lU[tÃC^Iah[ÁwK_y_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeg
s0[]a!§©[t[tejonoe[O!n4eUlUn4t[tgF^`eUl«joUc±noeUw`g+n4a!°ÅÍSw`_x[tÃUn4uT^`j4[tefahj¯°$a+U[ ªuT^`joU[²ÎO{ÏÄU[±ÀKs0[tgba+À_b[tjo^Tahn4wKe
w=tt_+gs¹[Oa!§[][te« ¬ V ÍSwK_. ¬ Î'^TeUl x^Tjog+w{wKj4jowA§[]l%s°ºsUj ¬ []gwT#g+\no_h^Tjog$Í !lUno^`_ba'[OaF^TjÆ AKKfÎ
ÏÄU[]_+[nog^`j4g+wy^}S^Tno_#]wK_+_b[tjz^Iahnow`eMpKsUa§'n4a+±^`edw`\U\¹w`g+n4a+[Äg+j4wK\¹[Tps¹[Oa!§[][teda+U[.k^`joc±[t_jonoe[tgnoelUno][tgtp
g+^`g ^`el·j4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°KpM§'nojo[Ea+U[±iC[O!j4noeU[]gxnoeUlnot[]gy^`_+[{eU[t^`_+j¯°µUeU]wK_+_b[tjz^Iah[tlͶ·wK_vahU[O°
AK LfÎO
ew`ahU[]_Fnoc±\0wK_bah^`efa.\_+wK\0[t_va!°$w`#twKj4wK_+g^`eUl5j4noeU[!noelUno][tg'noeµÄ~ gFnog'ah[tno_._h^`lnz^`j-uT^`_+no^Tahn4wKeM
mwKj4wK_+g ¬ []a.sUj4U[t_.^Tajz^`_ ¬ [t_ =p¹c±[]ah^`joj4no]n4a!°dnoeUlUn4t[]g.s0[t]wKcd[}S^`n4ea+[t_]pr§'nojo[yk^Tjoc±[t_'jon4eU[tg's0[ttw`cd[
w`?a+[teÉgba+_+wKe ¬ [t_ts0wKa}]wKjowK_ ¬ _h^`lno[tefa+gtp-wKeU[´cd^²°$ÃUwTah[´ahU[´gbU_bu`[]°=gyw`À`jow=²^`j4À ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gFsf°
xwKUl_bwwKn ©[]a.^`j³'Ív A``
f^fÎprnoU^`_+l·Ív ²KKprTKKfÎk^`e)
l !lnz^`_va'[]a.^`jÆÄÍÆ`KK`^fÎO
".65FE;"F55"V/!
Ça©nog^`eÁ[]g+gb[tefahno^`jr\U_+wK\0[t_va!°±w`- ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg#ahwytw`eah^`noe±uK[]_b°±jon¯a+ahj4[klUUgvaw`_©]wKjol ¬ ^`g]p=]wKc±\C^`_+[]l
ahw¢gb\Uno_+^`jog]p-^`eUlÉ^Tttw`_+lUn4e ¬ j4°eUw¢\U_b[tgb[tefaylC^²°5gbah^`_FwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe FÏÄUnogxn4gF\0[t_+U^`\Ug}^_+[t^`g+w`eɧ'f°
^`gvah_+w`\Uf°gbno]nogba+gFC^²uK[ªs¹[][teµ^`j¯§k^²°=g.u`[t_v°$¿T[t[teµw`e5lU[]a+[tOahnoe ¬ vÈU n4e$[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gt4
g+[OUj_b[]u=no[O§'g
^`_b[ ¬ n¯uK[]e5sf°ºuT^`e }w`_+¿`w`c¼Ð È=Unoc±noeUwAu=noÍv ²KKfÎÄ^`s0wKaahUF
[ p0'U\¹[]e»Ív ²KKfÎwK_'ahU[EmÄqEp
xwKUl_bwwKn FÍv A`KfÎk^`s0wKaÄa+U[}lUUgba.^`eln4wKeUno][tl ¬ ^Tgt
;
ÄÏ U[{g+_buK[O°«s° }wKl_+w=wKn .[Oa^`jÆ%Í AK`
K^fÎ.lU[t^`jogx§'n4a+«^%]wKc±\Ujo[Oah[´gh^Tcd\Uj4[%ÍScd^ ¬ en4ahlU[
jon4cdn¯ah[]lrÎ
wT w`M`xwKsb[]]a+g©wKsg+[t_vuK[]lÁnoe±©Ë3p^`eUl±^`j4g+w}noe{^F¾Cj¯ah[t_n4g+wKjo^Tahn4e ¬ a+U[b 6 ? C[tc±nogbg+now`e
jon4eU[tg]#RtwKc±\C^`_bnogbwKenogka+U[te%\0wKg+gbnosUj4[xw`
ahU[}w=t]U_+_b[teU][`pCjow=²^Tjonot^Tahn4wKed^`eUlº^`c±wKUefa'w`8lUUgva^TeUl
now`eUno][tl ¬ ^`g´Í xwKUl_bwwKn .[]ay^`j³{ AK`
KsCÎO
FUwTahnoe ¬ ahU[{^TahUw`_+gxÀKÏÄU[±^`c±wKUefa+gFw`©lU[]a+[t]ah^`sUj4[
lUUgvax^`el5nowKenot[]l ¬ ^Tg.n4g ¬ []eU[t_+^`joj¯°%g+cd^`joj³pCw`wK_blU[t_ A 7 A A
=·w`lUUgva}^`eUl· A`Y ² 7OA
=wT
now`eUno][tl ¬ ^`gbÀU©ÏÄ[tg+[g+cd^`joj ^`c±wKUefahg^`_b[yl[]ah[]]a+[tl5n4eº_bwK ¬ j4°º` w`8ahU[y[tj4jono\ahnot^`jog]#wTah ¬ ^`g
^`eUlºlUUgva\C^Ta+a+[t_beUgÄah[telahw{s0[}t[tefa+_h^`j4j4°j4wt^Tah[]lMpsa'§'n4ahwKa'lU[Oa^`n4jo[tl%]wK_+_b[tjz^Iahnow`eM
ew`ahU[]_Fg+_buK[O°µsC^`gb[tlÉU\0wKe5ah[´Rtw`jowKU_bgw`
K
ÁeU[²^`_bsf°µÄ~gC^`gxs0[t[teµ\UsUjon4g+U[]lµsf°
n4C^`_+lÍv AK LK^p- AK L`sMp8 AKM L`Tp
AKKfKÎ Jkn4a]wKeUt[]efah_h^Iah[tgU\¹w`e$ahU[lUn4̹[t_b[teU][tg.w`lUUgvaxtw`ea+[tefa
^`eUlºlUn4gbah_bnosUahnow`es¹[Oa!§[][t9
e W;XÆ ^`eUl YKZTÄpCwK_Äs0[]a!§©[t[]e r^Tav!tw`_+[}^`eUlº\0w;§©[t_!jo^A§ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gt
ÏÄU
[ FÈÏ*wKsUg+[]_buT^Ta+nowKeUgC^²uK[ysU_bwK ¬ fa.noc±\¹wK_va^`efaÄe[]§W¿eUwA§'jo[]l ¬ [yw`#lUgba.w]tU_b_+[]eUt[ª^`eUl
¬ []wKcd[Oah_v°¢noe¢ah[y][tefah_+^`j
_+[ ¬ nowKe%w`vÈ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g J
^`U[]_'[]a.^`jÆoÍv ²KfKÎp_+w`c Ë jon ¬ akcÁ^`\g UuT^`e
ZFwK¿¿Uc¼Ð iC_h^Te·Ív ²KfKÎpU_+wKc]wKefah_+^`gba.[teUU^`eUt[]l$n4cÁ^ ¬ [tg riCwK_bs¹[]g'[]a.^`jÆÍv ²KfKÎk^`el5mk^`_bwKjoj4w
[]a^`j³}Ív A`fKÎOpCs0w`a+_+w`cË.= ©cÁ^T\UgtÄka.noc±\U_+wAu`[tl$_b[tgbwKjoa+nowKe^`eUl5È `R_h^Ta+nowUpCc±wK_b[^TeUl$c±wK_+[
c±noeah[ylUUgva[t^TahU_b[tg{Íjz^`e[tgtpr¾Cjo^`cd[]efahgwK_lUwTahgÎ^`_+[ylU[Oah[tOah[]lMp-^`j¯§k^²°=geU[t^`_.a+U[ª][tefah[]_xw`#a+U[
gba+UlUn4[tl ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]´jojon4\ahn4²^`j4g§'n¯ahÉjz^T_ ¬ [Ew`_ ¬ ^`enot[]lÉlUUgbaygv°gvah[]cdg]pg+n4cdn4jz^`_'ahw¢a+UwKg+[{n4e«jo^Tah[]_
a!°=\¹[]gtpr_+[]cÁ^Tnoe¢[O=a+_+[tc±[tj¯°¢_h^T_+[`pCw`_'^Ta!°=\Unot^`jÆ
Ça}C^`g}s0[t[]e«¿eUwA§'e·g+noet[Eah[±\UsUjon4²^Ta+nowKe$w`lC^Ta^_bwKc 'xÈ»$Í !e_h^`_b[tlÉgvah_+w`eUwKc±no²^Tj
È^Ta+[tj4jon4a+[AÎFCÍ _xeC^`\U\[]a.^`j³ AM L`fΩahC^IalUgba.nog'lU[]a+[tOah[tlµn4e%cÁ^`ef°%[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4g©_bwKc ah[tno_'ah[t_+cd^`j
_h^TlUnz^Ta+nowKeº^TaKd^`eUlÅ A` cºÄ]twK_blUnoe ¬ ah!
w }wKl_+w=wKn ÄÐ lU[ `wKe ¬ Í AKfKÎpCS^`_v [tgba+nocd^Tah[]l
lUUgvaÄcd^`g+gb[tgÄ^`_b[w`?a+[tejo^`_ ¬ [t_s°Á^`ew`_+lU[]_kw`-cd^ ¬ eUn¯ahUl[a+C^`elUgbaÄcd^`g+gb[tgkt^`jo]Ujz^Iah[tld_+wKc¨ah[
gba+Ul°%w`(lUUgvajo^`eU[]g.^TeUl\U^TahU[]gtRlUn4̹Ug+[}lUgba.twKc±\¹w`eU[tefanogÄ\0wKgba+Ujz^Iah[tl¢a+wdsU_bnol ¬ [FahU[ ¬ ^`\
ÏÄU[\U_+wKsjo[tc wTlUn4̹Ugb[lUgbaFn4e5Ä~ gC^`gs0[t[te5^`eC^`j¯°][tl$^`jogbwÁsf°%¶ n4a+a[Oax^`j³}Ív A`fKÎÄ^`eUlº¶ nog+[
ÐÂÈnoj¯u`^Ív AK`fÎO#*lUnogbtUgbg+now`eºsf°¢noC^T_+l«ÍÆTKKfΩgb ¬K¬ []gba+g'a+C^TaÄn¯ahg©[]̹[t]awKe¢]wKjow`_ ¬ _+^`lUno[]efahgkn4g
eUw`a'gbn ¬ en4¾Ct^`efa²
iCwK_yeUwK_+cd^`j[t^`_+j¯°Æa!°=\¹[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg]p8a+US
[ ¨gb\¹[]]ah_bUc nogynoe·\C^`_balUU[±ahw%ahU[dsUjz^T¿fÇs¹w=l°
_h^TlUnz^Ta+nowKeÁw`8twKj4lºgva^`_bgÍah[]cd\0[t_+^Tah_+[xeU[t^`_'f`K
_yKÎ Unoe¢\C^T_baÄahw{UwTa'lUUgbaªÍ?ah[tc±\0[t_h^IahU_b[}^`_+wKeUl
KK _yÎ\U_b[tg+cÁ^`sj4°5gbU_+_bwKUeUlnoe ¬ ¬ nz^Tea+gtp8^`eUlµa+wº]wKjolµlUgbaÁÍa+[tc±\¹[]_h^Ta+U_+[±^`_bwKUeUlÉ
f _yÎ
w`ÄlwKUsabUjjow=²^`j4no²^Iahnow`eM{ÏÄUS
[ !e_+^`_+[]l»È\C^Tt[¢qFsUgb[t_vu`^IahwK_v°·w`_ vÈq´p8wK\0[t_+^Tahn4wKeC^`js0[]a!§©[t[]e
.wAu`[tcEs0[t_{ AKK^`eUlÉ\U_bnoj© AKM Lp sU_+wK ¬ fay^¢§©[²^Tj4ahÉw`eU[O§ n4ewK_+cd^Ta+nowKeUg.^`s0wKa}^TjojgbwKU_bt[tg
w` R_h^TlUnz^Ta+nowKe%n4eah[ª_h^Te ¬ [ª Av`K cº'jojon4\ahn4²^`j ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg'C^²uK[ªs¹[][teµ_+[]jz^Ta+n4u`[tj4°eU[ ¬ j4[tOah[tl
UwA§©[]uK[]_tp#n4eµahU[{[²^T_+j4°§w`_+¿5_+w`c vÈUq lC^Ia^{_+[]jon4cdn4eC^`_b°_+[]g+Uj¯ahgy^`_b[ ¬ n4uK[]e·sf°«in4É[]a^`jÆ
Ív ²KM LfÎpr$^`lUl[te5Ð ËFn ¬ _+wKÉÍv A`KfÎOÏÄU[yg+_buK[O°ºw`a+U[xËFno_ ¬ w{tj4Ugba+[t_'sf°ºwKg+[]joj4nM[]a^`jÆÍ AKM LKÎ
tw`eah^`noegxwKeUj4°$wKeU[ ¬ no^`efax[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j³}ir[]_+_+^`_+n#[Oay^`jÆÍÆ``fKÎ^`_b[{cdwK_b[ ¬ []eU[t_bwKUgx§'n4a+«lU^Ta^wK_
L%[²^`_bj4°fÇa!°=\0[ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg Jyc±nol Ñg+\0[tOah_h^pUn4ea+gª^Ts¹wKaya+U[±lUnogvah_+n4sUa+nowKeMp
[]gbahn4cÁ^Iah[tg}w`ÀKUw`a
lUUgvahÀdcÁ^`gbg+[]gtkÏ8wÁgbUc U\MpC§'Un4jo[xahU[y[On4gbah[]eUt[w`#À`lUn4̹Ug+[]ÀdlUgba.noeÄ~gnog't[]_bah^`noeMprn¯ahg'g+\C^Iahnz^Tj
A
lUn4gbah_bnosUahnow`e¢_+[tcd^`n4eUgkUeU¿eUwA§'eM
#?( N5 "! E;"
=È a+_+wKe ¬ a.Ç_h^²°=g.[]cdn4g+g+n4wKe¢§k^Tg.wKUelº§'n¯aha+U[n4eUgba+[tn4e)a!_h^²°=gqxsg+[t_vuT^TahwK_v°%_+wKc]joUgvah[]_+g
w` ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg^`eUlº_+wKc ¬ nz^`efa[tj4jono\ahnot^`jogFͳiCwK_bcÁ^`eº[]a^`j³ AMLK¹mk^`eUnot^`_+[]g.[OaF^TjÆF ALf0ir^`sUsUno^`eUw
[]ax^`jÆ´ A`fKÎOw`_+[E\0wA§[]_bUj#n4eUgba+_+Uc±[tefa+gtpMwK_.s¹w`a+µnocd^ ¬ []_b°^`eUlµgb\¹[]]ah_bwKg+]wK\f°Kp
§[]_+[ CwA§'e
wKeµFÈUm ÍS§k^`¿n[Oa}^`jÆ{ A``O
8$^Ta+g+Uc±w`a+w[]ay^`j³{ AKfKÎpM^`elµwKe«Äq}ÈÏÍSZx^²un4gFж Un4a+[
AK`fÎOxiCU_vahU[]_Fnoc±\U_bw;u`[tc±[tefahg.§[]_+[E[²^Tg+nosjo[w`_.ah[EnoeUgvah_bUcd[]efahgxwKe5s0wf^`_blµw` 5#?E^`eUl
F w`Ä^¢[]§^T_+tgb[t±wK_FahU[
7 !="Cps0w`a+·jo^`UeUU[]ln4eÊ ²KKp-§'n4a+^Te^`e ¬ Ujz^T_i8¶
jz^Iah[t_}^TeUl¸ d^`_btg+[]±w`_ 5#<`
AiC_+w`c®ahU[{_b[tt[]efaª_b[]u=no[O§¨\C^`\0[t_bgysf°·È^T_h^`]noe¸Ív A`fKÎF^`eUl
-w[O§[]eUgba+[tn4e»Ív A`KfΩ§©[ªcd^A°g+Uc±cÁ^T_+no][}^`g'wKjoj4w;§'gÄa+U[yS^Tg+tn4eC^Ta+noe ¬ \U_bwK\¹[]_ba+no[tg'w` ¬ nz^Tea.Ä~ g.n4e
a.Ç_h^²°=
gJ
ÄÏ U[Na!_+^A°=g}jocdn4eUwKg+n¯ahn4[tg'w`©Ä~gdÍSn4e5ahU[´_+^`e ¬ [Á A`Y ? A 7V}[t_ ¬ TgÎ.^`_+[´]wK_+_b[tjz^Iah[tl5§'n¯ah
a+U[tn4_kwK\a+no²^Tj jocdn4eUwKg+n¯ahn4[tgtpsUaħ'n4ah¢]wKeUgbnolU[]_h^`sUj4[Fg+t^Ta+a+[t_ÍÆmk^TeUnot^`_+[]gÄ[]a^`j³k AMLf`ÎOp^`eUlº^
j4w ¬ ^`_bn4ahcdn4.gbjowK\0[xcEUºjz^`_ ¬ [t_©ahC^`e« KpUn³[T V
ÏÄU`
[ a!_h^²°¢[]cdn4g+gbnowKe¢[a+[teUlgwKa!§^`_blUg.n4e%^±jo^`_ ¬ [FC^`j4wUp§'n4a+%g+no][tg'w`8a!°=\Unot^`joj¯°%;h A O
a!_h^²°=g'_+wKc¼Ä~ gF^`_b[n4e\C^T_ba.lUU[}ahwda+U[t_bcÁ^Tj-[tc±nog+gbnowKe%_+w`c lUn4̹Ug+[ ¬ ^`gU[t^Tah[]l5^Ta.g+wKc±[
A ^ _¦wK_[]uK[]eÉcdwK_b[`}ÏÄU[]_+cd^`j[]Ã=nojon4sU_+n4Uc w=tt_+gxs0[]a!§©[t[te«U[t^Tahn4e ¬ lUU[Ea+wahU[Ejo^`_ ¬ [
_b[tjz^Iahn4u`[{cdw`a+nowKegFw`a+U[ a.!_+^²°gy[tc±n4abahn4e ¬ gbah^`_+g]p^`el_h^TlUnz^Ta+n4u`[´tw=wKjon4e ¬ !eUtn4lU[tefah^`joj¯°Kp
a+U[t_b[dn4g}^`jogbw$^%C^`_blU[t_}tw`cd\0wKeU[]eaylU[±a+wsU_bn ¬ faygba+[tj4jz^`_FgbwKU_bt[tgg+UÅ^`gxahU[ a.Ç_h^²°=g
sUn4eC^`_bno[tg]p(§'Un4Ų^TeÅeUwA§¦s¹[dnoeUlUn¯u=nolUC^Tjoj4°$lU[]a+[tOah[tlŧ'n¯ah»mU^`eUlU_+^$noe«ËFno_ ¬ w$]joUgvah[]_
¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]g}ÍƺUg+UwTaht¿f°º[]a.^`j³`K ;ÎO
ÏÄU[´[]cdn4g+gbnowKejonoe[tgn4e$ahF
[ a.Ç_h^²°=gx_h^`e ¬ [E^`j4jowA§R[tgvahnocd^Ta+[tgwT^`sUUeUlU^`eUt[]g}w`iC[`p
Èn^`eUl
^d[O§ w`ahU[]_[]jo[tc±[tefa+gtFÏÄU[´_b[tgbUj4a+gF²^`e$s¹[E_b[t]wKeUtn4jo[]l$§'n4a+5wK\a+no²^Tj8lU^Ta^µÍS-w[O§[]eUgba+[tnoe
A`KfÎOµ.sUUeUlU^`eUt[]g´u`^T_+nz^Iahnow`eUgy§'n¯ahÅ_b[tlUgbUn4?aE²^`e»eUwA§¦s¹[¢gvahUlno[tl ͳUgbUw`ah]¿f°»Ð
-w=[]§©[teUgvah[tn4e A`fKÎ
ÄÏ U[yUw`a a!_h^²°=g'[tc±n4abahnoe ¬E¬ ^`għ'Un4º¾Cj4jogkcd^`ef°¢sU_bn ¬ fa'[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4g©n4gkS^Ta^Tj ahw{lUUgva.§'n¯ahUn4e%^
g+wK_ba.ahnoc±[yg+²^Tjo[UFc±\Un4_+not^`j-tw`eUg+[]Ã=[teU][tgyC^²uK[Es0[t[]eµlUnogbtUgbg+[tlÉsf° }wKl_+w=wKn yÍÆ``KfÎOp0g+
^`gÄah[^Tea+n¯ÇtwK_b_+[tjo^Tahn4wKeÁs0[]a!§©[t[]e$ah[ycd^`gbg+[tg'w`(lUUgvaF^TeUl%w`T a!_h^²°=g'sU_+n ¬ fa ¬ ^`g]
;
M2 ¥J S6¢@U:
QW@>²>²7=:ÁQWJ-687*
-2 2
<³6
7(GK7=B Ç Jr:Á>;H
7A8:;7=Bt7(GK75J¢@U: ¸QW@>t>A7:
Ci wK_'cdw`_+[xahC^Teµ`´°K[t^`_+g]p0a+U[]wKefah_bnosUa+nowKeºw`cÁ^`gbg+n¯uK[Zx^`_+¿%^Ta+a+[t_C^`jow`gU^`g.s0[t[]e$Ugb[tl
ahwd[O\Ujo^`noeºahU[ r^Ta_+w`ah^Tahn4wKe%tU_vuK[tgxwTg+\Un4_h^`j ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gtpCs0w`ah§'n4ahnoe%ahU[wK\ahn4²^`j-_+^`lUn4Ug^TeUl5noe
ah[´[O=ah[]eUlU[tl [tefuK[]jowK\0[tgÁͳ©wKg+cd^5 Af L
Usnoeµ[]a^`j³d ²M Lf 8ÈwTU[{Ð 'UsUn4e«`K ;ΪÏÄU[
_+[]jz^Ta+n4u`[EtwKefa+_+nosahn4wKe5w`ahU[´gva^`_bg}^`eUlÉZ} ahwa+U[EahwTa^`j(cÁ^`gbgx_+[]cÁ^`n4eUgFUet[t_va^`n4eMpMgb\¹[]tnz^Tjoj4°
ahwA§^`_+lg.ah[ªt[]efah_h^Tj(_b[ ¬ n4wKeUgt !c±\U_bw;u`[tlµ¿noe[tcd^Tahn4tgͳ(^`joUeU^`gÐѶ n4joj4nz^`c±g'`K`fÎkcÁ^²°%jo[t^`la+w
ÀKeUwI!C^`j4wKÀ±cdw=lU[tj4g§'n¯ahUn4ea+U[EwK\a+not^`j
_h^`lUn4Ugtp ^`j4a+UwK ¬ ah[EUeU][t_bah^`noefa!°noeºahU[{ `_h^Ta+nowÁwT
ah[Fgbah^`_+gÄj4[²^²uK[F_bww`c¦wK_©g+wKc±[FlC^T_+¿dZ}®twKc±\¹w`eU[tefa²ÏÄ[xg+n4a+C^Ta+nowKednogew`akah[Fgh^`c±[wK_l§k^T_b
¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gtpf§'U[t_b[x^gbUsUgva^`efahno^`j¹^`cdw`Uefaw`MlC^`_+¿{cd^Ta+a+[t_nog_+[]ÃUno_b[tlÉ$Í .w=[t¿gba+_h^ª[OaÄ^`j³`K ;ÎOpf§'n4a+
^`e$^Au`[t_+^ ¬ [E\U_b"w b[tOah[]lµlU[teUgbn4a!°ºwKeU[wK_+l[t_w`cd^ ¬ eUn¯ahUlU[ ¬ _b[²^Ta+[t_'ahC^`eahC^Ta.w`#a+U[ªe[ta+_h^`j ¬ ^`g]
!eµg+\n4ah[´wTahU[´Uet[t_va^`n4efahno[]gFnoe5a+U[E_b[tÃUno_b[tl«^`c±wKUefaFwTZ} n4eUg+n4lU[ªa+U[EwK\a+not^`j_+^`lUnogtp¹a+U[
_+wTa^Ta+nowKe{t_buK[]gtpU[]n4a+U[t_w`-gb\Uno_+^`jogwK_l§^`_bg]pnoelUnot^Tah[Äah[.\U_b[tgb[teU][xw`Mj4w;§ lU[teUgbn4a!°±tw`_+[tg©noeUgvah[t^`l
w`#a+U[´mkZ} tUgb\UgF\U_b[tlUn4]ah[]l5sf°ºe=cd[]_+not^`j
g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUgyÍSlU[ªjow`¿%ШwKg+cd^TKf xeU[tlUn4e5Ð
C^`wd``f r$^T_+U[]g+noen-[]a.^`jÆ`KfKÎ
ÏÄU[´gbn4ahU^Tahn4wKe$n4gg+w`cd[]UwA§Âgbnoc±nojo^`_'noe$a+U[E²^Tg+[Ew` ¬ no^`efa[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog J©ahU[ªuT^`_bnz^Ta+nowKeºw`a+U[
`Å_+^Tahn4wdn4g'eUw`a.g+ ±tn4[tefahj¯°ºtwKeUgvah_+^`noeU[]lMpr§'n4ahnoe%ahU[ywK\a+no²^Tj8_+^`lUn4UgÍa!°=\Unot^`joj¯°µ ªw`_F
bÎOprahw
^`gbt[t_va^`n4eÉ[]uK[]efahC^`jZ}½]wKefah_+n4sUa+nowKeUg]EiCwK_Fn4eUgbah^`eU][`p8qF_ba+[ ¬ ^%ÐlU[{iC_+[tn¯a^`gF^`U[]twÅÍv AM L`fÎ
tw`eUgba+_+UOah[tl$g+[tj¯z!]wKeUg+n4gba+[tefa°=lU_bwl°eU^`cdn4²^`j cdw=lU[tj4gkwK_Äg+n =ah[t[]e ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gtpC^TeUl]wKeU]joUlU[]la+C^Ta
c±wKgbaxwTa+U[tc C^²uK[±^`eµn4eUt_b[²^`gbnoe ¬ TÊ_+^Tahn4wÁ§'n4a+ ¬ ^`jz^T]ahw=t[]efah_+n4ElUn4gba^TeUt[TpMg+U\\¹wK_vahn4e ¬ ahU[
\U_b[tg+[]eUt[Áw`'Z}·8n4eUeU[]°É[OaE^TjÆoÍv AK`fÎOp-uT^`e«lU[t_E$^`_+[]j[]a´^TjÆµÍ AKKKÎx_b[²^`[tl^`e·wK\U\0wKg+n¯ah[
tw`eUtj4Ug+n4wKeME©[t_ba+noeÉ[]ay^TjÆ¢Í AKf`Î.noefah[]_+\U_b[]a+[tlµahU[{¿noe[tcd^Tahn4²^`j8lC^Tah^%wT. ²%s_+n ¬ aF[tjoj4no\a+not^`jog
Ugbnoe ¬ ]wKjoj4nogbnowKeUj4[tgbg.gb[tj4zÇtwKeg+nogvah[]eaFcdw=lU[tj4g^TeUl5wKUeUlµgbwKc±[ª[]u=n4lU[teU][´wK_lC^T_+¿ºcÁ^Tabah[]_t}w`_+[
_+[]t[]ea+j4°`pqF_vah[ ¬ ^%[Oa^`jÆ%Í AKM LKÎ._+[Oun4g+n¯ah[tlµa+U[{l°=eC^`c±notgxwTk^¢gh^Tcd\Uj4[´w`©[tjoj4no\a+not^`jogsC^`gb[tl«wKe
eU[O§Â¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4²^`j
lC^Ia^^`elµwKe `[²^TeUgF[tÃC^Iahnow`eUgtp-^TjojowA§'n4e ¬ w`_wKsUjo^Tah[^`eUlµ\_+wKjo^Tah[ygba+_+UOahU_b[tgt
mwKc±\C^`_bnog+w`eºwT(a+U[_b[tgbUj4a+noe ¬ `·_h^Ta+nowKg§'n¯ah%uT^`joU[]g'lU[t_bn4uK[]l_bwKc [OuKwKj4ahn4wKeC^`_v°c±wlU[]jogÄlUw=[tg
eUw`a}gb[t[]cahw%jo[t^Au`[{_+w=wKc w`_}^`eÉnoc±\¹wK_va^`efa}^TcdwKeaFw`kZ}½n4eUg+n4lU[EahU[{[OÌ []]ahn¯uK[{_h^TlUnoUg]p-eUw`a
g+\U\¹w`_bahn4e ¬ ahU[]no_Ä\U_b[]u=now`Ug'twKeU]joUgbnowKegt
ÈUµeUt[]_ba^Tnoefahn4[tgU^Au`[´eUw`as¹[][teµtw`cd\Uj4[]a+[tj4°_+[tc±wAuK[]lµs°ºah[E_+[]t[tefaxn4cd\_+wAuK[]cd[]ea+gFnoe
gba+[tj4jz^`_.¿=n4eU[tcd^Ta+notg´ÍSg+[][dÈ[tOa²{fÎEqFeµahU[´wTahU[]_xC^`eUlMpMa+U[´eUcEs0[t_xw`Ä~gxgbU_+_bwKUeUl[tl«s°
_+n4e ¬ gxn4gFÃUn4a+[´g+cd^`joj³pM^`eUlµa+U[]°É^T_+[ ¬ []eU[t_+^`joj¯°$\0[t]Ujono^`_FnoeµgbwKc±[´_+[tgb\¹[]]aÁÍuT^`e xwK_+¿TwKcÐ
ÈUn4cdn4eUwAu=noMp- A`KfÎOiCwK_ka+U[tgb[ªwKs b[]]a+gtpCahU[ylU[Oah[t_bcdn4eC^Ta+nowKe¢w`(ahU[y^`c±wKUefaw`cÁ^`gbg'noeº^±lU^`_+¿
C^`j4w{nogg+noc±nojo^`_©a+w±a+U[y\U_+w=t[]lUU_+[ª^`lUwK\ah[tlºwK_'g+\Un4_h^`j4gt[t_vahwKjo^{[OaF^TjÆxÍ AKKKÎk^`eC^`j¯°gb[tlº¾UuK[ª'~ g
tw`cEsUnoenoe ¬ a+U[d `¸_+^Tahn4w¢lU[t_bn4u`[tl·_bwKc®l°eU^`cdn4tgxw`ah[±n4eUeU[]_xnowKeUn4t[]l ¬ ^`g}^`eUlÉahU[{wKah[t_
eU[]ah_+^`j(_bnoe ¬ ÄÏÄU[]°ºwKUeUl$^Átw`eUgbah^`efa} `_+^Tahn4w{§'n¯ahUn4A
e Op0s¹[]twKc±noe ¬ uK[]_b°jz^`_ ¬ [}noeºahU[_+noe ¬
L
_+[ ¬ now`eM
qahU[]_'¿=n4eU[tcd^Ta+no²^Tj¹ah_+^`t[]_+g'C^²uK[ys0[t[te%wKUelUgb[]UjDJ
^fÎjo^`eU[]ah^`_b°deU[]sUUjz^T[±Í³FÎt^`e¢s¹[x_b[t]w ¬ eUn4t[tl%n4eÁahU[xw`ah[]_ ¬ ^`jz^;°±_b[ ¬ n4wKeUgkw`8j4w;§ gbU_bS^`][
sU_bn ¬ fahe[tg+g]pC^`eUl%^Ttt_h^Ta+[x_h^`lUno^`jruK[tj4w]n4a+no[tg©lU[t_bn4u`[tl¢_+wKc¨a+U
[ q ?< M[]cdn4g+gbnowKedw`
ahU[]no_[]efuK[tj4wK\0[tg
ÍS._+eC^Ts¹wKj4lUn(Ð iC_+[][tcd^`eÅ AK`fÎO}_beC^`s0wKjoln[]ax^`jÆdÍv ²KKp( AKM LfÎp
[]eUlU[t±^Tax^`jƱͳ`K ;ÎC^²uK[
c±[²^`gbU_+[]l5uK[tj4w]n4a+no[tg'n4eºU^`jowKg'w`(g+[OuK[]_h^`j ¬ nz^Tea ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgtp ¬ n4u=noe ¬ _bah[t_l°=eC^`c±no²^TjMg+U\\¹wK_va
ahw´a+U[}\U_+[]g+[tet[ªwT#^{Z}C^`jow´n4e¢ahUwKgb[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]
srÎ xjowKsUjz^`_.tj4Ugba+[t_+gd,Í mÄÎgbU_+_bwKUeUlUgyjz^T_ ¬ [ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgFn4e5u`^T_+nz^TsUjo[EeUcªs¹[]_+gy^`eUlɲ^Te·s0[
Ugb[]Ujah_+^`t[]_+g}w`ahU[{C^Tjow%\¹wTah[tefa+nz^`j'ͳmwKU[]e^`elÄ°=tUwAu» AKK _}n4g+gbjo[t_(^Tahn ¬ []ay^`j³¢ AKM Lp
AK` rn4eUeUn4a+n [Oa^TjÆk A`M LfÎO
!eµg+[OuK[]_h^`jt^`g+[]gtpMah[Enoew`_+cd^Tahn4wKeº_bwKc a!§w%wK_.cdw`_+[ªwTa+U[´^`s0wAuK[ªa+[tUenoÃU[tg}]wKUjol$s¹[
sU_bwK ¬ faFa+w ¬ []a+U[t_.ahw¢tw`eUgba+_h^`n4e5l°=eC^`c±not^`jc±wl[tjog]}È[OuK[t_+^`j#[U^Tcd\Uj4[tgFwT©n4eUt_b[²^`gbnoe ¬ uK[tj4w]n4a!°
lUn4g+\0[t_+gbnowKe»^Ia{jz^`_ ¬ [ ¬ ^`jo^`]a+w][tefah_bnolnogbah^`eU][tg{C^²uK[%s0[t[te»wKUelMpnoc±\Uj4°=noe ¬ ^`e»noet_+[t^`g+n4e ¬
wKa!§^`_blUg} `Å_+^Tahn4wdlU[a+w^ÁZ} [tefuK[]jowK\0[¢$Í _}_bwKeC^²§'n4abah[]_.[Oax^`j³`KKfÎÄÂlnog+]Ug+gbnowKe$w`#ah[
lC^Tah^´s° }[]_+C^`_blº^`eUlº^`jÆÄÍÆ`K ;ÎOpUn4eUlUn4²^Ta+[tgÄ^EuT^`_+no^Tahn4wKew`# `ɧ'n4a+«noe%^ ¬ _+[t[]cd[]efa§'n¯ah¢ah[
À`a+noj4a+ÀEw`8ahU[yiCUeUlU^`cd[]efa^`j
jz^TeU[`
eÉn4cd\0wK_bah^`efaFc±[]a+Uwl5a+w¢gba+Ul°ÉZ}½noeµ[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog'nogFsU^`g+[]l·wKe5a+U[´[On4gbah[]eUt[±w`C a.Ç_h^²°
C^`j4wKg´Íg+[][±È[tOahnow`e« = KÎxÏÄU[´tw`e¾CeU[]cd[]ea}wTahU[]g+[´Uw`3
a a.!_+^²°$]wK_+wKeU^`[´^`_bwKUeUlÉ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg
_+[]ÃUno_b[tg.^dcd^`g+gbn4uK[yC^`j4wͳiCwK_+cd^`e%[]a^`j³ AM LK rir^`sUsUno^`eUwº AM LKfÎpCnoeUlno²^Iahnoe ¬ `Å_h^Iahnow`gÄnoe%ahU[
_h^Te ¬ [ A;+ LKUw`a+[´Ð¦mk^`eUn4²^`_b[tg{Í AKM LfÎÄeUw`a+no][tlÉ^ÁlUn¯Ì []_+[]eaFnog+w`\UUw`ah^`j ¬ [twKc±[]a+_b°%wK_ a!_+^A°=g
^`eUldwK\a+no²^TjCjon ¬ an4eÁ0
m ``#ÏÄUb[ a.Ç_h^²°{nogbwK\UUw`a+[tg©^`_+[c±wK_+[[tj4wKe ¬ ^Ta+[tld^`eUl±ahU[]no_cÁ^ bw`_©^;[]g
^`_b[Fcdn4gh^`j4n ¬ e[tl´§'n4a+¢_+[tgb\¹[]]aÄa+wªahU[wK\ahn4²^`j³T Ç
cd^Ta+a+[t_§[]_+[xlUn4gbah_bnosUah[tl^`gknoedahU[Fw`\ahn4²^`j0jon ¬ fa²p
n4a.tw`UjoleUw`aF\_+w=lUUt[yahU[wKsUgb[t_bu`[tlÉ[tj4jon4\ahn4tn4a+no[]gkw`#a+U
[ a!_h^²°ºnogbwK\UUwTah[tg^`eUl$a+U[]°ºn4ea+[t_b\U_+[Oah[tl
ahnog[OÌ []]a}^TgF^Á]wKeUg+[]ÃU[teU][{w`ahU[\U_+[]g+[]eUt[´w`^dcÁ^`gbg+n¯uK[EZ} C^`jow..jog+wd_+wKc¼wK\a+not^`j8^`eUl
a.Ç_h^²°¢lC^Ia^prk^TU²^`j4jM[]a.^`j³Ív A`fKÎtw`eUtj4UlU[tlºahC^IaÄahU[ª `«_h^Ta+now{noeU]_+[t^`g+[]g§'n¯ah%_h^`lnoUg'U\%ahw
uT^`jo[tgw`^`s0wKay AK; ;`d Í yÎ T -Í yÎÄwK_.^dg+^`c±\Ujo[}w`Ä~ gtprahU[]g+[ªuT^`j4U[tgs0[tnoe ¬ ]wKcd\U^`_h^`sjo[
§'n4a+ahUw`g+[FwKUel%w`_ktj4Ugba+[t_+g]©wK_+[x_b[t][tefagbahlUno[]gÄw`8cdn4t_+w`jo[teg+noe ¬ []̹[tOahg'wK_Än4eUgba+[tnoeº^`_btgÄn4e
tj4Ugba+[t_bgn4eUlUn4²^Ta+[Fcd[t^`e Ê_h^Ta+nowKgkwT#^`s0wKaÄf`pUgbU\U\0wK_ba+noe ¬ ^´gbUsUgbah^`efahno^`j
^`c±wKUefaÄw`(lUn4̹Ugb[
Z}noe%tj4Ugba+[t_bgt
M2 2 9-Jr: ·@>;<J ¸
J (@U: r7hB²GK@75BO>A:"(G`> :;7=B{@O(6 6
@U:
@>²>A7:ÁH
@J0B
!e·a+U[Á]U_+_b[tefaEgbt[]eC^`_+n4w$w`gba+_+UOahU_b[dwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe p ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg}^`_b[Á^`gbg+Uc±[tl·ahww`_+cºp8n4e^
lUn4g+g+n4\C^Ta+n4uK[\U_+w=t[]g+g]pMsf°5tw=wKj4noe ¬ ^`eUlµ]wKeUlU[]eUgh^Ta+nowKe$w` ¬ ^`g]p¹§'n4a+Unoe$lC^`_+¿ºcd^Ta+a+[t_C^`jow`g´Í¶ n4ah[
A
Ц[][tg´ Af L -j4Ucd[]efahC^`j8[]ax^`jÆ´ AL`
O¹¶ n4ah[EÐ iC_+[]eU¿« AK ;ÎxÏÄU[´C^`j4wKg.a+U[tc±g+[]j4u`[tgxwK_+c
^`eUl«[]u`wKj4u`[Ásf°É\UU_b[tj¯° ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j(cd[]C^`eUn4g+cºdÏÄUg]pwKe«g+t^`jo[]gy§'U[]_+[±ahU[ ¬ ^`gy\U_b[tg+gbU_+[
nogxgbUs0lUwKc±noeC^`efaxa+w ¬ _+^²un¯a!°Kp-ah[±[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeÉw` ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgxn4g ¬ wAuK[t_beU[tl·sf°µahU[{[]u`wKjoahnow`e«wTah[
UeUl[t_+j¯°=noe ¬ C^`j4wKgt
Çaª§^`gnoeUn¯ahnz^Tjoj4°ºs0[tj4no[]u`[tl«ahC^Tayah[t_+[d[Onogvahgªa!§©w5ÀK]wKefah_+^`lUnoOahwK_v°=Àc±[tC^TeUnogbcdgywK_xahU[
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeÉw`gba+_+UOahU_b[tgEn4e«a+U
[ eUn4u`[t_+gb[ Jªa+wK\ÇlUwA§'eÅg+][teC^`_bnowºtwKeg+nogvah[]eaª§'n4ah·^w`aªlU^`_+¿
cd^Ta+a+[t_c±w=lU[tj^`eUlÉ^Un4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j8g+][teC^`_bnow¢n4eµ^twKj4l5lC^`_b¿$cd^Ta+a+[t_EÍÆmkZ}53
Î eUn4u`[t_bg+[`
!e5ahU[
¾C_bgbaxgbt[teU^`_+n4wÉÍ []jÆ~ lUwAun4Å AfTfÎ r^Ia+ah[]eU[tlµ\U^`eU²^T¿`[OÇjon4¿`[Egvah_+]ah_+[tgFw`_+c ¾C_+gvaxwKe5jo^`_ ¬ [O!gb²^`j4[tg
ÍSgb²^`j4[tg.w`wK_+l[t_ª ² L 5=-Î^`eUl$a+U[te5_+^ ¬ c±[tefa.noefahwdg+cd^`joj4[t_'tj4Ucd\gnoeg+nol[y§'Un4 ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g^`_b[
g+[][tlU[]lM
!eµahU[´no[t_+^`_+no²^Tj#g+][teC^`_bnow«ÍS([t[]sUjo[]g{ AKfp AfKKÎg+cd^`joj(wKs b[tOahgx§©wKUjolµwK_bc ¾U_+gbatp
eUwKejonoe[²^`_bj4°dnoefah[]_h^`Oa^TeUl%cd[]_ ¬ [xahw´wK_bcjz^T_ ¬ []_ÄC^`jow`gk§'Unoº²^`e%ah[teºUwKgba ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gt Ça'nog'eUwA§
UeUl[t_+gvahw=wlahC^TaxmkZ} c±wl[tj
twKefah^`noeUg.[teUw` ¬ 5\0wA§[]_FwKe$jo^`_ ¬ [gb²^`j4[tg.a+ws0[]wKeUg+n4gba+[tefaF§'n4a+
ah[y¾C_bgba.g+][teC^`_bnowÁ^`g§©[tj4j8^`għ'n4ahºahU[yg+[]twKel5wKeU[TÄ
^`_ ¬ [!gb²^`j4[y_b[tlUgbUn4?agbU_bu`[]°=gxnoeUlno²^Iah[FahU^Ta
¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g'^`_+[}lUn4gbah_bnosUah[tl%wKe%¾Cjo^`cd[]efa^`_v°Æa!°=\¹[xgvah_+]ah_+[tgEͳU^`_h^`l§k^ Ä[]a.^`j³TKKfÎ.Uc±[t_bno²^Tj
g+n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKeUgk]wKe¾C_bcahC^TaeU[Oa!§w`_+¿gFw` ¬ nz^`efaħ^`joj4gyÍ []jÆ~ lUwAun4\U^`eU²^T¿`[tghÎ bwKn4eU[tl%sf°%¾Cjz^`c±[tefa+gtp
bwKn4eU[tla+U[tc±g+[]j4u`[tg{^TaªcÁ^`gbg+n¯uK[eUw=lU[]gtp#wK_bc w`ejz^`_ ¬ [dgb²^`j4[tg´^Ia´Un ¬ _+[]lUg+n4?ahgªnoe^ÉmkZ}
.en4uK[]_+gb[`\
.wA§©[]u`[t_tp ^TacEUg+cd^`joj4[t_Äg+t^`jo[]ga+U[yl°=eC^`c±notg^`_b[ewKeUjon4eU[²^T_'^`eUlu=n4_+nz^Tjono][tl¢C^TjowKg
tw`ea+noeUwKg+j4°ÁwK_+c s° ¬ _h^²u=n4a^Iahnow`eC^`j0twKj4jz^`\Ugb[}^`eUl ¬ _bw;§*sf°º^`t]_+[]a+nowKeº^`elc±[t_ ¬ [t_]
qFe{jz^`_ ¬ [kg+t^`jo[]gtpKa+U['[]uKw`joa+nowKe´w`0lC^T_+¿ªcd^Tabah[t_ CU]a+C^Ta+nowKeUgn4ggba+UlUno[]l{twKc±cdw`eUj4°yUgbnoe ¬ ah[
[tÃC^Iahnow`eUg.wTf°l_+w=l°=eC^`c±notg'wK_'tw`jojon4g+n4wKeUjo[]g+g CnolMkÏ8wd¾ºnolU[t^`gtpr§[twKeg+nol[t_.^`e5noegbah[]noeÇlU[
Èn¯a+ah[]_ eUn4u`[t_bg+[F§'n4a+
R KÏÄUn4g\U_bw;u=n4lU[tgÄ^ytwKefu`[teUn4[tefa'twKefa+[O=aħ'n4a+Unoe±§'UnoÁ§©[Ft^`e¢lUnogbtUgbg
!eµahU[´]wKcdwAu=noe ¬ _h^`c±[Ew`©^`e«noeUgvah[]noeÇlU[{Èn¯a+ah[]_
¬ []eU[t_+^`j#tw`eUt[]\ahgyw`gba+_+UOahU_b[{w`_+cd^Tahn4wKeM8
.en4uK[]_+gb[`pCahU[}]wKefahnoeUn¯a!°KprUj4[t_'^`eUl(w`nog+gbwKeº[tÃC^Ta+nowKeUg'^T_+[}_+[]g+\0[t]a+n4u`[tj4°¢§'_bn4abah[teº^`g]p
6=Í+Í 6 Î?(Î 6 Í 6 (Î V ÍS
fÎ
%
%
" %
%
§'U[]_+[xahU[xl[teUgbn4a!°¢]wKefah_h^Tgba'nog ÑÍ = Î ± s¹[Oa!§[][teºahU[xj4wt^`j¹l[teUgbn4a!
° d^`eUl¢ah[xsC^`¿ ¬ _+w`UeUl
lU[]eUg+n¯a!
° C p %%noga+U[Egb²^`j4[ªS^`]a+wK_x^`el ¸nog_+[tjo^Tah[]l$ahwa+U[´\0[ttjonz^T_u`[tjow=tn¯a!° ¸sf9
° "% $V
^`eU
l nog'_+[]jz^Ta+[tl%ahw{ahU[}\0[ttjonz^T_ ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j¹\¹w`a+[tefahno^`j 5sf
° Uͳ" %Y $VÎO !ea+U[}jon4eU[²^`_
_+[ ¬ noc±[ÁÍ §'U[]e ;ÎkahUn4ggv°gvah[]c®w`[]Ã=U^Tahn4wKeUgn4ggbwKj4u`[tlÉ^`eC^Tj4°ahn4²^`j4j4°KpU°=n4[tjolnoe ¬ wK_.a+U[
¬ _bw;§'n4e ¬ cdw=lU[Tp
ÍbÎ % % ÍÆ`Î
§'U[]_+[ (nogkah[lU[]eUg+n¯a!°%twKefa+_h^`gva^Iaa+U[}noeUn¯ahno^`j¹a+noc±[ %!©ÏÄUg]prg+noet[}ahU[}g+t^`jo[xS^`OahwK_]p %Cp ¬ _+wA§'g
^`g 8V +ÇY pClU[]eUg+n¯a!°¢twKefa+_h^`gva ¬ _+wA§'g^Tj ¬ []sU_h^`n4²^`j4j4°{n4e%a+U[}jon4eU[²^`__+[ ¬ noc±[{ÍSwKe%jo^`_ ¬ [xgb²^`j4[tghÎO
qFe5g+t^`jo[]g§'[t_+[ahU[l°=eC^`c±notg.^`_b[gvahnoj4j
jonoe[²^`_]pUahU[ ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j-^TeUl$uK[]jow=tn¯a!°%\¹w`a+[tefahno^`j
^`_b[[]Ã=n4uT^`jo[]efPa a+U[ª_bn ¬ fabÇC^`eUl=!g+n4lU[xw`Uj4[t_[tÃC^Ta+nowKenoeÍS
ÎkuT^`eUn4g+U[]gt'ÏÄUnogc±[²^`eUg'ahU^Ta
`
ah[EcdwTahnow`e$w`lC^T_+¿ºcÁ^Tabah[]_\C^`_vahn4tjo[]gn4e$ahUn4gahn4cd[}_h^Tcd[ÍSeUw`a+[ªahU^TaF§©[EC^²uK[{Ugb[tlµahU[ªg+²^Tjo[
S^`OahwK.
_ %µ^`g}wKU_}ahn4cd[EuT^`_bnz^`sjo[´noe«[tÃg]zÍ
Î}n4g}sC^`g+n4²^`j4j4°$noeU[]_bahno^`jÆ []jÆ~ lUwAun4·g+[tl·ahUn4gy_b[tgbUj4a
ahw¢l[tc±wKeUgba+_h^Ta+[ªah[EwK_+cd^Tahn4wKe$wT©t^`Ugvahno]g±ÍS_b[ ¬ n4wKeUgwT©n4e¾CeUn¯ah[lU[teUgbn4a!°µs0wKUelUnoe ¬ gbah_bU]a+U_+[]g
g+É^`g.\U^`eU²^T¿`[tghÎ.noeºg+[]j4z ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4e ¬ gb°=gba+[tc±g -^Te$[tj4[tc±[tefa.w`lC^`_b¿¢cÁ^Ia+ah[]_ CUnol$^Ta^`e$n4eUn4a+nz^`j
\0wKg+n¯ahnow`
e ÊcdwAuK[]g§'n¯ahn¯ahgynoeUn¯ahno^`juK[]jow=tn¯a!°Kp ©Í MÎOp#^TjowKe ¬ gba+_h^`n ¬ faªj4noeU[´a+_h^ b[]]ahw`_+no[]gªUefa+nojn4a
t_bwKg+gb[tg^`eUw`a+U[t_'[tj4[tc±[tefa.^Taħ'Un4$\0wKnoefa^{²^`Ugvahn4}w`_+c±gtÏÄU[ytwKefahn4eUn4a!°¢[]ÃC^Tahn4wKeºnoe·ÍS
Ît^`e
^`j4g+w{s¹[F§'_bn4abah[te^`g
0Í b?Î W 0Í -Î W 0Í bÎ lU[Oa;ÍD0WÍ MÎ W ]Î
ͳKÎ
§'U[]_+[ 0Í MÎ.nogahU[En4eUn4a+nz^`j-l[teUgbn4a!°µ^Iaah[´noeUn¯ahnz^TjM\C^`_vahno]jo[\¹wKgbn4a+nowKe$^`eUl 0Í Î.nogahU[El[teUgbn4a!°µ^Ia
ah[±\_+[tgb[tefay\C^`_vahno]jo[E\0wKgbn4ahn4wKe»Í 8ÎOEÏÄ[±l[teUgbn4a!°5¾C[]jolÉs0[ttw`cd[]gyn4e¾CeUn¯ah[%+Í ²^`Ugvahn4tgxwK_+cÁÎ
§'U[]e5ahU[El[]ah[]_+c±noeC^Tea.noeahU[ª^`s¹wAu`[E[O\U_b[tg+gbnowKe5uT^`enog+[tgtÏÄU[ElU[Oah[t_bcdn4eC^`efaFt^`e$uT^`eUn4g+5lU[
ahw±tw`jojz^T\Ug+[]g.^TjowKe ¬ wKe[`pCa!§wÁwK_^`joj a+U_+[][E^I[]g._b[tg+j4ahgnoe%ah[ywK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e¢w`#\C^TeU²^`¿T[tg]p¹¾Cjo^`cd[]efahg
^`eUl«eUw=lU[tg}_b[tg+\0[tOahn¯uK[tj¯°Kd.Uc±[t_bnot^`j'Çs¹w=l°µgbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeUg.twKe¾C_+ca+U[´wK_+cd^Tahn4wKe5w`g+U^
eU[Oa!§wK_b¿$w`#gbah_bU]a+U_+[]g±ÍSgb[t[´in ¬ LfÎ'w`e5jz^`_ ¬ [yg+²^Tjo[tg]ÏÄU[wK_+cd^Tahn4wKeºw`lC^`_b¿ºcd^Tabah[t_C^`j4wKgU^`g
s0[t[te%_b[tjz^Iah[tla+w´g+n4e ¬ Ujo^`_+n¯ahno[]g©n4e²^Ia^`gvah_+w`\UU[Fah[twK_v°ÉÍS._+eUw`jolµ AM L`fΩ^`el%^`jogbwEahwEah[FcÁ^;n4cÁ^yw`
ah[ygbcÁ^Tjojo[]gbaÄ[]n ¬ []efu`^TjoU[±Í³ÈC^`eUlU^`_+n4eÐ _xj4°=\UnoeÉ A L`
ÎO
!eÉ^tw`g+c±wKjow ¬ no²^Tj-twKefah[=a²p-s0wKUeUlµlC^T_+¿$cd^Tabah[t_.C^`j4wKg.wK_bc §'n4ahnoe$a+U[{^TwK_b[tc±[tefahn4wKeU[tl
jz^T_ ¬ [!g+t^`jo[{eU[Oa!§w`_+¿É§'U[t_b[ÁahU[dlU[teg+n4a!°É§'n¯ahUn4e^$gb\¹[]tn¯¾Cdu`wKjoUc±[±s¹[]twKc±[tgUn ¬ [t_xahC^Te^
t_bn4a+no²^TjUlU[teg+n4a!°`ÏÄU[t_b[]wK_b[`p=a!°\no²^Tjoj4° ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg^`_b['[O\¹[]]a+[tlahw}wK_bc¨noe{ahU[Un ¬ dlU[]eUg+n¯a!°{eUw=lU[tg]p
[]u`[teºahUwK ¬ [t^`_+j¯°fÇa!°=\¹[}^TeUlºS^Tnoefa'l§^`_b ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgkt^`e^`jogbw{w`_+c n4e%w;u`[t_blU[teUgb[¾Cjo^`c±[tefahg]
ÏÄU['t_bn4a+[t_+no^wK_a+U[kwK_+cd^Ta+nowKeEwT¹lU^`_+¿Ecd^Tabah[t_C^`jow`g#nogs0[tgvaUeUlU[]_+gba+ww=l{§'n4ahnoe{^xg+\U[t_+n4²^`j
c±wlU[]jÆyj¯ahUwK ¬ 5S^`_F_+w`c®g+\U[t_bno²^TjÆp a!°=\Un4²^`jlC^T_+¿$cd^Tabah[t_C^`jow`gF²^`e«s0[E§[]joj¯ÇlU[tgbt_bnos0[tlµsf°
ahnogxg+n4cd\jo[´^`\\U_+wf^TM±jo^`t[±^¢g+\U[t_b[dw`©_h^TlUnoU
g _h^`elUwKc±j4°5w`eɾ ¬ Lº^Ia}gh^²°É_+[]lUg+Un¯?a{ A
^`eUlÉ^Tg+g+cd[ª^\¹[]_bah_+sC^Ta+nowKew`UeUn¯wK_+c¼lU[]eUg+n¯a!°KpMeU^`cd[]j4°º^Áa+wK\5C^Tacdw=lU[]jÆ.gahN
[ .en4uK[]_+gb[
[O\C^TeUlUgtp(s¹[]²^`g+[±w`kn¯ahgxUn ¬ U[t_xl[teUgbn4a!°µah[±cd^Tabah[t_xn4eUg+n4lU[´ahU[{gb\UU[t_b[dn4g}lU[t][tjo[]_h^Ta+[tl«cdw`_+[
ahU^`ea+C^Ta.wKahgbnolU[Tp0_bah[t_n4eUt_b[²^`gbnoe ¬ ah[ªlU[]eUg+n¯a!°]wKefah_+^`gbat.#u`[tefahC^Tjoj4°`p n¯a.][²^`gb[tgF[\C^`eUlUn4e ¬
^`j¯ahw ¬ [OahU[]_Ä^`eUl%ah_+eUg'^`_bwKUeUl%ahw´_b[t]wKjojo^`\Ug+[TÏÄUnog'[OuK[tefa.cÁ^T_+¿gkahU[Fa+_h^`eg+n4a+nowKea+w´ahU[xeUw`eUjon4eU[²^`_
_+[ ¬ noc±[x^`elw=t]U_+g^Ta.^Eahn4cd[{Í?§'U[te  }noe%[\_+[tgbg+n4wKeͳKÎ
8Y +ÇV ÍÆ`Î
Ç
ahU[x]wKjojo^`\Ugb[_+[]cÁ^TnoeUgkgb\UU[]_+not^`joj¯°±gb°=cdc±[]a+_+n4`pa+U[xt[]efah_h^TjMlU[teg+n4a!°Ás¹[]twKc±[tgÄn4e¾CeUn¯ah[^Ta'^ªahn4cd[
IÏÄU[t_b[]wK_b[`pCahU[}j4noeU[t^`_klU[]eUg+n¯a!°¢twKefa+_h^`gva^IaÄahU[xahn4cd[xwT]wKjojo^`\Ug+[nog
8Y +ÇV Ñ `
ÍDLKÎ
Èn4eUt[ºnoeÊnoeUgvah[]noeÇlU[Èn4abah[t_ eUn4u`[t_+gb[a+U[%lU[teUgbn4a!°Êtw`ea+_h^`gva ¬ _+wA§'gÁ^Tg$Í 6 cfÎ L ÍSg+noe ¬
%¨Í 6 cfÎ Lnoe¢[]Ã0.ͳKÎ+Ωw`eU[xnoe[]_+gk_bwKc¦a+U[}^`s0wAuK[}[O\U_b[tg+gbnowKe%ahU^Ta²pw`_k[O^`c±\Ujo[TpU^´_+[ ¬ now`ew`
lU[]eUg+n¯a!°%twKefah_+^`gba Ñ ` UÍv 6 c +ÎÄ^Ta'ah[ya+noc±[xw`#lU[]twK\Ujon4e ¬ U^`g bgbatwKj4jz^`\g+[tl%ahw{_+w`c ^
s0wKUeUlºC^`j4wU
ÏÄU[´eUcEs0[t_xwT©U^`jowKg§'n4a+Unoeµ^ ¬ n4uK[]eµcÁ^Tg+gx_h^Te ¬ [´^Tax^ ¬ n4u`[teÉ_+[]lUg+n4?axt^`eµs¹[Ew`UeUlµsf°
Ugbnoe ¬ _+[]g+gvÈU[]fah[t_yahU[]wK_b°Í³_+[]g+gyÐ ÈU[tfa+[t_± AfT
Î8!eÉa+U[±mkZ}½cdw=lU[]jog.a+U[´lU[]eUg+n¯a!°
CUOahC^Iahnow`e^IaÄlU[t]wKU\Uj4noe ¬ n4g'
^ y^`g+g+no^`eÇlUnogvah_+n4sUa+[tlÁ¾C[]jolMÏÄUg]pC§'n4ahnoe¢wKU_Ä_+^`eUlUw`cdj¯°Ç\Ujz^Tt[tl
g+\U[t_bno²^TjM§'noeUlUwA§}pUa+U[}\U_+wKsU^`sUnoj4n4a!°±ahC^IaÄahU[}lU[]eUg+n¯a!°%twKefah_+^`gba[][t[]lUg.a+U[}t_+n¯ahn4²^`j0u`^TjoU[ ©n4g
Í& 6 cfÎ
L +ÇV W ͳKÎ
§'U[]_+[}ahU[xuT^`_+no^`eU][
V Í "!ÎVV ! # &% (V ' V Í }ΠͳWf8Y Î Y
Ív AfÎ
<
$
$
nogahU[x_bcdg©cÁ^Tg+g C]ahU^Tahn4wKew`
ah[Fjon4eU[²^`_lU[]eUg+n¯a!°Á¾C[]jol¢[O=a+_h^`\0wKjz^Iah[tldahw c *§'U[]e%¾Uj4ah[]_+[]l¢s°
ah[y§'n4eUlUwA§*Ue]ahn4wKe ' Í }ÎwKe^±gb\C^Ta+nz^`j-gb²^`j4[ twKefah^`noeUn4e ¬ cÁ^Tg+g Âp0^`eUl &% nogÄa+U[yirw`U_+n4[t_
ah_+^`eUgvwK_+cw`Ma+U[l[teUgbn4a!°±twKefa+_h^`gva²ÏÄU[F_b[tgbUj4a+g©§©[²^`¿j4°±lU[]\¹[]eUl¢wKe±ahU[§'noeUlUwA§ Ue]ahn4wKed§'no
nogw`?a+[te{a^`¿T[teÁa+ws0[^ygbC^`_b\Á¿K!gb\C^`t[.wK_^}a+wK\±C^Ta¾Cj4a+[t_]\_+[tgbg+n4wKeµÍSfÎ ¬ n4u`[tgahU[twKc±cEUjo^Tahn¯uK[
\U_bwKsC^`sUn4jon¯a!°w`#w`_+c±noe ¬ twKj4jz^`\g+[tlºwKs b[]]a+g§'n4a+5^`ef°ºcÁ^Tg+gtb
w;§©[]u`[t_]p §[ª^`_+[noefah[]_+[]gbah[]l5noeºahU[
lUn¯Ì []_+[tefa+nz^`jr\U_bwKsC^`sUn4jon¯a!°E§'Uno ¬ n4u`[tg©a+U[FeUcEs0[t_©w`-C^TjowKg§'n4a+UnoeÁ^ª\C^`_vahno]Ujz^T_cd^`gbg©_+^`e ¬ [TÏÄU[
eUcEs0[t_'w`(C^`j4wKgtpUn4e¢ahU[}cd^`g+gÄn4ea+[t_vu`^Tj W nog
O
Ív V 6
V Í &6 cfÎvV W
O
[
-,
\
Ív K ;Î
W
V
.
§'U[]_+[ªa+U[EÀ`Ul ¬ [tÀÁS^T]ahw`_xdcEj4ahn4\Uj4°=n4e ¬ ahU[Ej4[]?av!C^`el!gbnolU[}§k^TgFwK_+n ¬ noeU^`joj¯°Án4eUg+[]_bah[]lµsf°$C^TeUl
ahwÁ[teUgbU_+[ªa+U[E_bn ¬ fa.eUwK_+cd^`j4no²^Iahnow`ewK_.a+U[a+w`a^`j
\U_bwKsC^`snojon¯a!°«Í³_b[tg+g}ЦÈ[tfah[]_± ²fT
ÎÏÄ[
C^`j4wEcd^`g+geU]a+nowKe/)ÍÎlU[]\¹[]eUlUg'wKe¢_b[tlUgbUn4?aka+U_+w` ¬ ah[Fu`^T_+nz^TeUt[ irw`_k^Eg+t^`jo[!n4euT^`_bnz^`efa
\0w;§©[t_±g+\0[tOah_bUcp 0% V p©ah[%uT^`_bnz^`et[%²^`eÊs0[º§'_bn4a+a+[te¸^`g Í Î 1 §'U[t_b[
Í,] 6 fÎ Tp-^`eU$ lµa+$ U[´C^`_+^`]a+[t_+n4gba+no´cd^`g+g n4eUt_b[²^`gb[tgx§'n4a+µlU[t]_+[²^Tg+noe ¬ _b[tlUgbUn4?ay^TeUlÉnog
lU[O¾CeU[tlºsf° Í Î OÍ 6 cfÎO [teU][`pUah[xcÁ^`gbgÄg+\0[tOah_+cw`8C^`j4wKgÄ^Ta'^Te° ¬ n4u`[te¢ahn4cd[.C^`gÄah[
^`eC^Tj4°ahn4wK_+c
)ÅÍ 'cfÎ W
]6¸ 0 Ív 6 V cfÎ 1 V [O\32 ªÍ Î V 1 Ív 6 cfÎ V54 W Ív ;KÎ
ÏÄU[{_+[]g+gvÈU[]fah[t_cÁ^Tg+gUe]ahn4wKeµnogUeUn4u`[t_bgh^`Dj J.ah[Eg+C^T\¹[´w`a+U[´lUnogvah_bnosUa+nowKeºUeUOahnow`eµnog
noelU[t\0[teUl[tefaFw`ahU[ynoeUn¯ahno^`j cd^`g+g'UeUOahn4wKeMpr_+[]lUg+Un¯?aF^TeUl$]wKg+c±wKjow ¬ not^`j \C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_+g] !e$gb\Un4a+[w`
n4a+ggbnoc±\Ujon4tn4a!°´^`eUluT^`_+n4wKUgU"e bUgvahn¯¾C[tlº^`gbg+Uc±\ahn4wKeUg]pU_+[]g+gvÈU[]a+[t_'ahU[]wK_b°d_+[]cÁ^TnoeUg^ª_+[]jonz^TsUjo[
^`eUlºnoe CU[tefa+nz^`j
^`eU^`j4°ahn4Fc±[]ahwl%wK_IJ^Tjotjz^Ta+noe ¬ a+U[}cÁ^`gbgÄUeU]a+nowKeºs0[t²^TUg+[yw`#n¯ahg'_+[]cÁ^T_+¿I^`sUj4[
g+tt[]g+g§'U[teºah[tgvah[]l5^ ¬ ^TnoeUgvaÄeUcd[]_+n4²^`j-Ä!s0wl°¢g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUgt
Í%cfÎ
)
W
F W*W + W
fÎ
c
W
K
_+[]g+gE^TeUl·ÈU[tfa+[t_EwK_bn ¬ n4eC^`j4j4°%lU[OuK[tj4wK\0[tl·a+U[tn4_FahU[]wK_b°µa+w%lU[tgbt_+n4s¹[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°$wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e
sf°5Un4[t_+^`_+Un4²^`j(tj4Ugba+[t_+n4e ¬ ªÈUsUgb[tÃU[]ea+j4°`p8g+noe ¬ ^%gbnoc±\Ujon¯¾C[tlºuK[]_+g+n4wKeÉw`ahU[´cd^`gbgUeUOahnow`eMp
ÈU[]fah[t_EÍv AK`fÎtw`eUgba+_+UOah[tlºahU[x¾Uabahn4e ¬ wK_+cEjz^
ÅÍ Î?W
)
xÍ Î?W [O\EÍ OÎ W Ív AfÎ
wK_yahU[ ¬ ^`jz^;°«j4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°5Ue]ahn4wKeMp8§'U[t_b[ ^`el ^`_+[±ahU[dC^`_h^T]ah[]_+n4gbahn4Áj4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°
UeUOahn4wKeµ^`eUlµj4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a!°`3ÇaFn4gFtj4[²^`_ahC^IaFcd^`g+gx^TeUlµjoUc±noewKg+n¯a!°UeUOahnow`eUgFtw`eah^`noeahU[Eg+^`c±[
noewK_+cd^Tahn4wKe^`gFjow`e ¬ ^`gwKeU[E¿eUwA§'gxahU[u`^TjoU[w` ÄxÏÄUgtp8^`gbg+Uc±noe ¬ ^ÁtwKegba^Tea}cd^`gbgahw
jon ¬ faF_+^Tahn4wÁwK_ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgtp wKeU[Et^`eÉlUno_b[t]a+j4°twKc±\C^`_b[ªah[EcÁ^Tg+gFUeUOahn4wKeÊÍv ;`Î'ahwa+U[´wKsUgb[t_vuK[tl
jocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!°5UeUOahn4wKe Ív AKÎO5iCwK_g+cd^`jojcd^`g+gb[tgtp#a+U[\U_b[tlUn4]a+[tlg+j4wK\0[Áw`Äa+U[cd^`g+gªeU]a+nowKe
DÍ W*) W
V]ÎFnog}^%\¹w=wK_x¾Ua}ahw%ah[d\0wA§[]_v!jo^²§Ña^Tnoj#w`©ahU[ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°µj4Ucdn4eUwKgbn4a!°ºUeU]a+nowKe p
§'UwKgb[dgbjowK\0[´lU[]\¹[]eUlUgywKeµahU[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°$]wKjow`U_xg+[]jo[tOahn4wKe«^`eUlµuT^`_+n4[tgxs0[]a!§©[t[te W) W 8Y +ÇV
noeahU[sUjoU[E^`eU9
l W*) W LnoeºahU[ª_+[tlµ[]eUlµw`a+U[Eg+\0[tOah_bUcÏÄ=gtp-Un4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j8cdw=lU[]jog
wAuK[]_v!\_+[tlno]a+ggbn ¬ en4¾Ct^`efahj4°ahU[±eUcEs0[t_yw`©gh^Ta+[tjoj4n4a+[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg±%Í E ´f%wTah[dg+^Tah[]jojon¯ah[]gFw`
c±nojo¿f°±§k^²°%\U_b[tlUn4]a+[tlºs°ÁahUn4gc±w=lU[tjMU^Au`[}eUw`as¹[][teºwKsUgb[t_bu`[tlrÎ
!e·^`_+_bn4u=noe ¬ ^Taxa+U[d_b[tgbgvvÈ=U[tfah[]_´cÁ^Tg+gxUeUOahnow`eMp-§[±C^²uK[±wAuK[t_bjow=wK¿`[]l·a+U[´S^`]a}ahU^Ta
^U^`jow²^`eÅ]wKefa^`n4egbcÁ^`j4jo[]_xg+UsÇC^`j4wKgtp8§'UnoÅn4g_b[][]_+_+[]lÅahw$^`ga+U[Á]jowKUl=!noe=!tj4wKUl¸ÍÆm vmÄÎ
\U_bwKsUjo[]cÏÄU[´m vm\U_bwKsUjo[]c C^`gs¹[][te5l[²^`j¯a.§'n¯ah$n4e$^Te$[O=a+[teUgbnowKe5wT_+[tgbgvÈU[tfa+[t_xahU[]wK_b°
ͳ©wKeUl$[OaF^TjÆ ²K ;Î !ea+U[y[O=ah[]eUlU[tl5a+U[tw`_b°¢ah[yS^`OahwK_w`{n4eÅÍ K ;ÎknoglU[t_bn4u`[tl$eU^TahU_+^`joj¯°%^`eUl
ah[ª^ ¬ _+[t[]cd[]efa.s0[]a!§©[t[]e$ah[\U_b[tlUn4]a+[tl5^TeUlw`sUg+[]_buK[]l5jocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!°deU]a+nowKeUg.^TaÄa+U[yS^Tnoefa'[teUlw`
ah[ªg+\0[tOah_bUc¼nognoc±\U_+wAuK[]lMprg+n4eUt[yahU[yeUcEs0[t_wTjowA§k!cd^`gbgw`s b[tOahglnoc±noeUn4g+U[]glU[a+wÁc±[t_ ¬ [t_
Ͷ n4ah[ª^`eUlÉiC_+[]eU¿É AK AÎOF'[t][tefahj¯°Kp-^ln4̹[t_+[]efa¾Uabahnoe ¬ UeUOahnow`e5C^`g.s¹[][teÉwKsah^`noeU[]l$lUn4_+[]]ahj¯°
_+w`ceUcd[]_+n4²^`j#gbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeµ_b[tg+j4ahgdͳÈU[]a+Å^`el·Ï8wK_+c±[teÊ AK`fÎO{ÏÄU[±lUnogbt_b[t\C^`e]°És0[]a!§©[t[te
ah[twK_v°Å^`elÅg+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`e«t^`eÅs0[lUU[±ahw$a+U[^Tg+g+cd\a+nowKe·ahC^TaªwKs b[]]ahgªtwKj4jz^`\Ugb[dgb\UU[]_+not^`joj¯°
noeµa+U[±_b[tgbgvvÈ=U[tfah[]_EahU[]wK_b°`
!elU[t[]lMpn¯axC^`gys¹[][te«g+UwA§'e«ahC^Ta}a+UnogxlUn4g+]_+[t\U^`eU]°«_b[tlUU][tg
g+sUgbah^`efahnz^Tjoj4°n4s0wKUel«gvah_bU]a+U_+[]gª^`_b[{^`g+gbUc±[tlµahw¢wK_bc _bwKc^`eµ[]joj4no\UgbwKnolC^TjÆp0_h^Ta+U[t_a+C^`e«^
g+\U[t_bno²^TjÆpU]wKjojo^`\Ug+[±Í³ÈU[Oahº[]a.^`jÆ`K ;Î
M2 M2 %78B²<?>OX 8:;J 7$J 6
@U:
@>²>A7:dH8@ SJ0B
Çaxn4g ¬ []eU[t_+^`joj¯°s0[tj4no[OuK[tl5a+C^Ta ¬ ^`jz^I=°º_+wTa^Ta+nowKe5]U_bu`[tg}lU[]\¹[]eUlUgxwKe5a+U[ElU[]eUg+n¯a!°5\U_bw`¾Cjo[w`
lC^`_b¿¢cÁ^Ia+ah[]_ÄC^`j4wKgteC^Tj4°ahn4y[OuT^`joC^Iahnow`e¢w`a+U[U^`jow{lU[]eUg+n¯a!°%\U_+w`¾Ujo[ ¬ w=[tgsC^`¿ahw{ah[y§©wK_+¿¢wT
xw`a+aÍ AfKKÎk^TeUl xUeUeÍv AKKKΩ§'Uwd[tgbah^`sUj4nog+[tl%ahC^Ta ¬ _+^²un¯a^Ta+nowKeU^`j ]wKjojo^`\Ug+[x]wKUj4lj4[²^`l¢ahw{ah[
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeºw`u=no_bnz^`j4no][tlºgb°=gba+[tc±gF§'n4ah5^`joc±wKgba.nogbw`ah[t_+cd^`j8lU[teg+n4a!°\U_bw`¾Cjo[Í V V ÎxÏÄU[tn4_
§©wK_+¿ª§^`gsC^`gb[tl±wKe´ahU[^`gbg+Uc±\ahn4wKe´ahC^IaC^`jow`gwK_+cÂsf°±^`t]_+[]a+nowKe{wK_gb[t]wKeUlC^`_v°{noeS^Tjoj=w` cd^Tabah[t_
wKefahw±^`e%n4eUn4a+nz^`j4j4°EwAu`[t_+l[teUgb[ª\0[t_ba+U_+sU^Tahn4wKeM Ç(noeS^Tjoj0\U_+w=lUU][tg'lU[teg+n4a!°\U_+w`¾Ujo[}^`gÄgbC^`joj4wA§*^Tg V²p
`
ah[te%ahU[ r^Ta_bw`a^Ta+nowKe¢]U_bu`[tgw`(lUnogb¿ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgk^`eUl%ahU[}_+[]jz^Ta+[tl%wKsUgb[t_vu`^Iahnow`eºwT#noet_+[t^`g+n4e ¬ wKejz^`_ ¬ [xg+t^`jo[]gc±n ¬ faÄah[t_+[]sf°$s0[[\Ujz^`n4eU[tl kÂgbwKc±[]§'C^Ta.gba+[t[]\¹[]_0 Y\U_bw`¾Cjo[}_b[tg+j4ahn4e ¬ _+wKc
noeS^`joj8^`j4g+w¢[O\Ujo^`noeahU[ UsUsUj4[Ejz^²§ jon ¬ faF\U_bw`¾Cjo[w`[tj4jono\ahnot^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g´Í xw`aba´ AfK`ÎO}iCU_ba+U[t_
_+[O¾CeU[]cd[]ea§^`g.cd^`lU[±ÍS[t_vahgbUnoe ¬ [t_y AM LfKΩ^`eUlºn4aħ^`g.gbUwA§'e5^`eU^`j4°ahn4²^`j4j4°{ahU^TaÄahU[}gb[ttw`eUlC^`_v°
noeS^`jojr^`\\U_+wf^TU[tgÄ^g+[tj¯z!gbnoc±nojz^T_(wK_bcp§'UwKgb[F[O^`OaÄs¹[]C^²u=nowK_lU[t\0[telUgÄwKeda+U[F][tefah_+^`j s0wKUeUlU^`_b°
tw`eUlUn4a+nowKeg^`elµwKe$ah[E¿noeUl5wT ¬ ^`g n4#a+U[t_b[Enog.eUwt[]efah_h^TjsUjo^`¿wKjo[Tp0a+U[ªwK_bc \_+wK\0wKg+[]lµsf°
xw`a+aÐ }Uee\U_b[]uT^`n4jogtpw`ah[t_b§'n4g+[xah[yl[teUgbn4a!°%\U_bw`¾Cjo[xU^`gÄahU[}\0w;§©[t_!jo^A§ wK_+c L ²
ÏÄC^Taah[.C^Tjow}\U_+wT¾Cjo['g+wKUjol{uT^`_b°´_bwKc wKe[.]wKg+c±wKjow ¬ not^`jc±wl[tjUahw^`eUwTahU[]_§^`g\U_+wK\0wKgb[tl
jz^Iah[t_ywKe $Í .w`̹cÁ^TeÅÐ ÈC^`U^`c ²M LfKÎ$\\U_+w²nocd^Tah[]j4° r^Taªtn4_+tjz^`_}uK[]jow=tn4a+no[]gy§©[t_b[ahU[]e
wKsah^`noe[tl5wK
_ d^TeU
l F ] y ͧ'U[]_+[ ]»noga+U[{g+\0[t]a+_h^`jnoeUlU[¹p8gb[t[{g+[]]a+nowKe«^`s0wAuK[
[O\U_b[tgbg+now`e Ív ;`ÎO¢ÏÄUn4g\U_bwAun4lU[tlÅ^gba+_+wKe ¬ g+\U\¹w`_baªw`_}a+U[da+U[te·S^`g+Un4wKeC^`sjo[dmkZ} c±wl[tj
§'U[]_+[¢^Tayah[ ¬ ^Tjz^`Oahno{gb²^`j4[±a+U[Án4eUlU[O·w`©ahU[d\¹wA§©[t_!g+\0[tOah_bUc §^`g y ÍSjoUc±[tefa+C^`j[]a
^`j³ª AM LT
ÎOb ÇaFah[t_+[OwK_+[s¹[]²^`c±[E]Ugba+wKcÁ^T_b°%ahwc±w=lU[tj
u=no_+no^`jon4t[]lC^TjowKgsf°$n4g+w`a+U[t_bcÁ^`j8g+\U[t_b[tg
C^`_+^`]a+[t_bnot[]lÉs°$a!§w%\C^`_+^`c±[]ah[]_+@g ^¢u`[tj4w]n4a!°lUnogb\¹[]_+g+n4wKeÉ^`eUl«^]wK_+[´_+^`lUnogt8^Iah[t_wKeMpMn4eÉ^
Un ¬ _b[tgbwKjoa+nowKeºg+n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKe%w`^ ¬ ^`jz^;°fÇg+no][tl5mkZ} C^`j4wUpCg+_+\U_bnog+n4e ¬ j¯°Kprn4a'§^`g.wKeUla+C^TaahU[
lU[]eUg+n¯a!°%\U_+w`¾Ujo[}twKjolºs¹[yg+n4e ¬ Ujo^`_Ä[]u`[teµ^Ta'u`[t_b°ºgbcÁ^`j4jMg+t^`jo[]gEÍSZFUsUn4eUg+¿n8Шmk^`_bjos0[t_ ¬ AK ;Îk^`eUl
§©[tjoj ^`\\U_+w²nocd^Tah[]l$sf°$a+U[´c±wlU[]j\U_bwK\0wKg+[]l5wK_ah[´[tjoj4no\a+not^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgEDÍ [t_+eÃ=nogba{ ²KKfÎÄwK_
§'Un4 LÄnoea+U[ªn4eUeU[]_.\C^T_bahg]p lUwA§'e$a+wda+U[ªgbcÁ^`j4jo[]gba._+[tgbwKj4u`[tl5gb²^`j4[`p ¿\¹TFiCU_ba+U[t_
wKeMp8n4ax§^`gyg+UwA§'e ͳ^²uT^`_b_+wº[]a^`jÆ% A`Kp AKf`Î.ahC^Ta}a+U[{g+\UU[]_+n4²^`j4j4°f^²uK[]_h^ ¬ [tl«[tÃUnoj4nosU_bnoUc
lU[]eUg+n¯a!°%\U_+w`¾Ujo[tgÄwTmkZ}C^`j4wKgÄw`^`joj¹cÁ^`gbg+[]g.t^`es0[F¾Uabah[tlsf°ahU[xwK_bcEUjo^
Ív ²
Î
0)Í `Î Í) vÎ 1 Ív 6 bÎ Y 1
§'U[]_+[±nogxahUn4g}²^`gb[ ¼ K>p Fnog}^%g+t^`jo[{_+^`lUnog}§'[t_+[{ah[d\U_bw`¾Cj4[´C^`e ¬ []gªgbC^`\0[d^TeUl Fn4g
^C^`_+^`]a+[t_bnogba+noEl[teUgbn4a!°Kj¯ahUwK ¬ Mp¹a+Unog\U_+w`¾Ujo[ª§^`gxwK_bn ¬ n4eC^`joj¯°wKUel5wK_x^gbah^`eUlC^T_+l·mkZ}
c±wlU[]jÆp0n4aahU_beU[tlÉwKaahU^Ta{Í ²
Î\_+wAu=nolU[]gx^`eµ[O][tjoj4[tefaF¾Ua.ahw¢C^TjowÁl[teUgbn4a!°\U_+w`¾Ujo[_bwKc w`ahU[]_
tw`g+c±wKjow ¬ no²^Tjc±wlU[]jog.ÍÆmw`jo[.Ð
^`t[O° ²KKfÎ#\U_+[]g+g+n4wKeÉÍ ²
ÎnogeUwA§ ^`gbg+Uc±[tlÁa+ws0[F^}UeUn¯uK[]_+gh^Tj
a!§©wT!\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_Ue]ahn4wKeµlU[]g+t_bnosUn4e ¬ ah[´\U_+w`¾Ujo[Ew`lC^T_+¿$cd^Tabah[t_C^`jow`g§'UnoÉn4gFnoeUl[t\0[teUlU[]efa
w`ah[´C^`jow¢cd^`gbgtp-_+[]lUg+n4?a²pMa+U[´noen4ahno^`j
lU[teg+n4a!° CUOahC^Ta+nowKeÉgb\¹[]]ah_bUc^`elÉa+U[EuT^`jo[tgFw`ah[
tw`g+c±wKjow ¬ no²^Tj¹\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_+g]
ÏÄU[]_+[]w`_+[`p0^Ta'gbcÁ^TjojM_+^`lUnon³pa+U[}_+[tgbUj4a+g'w`eUc±[t_bnot^`j-g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUgn4eUlUnot^Tah[Fa+C^TaÄa+U[}lU[teUgbn4a!°
\U_bw`¾Cjo[dÍ ²
Îc±n ¬ fa's0[y]Ug+\f°%§'n4a+UwKa'a+U[}\U_+[]g+[tet[ªwT^{t[tefa+_h^`j
tw`_+[`j¯ahUw` ¬ ^`en4g+w`a+U[t_bcÁ^Tj
\U_bw`¾Cjo[d^Tajz^`_ ¬ [{_h^`lnon^ ¬ _b[t[]g§'n4a+·a+U[ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°µ_bw`a^Ta+nowKe«t_buK[]gtp#a+U[t_b[^`_b[d]wKefah_+wAu`[t_+gbno[]g{^`g
§'U[OahU[]_ª^¢tg+\f°«\U_+w`¾Ujo[´eU[t^`_xahU[{t[]efah_+[±nog}n4e·^Tttw`_+lC^`et[´§'n4a+«uT^`_bnowKUgxw`sUg+[]_buT^Tahn4wKeUgxgbU
^`gFa+U[{_+w`ah^Tahn4wKe!]U_bu`[´w`§[]joj !gba+UlUn4[tl ¬ ^`g!_+n4µl§^`_bg+\Un4_h^`j4g{ͳij4wK_+[]gxÐ _bnocd^`¿ A``
ÎO
!e
^`lUln4ahn4wKeMprn4a.C^`g.s¹[][teÉ^`_ ¬ U[]l$ahC^Ia.a+U[E_h^TlUnz^`j
^T_+tg]p _b[tÃUno_b[E^ C^TaF]wK_+[noea+U[ª]joUgvah[]_FlU[teg+n4a!°
\U_bw`¾Cjo[Tpn4eÅ^`\U\U^`_+[]eaªtwKefa+_h^`lUn4]a+nowKeɧ'n4a+Å^gbnoe ¬ Ujz^`_}lU[]eUg+n¯a!°\_+w`¾Cj4[5ͳ[tj4jon4[t_}[]aª^`jƵ ²KKfÎ
ÈUsg+[tÃU[]efan4eUlU[]\¹[]eUlU[tefaxn ¬ U[]_vÇ_+[tgbwKjoahnow`e$g+n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKeUgyͳiCU¿UgbUn ¬ [´Ð¦$^`¿noeUw$ AKf w=wK_+[
T
[]aF^`jÆ} A`MLfÎÄC^²uK[E]wKe¾C_bcd[]l$ahU[\U_+[]g+[]eUt[´w`^Át[]ea+_h^`j8tg+\MpMsax^±g+C^`j4jowA§©[t_l[teUgbn4a!°\U_+w`¾Ujo[
Í Â KÎU^`g.s0[t[]ew`sa^`n4eU[tl^Ta'gbcÁ^`j4jM_h^TlUnon §'noºcdn ¬ fa'_+[tgbwKj4u`[}g+wKc±[}w`(a+U[^TwK_+[]cd[]efahnow`eU[tl
\U_bwKsUjo[]cdg]
2
@S@ MX ÆJ0:#@>;<SJ
}^`jz^I=°5w`_+cd^Tahn4wKe5nogy^%twKc±\Uj4[OÉ\U_bw][tgbgªnoeɧ'Un4·eUwTaªwKej4° ¬ _+^²un¯a!°Kp
lUn4g+tg+g+[]lnoeµah[
\U_b[]u=nowKgªg+[]]a+nowKeUg]p#sUaE^`jogbw ¬ ^Tgªl°=eC^`c±no]gtp(U[tc±nogvah_b°·^`elahU_bsUUj4[teU][\Ujz^²°É]_+U]nz^`j_IwK| j4[tg]
¶·[gvahnoj4jklUw«eUw`a±C^²uK[$^«]jo[t^`_{UeUlU[]_+gbah^`eUlUn4e ¬ w` ¬ ^Tjz^I=°ÅwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e»^`eUl»ahU[º_+[t^`g+wKeÊwK_
ahnogª\_+[tlno²^Tcd[]eaEnoga+C^Ta§[¢lUw$eUw`aE°`[]a{C^²uK[^$UeUlC^`c±[tefah^`ja+U[tw`_b°ÅwT'gba^T_ªwK_+cd^Ta+nowKeM
wKgva{ahU[]wK_+[Oahnot^`jkgvahUlUn4[tg{noea+UnogE¾C[]jolÊ^`_b[¢sC^`g+[]l¸w`eÊ\U[teUw`cd[]eUwKjow ¬ not^`jk^`_ ¬ Uc±[tefahg±^`el
eUc±[t_+n4²^`jgbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeUg]´c±wKe ¬ ahU[{lUn¯Ì []_+[]ea\U_bw][tg+gb[tgnoefuKwKj¯uK[]lnoe ¬ ^`jo^I=°$wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eÉ^`_+[
ahwKg+[E_b[tgb\¹wKeg+nosjo[ªwK_.U[²^IaxsC^`jo^`eUt[ªw`ahU[ ¬ ^`g Jg+w¿U[²^Ta+noe ¬ ^`eUlµ_h^TlUnz^Ta+n4u`[ªtw=wKj4noe ¬ §'n4ahnoe
tw`jojz^T\Ug+n4e ¬ lC^`_+¿¢cd^Tabah[t_'C^TjowKg]pra+U[yg+UsUgb[tÃU[]ea}a+_h^`eUgvwK_+cd^Ta+nowKe¢w`#twKj4l ¬ ^Tg.n4ea+wÁgva^`_bg^`elah[
_+[ ¬ Ujo^Tahn4wKe¢w`#gva^`_ÄwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`esf°¢[t[tlsC^`¿¢_+wKc gba+[tjojo^`_k§'noelUg^`eUlºg+U\0[t_beUwAu`^T[`.\U\Uj4no²^Iahnow`e¢w`
mkZ} a+U[tw`_b°%^Ta'a+U[ ¬ ^`jz^I=°¢gb²^`j4[}nog'_h^Ta+U[t_'lUn ±tUj¯a^`eUl$c±wKgva'_+[tgbUj4a+g^T_+[}sC^`gb[tl$w`eeUc±[t_bno²^Tj
gba+UlUn4[tg}§'Uno·^`_+[{cd^`noej4°º[tn¯ahU[]_ylno_+[]]ayg+n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKeUgw`_ygb[tc±n¯!^`eC^`j¯°=a+nocdw=lU[tj4noe ¬ gFw` ¬ ^`jz^;°
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe T !e¢ahU[x¾C_bgba.^`\U\_+wf^`%ah[ ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j¹^`eUlºf°l_+w=l°=eC^`c±no²^TjM[tÃC^Ta+nowKeg'^`_+[xgbwKj4u`[tl
[O\Uj4no]n4ahj¯°$g+noe ¬ uT^`_bnowKgFa!°\0[tgyw`©eUcd[]_+n4²^`j]wlU[]gd'Í E _y^Iah{[]a^`j³ AKf`ÎO
!eÉahU[{g+[]twKel
^`\U\_+wf^` pahU[[]uKw`joa+nowKewT(sU^`_b°`wKeUno ¬ ^`gkn4g²^Tjotjz^Ta+[tlUgbnoe ¬ gbnoc±\Ujo[.^`eC^Tj4°ahn4c±wlU[]jog§'Unoj4[ah[
[]u`wKjoahnow`ew`lC^`_b¿¢cÁ^Tabah[]_Änog'[]uT^`j4C^Tah[]l$Ugbnoe ¬ eUc±[t_+n4²^`j
Ä!s0wl°¢g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUg}Ͷ n4ah[Ð iC_+[]eU¿
AK ;Î.wK_}^ºwKefa+[Ámk^T_+jowa+[tUenoÃU[tgynoe5§'no«wKeU[´gba+UlUn4[tgxahU[{c±[t_ ¬ [t_a+_+[][±wTlC^T_+¿$cd^Tabah[t_
C^`j4wKgyÍÆmw`jo[x[]a.^`j³k AKT
Î
2 2
7@>;<$
½GKJMJ S<D
·J r@CB
Z U_bnoe ¬ ah[º]wKjojo^`\Ugb[¢w`x^µlC^`_b¿cÁ^Ia+ah[]_´C^`j4wUpahU[ºsC^`_v°KwKeUn4 ¬ ^`g{nog´gbU\U\0wKg+[]lahwÉs0[
F
g+w¿K![²^Ta+[tlMpMw`_.UelU[t_ ¬ w^`lnz^`sC^Iahno}]wKcd\_+[tgbg+n4wKe$lU[]\¹[]eUlUn4e ¬ wKeºahU[C^`jowdcÁ^Tg+gtprahw±ahU[}u=no_bnz^`j
ah[]cd\0[t_+^Tah_+
[ wT(a+U[}UwKgbaC^TjowUp ¬ n4u`[teºs°
1 Ív ;KÎ
§'U[]_+[
n4gah[{a+w`a^Tjcd^`g+gx]wKefa^`n4eU[tlÉnoeg+nol[ªahU[´u=no_bnz^`j8_h^TlUnoU
g ©§'Uno«nogFg+C^`j4j4°a^`¿T[te
ahw¢s0[EC^Tj4w`ah[EnoeUn¯ahno^`j-ahU_be^`_bwKUeUlµ_+^`lUn4Ugtp noga+U[´cdw`jo[t]Ujz^T_.cd^`g+gF^`eUl 1n4gah[´cÁ^`gbg
w`'f°=lU_+w ¬ [teÊ^Ta+wKc$Ï°=\Un4²^`j4j4
° ¯ ; : A LSV Y < p§'U[]_+[ LSV ²=LSV 5= ^`el
Y < K 'I
K
8Ï w±wK_bcgbah^`_+g'ah[ ¬ ^`g'C^`gÄahw±tw=wKjÆÏÄU[yC^`_+^`]a+[t_bnogba+no}tw=wKj4noe ¬ a+noc±[`pUl[]¾CeU[]lµ^`gÄah[y_+^Tahn4w
w`8ahU[xa+U[t_bcÁ^`j [teU[]_ ¬ °%lU[]eUg+n¯a!°ahw{ah[y]ww`jonoe ¬ _h^Ta+[x\¹[]_'UeUn4aÄu`wKjocd[ fV xÍ ÎOpCn4g
Ív AfÎ
1 FÍ Î
§'U[]_+[ nog.a+U[ªl[teUgbn4a!°w`ahU[ ¬ ^`g]p n4g.ah[ªc±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯a!°¢^`eUl xÍ În4ga+U[Etw=wKj4noe ¬
UeUOahn4wKeMpCeUwK_bcÁ^Tjoj4°{ah^`¿`[]e_+w`c a^`sUjz^Ta+[tl¢uT^`jo[tg'Í E Èa+U[t_bjz^`eUlÐ ZFwK\n4a^ ²KKfÎRgb[ttw`eUl
tw`eUgba+_h^`n4ea.wKegba^T_wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e¢nognoc±\¹wKgb[tlºsf°¢ahU[l°=eC^`c±no²^TjMahnoc±[{p ¦Í -Y ` =Îh,L +ÇV§'Uno
C^`gxa+wºs0[{jowKe ¬ [t_Fa+C^`eÉahU[{C^`_+^`]a+[t_bnogba+no´]wwKj4noe ¬ a+noc±[`N
Ç©§[±g+\U\¹w`g+[{ahC^Taxa+U[ ¬ ^`g}C^`gy^
\U_bnoc±wK_+lUno^`jMU[]cdn4²^`j
]wKcd\0wKgbn4ahn4wKeMp  `p0a+U[teºahU[tw=wKjon4e ¬ \U_+w=t[]g+gFn4g[]g+gb[tefahno^`joj¯°%lUU[
ahwdsU_+[]cdgbgba+_h^`Uj4Ue ¬ ^TeUla+U[ª]wwKj4noe ¬ Ue]ahn4wKe$n4g\U_bwK\0wK_ba+nowKeC^Tj ahw x,L +ÇV²b
!e$a+Unog²^`gb[`p¹[tÃC^Ta+noe ¬
s0w`ah%ahn4cd[]g+²^Tjo[tg'wKe[yw`sa^`n4eUg^±]_+n¯ahnot^`jMlU[]eUg+n¯a!° Â :Å A LSY ' 1 Y §'now`_kahU[^`s0w;u`[
[O^`c±\Uj4[ ¬ n4u`[tg^Eah[tc±\0[t_h^IahU_b[ywT W
:Å A w`_ :· A V ¬ ]c YA
ÇM§©[F^`gbg+Uc±[`pnoed^y¾C_bgbak^`\U\U_bwAn4cÁ^Ta+nowKe pKahC^Ta©sC^`_v°KwKedlUnogvah_bnosUa+nowKe{wKj4jowA§'gahU[lC^`_b¿±cd^Tabah[t_
lUn4gbah_bnosUahnow`eMpa+U[te §'Uno ¬ n¯uK[tg^´t_bn4a+no²^Tj sC^`_v°KwKecÁ^Tg+gÄw`
Y :Å A ? 5=
Ív ;KÎ
tw`_+_+[]g+\0wKeUlUn4e ¬ ahw^¢l°=eC^`c±no²^Tjahn4cd[EwT K`
§'U[t_b[ n4gFahU[ UsUsUj4[±]wKeUgva^`efa²
ÏÄUgtp-w`eUj4°%_h^ ¬ cd[]efahgFU[t^²un4[t_a+C^`e5a+U[´^`s0wAuK[Ecd^`g+g²^`eµ]wwKj
S^`gvax[teUw` ¬ 5ahw_+^ ¬ c±[tefax^TeUl
wK_bc gbah^`_+g'lU_+noe ¬±¬ _h^²u=n4a^Iahnow`eC^`j ]wKjojo^`\Ugb[`
È=ah^`_FwK_+cd^Ta+nowKe5]wKefuK[]_bahg ¬ ^`gxn4ea+w%joUc±noeUw`Ugcd^Ta+a+[t_}^`el^Taxa+U[{gh^`c±[Eahn4cd[E^TÌ []]a+g}a+U[
\Uf°=g+n4²^`j8gbah^Tah[w`#gbU_+_bwKUeUlUn4e ¬Á¬ ^`gtp0g+n4eUt[yg+U\0[t_beUwAuT^Á[O\Uj4wKg+n4wKe5^`el°Kw`Ue ¬ gva^`_bg.n4"e b[tOa[]eU[t_ ¬ °
^`eUlºc±[]a^TjogkwKa.wT(a+U[ ¬ ^`jz^T]ahn4FlUn4g+}noe¢ah[}w`_+cw`^´Uw`a'§'noelMÏÄU[}jz^Tabah[t_'^T]ahg^`g^´[t[]lUsC^`¿
\U_bw][tg+g.§'Uno5_b[ ¬ jz^Ta+[tg.a+U[ªgva^`_wK_+cd^Ta+nowKeº_h^Ta+[`b
!eµ^`lUln4ahn4wKeMpCah[ªnoe b[t]a+[tl5c±[]ah^`jog[te_+no[te
s0w`ah5a+U[Etw`jol5gva^`_ÇwK_bcdn4e ¬Á¬ ^Tgx^`eUl5a+U[Eg+_+_+w`UeUlUn4e ¬ lUn4̹Ugb[EUw`axU^`jow ¬ ^`gtxÏÄUg]p
a+U[Ejo^Tah[]_
[]u`wKjoahnow`eÅw` ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]glU[]\¹[]eUlUg´gvah_+w`e ¬ j4°«wKeŧ'[teahU[d¾C_+gva´gbah^`_+gªw`_+c s¹[]²^`g+[ah[]°·²^`e
_+[]nowKenot[Ea+U[±noefah[]_ ¬ ^`jo^`]a+noEc±[tlnoUc ÍS^T
a c KÎx^`eUl[]eU_+n4U[te·n4ax§'n¯ah«cd[Oa^`j4gtp
^T̹[tOahnoe ¬ a+U[
tw=wKj4noe ¬ ÇU[²^Iahnoe ¬ sU^`jz^`et[`F[]ah^`jog.noeU]_+[t^`g+[yahU[E]ww`jonoe ¬ [ d]no[]eU]°`pMlU[t]_+[t^`g+n4e ¬ ahU[ ¬ ^`g.tw=wKjon4e ¬
ahn4cd[E^`eUlÉnoeU]_+[t^`g+n4e ¬ ahU[´gva^`_Fw`_+cd^Tahn4wKe5_h^Iah[`
!eµahU[{Un4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j^`\U\U_bwf^`Mp
g+cd^`j4j(wKVs b[t]a+g
wK_bc®¾C_+gva^`eUlMp8n4©twKegbahn¯aha+[tl«wKeUj¯°5w`\U_+n4cdwK_blUnz^Tj(cd^Tah[]_+no^`jÆp a+U[{tw=wKjon4e ¬ ahn4cd[]g+t^`jo[´cd^²°5s0[
jow`e ¬ [t_ka+C^`e¢ah
[ UsUsUj4[xahnoc±[tgb²^`j4[`ps¹[]noe ¬ wKeU[}w`8ah[y\_+wKsUj4[tc±gÄnoe¢ahnogÄg+][teC^T_+now
2 2 3
@U:!·J·70> @O(6 Jr: (H8J J C X
\U^`_ba_+wKcÂahU[tj4[²^`_lUn¯Ì []_+[tet[n4e´ahU[]no_gbah[]jojo^`_\¹w`\UUjz^Iahnow`eUgtpKa+U[.wTahU[]_©lUn¯Ì []_+[]eUt[s¹[Oa!§[][te
g+\no_h^TjlUnogb¿=gy^`el·[]jojon4\Ug+w`nolUgFn4gxahC^Ta}a+U[´wK_+c±[t_}^`_b[{g+U\U\0wK_vah[tl^ ¬ ^`n4eUgba ¬ _h^²u=n4a!°µsf°É_+wTa^Ta+nowKeMp
`
§'U[]_+[²^TgªwK_}ahU[±jz^Tabah[]_n¯an4g\_+nocd^`_bnoj4°ºah[ &#%''#%}wTah[^`eUn4g+w`a+_+wK\no{gba+[tjojo^`_}wK_+sn4ahg}ahU^Ta
nogy_+[]g+\0wKeUgbnosUj4[`%ÏÄU[Ágbn ¬ en4¾Ct^`eUt[dw`Ä_bw`a^Ta+nowKeÉcd^²°·s0[±Ã=U^`efahn4¾U[tlÅsf°^lUn4cd[]eUg+n4wKeUjo[]g+gN=&1
& #?RS/!+/#§'Un4nogahU[_h^Ta+nowys¹[Oa!§[][te%ahU[.wKsUg+[]_bu`[tlº^`e ¬ jz^`_uK[]jow=tn4a!°d^`elahU[^`e ¬ Ujo^`_uK[tj4w]n4a!°
§'Un4º§©wKUj4ls0[x_+[]Ã=no_+[]lºa+wdgbU\U\0wK_ba'a+U[ ¬ ^`jz^;°Ásf°¢_+w`ah^Tahn4wKe%^`j4wKeU[ J
$ $ 8,L +Ç+ÇV V
Ív LfÎ
§'U[]_+[ Ñn4g©ah[FsUnoelUnoe ¬ [teU[]_ ¬ °Á^`eUl n4g©a+U[x^`e ¬ Ujz^`_©cdw`cd[]ea+UcºÏÄU[xgb\Unoe¢\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_t^`e¢s0[
^`g'Un ¬ º^`g
{w`_Äg+\Un4_h^`j4g'^`eUlºwKeUj4° fªwK_Ä[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gt
\Uf°=g+n4²^`j[O\Ujz^TeC^Tahn4wKe5w`a+U[tgb[EuT^`joU[]gF_+[]cÁ^TnoeUg^cÁ^ bw`_UeU_b[tgbwKj4u`[tlÉ\U_+w`sUjo[]cx'[t][tefa
'Çs¹w=l°´gbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeUggbUwA§ ahC^Ia©n4e±a+U[.^`sUg+[]eUt[.w`-gva^`_wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe pK\U_+wTahw ¬ ^Tjz^`Oahno ¬ ^`g©j4wKg+[]gcEU
w`n¯ahgx^`e ¬ Ujz^T_.c±wKc±[tefahUc ^`gxn¯a]ww`jogn4efahw\U_b[ ¬ ^Tjz^`Oahnoy_h^ ¬ cd[]ea+g.a+C^TaxgbUsUg+[]ÃU[tefahj¯°µc±[t_ ¬ [`p
\U_bwlUtnoe ¬ lUnogb¿=gFa+C^Tax_bw`a^Iah[EcEÉa+ww¢gbjowA§'j4°Åͳ.^²u`^T_+_+w¢[Oa}^`j³± ²Kf -.^²u`^T_+_+w%Ð È=ah[]noeUc±[]a+
AKKKΧ'Unodnog^lUn ±tUj¯a!°´twKet[t_beUnoe ¬ ah[.\0wKg+gbnosUj4[ÄwK_+cd^Tahn4wKe{w`
È~g©^`eUlÁÄ~g_+wKcÑa+U[cd[]_ ¬ []_
w`(g+\Un4_h^`j4gt
\¹w`g+g+n4sUjo[´say\¹w=wK_+j¯°f!UeUl[t_+gvahw=wlµgbwKjoahnow`eµnogF[t[]lUsC^`¿rp(sU_+n4[ U°$lUnogbtUgbg+[tl\U_+[Oun4wKUgbj4°Kp
§'Un4·t^`e·\_+[]u`[tefaªa+U[ ¬ ^`gF_+w`ctw=wKjon4e ¬ n4ea+wl[teUgb[±_+^ ¬ c±[tefahg]diCU_vahU[]_+c±wK_+[Tp-ahU[ _x[tj¯un4e
tn4_+]Ujz^Ta+nowKe%ah[twK_b[tc ¬ C^`_+^`efah[t[]gahU^TaxnoeºahU[E^`sUg+[]eUt[´wTlUnogbg+no\U^Tahn4wKeMp0^`e5n4eUn4a+nz^`j4j4°dno_+_bw`a^Iahnow`eC^`j
uK[]jow=tn¯a!°¢¾C[tj4l$_+[]cÁ^TnoeUgno_b_+w`ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j³^`_bjono[]_ÄwKe$§©[ªC^²u`[Eg+[][te$a+C^Ta.wKe5jz^T_ ¬ [}g+t^`jo[]gc±w`ahn4wKeUg'w`
g+[]j4z ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4e ¬ \C^`_vahn4tjo[]g'^`_+[xn4e¢ahU[xwK_bc w`^±\0w`a+[tefahno^`j¯ CwA§ §'noºC^`g't[]_+w{uKwK_vahno]n4a!°`
W\0wKg+gbnosUj4[FwK_+n ¬ noedwK_ah[x_+w`ah^Tahn4wKew` ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg§k^Tggb ¬K¬ []gba+[tlMpCwK_a+U[F¾C_bgbaÄahn4cd[Tpsf° w;°=j4[
DÍ wA°j4[d ²`
ffÎ !eUnog'c±wlU[]jMahU[^`]Ã=nog+n¯ahn4wKe%w`^`e ¬ Ujz^T_c±wKc±[tefahcnog^Tabah_+n4sUa+[tl%ahw{ahU[}ahn4lC^`j
^`Oahnow`ew`#\U_+w`a+w ¬ ^`jo^`]a+noxwKVs b[t]a+gF^`_bwKUeUln4atp¹^Iaa+U[ª[]\¹w=$§'U[]e$ah[\U_bw`ahw ¬ ^`jz^;°nog bUgbaF^`s¹w`a
ahw{wK_bc^ ¬ ^`jz^;°`©qxe[ª^`gbg+Uc±[tg'ahU^TaÄahU[ynoen4ahno^`j0lU[teUgbn4a!°¢¾C[]jolºtwKeg+nogvahgw`(eUwKeÇg+\UU[]_+n4²^`j-j4Ucd\g
§'n4a+cd^`gbg ^`eUlºlU[teg+n4a!°º]wKefah_h^Tgba ÏÄU[}ahw`ah^`jMahwK_bÃU[`p pC\U_bwlUt[tlwKe^±]joUc±\UgtpU§'no$n4g
_+w` ¬ Uj¯°dah^`¿`[]e$^`g^ElUn4\¹w`jo[`p=_+wKc ^`eUw`a+U[t_Äw`eU[}^Ta^´lUnogva^`et[xw` n4g V T
%´§'U[t_b[ª^Tg
s0[]wK_b[ %yn4g#ahU[Ägb²^`j4[S^`]a+wK_t !e´ahU[Äj4noeU[t^`__b[ ¬ n4cd[ %y^`eUl{U[]eUt[Äa+U[kahwK_bÃU[Ä_+[]cÁ^`n4eUg#]wKeUgbah^`efa
^`eUl¢a+U[x^`e ¬ Ujz^`_©cdw`cd[]ea+Uc ¬ _+wA§'g'jon4eU[²^`_bj4°´§'n¯ahahn4cd[EÍ bÎOÏ8w{wKsah^`noeÁa+U[xsUn4eUlUnoe ¬ [teU[]_ ¬ °
wKeU][}^ ¬ ^`n4ed§©[}noefuKwK¿T[xwKU_kgbnoc±\Ujo[.g+\U[t_+n4²^`j¹cdw=lU[]jƶ·[F¿eUwA§ a+U[xlU[]eUg+n¯a!°tw`ea+_h^`gva^Taka+U[ahn4cd[
w`]wKjojo^`\Ugb[yn4g Ñ 'Èn4eUt[}ah[ªcd^`g+gw`#a+U[w`s b[tOaFnog Í KKÎYh
< `prahUn4g ¬ n4uK[]g.a+U[
\U_bwK\¹[]_x_h^`lnoUgFwTa+U[{wKs b[]]ay^Taxa+U_+e«^`_bwKUeUlµn4e5ah[t_bcdgxwT§'noÉahU[´sUn4eUlUn4e ¬ [te[t_ ¬ °µ²^`eÉs0[
§'_+n¯a+a+[te . V K `'
[OagF^`gbg+Uc±[a+C^TaahU[ywKs b[]]aFU^`gF^`ewAuK[t_blU[teg+n4a!° ©ahU[]e$§[
wKsah^`noew`_'a+U[}lUnoc±[teg+now`eUjo[]g+gkgb\Unoeº\C^`_+^`cd[Oah[]_
K
`
§'Un4Ånognoe·u`[t_v° ¬ w=w=lÅ^ ¬ _b[t[]cd[]ea§'n4a+·ahU^TaEw`k[tjoj4no\a+not^`jogFsaEn4gahw=w$j4wA§ ahw$^`t]wKUefaEwK_
ah[^`e ¬ Ujz^`_yc±wKcd[]efahUcgb\Uno_+^`j ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]©aEUwA§t^`eÅwKeU[^`t]wKUefaEgbUcdw`_+\UUw`jow ¬ n4²^`j
Ív AfÎ
K
g+[ ¬ _+[ ¬ ^Ta+nowKe d%\0wKg+gbnosUj4[[O\Ujo^`eC^Ta+nowKednogahC^Ta[tj4jono\ahnot^`jog#w`_+c±[tlÁ[t^`_+j4no[]_§'U[]e¢ahU[.UeUn4u`[t_bg+[F§^`g
lU[]eUg+[]_k^`eUlÁ^`e ¬ jz^`_c±wKc±[tefahUc¨gbcÁ^Tjojo[]_t8eÁ^`j4a+[t_+eU^Tahn¯uK['[O\Ujo^`eC^Ta+nowKe´_+[]ÃU[tefahj¯°±Ug+[]lnoeÁmkZ}
Un4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j¹g+t[]eC^`_bnowUpUn4gkahC^IaÄg+\Un4_h^`j4gwK_bcd[]l%¾U_+gba^TeUl%[tjoj4no\a+not^`jogwK_bcd[]l%_bwKc¦cd[]_ ¬ n4e ¬ gkw`8ah[
g+\no_h^Tjogt.ÏÄUnog.cdn ¬ fagb[t[]c ahwÁs¹[\Ujz^`g+nosjo[ ¬ n4u`[te5ahU^TaF[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4g'^`_+[Ug+U^`joj¯°w`sUg+[]_buK[]lÉnoea+U[
lU[]eUg+[y_+[ ¬ nowKegtpCsUa.^`għ©[}g+C^`j4j-g+[][jo^Tah[]_tpa+U[t_b[^T_+[}g+[OuK[t_b[ªwKsg+[t_vuT^Tahn4wKeC^`jM[Ou=nolU[]eUt[]glUn4gbS^²uKwK_bnoe ¬
ahnogÄ\Un4]ah_+[`
Çaxn4g.§©wK_ba+«]wKc±cd[]ea+noe ¬ ahC^IaxlUnogbg+n4\C^Tahn¯uK[[]̹[t]a+gtp-eU[ ¬ jo[]]a+[tlµnoeahU[ªa+nolC^Tj(\Un4]a+U_+[TpMcdn ¬ fa
s0[±n4cd\0wK_va^`efaS^T]ahw`_+g}noe5a+U[{[O\Ujz^TeC^Tahn4wKeÉw`ahU[{wK_bn ¬ n4e5w`ahU[±^`e ¬ Ujz^`_cdwKc±[tefa+Uc^`el·n¯ahg
c±wK_+\UwKjow ¬ no²^Tj¹lU[]\¹[]eUlU[]eUt[T wA§[OuK[t_]p lUn4g+gbno\C^Ta+n4u`[yc±[tU^`eUnogbcdg^`_b[}twKc±\Ujo[%\U_bw][tg+gb[tgx^TeUlgbw
S^`_F_+^Tah[t_F\0ww`_+j4°ºUelU[t_bgbahw=w=lM.j4a+UwK ¬ pM^`e ¬ Ujz^`_.cdw`cd[]ea+Uc nogx^`\\U_+w²nocd^Tah[]j4°ºtw`eUg+[]_buK[]l
lUU_bnoe ¬ sU^`_b°`wKe%noeS^`j4j ^TeUl%lUnogb¿Á^`]t_b[]ahn4wKeMpa+U[xeUc±[t_+n4²^`j¹g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUgxÍ?§'n4ahºmkZ}c±wl[tj?Îg+UwA§
ahU^Tac±wKgbawTCahU['^`e ¬ Ujz^T_c±wKcd[]efahUc nog^`]a+C^`joj¯°yjowKgva#ahwa+U[ÄlC^`_b¿ªcd^Ta+a+[t_(C^`jow(ÏÄU[Ä]joUc±\Un4eU[tgbg
ÍS[nogba+[teU][´w`g+Usgbah_bU]a+U_+[²ÎFnoeUlUt[tgxgvah_bwKe ¬ ^`e ¬ Ujz^`_c±wKcd[]efahUc¼ah_+^`eUgb[]_u=nz^da+nolC^Tj8a+wK_+ÃUn4e ¬
^`eUlºl°=eC^`c±not^`jM_+n4]a+nowKe¢_+w`c ahU[}lUn4g+gbno\C^Ta+noe ¬ sC^T_b°Kw`eUga+wd[]eU[t_ ¬ °f!]wKeUg+[]_bu=noe ¬ twKj4jon4g+now`eUjo[]g+gklC^T_+¿
cd^Ta+a+[t_tÏÄU[y_+[]g+Uj¯ahn4e ¬ lUnogb¿ÁahU[]_+[OwK_+[yC^`gÄuK[]_b°ºjon¯a+a+jo[gb\¹[]tn¯¾Cª^Te ¬ Ujo^`_Äcdw`cd[]ea+UcÍS^²uT^`_+_bwÁÐ
È=a+[tnoecd[Oah}``KfÎO\¹w`g+g+n4sUjo[g+wKj4ahn4wKeÁn4g[t[]lUsC^`¿sf°Ág+U\0[t_beUwAu`^´[\jowKgbnowKeÁ§'no¢§w`Ujol¢n4"e b[tOa
^`e ¬ Ujz^`_'c±wKc±[tefahUc n4efahw±noeS^`j4jon4e ¬ sC^`_v°KwKegtp¹§'no5UwA§©[]u`[t_tp jo[²^TlUga+wÁgbn ¬ eUn¯¾C²^TealU[]jz^²°%noeºahU[
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeÁw`lnog+¿g]
2M2
@@ MX 7: 07:IB
¶ [´C^²uK[{^`j4_+[²^Tl°$lnog+]Ug+gb[tlÉahC^IaxlUU_bnoe ¬ a+U[tn4_F[]u`wKjoahnow`e5lC^`_b¿$cd^Ta+a+[t_U^`jowKg.cd[]_ ¬ [E^`eUl
·
wK_bcjz^`_ ¬ [t_xU^`jowKgF§'n¯ah«cÁ^Tg+g+[]gy§'not^`e«UwKgbayah[ ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gt .wA§©[]u`[t_tp(ahU[]_+[±nogy^¢g+[t]wKeUl
noc±\0wK_bah^`efa.c±[t_ ¬ [t_[]u`[tefa}^`el$ahC^IaFnog'ah[ªc±[t_ ¬ [t_w`#ah[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]ga+U[tc±g+[]j4uK[]gtb!e5Un4[t_h^T_+Un4²^`j
c±wlU[]jog.w` ¬ ^`jz^;°ºwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe p0n¯axnogeUwK_+cd^`j4j4°%^`gbg+Uc±[tlµa+C^Tax§'U[]e«lU^`_+¿cÁ^Tabah[]_C^`j4wKgFc±[t_ ¬ [`p
ah[Ecdw`gbaFcd^`gbg+n4u`[ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°^`a+wKcÁ^Iahnot^`joj¯°s0[t]wKcd[]gah[Et[]ea+_h^`j ¬ ^`jo^I=°n4e$ah[EeU[]§ C^Tjowd§'nojo[
ah[ywTahU[]_ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgÄs0[ttw`cd[}gh^Iah[tj4jon¯ah[ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgÄwK_bsUn4a+noe ¬ §'n¯ahUn4eºlU^`_+¿cd^Tabah[t_ÄU^`jowUÏÄ[yw`_+sUn¯ahg'w`
ah[tg+[ªgh^Ta+[tjoj4n4a+[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg'§'noj4j ¬ _h^`lC^`joj¯°¢lU[]²^²°5^Tg[te[t_ ¬ °$^TeUlµ^`e ¬ Ujz^`_'c±wKc±[tefahUc¼^T_+[ªj4wKgbau=nz^
l°=eC^`c±not^`j _bno]a+nowKea+w{C^`jow{cd^Tah[]_+no^`jÆ(ÏÄ=g.[OuK[tefa+C^`joj¯°¢ahU[}g+^Tah[]jojon¯ah[ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg§'n4joj gb\Uno_+^`j-noeº^`el
c±[t_ ¬ [F§'n4ah¢a+U[}t[tefa+_h^`j ¬ ^`jo^I=°K
!e%ahU[]g+[ycdw=lU[tj4gtpa+U[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°c±wK_+\UwKjow ¬ no[tgk^`_+[}^`gbt_bnos0[tl%ahw{ahU[}\C^`_vahn4tUjo^`_kc±[t_ ¬ [t_ÄUn4gbahw`_b°
^`eUl«^`]t_b[]ahn4wKeÉ[]u`[tefahgyahC^Ta ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgF[\0[t_bno[]eUt[±lUU_bnoe ¬ a+U[tn4_}^`g+gb[tcEsUj¯°µnoe5a+U[ .eUn¯uK[]_+g+[T !e
ahnogFc±wl[tjÆp¹lUnogb¿g}^`_+[´[]eu=n4g+now`eU[tlµahww`_+c ^`gFahU[´_b[tgbUj4axwT ¬ ^`g}^`t]_+[Oah[tlÉgbcdw=w`ahj4°%_+wKc ahU[
noefa+[t_ ¬ ^`jz^`Oahn4yc±[tlnoUc DÍ _}^Ta+´Ð }eUe AK AÎħ'U[]_+[t^`gFahU[ª\U_+n4cÁ^`_v°º_+wKa+[ªsf°$§'noµ[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j
¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g.^TeUl$ah[sUj ¬ [ytwKc±\0wKeU[tefa+gw`gb\Uno_+^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgÄwK_bc nog'ahU_bwK ¬ cÁ^ bwK_'cd[]_ ¬ []_.[OuK[tefa+g
§'U[]_+[ElUn4g+¿gF^T_+[}ahU_bw;§'e5a+w ¬ [OahU[]_^`el5cdn [tlu=n4wKjo[]ea+j4°¢w`eµ^dgbUwK_ba.ahn4cd[]g+²^Tjo[dÍSÏ8ww`cd_b[± ²fKKÎ
L
È wKc±[{eUcd[]_+n4²^`jÄ!s0wl°µg+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUgFC^²uK[±g+w;§'e·ahC^Tayc±[t_ ¬ [t_xw` ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgxwT]wKcd\U^`_h^`sjo[
cd^`g+gb[tgÍScd^ bwK_Äc±[t_ ¬ [t_bgÎ_+[]g+Uj¯anoe¢ahU[xwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`ew`([tjoj4no\a+not^`j ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg}ÍSk^`_+e[tg} AMLMLKÎO
¶·[twKc±c±[tefaa+C^TaªwKeU[Át^`eC^²uK[^$cdw`eUwKjon¯ahUn4´g+][teC^`_bnow5wT ¬ ^`jz^;°µw`_+cd^Tahn4wKe«§'no
^`]twKc±cdw=lC^Ta+[tga+U[}cd[]_ ¬ []_Äw`(C^`jow`gksUaeUw`aÄa+C^Ta'w`8ah[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]irw`_ahUn4gtpU]wKjoj4nogbnowKeUg©s¹[Oa!§[][te
C^`j4wKgkcEgba'eUw`a's0[xU[t^`l!w`e^TeUl¢ahU[xl°=eC^Tcdn4²^`j0_+noOahn4wKeÁahn4cd[]g+t^`jo[Fs0[]a!§©[t[]e$sC^T_b°Kw`eUno}^`elºlU^`_+¿
cd^Ta+a+[t_Äg+wKUjol%s0[}jz^`_ ¬ [t_a+C^`e .UssUjo[xahn4cd[T
2
2
¤ªH
7$7 J-GIH J r@@ MX ÇJr:#@>;<J
ÄÏ U[{[t\0w=«wTw`_+cd^Tahn4wKe$w`©^ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°nogFUgbC^`j4j4°ºlU[]¾UeU[tl·^`gFah[´_+[tlg+Un¯?axsf°5§'U[teÉc±wK_+[
ahU^`eU^`j48w`(n4a+gÄ\U_+[]g+[tefa.cÁ^Tg+g'C^`lºs¹[][te^`g+gb[tcEsjo[tl%§'n4a+Unoe%^{g+\U[t_b[w`(_h^TlUnoUg `{¿\0`
g}§©[ÁC^²uK[dcd[]efahnow`eU[tl«[²^`_bjon4[t_tp-a+U[dcd^`n4e«]wKc±\¹[Oahnoe ¬ s0[tj4no[Og}w`_}a+U[±[t\0w·w` ¬ ^Tjz^I=°
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe·^`_b[Ác±wKeUwKj4n4ahnoºÍSn ¬ Ç_+[]lUg+Un¯?a}wK_+cd^Tahn4wKeÉahnoc±[AÎ}^`eUlUno[]_h^`_bUnot^`j.ÍSjowA§kÇ_+[tlg+Un¯?a
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKea+noc±[AÎÏÄ[gbnoc±\Ujo[]gba\¹w`g+g+n4sUnoj4n4a!°±wK_'gbah^`_ÄwK_+cd^Tahn4wKe¢[t\0w=$nogÄa+C^Ta'ahU[}sC^T_b°Kw`eUno ¬ ^`g
ah_+eU[]lµnoefahwdgba^T_F^Ta.ahU[ªu`[t_v°$[t^`_+j¯°gva^ ¬ [Ew`#a+U[Etw`jojz^T\Ug+[yw`lC^`_b¿%cÁ^Tabah[]_tÏÄU[t_b[E§wKjol$a+U[te
s0[eUwdg+[ ¬ _+[ ¬ ^Tahn4wKe$s0[]a!§©[t[]eµgbah^`_+g^`eUl$lU^`_+¿¢cd^Ta+a+[t_]p0gbnoeU][ªgva^`_bg§©wKUj4l$s0[tC^²uK[E^`g]wKjoj4nog+n4wKeUj4[tg+g
\C^`_vahn4tjo[]gt Çax§k^TgFahU[]e·^T_ ¬ U[]lµahC^Ta}c±[]ah^`j¯Ç\¹w=wK_'gbah^`_+gxn4e5ahU[´gbwKjz^T_FeU[tn ¬ s¹w`_+Uw=wl$C^²uK[´uK[]_b°
[t]t[]ea+_+n4ÁwK_bsUn4a+g^TeUlU[]eUt[dcEUgvaªC^²u`[dwK_bcd[]l·n4e^¢ahn4cd[{g+wK_batwKc±\C^`_b[tlÉahwºahU[±twKj4jz^`\g+[
ahn4cd[Tp gbUµahC^TaahU[]no_FwK_bsUn4a+gFc±n¯[tl5]wKjoj4nogbnowKeUj4[tgbg+j4°Éͳ ¬K¬ []e«[Oa}^`j³´ AKfKÎ}ÏÄUnogFn4gFwKeU[ªg+noc±\Uj4[
lU[]g+t_bno\a+nowKe%w`8ah[yc±wKeUw`jon4a+Uno.g+][teC^`_bnowU
\\Ujon4²^Ta+nowKeµw`ÄmkZ} a+U[tw`_b°«^Ta}ah[ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°5gb²^`j4[{nog}_h^Ta+U[t_}lUn ±tUj¯aª^TeUl·c±wKgva_b[tgbUj4a+g
^`_b[sC^Tg+[tl$wKeeUc±[t_bnot^`j
gbahlUno[]g§'Un4µ^`_b[cd^`noej4°d[tn4a+U[t_lUn4_+[tOagbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeUgwK_.gb[tc±n¯!^`eC^`j¯°=a+no
c±wlU[]jon4e ¬ gkw` ¬ ^`jo^I=°ÁwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eM !e%ahU[}¾C_+gva.^`\U\U_bwf^`%ahU[ ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4wKeC^`j¹^`eUlºf°=lU_+w=l°=eC^`c±not^`j
[tÃC^Iahnow`eUg^`_+['g+w`j4uK[]lÁ[\jono]n4a+j4°Ug+n4e ¬ u`^T_+now`Ug#a!°=\¹[]gw`¹eUcd[]_+n4²^`jU]wl[tg'Í E _y^Iah'[]a©^`j³ AKKKÎO
!e5ah[´g+[t]wKeUl«^`\U\_+wf^` p ahU[´[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe5w`sU^`_b°`wKeUno ¬ ^`gFn4g²^Tjotjz^Ta+[tl5Ugbnoe ¬ gbnoc±\Ujo[^`eC^Tj4°ahn4
c±wlU[]jog§'nojo[Fa+U[}[]u`wKjoa+nowKe%w`(lC^`_b¿cd^Ta+a+[t_ÄnogÄ[OuT^`joC^Iah[tl%Ugbnoe ¬ eUc±[t_bno²^Tj
'!s0w=l°gbnocEUjo^Tahn4wKeUg
Ͷ n4ah[}ÐÑir_b[teU¿$ AK ;Îw`_'^Áw`ea+[mk^`_+j4w{a+[tUenoÃU[tg.noe§'Un4$wKe[ygvahUlno[tgÄa+U[}cd[]_ ¬ []_'a+_+[][ywT
lC^`_b¿cd^Ta+a+[t_ÄC^`j4wKg}ͳmwKjo[}[]a^TjÆÄ AKT
Î.
Ña+n ¬ faF\U\¹[]_vÇs¹wKeUlÉwKe5ahU[wK_+cd^Tahn4wKe$_b[tlUgbUn4?aFw` ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg²^`eÉs0[EwKsah^`noe[tl5sf°5g+noe ¬
^ ¬ ^Tnoe5wK_xg+noc±\Uj4[Eg+\U[t_+n4²^`jcdw=lU[tj8wK_}^\U_bw`ahw ¬ ^`jz^I=°w`©_h^`lUn4U2
g =E¨\U_bw`ahw ¬ ^`jz^I=°º²^Te·wKej4°
s0[wK_bcd[]l§'U[]e«n¯ahgcd[t^`e5^²u`[t_h^ ¬ [ElU[]eUg+n¯a!°Kp C p¹nogUn ¬ [t_.a+C^`e$a+U[ªc±[²^Te5sC^`¿ ¬ _bwKUeUlµlU[]eUg+n¯a!°
xZ°=eC^`c±not^`j
_+[]jz^I^Ta+nowKe^T?ah[]_.wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`en4eUt_b[²^`gb[tgFah[Enoefah[]_+eC^Tj([]eU[t_ ¬ °$wTahU[Egva^`_bgFnoeahU[
\U_bw`ahw ¬ ^`jz^I=°`yÏÄUgy^_b[²^`gbwKeC^`sUj4[Es0wKUeUlÉwKe5a+U[´tn4_+tjz^`_uK[tj4w]n4a!°`p hpÍnoe5a+U[E²^Tg+[{w`©^lUnogb¿
gb°=gvah[tcÁÎÄwK_ÄwKe%ahU[}lUn4g+\0[t_+gbnowKe%uK[]jow=tn¯a!°Kp ;p8ÍSn4e%a+U[}²^`gb[wT#^{[tj4jono\g+wKn4lC^`j0gb°=gba+[tcÁÎ'n4gkahU[}\U_b[tg+[]efa
`
ÂÍDL `KÎ L,+ÇV V
xÍ < KÎ V Ív 6 cTÎ Y
uT^`jo[FwK_kahU[}sU_bn ¬ f a ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gt g+n4e ¬
< L,+ÇV Í 6 fc Î Y8+ÇV pU§©[ ¬ []a'a+U[}_h^Ta+now
ÍÆ`fÎ
§'Un45C^`ga+wÁs0[ªjo^`_ ¬ []_a+C^`e5eUn4a!°^Ta.ahU[ywK_+cd^Tahn4wKe¢ahn4cd[TiCwK_.^dgb\UU[t_bnot^`jc±wl[tj-ahUn4g._+^Tahn4w
²^Teµs¹[E[]gba+nocd^Tah[]l5[²^`gbnoj¯°KÏÄ[´\U_+wK\0[t__h^`lUn4Ug0ÍbÎ'w`ah[Eg+\U[t_+n4²^`j(g+U[]joj(twKefa^TnoeUn4e ¬ cd^`g+g
C^`gÄa+U[}\C^`_h^Tcd[Oah_+n4wK_bcͳ8[t[]sUjo[]g A LKfÎ
UÍ bÎ ´Í ]wKg `Î /¢Í g+noe KÎ
ÍÆ ;Î
§'U[]_+
[ .Y /ªVAÏÄU[g+\U[t_bno²^Tjg+[tjojnoen4ahno^`joj¯°$[\C^`eUlUgE§'n¯aha+U[ÁsU^`¿ ¬ _+wKeUlŧ'Unoj4[
lU[]t[tj4[t_+^Tahn4e ¬ c±wK_+[ylUU[yahwdn4ahgUn ¬ U[t_lU[]eUg+n¯a!°Kp ea+noj
n4a._+[t^`U[]gahU[cÁ^;n4cEUc_+^`lUn4Ug^I
a ^`eUl¢a+U_+eUg'^T_+wKUel^TeUl%twKj4jz^`\Ugb[tg] !en4eUgba+[tnoe¢l[OvÈ=n4a+a+[t_ eUn4u`[t_bg+[xahU[xsU^`¿ ¬ _+wKeUll[teUgbn4a!°S^`j4jog
^`g} ` V pC^`eUlºU[tet[^TaÄahU[xa+noc±[Fw`(cÁ^In4cEUc [\C^`eUgbnowKe%ahU[}_+^Tahn4w
V
ÍÆKKÎ
A
nogªwKsa^TnoeU[]lM«ÃC^Iahnoe ¬ a+Unogª_h^Ta+now§'n¯ah ͳ`fΪ^`el»w`_´^5tn4_+tjz^`_ÍSlUn4g+\0[t_+gbnowKeCÎ}uK[]jow=tn¯a!°Åw`
OÍ ]Î W`K`¿c±g L ^`eUl K L ¿\¹x§©[wKsa^`n4e
c W A ,L +ÇY ÍÆ`fÎ
ÏÄUgtpMw`_
eUn4u`[t_+gb[`pMs_+n ¬ ag+\U[t_+w`nolUgFwT ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgtwKjol5s0[Enoe\Ujz^Tt[´^Ta_+[]lUg+Un¯?aFw`
^`s0wKba c Ñ A
ÏÄUgtpU^`_ ¬ cd[]ea+ggbU%^`gk^Ts¹wAuK[F^`lUc±n4aahU[.\¹w`g+g+n4sUnoj4n4a!°Ea+C^Ta ¬ ^`jz^;°´w`_+cd^Tahn4wKe{twKUj4lw=tt_
_+[]jz^Ta+n4u`[tj4°º[t^`_+j¯°5^Ta_+[]lUg+Un¯?ahgxU\5a+wµ A8
w;§©[]u`[t_]p(n4eÉmkZ} cdw=lU[]jog ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgF^T_+[E[\0[tOah[]l«a+w
wK_bc ^Ia_b[tlUgbUn4?a+gFcEU5j4wA§[]_ahC^Te$ahUn4gtqFeU[ª_b[²^`gbwKe5wK_'ahUn4gnogahC^Ia.a+U[Etj4Ugba+[t_bnoe ¬ \C^Ta+a+[t_be
w` ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgtp0^`g.cd[t^`g+_+[tlµsf°%a!§©wT!\0wKnoefa.twK_b_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeº[]u`wKj4u`[tgF_+^`\Unolj4°¢§'n4a+a+noc±[n4e5noeUgvah[]noeÇlU[
Èn¯a+ah[]N
_ eUn4u`[t_+gb[` Ç ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg}§[]_+[¢ahwwK_+c ^T
a c A$ahU[]ewKeU[礩wKUj4l[O\0[t]ad^$l_h^`gvahno
gba+[t[]\¹[]eUnoe ¬ w`8ahU[}gbjowK\0[xw`8ahU[}tw`_+_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeeU]a+nowKe¢§'Un4n4gn4eUtw`cd\C^Iahnosjo['§'n4ahºwKsUgb[t_vu`^Iahnow`eUgt
-2 £ >²7 )@U:J @>;<J(B´@86 GTH
7*Å<SGK@7 0J D->;<J
M2 2 £ >²7 )@U:J @>;<J B]X 0 >;H87=B²<SB´@86 @ ³<SGK@>;<J(B
enoc±\¹w`_ba^Tea\0wKnoefag+wKUjols¹[y[tc±\UC^Tg+no][tlJ©ahU[ynoefah[]_+\U_b[]ah^Tahn4wKewT#ahU[ynoefa+[ ¬ _+^Tah[]l$tw`jowK_bg
wK_jon4eU[n4eUlUn4t[tgw`]wKc±\Ujo[ºgbah[]jojo^`_'\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKegtpr_+[]Ã=no_+[]geU[]t[]g+gh^T_+noj¯°a+U[ªg+[ªwTcdw=lU[]jogt'Ïk§©w
cd^`noeµÀKgbUw=wKjogbÀC^²u`[ds0[t[]e\U_+^`]a+notn4e ¬ ahnog}[O[t_btn4g+[±noeµahU[{\C^Tgbay°K[²^T_+g J}ah[{¾U_+gbaUgb[±gbnoe ¬ jo[
gba+[tj4jz^`_k\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe«Í³ÈUÈÎkcdw=lU[tj4gtp=ahU[}g+[]twKel$[]u`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°Ácdw=lU[]jogt
K
UÈ È c±wl[tjog.^`_b[ªgba+_h^`n ¬ fa+wK_v§k^T_+l5^T\U\Ujon4²^Ta+nowKegÄw`ahU[yahU[]wK_b°ºw`#gbah[]jojo^`_.[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeM xn4uK[]e
^`e¢n4eUn4a+nz^`jCcd^`g+g©UeU]a+nowKeµÍ$v$iΩ^`eUl¢U[]cdn4²^`j¹twKc±\¹w`g+n4a+nowKe pa+U[a+U[twK_v°^TjojowA§'gahw´²^Tjotjz^Ta+[.ah[
ahn4cd[x[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe%w`(g+U$^±\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe%^`eUl%ah[y]wK_+_b[tgb\¹wKelUnoe ¬ g+\0[tOah_+^`j
\U_+wK\0[t_vahn4[tg'^`_b[yw`sa^`n4eU[tl
_+w`c ah[d^²uT^`n4jz^`sUj4[ªgvah[tj4jz^`_ÀKjon4sU_h^`_v°=ÀÉÍa+U[twK_b[]a+no²^Tj#wK_x[tc±\Un4_+not^`j?ÎÏÄ[±eUt[]_ba^Tnoefahn4[tgxnoeÉgbU
c±wlU[]jogk§©[t_b[ªlUn4g+tg+g+[]l5sf°mC^`_bjow`a[]a.^`j³FÍ AKKKÎOÏÄU[]wKc±\C^`_+n4g+wKe¢§'n¯ah%ahU[ywKsUgb[t_bu`[tl5n4eUlUn4t[tg
ÍS]wKjow`_©wK_©jon4eU[tghÎ ¬ n¯uK[.twKeUgvah_+^`noefahg©wKeÁa+U[Fnoe\Ua©\C^`_h^Tcd[Oah[t_bgxÍS^ ¬ [F^TeUlc±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯a!°EnoedahU[.g+noc±\Uj4[tgba
²^Tg+[AÎE¨\0wK\UUjo^`_Fg+[]_+n4[tg}w`ÈUÈ*c±w=lU[tj4gsf°5¶·wK_ba+U[]°ÊÍ AK`
fÎ.C^`gxs0[t[]e«[=ah[telU[tl·s°5Ï(_+^ ¬ [t_
[]ax^`jÆdÍÆTKK`srÎÄahwah^`¿`[´n4ea+w¢^`]twKUefa}eUw`e!gbwKjz^`_._h^Ta+nowKg.w` [tj4[tc±[tefahga+w%iC[`p-^sUno^`gFn4e5Ug+U^`j
g+\0[tOah_+^`j-jon4sU_h^`_bno[]g¾C_+gvaeUw`ah[]lsf°%©wK_ ¬ []g'[]a.^`jÆÄÍv AKKKÎO
#uKwKj4ahn4wKeC^`_v°Ec±wl[tjog#^`_+[Tpfnoe ¬ []eU[t_+^`jÆpfw`0ah[ÄÀKwKeU[!jz^²°`[t_+Àxa!°=\0[n4eUtj4UlUn4e ¬ ÍSw`_eUw`aÎcd^`gbgjowKgbg
_+w`c ¬ ^`jo^`]a+noF§'noelUgtprwK_'noeS^`jojMwT#cd^Ta+a+[t_k_+w`c ahU[ynoefa+[t_ ¬ ^`jz^`Oahn4xcd[]lUnoUcºÏÄU[ªgva^`_ÄwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e
s0[ ¬ n4eUgħ'U[teµ^{t_bn4a+no²^Tj ¬ ^`gcÁ^Tg+g'nog^Taba^`n4eU[tlÍSgb[t[´È=[t]a+nowKeº
Îp0]wK_+_b[tgb\¹wKelUnoe ¬ ahwd^ ¬ ^`jz^T]ahn4}^ ¬ [
w`#^`s¹w`ay ;
F°=_tkÏÄ[\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe%cdn ¢n4gt^`jo]Ujz^Iah[tl pr^`g^´UeUOahn4wKewTahn4cd[TpCsf°%g+Uc±cdn4e ¬ ahU[
ÈUÈc±w=lU[tj4gF_+[]\U_+[]g+[tefah^Tahn¯uK[ÁwTkg+tt[]g+gbn4uK[dgba+[tjojo^`_ ¬ []eU[t_+^Tahn4wKeUg Jxa+U[tgb[Á^`_b[{twKefah_bwKjoj4[tlÉsf°µahU[
^`c±wKUefakwT
_+[tgbnolUU^`j ¬ ^`gk^²uT^`nojo^`sUj4['w`_gbah^`_©w`_+cd^Tahn4wKeMpK§'Un4jo[.a+U[tn4_U[]cdn4²^`j0tw`cd\0wKg+n¯ahn4wKed_b[tgbUj4a+g
_+w`c ah[±\_+w ¬ _b[tgbg+n4u`[{[teU_bnoUc±[tefayw`ahU[ vÈU noeÉÀKc±[]ah^`jogbÀsf° ¬ ^`gxjow`g+gF_+w`c®gbah^`_+g]p
eUw`a^TsUj4°
g+\¹[]_+eUwAuT^`[`ku`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°Ácdw=lU[]jogÄC^²uK[s¹[][teº²^`j4tUjo^Tah[]lsf°º_b[tgbgh^`e[]a^`jÆ.Ív ²KKfKÎ UlU[ir_b[tn¯a^`g
^TU[t]wÍ AKK`^f/Î rË^`tl[t¿nogF[Oax^`j³EÍ AKKK/Î _}w=lC^`cd^±Ð._+n4cdw`a+w5Í AKf`ÎOÏÄU[Ec±wlU[]j
Ug+[]l«sf°
!lUno^`_ba[]ay^`j³±ÍÆ`KKTsrÎn4gx^`eµU\ ¬ _h^`l[Ew`ahU[ªÃ=w`ah[]l«w`eU[´sf°5lU[´iC_b[tn4ah^`gx(^`U[t]w·Ív AK`K^fÎOxÏ8w
wKsah^`noe_+[]\U_+[]g+[tefah^Tahn¯uK[´\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeUg'wK_Ä~ gFw`uT^`_bnowKUg.cÁ^Tg+g+[]gtp¹wKeU[Egb[tjo[]]a+gFnoeU\aF\C^T_h^`c±[]a+[t_+g]p
nÆ [`¯p¹a+U[´gbah^`_wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`e[ d]no[]eU]°É^TeUl5ahUF
[ v$ip¹a+U_+w` ¬ É^`eµn¯ah[t_+^Tahn¯uK[\U_+w=t[]lUU_+[Tp-noe5gbU«^
§^A°º^Tga+wd_b[t\U_bwlUt[ywKeU[xUeUlC^Tcd[]eah^`j
\U_+w`\¹[]_ba!°%w`Ä~gEÍSwK_Ä[OuK[tefa+C^`joj¯°%g+[OuK[t_+^`j?ÎkiCwK_'noegba^TeUt[Tp
noe«ahU[ÁÃ=w`ah[]lcdw=lU[tj4gsf° !lUnz^T_ba[]a{^`j³Åͳ`KKTsrÎ}c±w=lU[tj4gª^`_b[d¾Uabah[]lMp#ahU_bwK ¬ Å^`eÅn4a+[t_+^Tahn¯uK[
\U_bw][tlUU_b[`pCahw´a+U[xtwKj4wK_vÇcÁ^ ¬ eUn4a+UlU[.lUnz^ ¬ _h^`c®DÍ ÄÇË}Ωu`[t_bg+Ug w`([tj4jono\ahnot^`jognoea+U[mwKcd^±^TeUl
ËFn4_ ¬ wªtjogbah[]_+g]ÏÄ[y_b[tÃUn4_+[tl%gva^`_kwK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eÁ[ ±]no[te]°¢gbUwKUj4l%a+U[te%s0[}^`e%noeU]_+[t^`g+n4e ¬ UeUOahn4wKe
w`8ahU[ ¬ ^Tjz^`OahnocÁ^`gbgtpC^TeUlºa+U[}g+j4wK\¹[xwT(a+U8
[ v$iÊgbUwKUj4ls0[xg+j4n ¬ fa+j4° r^Ta+a+[t_'noe%sU_bn ¬ fa+[t_ÄwKs b[]]a+gt
¶ n4a+¢ahU[^`lu`[tefawT(S^`gvatwKc±\Ua+[t_+g.^`eUlº\0w;§©[t_vUj
g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eÁah[]UeUnoÃU[]gtprahU[]_+[}C^`gs0[t[te
tw`eUg+n4lU[t_+^`sUjo[x\_+w ¬ _b[tgbgn4e¢lU[tgbt_bnosUn4e ¬ ahU[ ¬ _bw;§Äa+%w`gvah_bU]a+U_+[]g^`elºn4e¢_+[]\U_+w=lUU]noe ¬ g+w`cd[xw`8ah[
sC^`gbno}\U_bwK\¹[]_ba+no[tg'w` ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg'^TeUlºa+U[tn4_'[]uKw`joa+nowKeMC !e%ahU[y²^Tg+[yw`Ä~ gtprtw=lU[tgnoetjolUnoe ¬ È=cdw=w`ah
^T_bahn4tj4[ '°=lU_+w=l°=eC^`c±no]g^`el'Çs¹w=l°{Ï8_+[][`pU^Au`[s0[t[]eUg+[]lÁahw[O\Uj4wK_+['§'U[]a+U[t_ahU['wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe
w`
¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgnoeg+nol[.eUw`e!_bw`a^Ta+noe ¬ u=no_bnz^`j4no][tl±Z} C^TjowKgjo[t^`lUgahwE_b[tg+j4ahgtw`cd\C^Iahnosjo[ħ'n4a+^`OahC^`j
lC^Tah^Áwl[tjogy^`j4wKe ¬ a+U[tgb[Ájon4eU[tg]p-noeU]joUlnoe ¬ U[t^Tahn4e ¬ ^`eUl«tw=wKjon4e ¬ ÍSgb[t[ÁÈ[tOahnow`e·
U¯ ;Îp8[]eU[t_ ¬ °
[t[]lUsC^`¿^`eUlU[tc±not^`j
[]u`wKjoa+nowKeC^²uK[s¹[][te5lU[OuK[]jowK\0[tlÊͳmUnowKgbn8Ðmk^`_+_+^`_+w`KfKÎprnoeUlUn4²^Ta+noe ¬
ahU^Ta'ahU[O°%²^`eº_+[]\U_+w=lUU][ya+U[}sC^`g+n4}wKsUg+[]_bu`[tl5\U_bwK\0[t_ba+no[]gwT# ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg'^`gÄah[y]wKjow`_v!cd^ ¬ en4ahlU[
_+[]jz^Ta+nowKedwK_a+U[ »_h^Ta+nowªu`[t_bg+Ugt[]ea+_h^`j¹uK[tj4w]n4a!°dlUnogb\¹[]_+gbnowKeMÏÄU[tgb[ygbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeUgg+ ¬K¬ [tgvaÄahC^Ia
cd^`g+gbn4uK[E'~ gFwK_bc¼a+U[EsUjo¿ºw`ahU[ªgba^T_+gxnoe5^Ág+Uw`_baFa+noc±[tg+t^`jo[Tp0§'[t_+[t^`g}jowA§k!cd^`gbgÄ~ gxC^²uK[{^
tw`cd\Uj4[Ogbah^`_wK_bcÁ^Iahnow`eUn4gba+wK_b° Jnoe$wTahU[]_§w`_+lUg]p-gba^T_wK_+cd^Ta+nowKeºnog.[²^`_bj4°^`eUlµÀKc±wKeUw`jon4a+Uno]À
on eºUn ¬ n4eUn4a+nz^`j¹lU[teg+n4a!°ºgv°gvah[]cdg]p¹n4_+_+[ ¬ Ujo^`_'^`eUlnoefah[]_+c±n4a+a+[tefa'noeºjowA§Wn4eUn4a+nz^`j¹lU[teg+n4a!°%w`eU[tg]k¶ n4ah
ah[´cdw=lU[tj4gFsf°9_}^²§k^Ia^«ÍÆ`` ;ÎOp¹ahU[´j4w;§
_h^IahnowÁwKsUg+[]_bu`[tln4eµsU_+n ¬ fax[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4g.^TgF§[]joj
^`gxah[tno_xs_+n ¬ a+eU[tgbg}\U_+w`¾Ujo[Í©ahU
[ f,L + 7ªjo^²§.ÎOp
²^`e«s0[±_b[t\U_bwlUt[]l^`l[tÃC^Ta+[tj4°Ésf°µgbnocEjz^Ta+nowKeUg
tw`eUg+n4lU[t_bnoe ¬ a+U[E]joUgvah[t_bnoe ¬ w`g+Us0tj4Uc±\UgF²^TUg+[]lµs°$noeUn¯ahno^`j-g+cd^`joj !gb²^`j4[yl[teUgbn4a!° CU]a+C^Ta+nowKeUg]
ÏÄUn4g.\U[teUwKc±[tewKe$j4[²^`lUg'ahwd^`e ¬ Ujz^`_'c±wKc±[tefahUc ah_h^TeUgb[]__bwKcahU[ysC^`_v°KwKetwKc±\0wKeU[tefaahw{ahU[
Z}·p¹_+[tgbUj4a+noe ¬ noeÉ^eU[t^`_+j¯°$gb\UU[t_bnot^`jgv°gvah[]cg+U\U\0wK_vah[tlÉsf°5_+^`eUlUw`c c±w`ahn4wKeUg]yqxe5a+U[´w`a+U[t_
C^`elMpr'Çs¹w=l° KÈC Rg+nocªUjz^Ta+nowKeg[]u`[tefahU^`joj¯°%\U_+[]lUnoOaa+C^TaÄa+U[c±wK_b\UUwKj4w ¬ °5ÍSg+[][EÈ=[t]a+nowKeº
U KÎnog
^ÀTah_h^TeUg+n4[tefahÀ\UU[tewKcd[]eUwKeÁ§'n¯ahUn4e±a+U[jon4[Oahn4cd[Äw`M^ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°±^`eUldnoglU[]a+[t_bcdn4eU[tldsC^`g+n4²^`j4j4°ªs°±ah[
c±wlU[w` ¬ ^`g'^`t]_+[Oahnow`eͳÈ=ah[]noeUc±[]a+xÐÑ.^²u`^T_+_+wd``fKÎO#ZFnog+¿g'^`_bnogb[F_+wKc¦ahU[xgbcdw=w`ah¢l[t\0wKg+n¯ahnow`e
w`(twKj4l ¬ ^`g^Ta'ahU[}][tefah[]_.w`Z}C^`jow`gk§'Unoj4[xg+\UU[]_+wKn4lUg_+[tgbUj4aÄ_bwKc a+U[}gbahn4_+_bnoe ¬ w`\U_+[][Onogvahn4e ¬
lUn4g+¿g'lUU_+n4e ¬ cd[]_ ¬ []_+g]
-2 2
@
Æ7=:;78GK7B Ç:;J J-6
7 SB
¬ [´^`eUlµc±[]ah^`joj4notn¯a!°[OÌ []]ahgxt^`eµs0[ElUnogb[tefa^Te ¬ jo[]lµUg+n4e ¬ ÈUÈ c±wlU[]jogn4lUn¯Ì []_+[]eaFnoeUlUn4t[]g
ÍS]wKjow`_+gFwK_ `^`eUlÉgb\¹[]]ah_+^`j?Î.^`_+[´Ugb[tl·^`eUlÉn4a+U[{twKeg+nol[t_+[]lÉgbah[]jojo^`_Fgb°=gvah[tcn4gN#%<.1.G(/1E.´ÍlU[
iC_+[]n4a^Tg.(^`U[]tw5 A`fp
AKM LKÎOkj4jono\ahnot^`j ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg^`_+[yt[]_bah^`noeUj¯°¢eUw`agbnoe ¬ j4[}gb°=gba+[tc±gt\ ÇprwKea+U[
wKeU[´U^`eUlÉahU[{^ ¬ [´_h^`e ¬ [´w`ahU[{\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe5c±n¯twKegbahn¯aha+noe ¬ a+U[ ¬ ^`jo^I=°$n4gF\U_+w`sC^`sUj¯°5ÃUn4a+[
eC^`_b_+wA§ÍSI!
F°=_Îpr^{_b[²^`gbwKeºnoefuKwK¿T[tlºah3
w bUgba+n4?°dahU[}Ugb[w`#ÈUȸcdw=lU[tj4gtpUw`e%a+U[}w`ah[t_'C^`eUl%ah[
sUUn4jol{U\wTMU[]cdn4²^`jC[]jo[tc±[tefa+g_+[]ÃUno_b[tgg+U]t[tgbg+n¯uK[xgba+[tj4jz^`_ ¬ []eU[t_+^Tahn4wKeUg]p\U_bwlUtn4e ¬ ^}c±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯a!°
g+\_+[²^Tl$^`l[tÃC^Ta+[tj4°%l[tg+]_+n4s¹[]lsf°¢\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe¢c±n¯Ácdw=lU[tj4gt
.[OuK[]_bah[tjo[]g+g]p8ÈUÈ cdw=lU[tj4g.U^Au`[Es0[t[teµgbUt][tgbgbUj4j4°Ug+[]l5ahw ¬ [OaFn4eUg+n ¬ fan4eah[ªU[]cdn4gbah_v°
w`[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjogt g+Uc±cd^`_b°%w`#^`eC^`j¯°=g+nogcd^`lU[}wKe$ln4̹[t_+[]efaFc±[²^`eº[tj4[tc±[tefa^`j8^`sUeUlC^`et[tgnoe'~ g
²^Tes0[xwKUeUl%noe¢¶·wK_ba+U[]°ÉÍv AK LfÎO
!ea+U[Ájo^`gbalU[tt^`lU[cd^`ef°«gba+UlUno[]gªgb ¬K¬ []gbah[]lÅahC^Iaa+U[c±[²^`e ¬ `iC[ _h^Ta+nownoe«sU_+n ¬ fa
[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4gtpl[t_+n¯uK[]lÊ_bwKc a+U[¢tw`cd\C^T_+nogbwKes0[]a!§©[t[te¸wKsUgb[t_bu`[tl^`eUl»gb°=efahU[Oahn4ºn4eUlUn4t[tg]p^`_+[
eUwKe=!g+w`jz^`_Ͷ·wK_vahU[O°[OaF^TjÆF A`f ¹mk^`_+w`jojow±Ð Zx^TeUtn ¬ [t_y AK`
ClU[EiC_+[]n4ah^`g^`U[]twµ A`KK^fÎkÏÄU[
_+[]g+Uj¯ahn4e ¬ [teUC^TeUt[]l ¬ `iC[ _+^Tahn4w±]wKUj4lºgbnoc±\Uj4°Ás¹[xa+U[]wKeUgb[tÃU[tet[Ew`#^´g+UwK_va\0[t_bnow=l%w`#gva^`_
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe±^`Oahn¯un¯a!°Kpf§'U[]_+[a+U[sUjo¿´w`Ma+U[gvah[]jojz^T_\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe{nogwK_bcd[]lMpf§'n4ahdg+U]t[]g+g+n¯uK[xgvah[tj4jz^`_
[ <gbU\0[t_+ew;uT^`[dÍ³È ?vÎOCÏÄU[}no_bwKeÇ_+no
¬ []eU[t_+^Tahn4wKeUgÄs0[tnoe ¬ [teU_bnoU[]lcd^`noej4°±sf°¢ahU[x=[ b[t]ah^±wT8a!°=\08
+[ b[]]ah^±w`È ^{s0[ ¬ n4e%a+w{twKefa^Tcdn4eC^Tah[Fa+U[}cd[]lUnoc jz^Iah[t_]pC^`s0wKa LIh K F°=_.^I?ah[t_ka+U[}wKeUgb[]a.w`
ah[gva^`_'wK_+cd^Ta+nowKe¢\U_bw][tgbgtpM^TeUl$wKej4°%^{g+cd^`jojM_+^`]a+nowKe%w`ahU[}ahw`ah^`j-gba+[tj4jz^`_Ä\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe%²^`es¹[
[te_+no[tlºs°¢a+U[tgb[[OuK[]ea+gtp0\U_+w=lUU]noe ¬ gva^`_bg'§'n¯ah%jowA§©[t;
_ ¬ `iC[ M_h^Ta+nowKg]pUnÆ [`eU[t^`_'g+wKjo^`_t
.gbnoe ¬ ÈUÈ»cdw=lU[]jogtpÏ8_h^ ¬ [t_[]aÄ^TjÆ'ͳ`KK`sCÎl[t_+n¯uK[]l_+wKc a+U[n4eUlUno][tg !p ¬ ^`el ^`eÉ^²uK[]_h^ ¬ [ºÍSeU[t^`_xt[]ea+[t_hÎcd[Oa^`j4jono]n4a!° 6x `p w`_F^gh^Tcd\Uj4[Ew`©KÄ~ gtF
_}w`sC^²°f^`gbUnÐ
f
_bnoc±w`ahw5Ív A`KfÎ.Ugb[tlµah[´gh^`c±[Ec±wlU[]jog{ÍsUaF§'n¯ahµgbwKjz^`_@ ¬ `iC[ zÎ^`eUlµah[EnoeUlnot[]g ^`eUl· ¬ V ͳ ¬ Î.a+w¢wKsah^`noeµc±[²^`eµc±[]ah^`joj4no]n4ahn4[tgÄwK_x^g+^`c±\Ujo[EwT L`[²^`_bj4°fÇa!°=\0[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]ÏÄU[
_+[]g+Uj¯ahn4e ¬ uT^`j4U[tg^`_b[n4eºa+U[y_h^`e ¬ [ . L ir[ ( 6x pU§'n4a+ºa+U[ª^TsUUeUlC^TeUt[]glU[]_+n4u`[tl$_bwKc
ah[ Ñn4eUlU[µs0[tnoe ¬ gb°=gba+[tcd^Tahn4²^`j4j4°jowA§[]_FahC^TeÉa+UwKgb[´[tgba+nocd^Tah[]l5_+wKc ahU[± ¬ V ͳ ¬ Î
noelU[O¹
!lUno^`_ba[]ay^`j³±ÍÆ`KK`^fÎw`sa^`n4eU[tlµ][tefah_+^`j#]wKjowK_bg{DÍ .©Ëx\
vÎ^`el ¬ _h^`lno[tefa+gwK_x^g+^`cd\jo[ªwT
f¢[²^T_+j4°fÆa!°\0[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg]p
^`eUl«lU[t_bn4u`[tl«t[tefa+_h^`j^`eUl«c±[²^`eÉc±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯ahno[]g'Ug+n4e ¬ a+U[tgb[dlU^Ta^%^`eUl
[]u`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°%c±w=lU[tj4g.lU[]g+]_+nos0[tl5^`s¹wAu`[%$Í !lUno^`_ba[Oax^`j`KfIsrÎO'ÏÄU[O°¾Cel5cd[t^`e$c±[]ah^`joj4no]n4ahn4[tgkn4e
ah[´_h^`e ¬ [ iC[ ( 6x T
Up¹§'n¯ahÉ^g+^`cd\jo[E^²u`[t_h^ ¬ [ iC[ ( 6} 4 K fÍS_+c±g+lCÎO
m[tefa+_h^`juT^`j4U[tg}^T_+[´^`s0wKax LÁlU[OµUn ¬ [t_.§'n¯ahµeU[t^`_+j¯°$a+U[Egh^Tcd[Elnog+\0[t_bg+n4wKeMyÏÄU[tgb[±_b[tgbUj4a+g
g+ ¬K¬ [tgvakahU^Tak[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4gC^²uK[x^eC^`_+_bwA§ _h^`e ¬ [w`
c±[]ah^`joj4notn¯ahn4[tgtpTu`^T_b°=noe ¬ §'n4a+UnoeÁ^S^`]a+wK_w`-ahU_b[t[Tp
§'Un4jo[Fah[tno_'cd^`g+gb[tg'uT^`_b°§'n¯ahUn4e¢a!§wdwK_+lU[]_+gw`#cd^ ¬ en4ahlU[{Í_bwKc¼
:Å A )L < =Éa+w@
:Å A LSV =-ÎOp
^`]twK_blUnoe ¬ a+w{a+U[}cdw=lU[]jogÄw`8ahU[y^Tw`_+[tc±[tefa+nowKeU[]lº^`ahwK_+g]
¶ Un4jo[Es0w`ah«ÈÈ*^`el«[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeC^`_v°$c±w=lU[tj4gah[]eUlµahw%^ ¬ _b[t[´n4e5ahU[´lU[Oah[]_+c±noeC^Ta+nowKe$w`ahU[
ir[ (k^`eUl `iC[ _+^Tahn4wKgtpa+U[t_b[¢^`_b[gba+nojojlUn4gh^ ¬ _b[t[]cd[]ea+gEnoeÅ^ ¬ [lU[Oah[]_+c±noeC^Ta+nowKegt$Ï8_h^ ¬ [t_
[]aª^`j³µÍÆTKKK^fÎl[]ah[]_+c±noeU[{ÀÈÈ![tÃUn¯uT^`jo[]eaª^ ¬ []g+ÀUp
ahw ¬ []a+U[t_}§'n4a+·c±[]ah^`joj4notn¯ahn4[tgF^TeUl `iC[ [teC^`eU][tc±[tefahgx_+w`c a+U_+[][Ejon4eU[ªn4eUlUno][tg]pM^`eUlÉ^Ttt[]\a}_+[t^`j#^ ¬ [E[O]U_+gbnowKeUgF_bwKc ^`s¹w`ay±a+wºT
F°_]
mwKj4wKU_+g#^`eUl{g+\0[tOah_h^TjUnoeUlnot[]g#_+wKc []u`wKjoahnow`eC^`_b°c±wlU[]jog(w`0[tjoj4no\a+not^`jog]pTn4eUtj4UlUnoe ¬¬ ^`gn4e CwA§
^`eUl%wKa CwA§ §[]_+[}twKc±\Ua+[tl%sf°%_b[tg+g+^`e%[]a^`j³'Ív ²KKfÎp§'Uw{tw`eUtj4UlU[tl%ahU^Ta' ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gklUw´eUwTa
wKj4jowA§ ^ª\U_+[Fgb[tÃU[tet[y[tn4a+U[t_©w`8^ ¬ [wK_c±[]ah^`joj4notn¯a!° J ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgw`8lUn4̹[t_b[tefakcd^`g+gb[tgÄC^²u`[xg+̹[t_b[tl
lUn¯Ì []_+[tefaygbah^`_FwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe$UnogvahwK_bno[tg]p-noeµgb\Un4a+[±wTC^²u=noe ¬ _+^Tah[t_xwKj4lÍ AIh ;!
F°_hÎF\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKegt
_xwlU^`cÁ^}Ð*._+n4cdw`a+w±Ív A`fKÎ#twKeg+nol[t_+[]lda!§©wªc±wl[tjCg+[]ÃU[teU][tgyÍS^ ¬ [^`eUldcd[Oa^`j4jono]n4a!°yg+[]ÃU[teU][tghÎOp
noe´§'Un4da+U[.\U^`_h^`c±[]a+[t_bg§©[t_b[^T"l bUgba+[tldnoe{wK_+l[t_ahwx¾UaahU[.mÄ lnz^ ¬ _+^`cÑwTM[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4g(n4emwKcd^
ÏÄU[O°5tw`cd\C^T_+[tlahU[[]uKw`joa+nowKe5wTs¹wTahÉmÄ gb[tÃU[tet[tgyU\$a+w_+[]lUg+n4?ahg c E^`eUl5]wKeUtj4UlU[]l
ahU^TaahU[^ ¬ [Ägb[tÃU[]eUt[Fl[]u=nz^Ta+[tgg+n ¬ eUn¯¾C²^`efa+j4°ª_bwKcÑw`sUg+[]_buT^Tahn4wKeUg^`j4_+[²^Tl°´^Ta c pg+U\U\0wK_vahnoe ¬
ah[yu=no[O§*a+C^Ta'ahU[ªmÄ lnz^ ¬ _+^`c n4g'\U_+n4cÁ^`_bnoj¯°Á^{c±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯a!°±uT^`_bnz^Ta+nowKe§'n¯ahºjoUc±noewKg+n¯a!°KÈn4cdn4jz^`_
tw`eUtj4Ug+n4wKeUg.§©[t_b[´_+[t^`U[tlÉsf°Ï^`cªU_h^Á[Oa}^`j³´ÍÆTKKfÎÄ_+wKc ah[´^`eC^`j¯°=g+nogw`Ä~ gxnoea+U
[ UsUsUj4[
ZF[t[]\«ino[]jolµwK_ba+Mp
^`gF§©[tjoj#^`gxsf°ÉÈ^ ¬ jonz^d[]ay^`j³Í³`KK`sCÎOp §'Uw%n4eu`[tgvahn ¬ ^Tah[]lÉa+U[´[]u`wKjoahnow`eµw`
tw`jowKU_ ¬ _h^`lUn4[tefahg§'n4a+±a+U['_+[]lUg+Un¯?a²p=sf°{twKc±\C^`_bnoe ¬ uT^`jo[tgnoe´ah[.]joUgvah[t_mk
K`
f 6x
`
Á$Í c W fKÎ
§'n4a+¢ahUwKgb[}lU[t_bn4uK[]lwK_Äj4wt^`j []joj4no\a+no²^Tjogt
!e´ahU[Ägb[t_bno[tgw`0[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeC^`_v°ªc±wl[tjog\UUsUj4nog+[tl´sf
° !lUno^`_ba[Oa^`j-ͳ`KfIsrÎOp`a+U['gbah^`_wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe
^`Oahn4u=n¯a!°¢s¹[ ¬ noeg^`s0wKay ;
F°_.^ ¬ wd^`eUl%ah[c±[²^`e$^ ¬ []g.w`(ahU[y\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe%cdn uT^`_b°¢_bwKc ;
ahw« A
F°_}n4eÉa+U[´Ujoj_h^`e ¬ [±wT ¬ ^`jo^I=°5cd^`g+gb[tg]
!eÉahU[]g+[±wKjolÉ\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeUg]pMahU[{sUUj4¿5w`©ahU[
gbah^`_+g'§©[t_+[ywK_+c±[tl¢§'n¯ahUn4e^´ahn4cd[xn4efah[t_vuT^`j-w`^Ts¹wKaF
F°_]prwK_^Ta.^`e[]\¹w= c ª ºÍw`_.^
§©wK_+j4l$c±wlU[]j-§'n4ah
ºp ±^`eUl < K{¿c Tg Kº\¹²ÎO'ÏÄU[ªt^`jo]Ujz^Iah[tlg+\0[tOah_h^Tj
K
\U_bwK\¹[]_ba+no[tg]p
eUw`a^TsUj4°5a+U[{_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeUgxs0[]a!§©[t[]eah[ ^`eUl«w`a+U[t_}jon4eU[EwK_}]wKjowK_xn4eUlUn4t[tg]p8^`_+[{noe
¬ []eU[t_+^`j^ ¬ _+[][tc±[tefa§'n¯ah5wKsg+[t_vuK[]lµlC^Ta^Fw`_+[ª_b[t][tefahj¯°Kp ¶^`lUlUn4e ¬ a+wKe$[Oax^`j³ªÍ³`Kf`ÎÄw`sa^`n4eU[tl
nocd^ ¬ []g.§'n¯ah5ah[ FÈÏ w`a!§w%\U_b[]u=now`Ug+j¯°5¿eUwA§'e·[]joj4no\a+no²^Tj ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg{ͳ`T¶ K`^`eUl·`T¶ ` ;Î
^Ta.
K p0C^²un4e ¬ w`jolºgbah[]jojo^`_'\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKegtÄÏÄU[]no_wKsUg+[]_buT^Ta+nowKeUgnoelUnot^Tah[}ahC^Ia.a+U[ª_b[tgba._h^`c±[
DÍ ÄÇËxΩtwKj4wKU_ ¬ _h^`lUn4[tefaÄw``I¶ KKEnogtwKeUgbnogvah[tefaħ'n¯ah¢ahC^IaÄw`8\U_+[]g+[]eav!lC^²°ºÄ~ gtpCg+ ¬K¬ [tgvahn4e ¬ ahC^Ia
ah[sUUj4¿{w`Mah[Fgbah^`_+g§[]_+[wK_bcd[]lÁwKe^yuK[]_b°Ág+UwK_vaa+noc±[tg+t^`jo[^Ta
ÏÄ[w`a+U[t_©wKs b[tOaÄC^`g^
tw`jowKU_ ¬ _h^TlUno[]eakjz^`_ ¬ [t_a+C^`ea+UwKg+[xw`sUg+[]_buK[]ln4e¢[tj4jono\ahnot^`jog^Tak KpsUaÄa+U[}^`a+UwK_+gtwKeU]joUl[tl
ahU^TaF^Tjog+w±noe%ahU^TaF ¬ ^`jz^;°¢a+U[ysUUjo¿¢wT#ahU[ygba+[tj4jz^`_'\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKe¢§k^`gwK_+c±[tlºnoe$^dUn ¬ Ç_+[tlg+Un¯?a
g+wK_bagbah^`_kwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe¢sU_+gva²¶Å^TlUlUnoe ¬ ahwKe%[Oa^`jÆ]wKeUtj4UlU[]lºa+C^Ta's0w`ah ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgk^`_+[}ÀK\C^Tg+g+n¯uK[]j4°=À
[]u`wKj4u=n4e ¬ ÍSg+[][EÈ=[t]a+nowKefÎn4ea+w{wK_+lUn4eC^`_v°[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4g©sf°¢ah[y\_+[tgb[tefa.lC^²°K
M2 M2 ¥ªJ0B<³G¢7 0J$->;<SJ
!e$a+Unogg+[]]ahn4wKe§©[ª_b[]u=no[O§WahU[cÁ^Tnoeºg+wKU_bt[]gw`n4ewK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe¢\_+[tgb[tefahj¯°5^²uT^`n4jz^`sUj4[Fahw ¬ Un4lU[
wKU_Ä[OÌ w`_bahgÄa+w;§^`_blUg^´s0[]abah[t_'UelU[t_bgba^TeUlUnoe ¬ w`8ah[}w`_+cd^Tahn4wKe¢^`eUlº[]u`wKjoahnow`eºwT# ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgt
!e·a+U[±Uno[]_h^`_bUnot^`jg+t[]eC^`_bnowUp8cÁ^Tg+g+n¯uK[dÄ~g}wK_+c ^Ia_b[tjo^Tahn¯uK[tj¯°µjowA§Ñ_+[tlg+Un¯?ahgÁDÍ c ¼ KÎ
ah_+wK ¬ Éa+U[{cd[]_ ¬ n4e ¬ w`©g+\Un4_h^`j ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg]p-g+w¢ahU^TaywKjolU[]_F[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4g.gbUwKUj4l«s0[{_h^`_b[{^Ta}Un ¬ U[t_
_+[]lUg+n4?ahg]8
!e«]wKefah_+^`gbatp ahU[´c±wKeUw`jon4a+Uno}gbt[teU^`_+n4w¢\U_+[]lUnoOahga+C^Taxcd^`g+gbn4u`[E[tj4jono\ahnot^`jogÄwK_bcd[]lµ^Ta
c pC^T?a+[t_'^´sU_bno[](^`elºn4efah[teg+[}gbah^`_kwK_+cd^Ta+nowKe\0[t_bnow=l%^`eUlº^`_b[x[]uKw`j4u=noe ¬ \C^Tg+g+n¯uK[]j4°KpCn4cd\j4°=noe ¬ ^
tw`eUgbah^`efaFtw`cdwAu=noe ¬ eUcEs0[t_lU[teUgbn4a!°` !e$a+Unog²^Tg+[`p ^dgbUsUgbah^`efahno^`j
e=cEs¹[]_w`#wKs b[tOahg§'n¯ahºahU[
noefa+[ ¬ _+^Tah[]lÁtw`jowKU_bg^TeUlÁgb\¹[]]ah_+^ªw`-w`jolÁ\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeUgn4g©[\¹[]]ah[]lahws¹[.lU[]a+[t]a+[tl%^Ta c ¨ `#ÏÄU[t_b[
C^`gs0[t[teUwA§[OuK[]_x^±eUcªs¹[]_.w`lUnogbt_b[t\C^`efa_+[tgbUj4a+g Jg+wKc±[^`ahwK_+g'wKUeUl^{tjo[t^`_'lU[]¾Utn4a.w`wKjol
wKs b[]]a+gk^Ta c ¨ ªÍÆÈahnz^²u`[tjoj4nCÐ*Ï8_+[]%`KK 'w=lUn ¬ no[t_bwx[]a^`jÆ#`K AÎOpK§'Un4jo['w`ah[t_+gwKUelÁ[]u=n4lU[teU][
wK_.^d]wKeUgbah^`efaF]wKcdwAu=noe ¬ lU[]eUg+n¯a!°ÅͳÈtw=lU[ ¬K¬ nowdÐÈn4j4uT^ÁTKK !c¼[]aF^`jÆ'TK ;Î ;iC_bwKc eU[²^T3
_
g+_buK[O°=gtpr=ah_+[]cd[]j4°d'[tl%qFs b[]]ahgxͳÄqFgÎC^²uK[Fs0[t[]e¿eUwA§'ewK_°`[²^`_bgtpC^TeUlda+U[tn4_nol[tefahn¯¾C²^Ta+nowKe
§'n4a+¢[tn¯ahU[]_kgbah^`_kwK_+c±noe ¬ lUUgva!° ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gkwK_kwKj4l[²^T_+j4°fÆa!°\0[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g©§'n4a+¢\C^`gbg+n4u`[}[]uKw`joa+nowKe¢C^Tg
s0[t[te¢\_+wK\0wKg+[]lM[]t[]ea§wK_b¿rpUUg+n4e ¬ _+[]jz^Ta+n4u`[tj4°{jo^`_ ¬ [.gbU_bu`[]°¾C[]jolUg]pU^`n4cd[]l¢^TaUww`g+noe ¬ s¹[Oa!§[][te
ah[Ea!§w¢\0wKg+gbnosUn4jon¯ahno[]g'Ug+n4e ¬ ahU[{ _¦]wKjowK_bgtp¹g+\0[t]a+_h^%^`eUlµ]joUgvah[]_+noe ¬ \U_+wK\0[t_vahn4[tgt`
Çay^T\U\¹[t^`_+g
ahU^Ta}s¹wTahÉ\U_+w`\¹wKgb[tlÉa!°=\¹[]gywTkÄqFg}w]tU_xn4eÉ_+wK ¬ Uj4°$[tÃC^`j\U_bwK\0wK_ba+nowKeUgF^Tay c
§'n4a+µ^`eµ^ ¬ [ªw`#\¹[]_+C^`\gx F°_wK_'ahU[EÀ`wKjol$kqxgbÀUp ]wK_+_b[tgb\¹wKelUnoe ¬ ahwdw`_+cd^Tahn4wKe$^I`
a c ¨
ÍÆmn4cÁ^Ia+ahn-[Oax^`j³4p `KK`^fÎO[²^`_ c ¨ KprahU[wKjol$Ä~gx^T_+[ªcªU5c±wK_+[ygba+_+wKe ¬ j4°%tj4Ugba+[t_b[tlÊͳZx^TlUlUn
[]a.^`j³4pC`KfKÎir_bwKc a+U[tn4_Ägba^Iahnogvahn4tgkwK_';
LK _!sU^`eUlºg+[tj4[tOah[tlwKs b[]]ahg]pC§'n4ahº_+[]lUg+n4?ahg'U\ºahw% K
wK_Äc±wK_+[TpCmn4cÁ^Tabahn¹[]a^`j³ÍÆ`KKTsrÎ^Tabah[]cd\aahw´ah[]gbatU_b_+[]ea ¬ ^Tjz^I=°Áw`_+cd^Tahn4wKeÁc±wl[tjog]pU^`elºS^²uKw`_
ah[y\U_+[}jocdn4eUwKg+n¯a!°Á[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe¢w`(wKjol ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gÄ^ ¬ ^TnoeUgva'Uno[]_h^`_bUnot^`jMc±[t_ ¬ noe ¬ [OuKwKj4ahn4wKeM
ÏÄU[ªireUlC^`c±[tefa^Tjjz^TeU[n4g.gvahn4joj-À`UelC^`c±[tefa^`j4ÀÁ^Iajo^`_ ¬ [ cÏÄU[g+cd^`joj-gb²^Tabah[t_wKsUg+[]_bu`[tl
noeµa+U[d `_+^Tahn4wºl[t_+n¯uK[]l«_bwKc®ah[di*noc±\¹w`g+[tgFa+n ¬ fa}]wKeUgba+_h^`n4efahg}wKeÉahU[{l°=eC^`c±no]gtp v$i
`
`^ eUl5^ ¬ [tg.w`#a+U[Egba+[tj4jz^`_'\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeUgͳ'[teU]noeUn(Цmnow`abahn AK`fÎO 0_ ¬ [teg+[teµ[Oax^`j³Ív AK`fÎ'U^Au`[
wKsah^`noe[tl±\UUw`a+wKcd[Oah_bno'^`eUld¿noeU[]cÁ^Ta+noÄlC^Ia^y^`eUl±lU[t_bn4uK[]lda+U[iwK_a!§wtjogbah[]_+geU[²^T_ c ¯ L
ÏÄU[O°5tw`cd\C^T_+[a+U[tn4_._b[tgbUj4a+g§'n4a+$ahUw`g+[Ew`u`^TeÉZFwK¿¿=c ЦiC_h^`e=Í AKKKÎOp¹^`eU9
l _x[tj4g+wKe$[]ax^TjÆ
Ív ²KfKÎwK_}gba+noj4j#cdw`_+[{lUnogva^`efatj4Ugba+[t_+g]p#^`el·¾CeUl^gbcdw=w`ah«lU[]t_+[t^`g+[dw`' `§'n4a+ cÏÄ[
_+[]g+Uj¯ahg}^`_b[Etw`eUg+n4gbah[]efay§'n¯ahµ\C^Tg+g+n¯uK[´[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeµw`©^gba+[tjojo^`_\0wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeºwK_+c±[tlÉ^T`
a c µÍ?wK_
< Â KÎÏÄUn4gF^ ¬ _+[t[]g§'n4a+$ah[ªtw`eUtj4Ug+n4wKeUg_b[²^`[tlÉsf°$Ugbnoe ¬ w`ahU[]_]joU[]gFw`[]u`wKjoahnow`eMp¹n³[T
ah[ _}w`_+c±[teUl°$_+[]jz^Ta+nowKe$w`
_ no[ ¬ jo[t_.[]ay^`j³Í AKKKÎOp-^`elÉa+U[{twKj4wKU_Fw`_Fjon4eU[OÇnoeUlUn4t[]g_+[]jz^Ta+nowKegt
ÏÄU[ª§©wK_b¿w`(^`U_b[E[]aF^`jƪÍÆ`` ;Î'^ ¬ ^`n4e$lU[]cdwKegbah_+^Tah[]gahU^Taa+U[´Èn4efah[t_bt[]\aFw`a+U[´i#8p0a+U[
_+[]gbaF_+^`c±F
[ ÄÇË ]wKjow`U_F^`el$ahU[E^`sUg+w`_+\a+nowKejonoe[gvah_+[]e ¬ a+Ugtp
^`j4j
[]uKw`j4uK[ª\C^`g+gbn4u`[tj4°noeahU[_h^`e ¬ [
c {]wAuK[t_b[tl5sf°a+U[}lC^Tah^
ÏÄU[g+cd^`joj
g+t^Ta+a+[t_.wKsUg+[]_bu`[tlµnoeºahU[E ¬ V ±ÍSw`_.]wKjowK_' OÎ_b[tjz^Iahnow`eºgb ¬K¬ []gba+gahC^Ia.a+U[
sUUj4¿w`(gbah^`_+gw`(joUc±noeUw`Ugk[tj4jon4\ahn4²^`j4g©cEgbas¹[}_+^TahU[]_'wKjolMpU^`eUl%wK_+c±[tl%noe^´g+Uw`_ba'ahn4cd[xn4ea+[t_vu`^Tj
w`a+U[´wK_+l[t_Fw`© F°=_t8
!e5ah[E[]u`wKjoa+nowKeU^`_b°cdw=lU[]jogsf° !lUnz^T_baF[Oay^`jÆ´ÍÆ`KKTsrÎOp0ahU[´c±wK_b[
cd^`g+gbn4uK[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gyU^Au`[¢^n ¬ U[]_gva^`_}wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeÉ[ d]no[]eU]°^`eUl«ahU[]_+[]w`_+[da+U[ÁgbjowK\0[{w`ka+U[
_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeº ¬ V .noeU]_+[t^`g+[]g.gbjon ¬ a+j4°±§'n4a+%a+U[}_+[]lUg+Un¯?a² !ein ¬ k AEahU[}\Uj4w`a'w`8ahUn4gÄ_+[]jz^Ta+nowKeÁw`_
lUn¯Ì []_+[tefa_+[]lUg+n4?ahg']jo[²^T_+j4°dlU[]cdwKegbah_+^Tah[]ga+UnogÄ[OÌ []]at
¬ noeUlUn4t[]gÁw`}Ä~ gÁn4e¸ah_+[t[$tjogbah[]_+gÁ^TaÁn4efah[t_bcd[]lUnz^Iah[º_+[tlg+Un¯?ahgµÍ fKÎE§[]_+[
tw`cd\C^T_+[tlahwÁa+UwKg+[ªnoe$e[²^`_bs°ÍS fÎ'tjogbah[]_+gFsf° no[ ¬ jo[]_.Ð[]eUlU[]_±Ív AKKKÎOÏÄU[tgb[{^`a+UwK_+g
Í
Î
wKUel»^$cd[t^`eÅlUn¯Ì []_+[]eUt/
[
Í Î < +Y ^ ®
s0[]a!§©[t[]e¸s0w`a+
<
gh^Tcd\Uj4[tg]pMtwKc±\C^Ta+nosUj4[x§'n4ahÉ^À`\C^`g+gbn4u`[tÀ¢[]u`wKjoahnow`eM`
!e5S^`]atpMUgbnoe ¬ a+U[tn4_lC^Tah^wKe5ah[ªuK[]jow=tn4a!°
nog.`
lUn4g+\0[t_+gbnowKe$^`eUl$a+U[tw`_+[]a+not^`j( ¬ V x_+[tjo^Tahn4wKeUg]pra+U[ª\_+[tlno]a+[tl5c±[²^Te5lUn4̹[t_b[teU][
´ ͳ ¬ ¨ ; V ÎprtwKeUgbnogvah[tefa.§'n4ahºwKsUgb[t_vu`^Iahnow`eUgt'ºwK_+[]w;u`[t_^±sU_bn ¬ fa+[teUn4e ¬ wT^`s0wKaÄ ´cÁ^ ¬
^Ta¾[t
l nogwKsUg+[]_bu`[tlµnoe%ah[ªÇcÁ^ ¬ eUn4a+UlU[Tpr^`jogbwd]wKeUg+n4gba+[tefa§'n¯ah%ahU[yahU[]wK_+[Oahnot^`joj¯°[\0[tOah[]l
noet_+[t^`g+[}w`^`s0wKak!
`
±cd^ ¬ n4e%a+U[xËR¾Cj4a+[t_t
ÏÄU[ c}uT^`_bnz^Ta+nowKe´wT¹a+U[.mÄ lUno^ ¬ _h^TcÂn4e±]joUgvah[]_+gC^`gs¹[][tedgbahlUno[]ldU\{ahw cÑ sf°dÈ=ah^`ewK_bl
[]ak^`jÆÄÍv AKKpr AKM LfÎ#ÏÄU[F_b[tgbUj4a+gÄ^`_+[^ ¬ ^`n4ed[\Ujz^`n4eU[tlÁs°±ah[\C^`gbg+n¯uK[x[]u`wKjoahnow`eÁw`
^\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe
wK_bcd[]lµ^T8
a c R FuT^`eÉZFwK¿¿Uc [Oa}^`j³{ÍÆ``KfÎU^Au`[´wKsah^`noeU[]lµ[O=ah[]eUg+n¯uK[{tw`jowK_lC^Tah^ÁwK_FÄ~ g
noe$^d]joUgvah[t_^T3
a c R LKprtw`eUtj4UlUnoe ¬ sf°^Á\C^`gbg+n4u`[ª[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe$w`^d\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKec±n¯¢wKjolU[]_a+C^`e
c
ÏÄU[y_IwK| j4[F\Ujo^A°`[tlºsf°¢ahU[ -![tj4[tc±[tefahg]pC_+[]\U_+[]g+[tefa+[tl5cd^`noej4°±sf°¢cÁ^ ¬ eU[tgbnoUcºpn4e¢ahU[}[]u`wKjoahnow`e
w`
[t^`_+j¯°Æa!°=\¹[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg§k^Tgk_+[]t[tefa+j4°d_+[]u=n4[]§©[tl%sf°ÁÏÄUw`cÁ^`g©[]ak^`jÆ'ͳ`Kf`ÎOÏÄ[]°g+[}ÈUÈÊc±wl[tjog
§'n4a+ºuT^`_bnz^`sjo
[ `iC[ 8_+^Tahn4wKgkahwÁ^`eC^`j¯°][}jonoe[O!n4eUlUn4t[tgÄn4e$^±gh^`c±\Uj4[xw`Ä ;`´¾C[]jol^`eUl$]joUgvah[]_.j4wt^`j
¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gtp8^`eUlɾCeUl^º]wK_+_b[tjo^Tahn4wKeÉs¹[Oa!§[][tea+U[ _+^Tahn4w^TeUl«a+U[{uK[tj4w]n4a!°µlnog+\0[t_bg+n4wKe
ÍSgb[t[±^`j4g+w¢lU[±iC_+[]n4a^Tgx^`[ttw· AKKKÎOp-^`el·^Tjog+w%s0[]a!§©[t[]e·ahnogx_h^Iahnow^`eUlµahU[{[]gbahn4cÁ^Iah[tlµc±[²^Te
\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeµ^ ¬ [TªÏÄU[O°µtw`eUtj4UlU[EahU^TaxahU[´c±wK_b[EcÁ^Tg+g+n¯uK[Ea+U[ ¬ ^`jz^;°`p ah[´g+UwK_vah[]_xnogxn4a+gFgbah^`_
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe$g+²^Tjo[`p8^`el«a+U[{Un ¬ [t_xnogFa+U[{_+[]lUg+Un¯?a}w`a+U[{sUUj4¿$w`ahU[{gva^`_xwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe ªÏÄU[]g+[
f
¾CeUlnoe ¬ g'^T_+[FeUwTa'twKc±\C^Ta+nosUj4[§'n¯ah¢ahU[x\_+[tlno]a+nowKegkw`8Uno[]_h^`_bUnot^`j c±w=lU[tj4gw` ¬ ^`jo^I=°dw`_+cd^Tahn4wKeM
ÏÄU[]g+[ytwKeU]joUgbnowKeg'^`_+[xn4eºj4noeU[.§'n4ah¢[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeC^`_v°c±wl[tjogk^`gÄ\U_+[]g+[]ea+[tl5sf° !lnz^`_vaÄ[]a.^`jͳ`KKTsrÎO
ÏÄU[{c±wK_+\UwKjow ¬ no²^Tj(]jz^`gbg+n4¾U²^Ta+nowKeµw` ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gtpM[a+[teUl[tla+wºjo^`_ ¬ [ c%_bwKc ÈÏÑn4cÁ^ ¬ [tgtp
jo[t^`lUgxahwº_h^IahU[]_ª^`cªsUn ¬ wKUgx_+[]g+Uj¯ahg]ÏÄUnog}n4gyn4e·\U^`_baylUU[{ahw%ah[dn4ea+_+n4eUg+n4´lUn ±tj4a!°Éw`©ahUn4g
[O[]_+tn4g+[Tpr§'n¯ahºlUn4̹[t_b[tefa'wKsUgb[t_vuK[t_bgwKsa^`n4eUnoe ¬ ln4uK[]_ ¬ []efa_b[tg+j4ahgÄ_bwKc a+U[}gh^`c±[}lC^Ta^ºÍSi0^TsU_+n4²^`efa
[]ax^`jÆy``KfÎOyZF_b[tg+gbjo[]_F[]a}^TjƱÍv ²KfKÎÄwKUeUl«^Á_b[tjz^Iahn4u`[EUn ¬ $_h^T]ahn4wKe5w`gb\Uno_+^`jog^`t]wKcd\U^`eUno[]l
sf°É^¢jowA§R_h^`Oahn4wKeµw`kÈ~ gxnoeÉtj4Ugba+[t_+gx§'n¯ahUn4e5ahU[´_b[tlUgbUn4?a}_+^`e ¬ [{ c =p-twKeU]joUlnoe ¬
ahU^Taa+U[ªwK_bcd[]_tjo^`g+gb[tga+_h^`egbwK_bc n4efahwÁa+U[Ejz^Iah[t_c±wK_+\UwKjow ¬ no²^TjMa!°\0[tg]yqahU[]_x^`a+UwK_+g´ÍSg+[][`p
wK_.noeUgva^`eU][`p¹eUlU_b[twKeÉ[Oax^`j³ª AKKKÎľUeUlÉ^ÁcEUµÀ`cdn4jolU[]_+À±[]uKw`joa+nowKe5wTahU[EÈ KÈ_+^Tahn4wUuT^`e
ZFwK¿¿Uc[Oa^TjÆ'ͳ`KKfÎgvahUlno[tl%ah[x_+noºtj4Ugba+[t_.5ȹ ²fT
T!K´^Tb
a c * LK{^`eUl¢wKUeUl^´lU[]¾Utn4an4e
ah[Ä\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKeªw`0[²^`_bj4°fÇa!°=\0[ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg]pK_+[t^`Unoe ¬ ^S^T]ahw`_#w`M._+wKc c*a+w c Ñ #wK_+[]wAuK[t_]p
ah[]°±C^²uK[.[tgba+nocd^Tah[]l±a+C^Taah[_+^`]a+nowKe±w` u`[t_v°d]jowKgb[.snoeC^`_v°ºÍSw`_n4efah[t_+^`]a+noe ¬ Î ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgtpf\_+wKsC^TsUj4°
a+U_+[}c±[t_ ¬ [t_+g]pCnogx ; ¢p§'UnoºtwKjol%g+U\\¹wK_va'ahU[}nol[²^EahC^Ia.[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog©^`_+[xÀKc±[t_ ¬ [tlÀ±gb\Uno_+^`jog]
!eºtwKeU]joUgbnowKe pahU[}gva^`_bg.n4e¢[tjoj4no\a+not^`jogFÍSwK_Äc±wKgba'wT(a+U[tcsf°%cd^`g+g'^TeUlj4n ¬ faÎ^`_+[}eUw{lUw`Usa
wKj4l_+w`cahU[]no_g+\0[t]a+_h^`j(\U_+w`\¹[]_bahn4[tg.^`eUl$a+U[ª]wK_+_b[tgb\¹wKelUnoe ¬ cÁuT^`_+no^Tahn4wKeUgtkaa+U[]°cd^A°%U^Au`[
s0[t[te_b[²^`gbg+[]cEsUjo[]lÅcEUjz^Ta+[t_ynoefahwºahU[]no_y\U_+[]g+[tefa{eUn4t[dg+\UU[]_+wKn4lC^`jgb°=gvah[tc±g JdiC_h^`e=·Ð uT^`e
ZFwK¿¿Uc ͳ`K AÎC^²uK[{\U_bwK\0wKg+[]l·^dcd[]C^`eUn4g+c a+w¢_+[]twKeU]noj4[ªahU[]g+[´]wKe Cn4]ahn4e ¬ n4eUlUnot^Tahn4wKeUg]pM^Ta
jo[t^`gba^Tg'S^T_'^`g'tjogbah[]_ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tgÄ^T_+[}twKet[t_beU[tl
M2 ¥ªJ8G D868<D ·:;7*@U: -B
ÄÏ U[E_b[t][tefa}Un ¬ $ÃC^`j4n4a!°ºnocd^ ¬ n4e ¬ ^`eUlµ¿noeU[]cÁ^Iahnot^`j-lC^Tah^ÁwKe5[]joj4no\a+no²^TjogÄC^²uK[´gbUwA§'e5ahC^Ia
s0[tg+n4lU[tgÄa+_+n¯!^Inz^`j4jon¯a!°KpfahU[]g+[ ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgC^²uK[^{]wKc±\Ujo[%gba+_+UOahU_b[yn4eUtj4UlUn4e ¬ ahU[}\U_b[tgb[teU][ªw`(noeUe[t_
lUn4g+¿gtp0twK_b[tg^`eUl$]Ug+\f°jon ¬ fa'\U_+w`¾Ujo[tg]kÏÄU[yah_+n ^Ino^`joj4n4a!°{noe[t_+_b[tlº_+wKc _+^`lUnz^TjMu`^T_+nz^Iahnow`eUgÄw`a+U[
^Inz^Tj8_+^Tahn4wKg'§k^`gF_bah[t_gbU\U\0wK_ba+[tlµsf°eU[]§ lC^Tah^p gb ¬K¬ []gba+noe ¬ gbUsUgva^`efahno^`j_bw`a^Iahnow`e$^`j4wKe ¬ ahU[
c±noeUwK_^In4gtwK_+[]wAuK[t_]pMg+«n ¬ Ã=U^`jon¯a!°%lC^Ta^±lU[tc±wKeUgvah_+^Tah[]l5ahU[[Onogvah[tet[Ew`gbcÁ^Tjoj-t[]efah_h^Tj
tw`cd\0wKeU[]ea+g.ew`agbC^`_bnoe ¬ ahU[y_+wTa^Ta+nowKeºw`a+U[ycÁ^`n4e%s¹w=l°KpC§'Un4µ^`_b[n4ea+[t_b\U_+[Oah[tl$^`g'ahU[y_+[]g+Uj¯a
w`(²^`\ahU_b[ywT#^{g+cd^`joj¹eU[²^T_+sf° ¬ ^`jo^I=°K
ÏÄU[]_+[Fn4g\U_b[tg+[]efahj4°dgba+_+wKe ¬ []u=nol[teU][tgkahU^Takc±wKgbaFÍSn¯-eUw`ak^`jojzÎ#[tjoj4no\a+not^`jog#wKgbanoeÁa+U[tn4_©][tefah[]_+g
^cd^`gbg+n4u`[dsjz^`¿µUw`jo[d^`sUjo[´a+w$c±wlUn¯?°$a+U[d\_+w`¾Cj4[dwTkahU[{uK[]_b°·t[]ea+_h^`jcd^Ta+a+[t_ylUnogvah_bnosUa+nowKe
ÍSsU^`_b°`wKeUnoÁ^`eUl·eUwKeÇsC^`_b°`wKeUn4AÎO%ÏÄU[]g+[ºÈU4 ¦wK_bc\¹[]_+C^T\UgEtw`ea+[tc±\¹w`_h^`eU[]wKUgbj4°µ§'n4a+Å^`j4j
gba+[tj4jz^`_Ägb\UU[t_bwKnolgtp0^´\UnoOahU_b[ygbU\U\0wK_ba+[tls°¢a+U[ywKsUg+[]_bu`[tl5]wK_+_b[tjz^Iahnow`e¢s¹[Oa!§[][te$a+U[EÈ$4 RcÁ^`gbg
^`eUl%ah[y][tefah_+^`jMuK[]jow=tn¯a!°¢lUnogb\¹[]_+gbnowKe%w`8ahU[ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°K
ÏÄU[}l°=eC^`c±not^`j [Ou=nolU[]eUt[xwK_a+U[x\U_b[tg+[]eUt[yw`(lC^`_b¿Ácd^Ta+a+[t_kn4eahU[x][tefah_+^`j-_+[ ¬ nowKegk[tn¯ahU[]_kw`
g+\no_h^TjogwK_[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4gÄnog.eUw`aF]wKeU]joUgbn4uK[Tp gbnoeU][ªahU[ª\U_+[]lUnoOah[tl$ÀKtUgb\f°À%\U_bw`¾Cj4[tg._bwKc¼eUcd[]_+n4²^`j
K
+g n4cEUjo^Tahn4wKeUg©^`_+[Few`aÄg+[][teºnoe¢_bw`a^Ta+nowKedtU_vuK[]gtp0^`eUl¢gva^`_bgIJ^`e%\U_bw;u=n4lU[ah[x_+[tÃUn4_+[]l ¬ _h^²u=n4a^Iahnow`eC^`j
¾C[]jol%noeUgbnolU[.ahU[}wK\a+not^`j _+^`lUnogahw{[O\Ujo^`noe¢¿n4eU[tcd^Tahn4²^`j¹lC^Tah^C.wA§©[]uK[]_tp0^Ta'jo^`_ ¬ []_lUn4gbah^`eUt[]gtpCah[
tw`e¾CeU[]cd[]eaw`#a+U[w`a ¬ ^`g.gb[t[]eµnoe a.!_+^²°g.noc±\Ujon4[tga+U[ª[nogba+[teU][Ew`#^dg+sUgbah^`efahnz^Tj(^TcdwKea.w`
lC^`_b¿cd^Tabah[t_noe5C^TjowKg]pM^`j4g+wgbU\U\0wK_ba+[tlÉsf°5_+[]t[]eay¿noe[tcd^Tahn4lC^Ia^wKeµ\Ujo^`eU[Oa^`_v°e[tsUUjo^`[{^`eUl
¬ j4wKsUUjo^`_Ätj4Ugba+[t_+g]p n4eah[ªwKa+g+¿no_vahg.w` ¬ no^`efa[]jojon4\ahn4²^`j4gt©ÏÄU[ª[a+[teUgbn4u`[´e=cd[]_+not^`j
g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eUg
\0[t_bw`_+c±[tl«s°«gb[]uK[]_h^`j^`a+UwK_+gynoelUnot^Tah[´ahU^Ta}ahU[dlU[teUgbn4a!°ÉlUn4gba+_+nosahn4wKeÉnoeUgbnolU[±lC^`_b¿µcÁ^Tabah[]_
C^`j4wKgtp0wK_+c±[tlahU_bwK ¬ µgbUt][tg+gbn4u`[±c±[t_ ¬ noe ¬ [t\nog+w=lU[]gtp-²^Teµs¹[E_b[t\U_b[tgb[tefah[]l·sf°µ^Te5ÀKUeUn¯uK[]_+gh^TjoÀ
\U_bw`¾Cjo[Tp-noeUl[t\0[teUlU[]efawT©a+U[´\C^`_+^`cd[Oah[]_+g}lU[]¾UeUnoe ¬ a+U[´twKgbcdw`jow ¬ n4²^`j8c±wlU[]jÆp a+U[´cd^`g+gxw`ah[
C^`j4w´wK_ÄahU[}_b[tlUgbUn4?at
ÏÄU[yUeUlU[]_+gva^`eUlnoe ¬ w`a+U[}U[²^Ta+noe ¬ ^`eUlºtw=wKj4noe ¬ w`(ahU[}sC^T_b°Kw`e$tw`cd\0wKeU[]ean4g.^Te[]g+g+[]efahnz^Tj
¿`[O°%noe¢ah[y\_+w=t[tgbg.wT ¬ ^Tjz^I=°Áw`_+cd^Tahn4wKeMp=g+noet[yn4aÄ\0[t_bcdn¯ahgkah[yl[]¾CeUn¯ahn4wKe¢w`^´]_+n4a+not^`j cd^`g+gÍ?wK_
^ ¬ n4uK[]e$lC^T_+¿%C^`j4w±cd^`gbgÎ'^`s¹wAu`[§'Un45gbah^`_w`_+cd^Tahn4wKe%nog'ah_+n ¬K¬ []_+[tl .wA§©[]uK[]_Fcd^`ef°\_+wKsUj4[tc±g
gba+noj4j#_+[]cÁ^`n4eµUeUgbwKj4u`[tlMp^`gxahU[{wK_bn ¬ n4eµw`a+U[±^`e ¬ Ujo^`_xc±wKcd[]efahUc®^`eUl«n4ahg}_b[tjz^Iahnow`e5§'n4ahÉah[
!eÉahU[´no[t_+^`_+no²^Tj#g+][teC^`_bnowUpMa+U[´c±wK_+\UwKjow ¬ °$n4gahU[{]wKeUg+[]ÃU[teU][Áw`
¬ ^`jo^`]a+nocdwK_b\UUwKj4w ¬ °`
^\C^`_vahn4tUjo^`_.c±[t_ ¬ [t_^`eUlÉ^`]t_b[]ahn4wKe5Un4gba+wK_b°ºahC^Ia ¬ ^`jo^Ino[]g[O\0[t_bno[tet[´lUU_bnoe ¬ ahU[]no_x^`gbg+[]cEsUj4°`
ZFnogb¿g©^T_+[ÄahU['_b[tg+j4aw` ¬ ^`g^`t]_+[]a+[tldg+c±ww`a+Uj4°_+wKc ahU[noefa+[t_ ¬ ^`jz^`Oahn4kcd[]lUnocp`§'nojo[Ägb\UU[]_+wKn4lUg
§©wKUjol%s0[FwK_+c±[tla+U_+w` ¬ %cÁ^ bwK_kc±[t_ ¬ [t_k[OuK[tefa+g§'U[]_+[ylUnogb¿g'^`_+[xc±n¯[tl%^TeUl%_+[tjo^I[tl¢u=nowKj4[tefahj¯°K
ÏÄU[´sUjo¿$wTahU[´gvah[tj4jz^`_.\¹w`\UUjz^Iahnow`eUgw`Ä~ g}nogÃUn¯ah[´wKj4l»Ív A; A!
x°=_Îp-^`]twK_blUnoe ¬ a+wÁah[
noefa+[t_+\_+[]ah^Tahn4wKe$wTahU[En4efah[ ¬ _h^Ta+[tlµtw`jowK_bg^`el5ahU[E]wKjow`_v!cd^ ¬ en4ahlU[}lUnz^ ¬ _h^`cº3
wA§[OuK[t_]p-sC^`gb[tl
cd^`noeUj¯°EwKedahU3
[ !É^`eUl noelUno][tgtp=g+w`cd[.^`a+UwK_+gwKUeUl ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tg§'n¯ahgvah[tj4jz^`_\0wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeUg
g+sUgbah^`efahnz^Tjoj4°%°`wKUe ¬ []_tp-gbwKcd[Oahn4cd[]gnoe$twKefah_+^`lUn4]ahn4wKe$§'n¯ah$a+U[´wKsUgb[t_bu`[tl«twKj4wK_+g]`
Çaxg+wKUjolµs0[
[tc±\UC^Tg+no][xahC^Ta'wTahU[]_[OÌ []]a+ga+C^`e^ ¬ [xwK_Ä[]cdn4g+g+n4wKe%cÁ^²°^TÌ []]a'ah[ noelU[Oº^TgtpUwK_Än4eUgbah^`eUt[Tp
ah[Uw`_+no]wKefa^`j
sU_+^`eUcdwK_b\UUwKj4w ¬ °µÍSlU[ªir_b[tn¯a^`g^TU[t]w¢Ð¨k^`_bsU°É AKK rlU[ªiC_b[tn4ah^`g^`[ttw
AK LfÎOy'[tt[]efagva^`_.wK_+cd^Tahn4wKe$[]\Unogbwl[tgFah_bn ¬K¬ [t_+[]lµsf°É^`t]_+[Oahnow`eµw`noefah[]_ ¬ ^`jo^`]a+noycÁ^Iah[t_bnz^`j8wK_
g+cd^`j4jUeU[²^T_+sf° ¬ ^`jo^Ino[tgt^`eUeUwTa©s0[[Otj4UlU[tl p^`elÁ^`\\¹[t^`_+g\U_+w`cdn4eU[tefanoe±g+[OuK[]_h^`j0jow=²^`jwKs b[tOahg]
U_vahU[]_n4eUlUn4²^Ta+nowKewT^`e%noen4ahno^`j¹^`eUlºnoefah[]eUg+[ygbah^`_ÄwK_+cd^Tahn4wKe\0[t_bnow=lºn4gÄ\U_+wAu=nol[tlºs°¢a+U[}_+[]jz^Ta+n4uK[
^`sUeUlC^`eU][Ew`#a+U[ -![]jo[tc±[tefa+gtpr§'Uno5n4g^±ÀKtj4w¿Àgb ¬K¬ []gba+noe ¬ ahC^Ta.ahU[cÁ^ bwK_+n¯a!°¢w`#a+U[ªgva^`_bg
§©[t_+[ywK_+c±[tlºnoe$^{a+noc±[tgb²^`j4[ywT;!4
F°=_t'w`gbaFwTah[EÄ~gC^²uK[ªcd[t^`ec±[]ah^`joj4no]n4ahn4[tg©eU[²^`_g+w`jz^`_]p
§'Un4$nog^`enoeUlno²^Iahnow`e¢w`^±\¹wK\Ujz^Ta+nowKe¢c±n¯¹pC]wKeUgba+n4a+ah[]l$w`lUn4̹[t_b[tefa ¬ [teU[]_h^Ta+nowKeUg_+[]ÃUno_b[tla+w
ah[ysUnoj4l¢U\wT(a+U[}U[tc±not^`j-[tj4[tc±[tefahg]
ÏÄU[twKj4wK_+g]p0a+U[]wKjow`_v!cd^ ¬ en4ahlU[xlUnz^ ¬ _h^`cÍSc±wKgba.\U_+w`sC^`sUj¯°º^dc±[]a^Tjojon4tn¯a!°ÇcÁ^Tg+glnz^ ¬ _+^`cÁÎ
^`eUl5a+U[E_b[tjz^Iahn4u`[E^`sUeUlC^`et[´w`a+U[ Ç[tj4[tc±[tefahgS^²u`wK_+gx^Teµ[]uKw`joa+n4uK[ªg+t[]eC^`_bnow§'U[]_+[Eah[Egbah^`_
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeÉ^T]ahn¯u=n4a!°µs0[ ¬ n4eUgy^T?ah[]_ya+U[d^`g+gb[tcEsUj¯°µw`k^t_bn4a+no²^Tj#cÁ^Tg+g}w` ¬ ^`gtp(^`t]wK_+lnoe ¬ ahwºahU[
lU[]g+t_bno\a+nowKe ¬ n4uK[]e{\U_+[Oun4wKUgbj4°K.?ah[]_#ahU[ka+_+n ¬K¬ [t_bnoe ¬ p`c±wKgbawT¹a+U[Ägbah^`_+g^`_b[kwK_+c±[tl´n4e±^F_+[tjo^Tahn¯uK[]j4°
g+wK_ba©ahnoc±[tgb²^`j4[ÍÆ;! F°_hΩ^`eldah[te¢[]u`wKj4u`[FÀK\C^Tg+g+n¯uK[]j4°=ÀU#ÏÄU[]g+[x]wKeUtj4Ug+n4wKeUg]p^`g©g+[][te¢noeÈ[tOahn4wKe
p
^`_b[´_+[tn4ewK_bt[tl«sf°5ah[´g+cd^`joj(g+²^Ia+ah[]_}noeµahU[± `_h^IahnowÁlU[t_bn4uK[]l«_bwKc a+U[±iCUeUlC^`c±[tefah^`j
f
jz^`e[{^`eUl«n4ahgxl[tt_b[²^`gb[±§'n¯ahÉ_+[]lUg+n4?a²p
[]Ã=n4uT^`jo[]efaxahwº^¢sU_+n ¬ fah[tenoe ¬ w`ah[ ¬ ^`jz^In4[tg§'n¯ah c
ÏÄU[E[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe$wT#ahU[ªjoUc±noeUw`g+n4a!°ÁUeU]a+nowKew`ÀK_b[tlUÀ ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg.^`jogbwÁ\0wKnoefa+gnoeg+UÉ^dlUno_b[t]a+nowKe p
^`g§[]joj8^`g.a+U[ª[OuKwKj4ahn4wKeºw`#ah[´ ¬ x_b[tjz^Iahnow`eMpr^`j4a+UwK ¬ ºa+U[E^²uT^`nojo^`sUj4[xlC^Ta^±wKea+U[ªjo^Ta+a+[t_
²^TeUeUw`as¹[ytwKeg+nol[t_+[]lµ^`g.twKeU]joUgbn4u`[`qxeºahU[w`ah[t_C^`eUlMp0ahU[ycd^`noe^`_ ¬ Ucd[]efan4eS^²uKwK_.w`^Te
^`gbg+[tcªsUj4°¢wTgb\Uno_+^`joga+w´wK_+c[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjognogkah[y\0wKgbg+nosjo[FlU[]t_b[²^`gb[ªw`8ahU[x_+^`]a+nowKe¢w`8ah[yjo^Ta+a+[t_Ä^Ia
Un ¬ U[t_._+[]lUg+Un¯?ahg]p
^`e5[]u=n4lU[teU][{t_+n¯ahn4tno][tls°$g+wKc±[´^`ahUwK_bgFwKe5a+U[EsC^`gbnogFwTahU[´lUn ±tUj¯ahno[]g.a+w
lUn4gbahn4e ¬ Un4g+¢c±wK_+\UwKjow ¬ not^`j0a!°=\0[tg.^Ta'Un ¬ )
c
ÏÄU[±a!§wg+t[]eC^`_bnonÆp8ÀKc±wKeUwKj4n4a+Uno]ÀÁuK[]_+g+gªÀKUn4[t_+^`_+Un4²^`j4ÀUp
g+¿T[]ah[tlnoe«wKU_ynoefa+_+w=lUU]a+wK_b°
g+[]]a+nowKeºahw±lU[tgbt_+n4s¹[}ah[wK_bn ¬ n4e%^`eUl[]uKw`joa+nowKe%w`[tjoj4no\a+not^`jog]p§'noj4jM\U_bwKsC^`sUj¯°¢s0[yewÁc±wK_+[xah[]eC^`sUj4[
noeÉ^¢eU[t^`_Fa+U_+[Tp(^Ia}jo[²^Tgba}noe5a+U[tn4_Fg+n4cd\jonogvahn4wK_bcdg]E'[tt[]efahj4°5wKsUg+[]_bu`[t_+g^`eUlµa+U[twK_b[]a+notno^`eUg
C^²uK[´cd^`lU[ ¬ _+[t^TaFgvah_bnolU[]gahwA§^`_+lUgF^gb°=efahU[]g+nog]}ÏÄU[E[t\0w=Ugxw`cd^ bwK_gbah[]jojo^`_w`_+cd^Tahn4wKeU^Au`[
s0[t[tenolU[]ea+n4¾C[]l·_bwKc®uK[]_b°·lU[t[]\ÅcEUj¯ahn ǧ^Au`[OÇjo[te ¬ ahÉg+_buK[O°=gºÍÆÈ=a+[tnol[tjÆp AK`fÎx^`eUl·_bwKcah[
^`eC^Tj4°=g+n4gFw`ahU[±mw`g+c±no
Ñ^`¿ ¬ _+wKeUl ,Í }n4g+\0[t_vax[]ay^`j³ETKKfÎÏÄU[´gvah[]jojz^T_wK_+cd^Ta+nowKe_h^Ta+[
gba+_+wKe ¬ j4°$lU[t]jonoe[tl·^T?ah[]8
_ c Á^TeUl«§^`g}\0wKg+gbnosUj¯°µcÁ^;n4cÁ^Tj(eU[t^`_ c {ÏÄU[ds_+n ¬ a+[tgva
¬ ^`jo^Ino[]gxlU[]a+[t]a+[tl^IagbU[]\¹w=UgͳM°=cÁ^`e«_b[²^`¿ }^`jo^Ino[tghÎg+[][tcahwºs0[Á^`eU^`jow ¬ wKUgFahw¢a+U[
jow=²^Tjjocdn4eUwKUg ¬ ^`jz^;n4[tg§'n¯ahÉnoefa+[teUgb[±gva^`_Fw`_+cd^Tahn4wKe5s0[tUn4eUl«^`e·[²^²u°µlUUgvaÀ`tU_va^`n4eUÀU
xUnolU[]_+lUw`eUnÄͳ`KfKÎg+Uc±cÁ^T_+no][tga+U[E§©wK_+¿UeUlU[]_ba^T¿`[te«ahw¢c±wl[tjÆp 7 1!,1 &/#'0/. ;/!=/# / -". RSOp(ah[dwK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe·^`eUlUno[]_h^`_bUnot^`j[]uKw`joa+nowKe·w`kah[tg+[ÁwK
s b[tOahg]p#§'UnoÅ]wKUj4lÅs¹[±ahU[
\U_bw ¬ [ten4ahw`_+gÄw`(cÁ^Tg+g+n¯uK[}\U_b[tg+[]efalC^²° ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgtps¹w`a+%g+\Un4_h^`j4g'^`eUl%[tj4jono\ahnot^`jog]
¶·[{a+C^`eU¿
iC_+n4g+·^`eUlȹ8$^Tah^`_+_b[tg+[´wK_}U[]jo\j#twKc±c±[tefahg]d} ·-nogxgbU\U\0wK_ba+[tlsf°
U_+w`\¹[t^`eÏeU[]a!§©wK_+¿«ÍtwKefa+_h^`O3
a ..ÄvmÏvTKKI!K Af`ÎO
ML
P F9 FP µ¥ y£
elU_+[]wKe5È0prZx^Au`wKUgvaįp.[]nocÏx¯p- AKf=pUFÐxRf`pCKf
_beC^`s0wKjolnM·¯priC_+[][tcd^`e _´ m¯p- AK`pn4e¢ÏÄU[}^IahU_b[xw`(j4jon4\ahn4²^`j }^`jz^;n4[tg]p[tlgtr·_+eU^`s¹w`jolUn
[Oa^`jƯpUFÈ mwKe0È=[t_t- ` AprT
_beC^`s0wKjoln
·¯prir_b[t[]cÁ^`e _´ m¯p0[]eUlU[tªy ¯p0mk^`\C^Tttn4wKjon-·4p0mno^`_+lUjoj4w{y¯pCiCwK_+l ¯p x[t_+U^`_+l
qE¯p .n aE¯p K^`twKsn { ¯p _xUlU_bn4ah]¿n
y(¯p FUnoeUeº8 ¯p- AKKpU\ {
Kp ²
_beC^`s0wKjoln·¯piC_+[][tcd^`e _´ m¯p x[t_bC^`_blÅqE¯p^Ta+a+Unz^`g·¯p _xUlU_+n¯ah]¿=n}(¯p#[]eUlU[]}H y4p
mk^T\C^`t]nowKj4n-·¯priCwK_+)
l y4p- A`M LpU.\ Á`KprK`
_beUwKj³~l¢ËE ¯p- AM LKpCmk^Ta^`gvah_bwK\UU[}ÏÄU[]wK_b°`p È=\U_+n4e ¬ [t_ÇË[]_+jz^ ¬ Ï([]jowKg]p0TeUllUn4a+nowKe
.§^`¿n ¯p0UgbUw`ah]¿f°$}¯pUÏÄg+U_b$Ïx¯p0i0^TsUnz^`e¢ m¯priCU¿I^`²^²§^ E4pr-wA§©[teUgvah[tn4eµ·¯p¹$^`¿nogbUnocd^
_´¯pM^TahgbUcdwTah
w y4p $^Ta+g+UgbUn4ah
^ _´4p¹n4C^`_+^dÏx¯p-qFC^`gbUn(Ïx¯p¹n4¿`[t2
_ {}4p È[t_bjo[]cdn¯ahg+w`g
8 ¯pCÏÄg+gh^`¿I^ E4p ©^`cÁ^T²^`¿nMÏx¯p
AK`
Up¹FÈ d
fpUf
k^`]wKe5}¯p¹.lC^`c {¯p0k^`_+^`eU[yª¯pMmwK_bah[]g ´4p0ZFUs0[]aZE4p0ZFUs0wKn4g (¯pMc±g+[]jojo[]c Ä4p¹iC[t_b_+Un¯a
84p x[tw`_ ¬ []jonoe ´¯p0wKeUeU[O0
a {¯pr([]twKefa^Tj(įprw`Ug+gb[]aª¯p0È^²°%i¯p- AKf=pFÐxFÈÉ K ²pC`
k^`]wKe·y¯p8c±g+[]joj4[tcįp#mw`\Unoe ´¯p(wKeUe[]a {¯p(`KKp-n4e !cÁ^ ¬ noe ¬ a+U[ .eUn¯uK[t_bg+[±noeÉÏÄU_b[t[
ZFn4cd[]eUg+n4wKeUg]p[tlgtU¶RUuT^`e_+[] ¬ [tj³p rjo^`eUl= ^²§ÄahUw`_+eMpUFÈ mwKe È[]_t
Af=pM ;`
k^`]wKeÉ}4p
mw`\Unoe E4p8ºwKeUeU[O.
a {¯p
n4joj4[t_. ¶R¯pM.jojon4e ¬ a+wKevÈ=cdn¯ah }¯p-U_b[²^`«·¯p
mk^`_bwKjoj4w
m ·¯p8Zx^Au=n4[tg}} ¯p
c±g+[]joj4[tc '¯p _xUefahg+eU[t
_ ¯p
([]jo[]a+no[]_}yi¯pMË[t_+j4wKc±[EÄH _´¯p
lU[
[][tf§W8Ïx¯p¹`K `pr$'xÈ%f`pr`
k^`²^`j4j- ª¯pr-UsUnoeº¯prZFwK_+cd^`eËE¯p- AKKp.\ ±
K
fpC L k^`²^`j4j- ª¯p0qFgbah_bno¿T[t_ 84pr8[t_bjocEabah[]_È04prÈah[tn4eUC^`_bla.(¯p- AKKpCÈ]no[tet[ª L`
UpM t;
L k^`_beU[tgZE {¯pM A`M LpC0xÈ ;pU`;
L
k^` ¬ 5m ·¯p0mwKjo[yÈ04priC_+[]eU¿%m ȹ¯p8 ²KKpU$'xÈ LKpM ²K k^` ¬ 5m ·¯p0mwKjo[yÈ04priC_+[]eU¿%m ȹ¯p¹
^`][]°ºm ´4p- A`M LpU.\ ±
f Lpr``
[]eUlU[t_.}4pM ²M LMLpUÐx `fpC8
[]eUlU[t_y}4p AKfp noe«È=a+_+UOahU_b[`p
Z°=eC^`c±no]gx^`eUl·mU[]cdn4²^`ju`wKjoahnow`eµw`©j4jon4\ahn4²^`j }^`jz^In4[tgtp
[]lUgt rZx^`eU]n ¬ []_Ä[]a.^`j³4p©ÈqRUeUn4Mpr\M
[]eUlU[t_.}4prÈ^ ¬ jono^E} 84p x[t_bC^`_+l$qE įp- AK`
pC$.FÈ$`KpC Lf
K
[]_bahn4e {¯prÈ^ ¬ jonz^´}(¯prÈ=ahno^²uK[tj4jon
«4p- A`fp.\ dL`
UpU
T
[]_bahw`jz^´i¯p0mk^`\C^`]tn4wKjonM·4p- ²fKpU.\ ÁTKpU
f`
[]_bahw`jz^´i¯prUgbwKe$ ·¯p [tnoj4noe ¬ [t_©¶R ¶R¯p8 ²Kfp\ {
f KpC8`
[]_bahw`jz^´i¯prnot][tj4jz^Eª¯pr([]_+gbno·¯p0È^`jottn
84p- ²KKp\ {
U ApC-
[]_bahgbUnoe ¬ [t_.Ä4p- A Lfp.\ Á LpCK
C^T_h^`l§^ ȹ4p0È^`UeUnM˪4p0È^Iahf°f^`\_h^`¿I^`gb5 ȹ¯p0ÈC^`eUlU^`_+n4e$È0 i¯p [tgbg.m4p¹`K`p.\ ÁK Lpr n4eUeU[]° ¯p- Af Lpr$'xȵ LKpr` n4eUeU[]° ¯prZx^²un4g'y4p !j4jon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+ {ZE¯pM AKKpU\ ±K KpC L
jo^`¿`[]g+jo[][ 84pr-U][]° y¯prk^`_b_+nogk ¯p .lUg+wKe5· 4pCÏ8wKeU_v° 4p0TK Kpr'xÈ%fKpM ²K`
j4Ucd[]efahC^`j {y¯pCir^`s0[t_ȹ ·¯p0_bnocd^`¿ }4pC'[t[]gF« ¯p- AM L`
pC^Ta+U_+[y ` Kpr ;
wKel y¯prmwKj4[ȹ4pr#gva^Ta+UnowK ´4Op _y^Tnog+[]_'¯p- AK `p\ df`pU
K
f
wK_ ¬ [tg' m¯p !lUnz^T_ba'Ïx(¯pClU[ªiC_b[tn4ah^`gÄ(^`U[t]w ª¯pCÏÄ [] u`[teUn4eµi¯pM AKKpU ¢ K AprT
fM L
wKgb[tj4jon#4p(-[tÃU[t= ¯p(È^`uT^ ¬ [Á«4p(wKUjo^`lU[dqE4p8w`Ujz^`e ¬ [t_}i¯p m[tgh^T_+g+¿n©ZE4p8ZFU\_h^`dm¯p
^`lUlU[]e5ȹ¯pUËFn ¬ _+w`%¯p- AKM LpFÐx KfpC`
wKgbcÁ^´4p- AK LpUCZ ÏÄU[tgbnog]p eUn4u`[t_bg+n4a!°w` x_+w`eUnoe ¬ [te
wA§©[t0
_ { ª¯pC-Ut[O° }¯prj4jon4gk} ȹ¯p- AKK`^pr$.FÈ`T
Upr L`
wA§©[t0
_ { ª¯pC-Ut[O° }¯prj4jon4gk} ȹ¯p- AKKTsMpr$.FÈ`T
UpCK wA§©[t0
_ { ª¯p .[]¿cÁ^`eÏx «4pU¶ n4jog+w`eº È04pr'noUgvahwKe[ZE qE4p AKfp\ {;
LKpK
wA§©[t0
_ { ª¯pM AK`pUnoe }^`jz^;°ÁZ°=eC^`c±no]gtpU[]lMrZEr[]_+_+n¯a+a[]a^TjƯpUxÈ mwKe0È[]_t- Lf=pr`
_b[tg+g+^`e$4p0mnowKgbn
m4pCÏ(^`efa^Tjow±y¯p- AK`pÐ} ` KpU
K
UwTah[yZE4pCmk^`eUnot^`_+[]g.m }4p- ²KM Lpr'xȺ`M Lp L K ©°=Ue ´ = ¯p x_+n4joj4cÁ^`n4_.m4p(ir^`s¹[]_yȹ¯p( bC^`_yÄ4p(ZF_+[]g+g+j4[t_}ª¯p _xwK_+c±[teUl° 4p(
^`U[]_yÏx}4p
'nogbahw`eU[yZE4pUÏ8_+[]cÁ^TnoeU[yȹ¯p- AK`p º K K `pM LMLK
mk^`eUn4²^`_b[tg.my¯prir^`sUsUno^`eU
w ´4pUÏ8_+n4eUUn4[t_+n ´¯pM AM Lf=pU\ ± ;pC`K
mk^`wKe¯p0mk^`\C^Tttn4wKjonM·¯pClM~ qFeUwT_+now±«4p
AK`pC$.FÈTfpM A A
f
mk^`\C^Tttn4wKjon-·4p- ²MLMLpCn4e-[wKelU[l[tg0y^`jo^Ino[]gtpU[]lUgt ´rmwK_b§'n4e$ÐÑr©w`a+a+noeU[]jojon³pUÈ=\U_+n4e ¬ [t_
Ë[]_+jo^ ¬
mk^`\U\U^`tn4wKjon·¯pkmk^`w`e«4plM~ qFeUw`_+n4w«·¯p ²KfpnoeÊÈah_+]ah_+[`p©Z°=eC^`c±no]g´^`eUlÊmU[]cdn4²^`j
#u`wKjoa+nowKe¢wT#joj4no\a+not^`j }^`jo^Ino[tg]p[]lUgt rZx^`eUtn ¬ [t_[]a.^`jƯpCÈUqRºUeUno
mk^`\C^Tttn4wKjonM·¯p¹-wKe ¬ w {¯pM AKT
UpUFÐxR'[]u00p0``
mk^`_bwKjoj4w{m «4p0Zx^`eU]n ¬ []_ ¯p- AKT
UpC$.FÈ$KTpCKT
mk^`_bwKjoj4w{m «4p0iC_h^`e=·¯p!jojon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+ ´ ZE¯pCiCwK_+s0[tgZE ª¯pCZFUeUt^`eºªM A`f`^pU.\ ±
ML Kpr ²
mk^`_bwKjoj4w{m «4p0Zx^`eU]n ¬ []_ ¯pr'noºy¯prmU[]e ª
a 4p- A`fTsMpU.\ ±
K KprT
f
mC^`_bjow`a.È04pU¶·wK_ba+U[]° {¯pC_b[tg+g+^`e584p- ²KKpU.\ ±
fKpCf`
mUn4wKg+n8m¯p0mk^`_+_+^`_+w´4pC`KfpC$'xÈ%KfpUKf
mwKU[]e ´4prÄ°=tUwAu%ª¯p- AKKp.\ ±;
L`pr`K
mwKj4[yȹ4pr
^`][]°m {¯pM A`Kpr$.FÈ L Kpr ²
mwKj4[yȹ4pC._h^ ¬ wK evÈ^`jz^`cd^`eUt^ªª¯priC_+[]eU¿%m¯pr^²uT^`_+_bw i¯p- AK`
pC$.FÈ$K `prL mwK\Un4e E4pk^`]wKeÅ}4p(U_b[²^`Å·¯p#Zx^²u=no[tg} ¯pc±g+[tj4jo[]cÄ4pT_}ea+g+Ue[t_y4p#noj4jo[t_}.4p
8[tj4[]ahn4[t_{} i©4pË[t_bjowKc±[¢Ä _{¯plU[ [t[tf§( Ïx4p`K `pn4e¸ÈwT iC_].gbah_].gba+_+wK\Uf°=gt¯p
È=tno[]efahn4¾U8
.n ¬ Ujon ¬ fahg'`` KpU[]lUg riCmwKcEs0[tgtp0ZEC^`_+_b[]a²pUiCÏÄ []u`[teUn4eMpr\M LK
Zx^`lUln#Ä4p8mn4cÁ^Ia+ahn8ª¯p
_bwf^`lUU_bgba}Ïx¯p
[]eUtn4eUn4p M^`c±wK_+^`eUn {¯p8n ¬ eUwKj4n«4p8È^T_h^`]twº(¯p
iCwKefah^`eC^Á4p (wK]t[]a+n4pM(wKj4ni¯p-m_bnogvahnz^TeUn(ȹ4pMZE~ qFlUwK_bno]w¢È¹¯>p xnz^`j4jowKe ¬ w{'¯>p xnoj4cdwK]tn
}¯pr[tetn8¯p0`Kf=pUFÐxRM L`
pC Zx^²u=no[tg'}¯prn4_+¿noeUgbC^²§R·¯p- AMLLp.\ f ÈMLpU
fK
Zx^²u=no[tg} ¯p_xUefahg+eU[t[]_`¯prcdgb[tjoj4[tc įp0k^`tw`e$}4pr©U_+[t^`µ·¯p0mk^`_bwKjoj4w±m ·¯p mwK\Unoe ´¯p
ºnojoj4[t_ ¶R¯pCwKeeU[]a {¯p8[tj4[]ahn4[t_©yi¯p=Ë[]_+wKj4cd[Ä _{¯pl[ [t[]f§ ( Ïx4pU`K Kp=\ ´T
;Lp
`
Z ^²u=nog'ZE ȹ4pU¶ n4ah[}}'¯p- AK`pU\ ±
`pC
f
x
lU[yj4wK¿d¶R ´¯prwKg+cd^´ª¯p0`Kf=pFÐx MLf=pL A
lU[mk^`_vu`^TjoUw±} }4pUZ bwK_ ¬ wAu=g+¿f°´¯p- AKfp\ ±MLKpU
K
lU[yiC_+[]n4a^Tg'^`U[]tw 4prk^T_+sU°¢4p- ²KfpUÐxRKfpr= L
U lU[yiC_+[]n4a^Tg'^`U[]tw 4p- A`KK^pC.%ÂmwKe#
Upr= lU[yiC_+[]n4a^Tg'^`U[]tw 4p- A`K`sMpr'xȺKLpLT
U lU[yiC_+[]n4a^Tg'^`U[]tw 4p- A`fpUÐ}R ApCKT
lU[yiC_+[]n4a^Tg'^`U[]tw ª¯p- AKLpUnoe%.sUUeUlC^TeUt[_+w`¾Cj4[tg@J©ZFno^ ¬ eUw`gbahn4FÏ8wwKj4gkwK_(}^`jz^I=°.nogvahwK_v°Kp
0xÈ mwKe0È[]_t- ²
=pr`f
lU[}jz^´'wKg+^ {¯pUlU[mk^`_vuT^`joUw±} }¯p [t\ȹ'¯p0`K KpU\ º
;K=pCK
lU[xË^`U]wKUj4[tU_bg0´¯pM A`
;LpUeUe ClM~.gba+_+wK\Uf°=gt8 K KpCT
lU[xË^`U]wKUj4[tU_bg0´¯prmk^`\C^`]tn4wKjon
«4p- AK`p.\ f Ⱥ
KpCKK
lU[
[t[O§W8Ïx¯p0ir_+^`e%·4p- ²K KpUÐxÑTpr`K
lU[ t[ [tf§ 8Ïx¯pM_+[²^TÉ·¯p c±g+[tj4jo[]c¼'¯pM^`twKe$y¯p mk^`_+wKj4jowdm ·4pMmwK\Un4e ´¯p¹Zx^Au=n4[tg.y4p
_ Uefa+g+UeU[]_\¯pCn4joj4[t_© ¶R¯pCºwKeUeU[Oa({¯pU8[tj4[]ahn4[t_yi¯p=Ë[]_+jow`cd[.ÄH_´¯pC`KKpU'xÈ
x
K`pr ²
Z bwK_ ¬ wAugb¿n8ȹ ´¯pCZx^²un4g.·4p- ²MLfp\ ± AprT
ZF_+[]g+gbjo[t_ª¯pMM°=eUlU[te=[]joj#ZE¯pM©U_+gvah[tn4eµZE¯pMZx^²u=no[tgFy4p i0^Ts¹[]_xȹ ·¯pMÏ([]_+j4[]u=noÉ}4p0¶[ ¬ eU[]_
´¯pM AM Lf=pU\ ± Ap
ZF_+[]g+gbjo[t_4p=qF[]cdj4[t_ `_]4p=mw`U±¶R ¯p=ÈcÁ^Tnoj 4pjoj4nogy ȹ¯pk^`_ ¬ [t_#4pahU[]_ y4p8w ¬K¬ no^`efahn
. ·¯p0ÈC^T_+\Uj4[tgy ·¯p- AKf=p\ ±
fKprKK
ZFUsUn4eUg+¿n ¯p0mk^`_+j4s¹[]_ ¬ }4p- ²K KpU.\ {f LpU
KK
sUnogbU²^T¿=n
Ïx¯p0$^`¿noew ¯p0qF¿I^`cEU_+^{ȹH _´¯p- AK `pC^Ta+U_+[yfI
Upr ;
K¬ ¬ []e5qE 4prM°=eUlU[]e[]joj
ZE¯prÈ^`elC^ ¬ [}ª}4p- A`fp.\ º ²KprT
ML
cdgb[tj4jo[tc Ä4p- A`MLpUn4ey^`jo^I=°¢Z°=eC^`c±no]gtpU[]lUgt0ZErº[t_+_bn4aba'[]a.^`jƯpFÈ mwKe È[]_t
fL =pU
ir^`sUsUno^`eUw´4p AMLKpF'FÐxÂKpLf
ir^`sUsUno^`eUw´4pO_}n4cZE ¶R4pCÏ8_+n4eUUn4[t_+n {¯pM AKKpU\ f È)LKpr` ir^`s0[t_ȹ¯p K^`¿g+wKe$yÄ4p- ²f`pU.\ ÁT`
UpU`ML
ir^`s0[t_yȹ¯p
Ï(_b[tcd^`noeU[´È¹4p
bC^`_}Ä4p8©°=Ue ´ =¯p
ZF_+[]g+g+j4[t_}ª¯p x[tsUC^T_+la_´4p x_+n4joj4cÁ^`n4_m4p
_xwK_bcd[]eUl° 4pr
^`U[]_'Ïx }4pr'nogbahw`eU[yZE4pM ²KfpU º K t
Up ;`
ir^`sU_bno²^TeaZE¯pCiC_h^Teº·¯pUuT^`eZFwK¿¿=c (¯p0`KKpU\ d
`KpCKK
iC[t_b_h^`_b[tg+[y¯p0[t_b_+n4abaZE4pC`KKp\ d
`KpC
iC[t_b_h^`_bn#i¯p-^Tgbahw`_+not^%· {¯p
$^`]U[]a+w$i© ZE¯p-wKeU^Ta+a+w%m4p
(^`eC^ ¬ nz^y4p8È\U^`_+¿gF¶R4p8TKfp
ÐxRM LKpCKK
in4Å·¯p(U\0[teÅ·(¯Tp _xeC^`\\ ´ }¯p#$^Tj4°=g+U¿n4e¯Tp .^`_+\0[t_yZE ª¯p
¶ °=eUe=Ƕ noj4jono^`cdgFm ´¯p
²KM Lpnoe%ÏÄU[ .eUn¯uK[]_+g+[y^`g.È[][teºsf° vÈUqEpC[tlUg]r( mw²Ð ·i _x[tgbg+j4[t_tprÈ UsUj³4p\MHLKK
ij4wK_+[]gĪy¯pr_+nocd^`¿ }4p AK`
Up\ pC
`pC iCwK_+s0[tg'ZE ª¯priC_h^`e=º·¯p!joj4noe ¬ §©wK_vah´ ZE¯pM AKKpU ¢ AKpM AMLML
iCwK_+cd^`e¶R¯p `wKeU[]gm¯prÏ(¿`[t_'¶R¯p- AMLfp\ d`KpM ²f
iC_h^`e=º·¯p!jojon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+ ´4pM ²MLMLpU.\ dKKpC8K
iC_h^`e=º·¯p !jojon4e ¬ §©wK_ba+ ´4pUl[ [][tf§R8Ïx¯p
AK Kp\ ±MLKp K ;
iC_h^`e=µ«4p uT^`e5ZFwK¿¿=c®8 ´4p-`K Kp0noe y^`jo^I=°ºZFnogb¿=gF^`eUlµZFn4g+¿ y^Tjz^Ino[]gtp¹lUgt ´MiCUeU[]gtp
Ä ·0mwK_bg+noenÆpUFÈ mwKe0È=[t_t0TKprL iCU¿Ug+n ¬ [}Ïx¯p0$^`¿noeUw ¯p- AKf=pU\ {
KpU8
x[tsUC^T_+lab_´¯pCn4Ugba+wKeU[}ZE¯pUCbU^`_ÄÄ4pr
^`[t_ÄÏxy¯pC©°=Ue ´ =¯p_xwK_+c±[tel° ¯pCZF_+[]g+gbjo[t_Ä4p
ir^`s0[t_È04p x_+n4jojocd^`n4_m4pCÏ8_+[]cÁ^`n4eU[yȹ¯p- AKKpU ¢ K ;p Af
x[tsUC^T_+la _´¯p
[teUl[t_y¯p
wA§[]_;{¯p
ZF_+[]g+g+j4[t_x4p8ir^`s0[t_}ȹ ·¯p8inoj4no\0[teU¿Twª ËE¯p }_b[t[te·}4p
x_+n4joj4cÁ^`n4_m¯p.w± m¯p_xwK_bcd[]eUl° ¯pC
^`U[]_kÏxy¯p0$^ ¬ w`_+_+no^`e ¯pCnoeU¿T[]° ¯pC'noUgvahwKe[
ZE¯pUÏ8_+[]cÁ^`n4eU[yȹ¯p0`KK`^p.\ Á``pC A
x[tsUC^T_+la _´4pr'nogbahw`eU[yZE4p_xwK_bcd[]eUl° ¯pr
^`U[t_'Ïxy¯prCbC^T_'' ª¯p0[telU[t_.y¯prZF_+[]g+gbjo[t_'4p
ir^`s0[t_È0 ·¯p x_+noj4jocd^`no_m¯p¹$^ ¬ w`_+_+no^`e ¯pCÏ(_b[tcd^`noeU[xȹ4p0TKK`sMp º ` ApM K AK
x[t_+U^`_+lqE4p `[]g+¿T[@´4prÈ^ ¬ jono^E} 84pr[]eUlU[]_}4p AKMLpC$'xȺ`fp Af
x[t_+U^`_+lqE4p_x_bwKeC^²§'n4abah[t_Ä4p0È^ ¬ jono^E} 84pr[]eUlU[]_}4pC`K Kp º A KpM A`K
xnog+\0[t_vay¯pC
^ ¬ T^ U[;{¯pr ¬ []a ¯pr`KKpUFÐxRKKpM xeU[tlUn4eq´ ´¯p C`^ w y4p0``fpC'xÈ%KKprTK
xw`a+a y¯pM AKKpU.\ Á
` Kpr`K
f
xwKUl_bwwKn k(¯p^`eUgb[te$¯p 0_ ¬ [teg+[teAÄ4p0 r_ ¬ ^`^`_+l!.n4[tjogb[te¢Ïx¯prlU[ `wKe ¬ Ïx4pCuT^`eºlU[te .w=[t¿
¯pM AK`
K^pUFÐxFÈÉ AT
UpM ;`
xwKUl_bwwKn (¯p ^`eg+[te$4p r_ ¬ []eUg+[]e y įpr 0_ ¬ K^ ^`_blno[]jog+[]e¢Ïx4p- ²K`
KsMpFÐxxȵ AfpU`
U xwKUl_bwwKn (¯pClU[ `wKe ¬ Ïx4p- ²KfpFÐxÂ`M Lpr L`
xwKUl_bwwKn .(¯p
``Kp n4eÉÈcd^`joj }^`jz^I=A
° x_+wKU\gtpM[]lUgt ËEM$^`U_bnÆp
m ij4°=eU9
e !\ mw`jojow=ÃnoUc
AT
UpUFÈ mwKe0È=[t_t0TKprT
xUnolU[]_+lUw`eUn-¯p0`Kf=pU\CÐyÈUȺ L `pM A
xUeUe įp- AfKp\ d
L prTf
^Tjojon4lC^²°%m¯pMZx^²u=no[]g} ¯p _xUefa+g+UeU[]_`¯pM©no_+¿n4eUg+C^²§ «4p¹[telU[t_x}¯pMÈ^ ¬ oj no^±}(¯p k^ ¬K¬ jo[O°
´¯pr`K `pr$'xÈ%f`pU
`
^T_+c±gF} ¯pMiCwK_bl m¯pMÏÄgbu`[]a^TeUwAu ¯
p .^`_ba+n ¬ {i¯pMZF_b[tg+gb[tj4p _x_+nogbg ´4p wKUj4noey¯p
Zx^²u=nolg+[teºªi¯pr$^`_ ¬ wKeº¯p _xwUU^`_'ª _{¯p- AKT
Up.\ ±
fKpC
f
.[]_+eUÃUn4gba.4p- ²KKpU.\ dK`pCfT
.w=[t¿gvah_h^ ¯pUuT^`e%j4sC^`lC^´Ïx ȹ4p¹È^TeUtn4g+n-}4p0TK Kpr'xÈ%f`pU
f`
.wTÌ cd^`e´¯prÈC^TC^`c ¯p- AMLf=pU\ d`fp A
.wA°=jo[Ei4p A`
fÁn4eµÏÄU[´wK_bn ¬ n4e$w`a+U[´_+w`ah^Tahn4wKe5w` ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgtp¹[tlUg]-U_ ¬ [t_bg «4pMuT^`eµlU[ Ujogva
y m
#%Q./RFN+*N0' /RS".<EI0<. /#%5("RI0'Orm[tefa+_h^`j8^`n4_klUw=tUc±[tefahg'w ±][`p0Zx^²°=a+wKeM
.«Ä ·4p(mwA§'no[{4p8²$^`Uw`e} ´¯p
mk^`\C^`¿5(¯p ǧk^`cªU_+wºi¯p _xeU[tn4s !(¯p8$^`noU^`_h^Ïx¯p
ºw`ahwKU^`_h^ _´4pC`Kfp\ d`M Lpr`
!lUno^`_ba'Ïx(¯pClU[yiC_+[tn¯a^`g'(^`U[]tw ª¯p0mwKgva^±yZE ZE¯pM A`KpU %
K AprKT
!lUno^`_ba'Ïx(¯p0noU^`_+ly¯pUlU[yiC_+[]n4ah^`g'^`[ttwp ª¯p¹`KfT^pÐ} ML`pCK
!lUno^`_ba'Ïx(¯p0noU^`_+ly¯pUlU[yiC_+[]n4ah^`g'^`[ttw 4p0TKfTsMpnoe%\U_+[]g+g
!joj4noe ¬ § wK_vah´4p AfKp\ K LpC-
f
!joj4noe ¬ § wK_vah ´4piC_h^`eÊ·4p AMLMLpnoeÊZ°=eC^`c±no]g{w`xZF[]eUg+[$È=ah[]jojo^`_{È=°=gba+[tc±gtpmk^`cªsU_+n4l ¬ [
eUn4u`[t_bg+n4a!°¢_b[tgbgtpr\M¯ A
!c ·¯p#ir^`s0[t_ªÈ¹ «4p x[tsC^`_+laN_´¯p _xww$ZE m¯p#Un4joj4no\Ugx m¯pÈUno^²uKwKe}(¯pÈn4cÁ^`_bl¯p
¶ n4joj4cd[]_km ª¯p¹`K Kp\ % ;KpUK`
K
K^T̹[x¶R4priCwK_bl y m¯p0qE~ mw`eUeU[tj4jÆpuT^`e%lU[]e5w`g+i m¯priC[t_b_h^`_b[tg+[y¯p- AK`
Up ¢ AMLpM A`f
K^T̹[x¶R4priCwK_bl y m¯prÏÄgbu`[]a^TeUwAu ¯pCiC[t_b_h^`_b[tgb[ª¯prZF_+[tgbg+[]j
¯p- AKL{n4e
y^`jo^I=°¢Z°=eC^`c±no]gtpU[]lUgt
Z C[t_b_+n4aba'[]a.^`j³4pxÈUq mw`e0È[t_]- Lfp A
E
0_ ¬ [tgb[te)4priC_+^`e·¯p_ +^`[t_ ¬ ^K^`_blº(¯p- AKKpU$'xȺLKpM Af
0_ ¬ [teg+[te 4priC_+^`eº«4
p bwK_ba+ ¯pUuT^`eZFwK¿¿=c ( {¯p- AK`pC$.FȺ`MLpLK`
_}^Tah}y4p xUeUe '¯p- AK KpU\ dfK=pCKf
_}^Tah}y4
p [t_beUÃUnogvaF¯p¶[]noes0[t_ ¬ ZE¯pM AKf=pU\ ±KKpU ²K
_}^²§k^Tah^dZE¯pr`` KpU.\ ÁTM
LpC``
_x[tj4g+wKeÉZE¯p¹uT^`eÉZFwK¿¿Uc®( {¯p-iC_h^`e=É·¯
p !j4jonoe ¬ §w`_bah {ZE4p ir^`sU_+n4¿I^`efaxZE¯p AKKp .\ %
fLp
A
_xnogbg+jo[]_v!^Ta+n ¬ ·¯p©_+w=lUno[ (¯p#È=U_+w=lU[t_ ¯piCwK_bs¹[]gyZE4p x_+noj4jocd^`no_.m 4T
p .U_h^ (¯p
²KM Lp º ` ;pM AK
_xnogbg+jo[]_v!^Ta+n ¬ ·¯pCgbUcÁ^Te _´ ·¯p0È[t\ȹ'¯p0iC_+[t[]cÁ^Te _´ m4p- ²KKp º ` LpM AK
_xeC^`\UA
\ ´ }4p }a+C^Ta+C^`¿U_bah^{(¯p _}n4cZE ¶R4p `U_h^d·¯p- AM LKp\ fȺ`pCK`
_xwKsC^²°f^Tg+Un(m¯pC_+n4cdwTahw´y4p- A`KpU.\ ÁK`prK`
_xwlU^`cÁ^EÏx¯pC_bnoc±w`ahwE¯p- AKfpFÐx f`pU
_xwK_+c±[tel° ¯pM AfK=pU\ d LpUKK
_xwK_+c±[tel° ¯pCn4Ugba+wKeU[yZE¯p- AKfpF'FÐx Kpr L _x_+wKeU^A§'n¯a+a+[t_Ī¯p0È^ ¬ jonz^ªy(¯p }[]_+C^T_+lqE4pr[]eUlU[]_}4pC`KKpFÐxxȵ ²
K
UpC`
^`_+gbwKey¯pM AfK=pr$'xȵ ;`pCf
^`U[]_yÏx}4p8C bC^T_Ä ª¯p°e E 4p(ZF_+[]g+g+j4[t_}ª¯p8ir^`s¹[]_ȹ4p x_+n4jojocd^`n4_m¯p _}w`_+c±[teUl° 4p
'nogbahw`eU[yZE4pUÏ8_+[]cÁ^TnoeU[yȹ¯p- AKKp º K Apr`fK
-[²^`}4p- A L KpU.\ ÁTM
LpU;
Lf
-w[O§[]eUgba+[tn4e5·¯pM A`Kpn4eºÈ=a^T_ÄiCwK_+cd^Tahn4wKeÁn4e%^`_+j¯°ÇÏ°=\0.
[ y^Tjz^Ino[]gtp=[tlUg] Cm[]\C^dÐ (Cmk^`_+_+^`jÆp
FÈ mwKe0È[t_]- AKpM A`
-Ut[O° }¯p }U]c ^T e%y¯p0mk^`_ba+[t_ZE¯pUÏ([]_+j4[]u=noy ¯p- AK KpU$'xÈK`pC L`
$^`llU[te5ȹ m¯prËFn ¬ _+wK¢4p
AK`pCnoeÈ=ah^`_irw`_+cd^Tahn4wKe¢noeº^`_+j¯°f!Ï°\0[y^`jo^Ino[]gtpU[]lUgt 0m[t\C^dÐ
80mk^`_+_+^`jÆpxÈ mwKe0È[]_t- AKpM Af
$^ ¬ wK_+_bnz^`e 4pMÏ8_+[]cÁ^TnoeU[Eȹ4pMn4Ugba+wKeU[´ZE¯pM[]eUlU[]_}y¯pMwA§©[t.
_ ´4p ZF_+[]g+g+j4[t_F4pMi0^Ts¹[]_xȹ ·¯p
x[tsC^`_+lba _{¯p x_+[t[]e$}¯p }_bnoj4jocd^`no_©m¯p _}w`_+c±[teUl° 4pr
^`[t_'Ïx4p- ²KM LpU º K AprK LK
$^`¿n4eUw 4p- A`fpU.\ ±
Lpr L
$^`_bU[tgbnoeUnZE4p¹ZE~ qxe ¬ Unz^dÄ4pMmUnoeUt^`_+n4eUn {¯pMi(no_+cd^`eUn8m¯p-mw`eUtwKen#(¯p-ºwKjon4eC^`_+n
įp M^`]U[tn
4pC`Kfp\ dKKp L` $^Ta+g+Uc±w`a+w ¯p _}wA°K^`cÁ^ _´¯pM.§^`¿Cn ¯p-ÏÄg+_+«Ïx4p
-w=[]§©[teUgvah[tn4e··4p8^TahgbUg+Un¯a^ _´4p ²Kfp
.\ ±M
LfpM A`
[]Ujo[]_ba.ZE4pCÈ^ ¬ j4nz^E} 84pr©[teUlU[]_}¯p¶Å^ ¬ eU[t_ ´4pC`KKpFÐxxȵ ²
U Kp
K
f
[]jojon4[t_ E4priCwK_va'¯p _xeU[tn4s 84p- ²KKpU.\ ±
KfpCK
[]eUlU[ty ¯p'n4̹[tgb[t_yª¯p _xUlU_bn4a+t¿ny(¯p$^Ia+ahnz^`g·¯piC_+[][tcd^`e _´ m4p(_beC^`s0wKjolUn«4p
mk^T\C^`t]nowKj4n-·¯p x[t_+U^`_+l$qE4prTK KpU.\ ÁTKpM AK
[]_+_+n¯a+aZE¯pM AK LpUnoe }^`jz^;°Z°=eC^`c±notg]p[]lMrZE0[t_b_+n¯a+a'[]a^TjƯpUxÈ mwKe0È[]_t- Lf=pM A`
[]_+_+n¯a+aZE¯p FUnoejz^`
e ´ ZE¯pM A`M LpU.\ ±
f LpCfK
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²f`pUÐxÑI
Upr`K
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²M L`
UpUÐx¦ t
fpC
K
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²M LfpUÐxxȺ`pr`K
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²KM LK^pFÐxRK`
Up
`
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²KM L`sMpFÐx KfpU
K
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²KM L`TpUFÐx Kfp
`
n4C^`_+l}4pM ²KKpUÐxxȵ AfprI
n4C^`_+l}4prTKKpUÐxÂ`Kp Lf
n4eUeUn4a+n-ZE¯p _xnog+gbjo[]_v(^Tahn ¬ ·¯p }w`Ul_+w=wKn Ä84pC[]°=jz^Te ´4p- ²KM Lp º ` ;pM ;= w=wK_+[}.4p xwAuK[t_beC^Ta+wÁi¯p xnoeUe%Ïx¯p0È=a^`l[tj ¯pr8^T¿`;
[ {¯p- AK Lp.\ ±
f`pC8
UgbUw`a+t¿f°y¯pC-w[O§[]eUgba+[tn4eµ·¯p- AKf=pU\ {;
L KpUK
f
UgbUw`a+t¿f°µ}4p¹e ¬ [tjon4eUn(¯pM-w=[]§©[teUgvah[]noe«·¯p-`` Kp0noeµ[]§Ñm[tefah_b°5wT .
a ^²°ºgba+_+wKewKcª°Kp
[]lUgt y !eUwKU[yÐ y_xUeUn4[tlC^pCFÈ mwKe0È[t_]0K KpCT
^²uT^`_b_+w i©4priC_+[]eU¿%m ȹ¯pU¶ Un4a+[ªÈ0 ZE ·¯p- AKfpU$'xȺKK=pr`
^²uT^`_b_+w i©4priC_+[]eU¿%m ȹ¯pU¶ U n4a+[ªÈ0 ZE ·¯p- AKKp\ ±fprTK
^²uT^`_b_+w i©4priC_+[]eU¿%m ȹ¯pU¶ U n4a+[ªÈ0 ZE ·¯p- AKfp\ {
fK p
fK
^²uT^`_b_+w i©4p0È=a+[tn4eUcd[Oahy·¯p- AKKpU\ ±
LpM A
^²uT^`_b_+w i©4p0È=a+[tn4eUcd[Oahy·¯p0`K`pU\ Á` MLpU
K
.n4[]a+w I !pC[telU[t_.y¯prÈ_+cd^±84p- ²K KpUÐx T
K
UpC
f
qF_ba+[ ¬ ^EËE ´4pClU[yiC_+[]n4ah^`gÄ^TU[t]w 4p- ²MLKp dKpM AK`
qF_ba+[ ¬ ^EËE ´4pr-wK\0[tgÄËFn4[tn4_h^´4pUl[iC_b[tn4ah^`gÄ(^`U[t]w ª¯p- AKMLp\CÐyÈUȺ`KpCK ^TU_+[· ª¯p0Z bwK_ ¬ wAu=g+¿f°ºÈ0 ´4pCl[ªmk^T_buT^`jow{yy¯p- AKKp.\ ±
TpC ;
^TU_+[· ª¯p0Z bwK_ ¬ wAu=g+¿f°ºÈ0 ´4pCl[ªmk^T_buT^`jow{yy¯p- AK LK^p º K ²pM ;` ^TU_+[· ª¯prlU[mk^`_buT^`j4Uw{y}4prZ bwK_ ¬ wAu=g+¿f°ºÈ¹ {¯p- AKL`sMpU % K ²pM AK`
^TU_+[· ª¯p0Z bwK_ ¬ wAu=g+¿n8ȹ ´4pUl[ªmk^T_buT^`jowd}y¯pr`K KpU\UÐÈÈKTpCMLK
^TjoUeC^Tg.84pU¶ n4joj4nz^`c±gÏx ¯p¹`KKp % ;`pCLML`
([][tsUj4[tg.( įp
AKfp\ % ²
p A ;
([][tsUj4[tg.( įp
AfKpUmwKc±cU.\Mr^`eUlÈ\U^`t[°=g]0
p0`
([][tsUj4[tg( įp ALKp-noeÉÏÄU[±jz^T_ ¬ [!g+t^`jo[´gvah_bU]a+U_+[±w`ahU[
.eUn¯uK[]_+g+[Tp_bnoeU][]ahw`e eUn4u`[t_+gbn4a!°
_b[tg+g]p0.[]§ `[t_bg+[]°`
([][tsUj4[tgÄ8 Ä4pU`Kf=4pnoed*[]§ _h^noeÁmwKg+c±wKjow ¬ °K[tlgt[]a+²^`j¯[ÐÏxÈC^`e¿=gxÈÊmwKe
È=[t_t¯pCnoe%\U_b[tgbg'©^`gvah_bwT!\U `f` ² ;
_+[]g+g'¶RHyp0ÈU[tfa+[t_F84p- ²fT
UpU.\ º
PLfpU
`
_+ ¬ Ue no[]j
4 p0Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pM A``
UpUÐ} LfpM _+ ¬ eUno[]j
4 p0Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pM A`KpUÐ}R`KprT
K
_+ ¬ Ue no[]j
4p xwKjo[OuÁ˪4pr^`Us0wKe ´¯pM AKKpUFÐx `
fpCK
FUnoejz^`e´ ZE¯p[t_+eÃ=nogba.¯p0Èn ¬ _+lUgbg+wKe$ȹ¯p- AKfp\
{
K
fpCKT
'[teU]noeUn-4prmn4w`a+a+n-4p- ²KKpU.\ ±
ApU
f
'[tgba©ª¯pu`^TeÁlU[]ewKgb¢i m4p K^T̹[ĶR4p=Ï(_+^`ey4p=ÏÄgbu`[]ah^`eU[]u ¯piCwK_blSy m¯pUZx^²u=no[]g 4pÈC^T[]_
¯pr`` KpU º ; `prT
f 'noUgvahwKeU[ZE¯pCC bC^`_Ä ª¯p¹©[teUlU[]_F}4pr©w;§©[t_2{¯prZF_+[]g+gbjo[t_'4p0ir^`s0[t_.ȹ ·4p0in4jon4\U\¹[]eU¿`w{ ˪4p
x[tsC^`_+lba _{¯p x_+[t[]e$}¯p .w± m¯p _xwK_+c±[teUl° ¯pr8^TU[t_'Ïxy¯p0$^ ¬ w`_+_+no^`e ¯pCÏ(_b[tcd^`noeU[
È04p- A`M LpU.^Tah_+[yKfpª ²
'n¯ y ƶR4pU¶ n4ah[yÈ0 ZE ·¯p- AKKp\ ±KfpUK
'wlUn ¬ Un4[t_+w@{¯pCiC_h^`eU[tgbUnoeUn
4prir^`g+^`eUw{¯pr`` Kpr$.FȺKT
UpU
f 'UsUnoe¢Ëª m¯prU_bgbah[]noeZE4pUirw`_+l `_tU¶R _´4pCÏÄUw`eUeC^`_bl$y4p- ALfpU.\ ÁL`pL 'U\¹[]e·· 84p AKKp noeµ.^TahU_b[´w`joj4no\a+no²^Tj y^`jo^Ino[]gtp []lUgt-·M_beC^`s0wKjoln([Oay^`jƯp FÈ*mw`e
È=[t_t- ` ApM K ²
È^ ¬ oj nz^ªy(¯p_x_+wKeC^²§'n¯a+ah[]_Ī¯p }[]_+C^T_+lqE4pr[]eUlU[]_}4pC`KKK^pU ¢ K Ap ;`
È ^ ¬ oj nz^ªy(¯p0$^`_+^`gba+wKe5m¯p x_+[ ¬`¬ now{¯pC[telU[t_.y¯p no[ ¬ jo[]_k¯p0`K``sMpUÐ} K`pC K È^`_ ¬ [tefa'¶R ¶R¯p w`Ue ¬ ( 4prM°=eUlUgm }¯p¹©wK¿g+[tes0[t_ ¬ ª¯p0ÈUw`_bah_bnol ¬ [_´¯p^`_va!§'no¿¢i© ZE ª¯p
²f Lp\ dK KprT È^`_+^`tn4em ¯p8 ²KfpUn4e%ÏÄU[ª.^Tah_+[yw`(a+U[j4jon4\ahn4²^`j y^Tjz^Ino[]gtp[tlUg] «0._+eC^Ts¹wKj4lUnM[Oa^TjƯpUxÈ
mw`erÈ[]_t
K ApUfK
ÈUj4[ ¬ ][ j
ZE ¯prin4eU¿sC^`eU¿T[t_ZE 84pUZx^Au=n4g«4p- A`MLp.\ Á
TKprK`
Èf§^`_+]g+Un4jolµ«4p- AK`pU.\ Á`Kpr`K
È]wlU[ ¬K¬ n4wÁ«4p xnowKeU^`eU[tj4jon0}4p.^A°=eU[]gF« 84p
AKLp º
K AprK`ML
È]wlU[ ¬K¬ n4wÁ«4p0Èn4j4uT^EZEy¯pr``KpUÐ} fTpCf`
È[] _+g+n4 ¯p- AKMLpnoe¢kahjo^`g'lU[;y^Tjz^Inz^Tggbah_+^`jo[]gtp0qFsUgb[t_buT^Ta+wK_+n4w{gba+_+wKewKcdn4tw´lU[mwK_blUwKsC^
ÈU[]fah[t_(¯p- Af`pU\ d`KpC`f
ÈC^TeUlC^`_bnoeȹi4p _xj¯°\noe¢ª ª¯p- AMLT
UprÈwAu0Cgvah_+w`eM0LpC
f ÈU[Oahy _´4pCÏ8wK_bcd[]eA´¯pM AKKpr$'xÈ%KMLpM K A
;L
ÈU[Oahy _´4p0ºwSy ¯pCÏ(w`_+c±[te {¯pr`` Kpr$.FȺK`pM Èn4j4uT^´ZE }¯p¶ nogb[ª« ¶R¯p- AKKpU\ {
KpU A
Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pC_+ ¬ eUno[]j
(¯p- AKf`^pFÐxFÈÉ ;`prK Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pC_+ ¬ eUno[]j
(¯p- AKfTs pUFÐxxÈ5 ;TpM ;
Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pC_+ ¬ eUno[]j
(¯p- AfKTTpUFÐxFÈÉ ;TpC ²
Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pC_+ ¬ eUno[]j
(¯p- AKM LpFÐxxȵ A `pr Lf
Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pC_+ ¬ no[tjM(¯p0`KKpFÐxxȵ ²
pC`K
Èn4cdn4[te%i¯pC_+ ¬ eUno[]j
(¯p0`KfpFÐx M L`
UpUf Èw`[ E4pr'UsUn4e¢ËE¯p0`K KpF'FÐx KpM ²f
È=ah^`ewK_bl$È04prnogb[teUU^`_+la(} ·¯prZFno¿n4eUg+wKe·¯p- AKKpU\ ±
`pr ;
È=ah^`ewK_bl$È04prnogb[teUU^`_+la(} ·¯prZFno¿n4eUg+wKe·¯p- AK LpU\ ±
ff=pU
f È=a+[tnol[tj8m m4p- A`KpC_+w=`^Ia² ²^TlM È=tnÆ È KpU
f`f
È=a+[tnoecd[Oahy·¯pr^²uT^`_+_bw ¯pr``fpC[]§W.gbah_bwKeUwKc°dnoe%\U_b[tgbg'©^`gvah_bwT!\U `f`fI
fK
È=a+nz^²uK[]jojonM·¯pCÏ(_b[t$Ïx¯p0`K`pUFÈ5 Afpr`4 A
Èa+U[t_bjz^`el$} È04pCZFw`\Un4ah^{·4p- ²KKpU.\ fÈ LMLp0K`
Ï(^`cEU_+^±y4p _xwKsU^A°K^`g+nm¯pC_bnoc±w`ahwE¯p _}w=lC^`cd^EÏx¯p0qxfah
^ _´¯pr`KKpU % K Apr= A`
ÏÄUwKcd^`g'ZE¯p0$^`_+^`gba+wKem4p0[]eUlU[t_}4p0TKfpFÐyÈUȺ L KpCK dͳ^`gvah_+wI!\U Tf`f ²KfÎ
Ï8wKeU_b° 4p0ÈeU[tn4lU[t_.ZE 84p AM LMLp d`p LKf
Ï8wKeU_b° 4pMZF_+[tgbg+j4[t_xª¯p-jo^`¿`[]g+j4[t[ (¯pMC bC^T_}' ª¯p-ij4[]a+U[t_x ¯p--U\U\noeU
w ´4p-[]a+ ¬ []_
« }4p0ºwwK_b[ym .4p0`` KpU.\ ÁT
KpCM L Ï8wwKc±_+[x4p
AKKpCnoeºÏÄU[#uKwKj4ahn4wKe%w` }^`jz^;n4[tg'^`elµÈ=a+[tjojo^`_Ä8wK\UUjo^Tahn4wKeUgtpC[]lUgt0 ·rÏÄnoeg+jo[O°Kp
}C
^`_+gb[teMp ©^`j4`
[ .en4u0r_+[tgbgtpr\M
f Ï8_h^ ¬ []_.ȹ m¯pU¶·wK_ba+U[]
° ´¯pri0^Ts¹[]_ȹ «4pr_+gba+[tn4e$ZE¯p xwKeU ^T jo[tg ¯p- AKM Lp\ fȵ K Ap Ï8_h^ ¬ []_.ȹ m¯prir^`s0[t_ȹ ·¯pU¶wK_vahU[O° {¯p xwKeU ^` jo[]g ¯p0`KK`^pU ¢ ;`pM Af
Ï8_h^ ¬ []_.ȹ m¯prir^`s0[t_ȹ ·¯pU¶wK_vahU[O° {¯p xwKeU ^` jo[]g ¯p0`KKTsMpU % K Ap A`
f
uT^`eºlU[t_.$^`_b[tj
} 84pUnoeUe[]° 4prZx^²u=no[]gy4pM ²KKpr'xȺT
pr fL
uT^`eºlU[t_.$^`_b[tj
} 84pUir_+^`e«4p- A`KpU.\ ±
fKprKK
uT^`eºlU[t_.$^`_b[tj
} 84pu`^TelU[]e$©wKg+$i m¯p- AKLpU ¢ K AprKK`
uT^`eºlU[t_.$^`_b[tj
} 84pCm_+[]abahwKe$y¯pUlU
[ [][]§W84pr'n¯ R
¶ 4p- ²KMLpU.\ ±
KKpC ²
uT^`eºlU[t_.$^`_b[tj
} 84p AKKp º
` ;prT
`
uT^`eZFwK¿¿=c ( {¯pCiC_h^Te·¯p- AKf=pU ¢ K ApC`fK
uT^`eZFwK¿¿=c ( {¯pCiC_h^Te·¯p- AKKpr$'xȺL `pCMLf
uT^`e5ZFw`¿=¿Uc 8 ´4p¹iC_h^`e=µ«4p¹ir^`sU_+n4²^`efa.ZE¯p !j4jonoe ¬ §w`_bahA´ ZE¯p_}[]jogbwKe5ZEZE4p¹``Kpr\ ¢
I
U Kp
K
uT^`eA}wK_b¿`wKc ¯p¹ÈUn4cdn4eUwAun4$ZE¯p- AK`pCnoe^Ta+U_+[}w`#jojon4\ahn4²^`j y^Tjz^Ino[]gtpU[]lUgt ·r_beC^`s0wKjoln
[Oa^`jƯpUFÈ mwKe0È=[t_t- ` ApM K ²
Ë^`]lU[t¿nog'4p0mk^`gbUg+wÁÄ4pr8[tjo[Oahn4[t_'} i¯pC[]¿cÁ^`e įp- AKKpU\ fȵA KpCKf
¶^`lUlUn4e ¬ ha w`e ¯p¶ noeUlUwK_+gvaE} ª¯pmwKU[]eÊȹHy4p#ZFUeUjow`\ ȹ¯p([²^Ttw=¿ ª¯p `noc±[te[tdy¯p
º²-U_+[y} ¯prUe¿`[t_ª ¯p0È\Unoe_h^`l)¯prZF[]°ª¯p0È=ah[]_+eZE4prTKfpr'xÈ%KKpM ²`
¶·[t_+ejon#i©4p
c±g+[tj4jo[]c®Ä¯p8mwK\Unoe E4p8`` KpMn4e«ÈwT iC_].gbah_].gba+_+wK\Uf°=gt¯pÈtn4[tefahn¯¾C .n ¬ U jon ¬ fahg
TK Kp[tlUg]¹i©rmwKcEs0[tg]prZErk^`_+_b[]atpCiUÏÄ[OuK[]eUnoeMp0\MfK
¶ nogb[· ¶R¯p0Èn4j4uT^´ZE }¯pM AKKpU\ {
f Kp ; K
¶ n4aba'ª¯pCÏÄU_+w`eUg+wKe ª `_]4p0mk^T\UC^`eUw · `_]4p- ²KfpU.\ d
`KpC ` ¶ Un¯ah[yȹZE «4pr'[t[]gF· ¯p- AfLp\ % LKpCT
U ¶ Un¯ah[yȹZE «4priC_+[]eU¿%ȹi¯p- AK `pU\ ±f`pCK
¶ noj4jono^`c p0Èf§k^T_+tgbUnoj4lµ·¯p- AfTK^pU.\ ÁK`pr`
¶ noj4jono^`cp=È=§^`_btg+nojolµ·4p- ²f``sMp\ f È¢
U KprTK
¶·wK_ba+U[]°´¯pri0^Ts¹[]_ȹ «4p xwKeU ^` jo[]g ¯p- AKf=pU\ ±
KMLpUK
¶·wK_ba+U[]°´¯p- AK`
Up\ fÈ%fp- ²f
¶·wK_ba+U[]
° ´¯p- AKM Lp¹FÈ K ApOLMLML
`
wKUe ¬ 8 ¯p
AMLKp\ ÁT
=pM ;`f
[tj³~lw;u=n4 ©^ ¯p- AfTpUFÐx p L`
no[ ¬ oj []_Ä4pr[]eUlU[]_.}¯p- AKfpU$'xÈ` KpCKK
no[ ¬ oj []_Ä4p0È^ ¬ jono^Ey(¯pr[]eUlU[t_}4pr©[tjoj4wKeUn (¯p }_b[ K¬ ¬ n4w{4prÈ=[tn4a+ȹ4p- ²KKpFÐx `
fpM ²
!"#%$'&(*)+,*.-0/1 21
i n ¬ K !gbwK\UUw`ah^`j'cÁ^T\Ug{w`Fgv°c±c±[]ah_bno%^`el ^`gv°c±c±[]ah_bno% ¬ ^`jz^In4[tgJ%n4g+wK\Uw`ah[]gd^T_+[ºg+UwA§'e
wK_{Ë®cd^ ¬ en4ahlU[tg±\¹[]_Á^T_+tgb[t5gbÃC^`_+[Tpk_+wKc ` µU\a+wK Ígba+[t\Ugdw`xwKeU[cÁ^ ¬ eUn4a+UlU[²Î{^TeUl
\0wKg+n¯ahnow`eUg¢^`_b[ ¬ n4uK[]e §'n¯ah _+[]g+\0[tOaa+w»a+U[ ¬ ^`jo^I=° t[]efah[t_]4 iC_h^`c±[tgd§[]_+[«wKsa^TnoeU[]l ^IaA.^`a+[
_+wAuK[]eUt[qFsUg+[]_buT^Tahw`_b°¸$Í !lnz^`_va}[]a^`jƱTKf`^fÎ .\U\0[t_}\C^`e[tIj Jy0
mR
K
`p
^%lUno noeµËno_ ¬ w^TeUl
jowA§©[t_x\C^TeU[tj³p-2
ymR`M LfpM^s¹wf noeÉ^gbcÁ^Tjoj ¬ _+wK\MÏÄ[±jo^Ta+a+[t_.g+UwA§'g}noc±\¹w`_ba^TeaF^`gb°=c±cd[Oah_bno[tg
^`g'jz^T_ ¬ [F[]joj4no\a+notn¯a!°{u`^T_+nz^Iahnow`eUgtpnog+w`\UUw`a+[tgka!§'nogva.^`eUlºlU_+n¯?aÄw`8ahU[}t[]efah[t_]
K
i n ¬ ' 8[t]Ujono^`_+n¯ahno[]gÄnoeºahU[2ymK A0\U\¹[]_\C^TeU[tj8g+UwA§'g^±Ë sU^`eUl$n4cÁ^ ¬ [y^`eUla+U[ªj4wA§[]_
\C^`e[tjCg+w;§'g^xcÁ^`\{w`¹sU_bn ¬ fahe[tg+g CUOahC^Iahnow`eUg§'U[t_b[._+^`lUnz^TjuT^`_+no^Tahn4wKeUg§©[t_b[.t^`eU][tjoj4[tl±sf°{^`ed^`l
Uw=ªcd^`g+¿rxw`ahn4t[ª^¢È g+C^`_b\5sU_bn ¬ fa[t^Tah_+[%ÍÀKg+U[]joj4ÀdwK_.ÀK_+n4\U\Uj4[tÀÁn4e$ah[ªUgbC^`j(a+[t_bcdn4eUwKjow ¬ °Î/
^`eUwTahU[]_s_+n ¬ aÄ[t^Tah_+[}^`\U\0[²^T_+g'noe¢ah[ªÈ¶R
`
i n ¬ ' _bn ¬ fahe[tg+g.\U_+wT¾Cjo[]gnoeºËÑj4n ¬ fawK_lUn4̹[t_b[tefaxÇa!°=\0[ ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gtin4jojo[]l%tno_btj4[tg.^`_+[FFÈÏ
lC^Tah^sf°µ
^`U[]_F[]ay^`j³±Ív A`fKÎ/-mk^`_+wKj4jowd[]ay^`jkÍv AKK`^fÎ/ }[]sUC^`_blax[]ax^`jÆdÍÆTKK`srÎp¹§'U[]_+[t^`g}wK\¹[]e
tn4_+]jo[tgk^`_+[§'n4lU[¾C[]jol¢lC^Ia^Esf
° !lUno^`_bak[]a'^`j³'ÍÆTKKK^fÎ#sg+tn4g+g+^`[}^`_+[xewK_+cd^`jon4t[]ld§'n4a+¢_+[]g+\0[t]aÄa+w
ah[ª[]̹[tOahn¯uK[E_+^`lUnogtp0g+wUw`cdwKj4w ¬ wKgÄ\U_+w`¾Ujo[tg^`\U\0[²^`_^`g\C^`_h^Tjojo[]j-jon4eU[tg].w`ahn4t[yahC^Ta2
ymKf`
C^`g}^À`tUgb\°=Àº\U_+wT¾Cjo[E_bUeUeUn4e ¬ §©[tjoj#^`s¹wAu`[EahU[´ÀK_,L + 7h!jo^A§'Àd§'U[t_b[²^`g}ÀK]wK_+[!jon4¿`[]À\U_+wT¾Cjo[]gx²^`eÉs0[
g+[][tenoe¢ahU[xa!§©wds0wf ¬ nz^`efahg'0
m
fK`±^TeUl$0
m
fKK
T
i n ¬ (
#^`c±\Uj4[tg#w`ru`[tjow=tn¯a!°ªlnog+\0[t_bg+n4wKeE\U_bw`¾Cjo[]g#noe´[]joj4no\a+no²^Tjog-w`0lUn¯Ì []_+[tefaj4Uc±noeUwKgbn4a+no[tg]
iC_+wKc
ahw`\%a+w{s¹w`abahwKc)J0m
;LMLK´^´²Z ¬ ^`jo^I=°n4e$mw`cÁ^pC^²un4e ¬ wKeU[xw`8ah[yjo^`_ ¬ [tgba .[]u`[t__+[t]wK_+l[tl
Íƺ[tUj4[t_ba[OaF^`j³©`KKfÎKr2ym*KTMLE§'n4ah^`eº[Ot[]\ahn4wKeC^`j
][tefah_+^`j
cdn4eUnocEcͳÈnoc±no[]e%Ð _+ ¬ eno[tj
AKKK/Î ©2
ym¨Kf`5^5\_+w`a+w`a!°=\¹[¢\U_bw`¾Cj4[ÉÍÆÈ=ah^Tahj4[t_ªÐ®Èc±[t¿T[t_+ ^TeU[É AKKfKÎ 0
m¨KKKp^$S^`n4ea
wKs b[]]aµÍSlUno©ÎE§'n4a+ ^«g+C^`_b\ t[]efah_h^Tj.\0[²^`¿rpÄn4ea+[t_b\U_+[Oah[tl ^`gÁ^Te []u=nol[teU][wK_{ahU[\U_+[]g+[]eUt[5wT}^
t[]efah_h^TjÄÈU$ DÍ _xwK_bcd[]eUl°«[]aE^`jÆ« AK L Èn4cdn4[te·Ð _b ¬ eUn4[tj`KfKKÎ 2
ymÑ
fM Lf=p^S^Tnoefaªs0wf
gh^Iah[tj4jon¯ah[Fw`^´\C^`n4_Äw` ¬ nz^`efahg]
K
i n ¬ = U^Tcd\Uj4[tgwTx_+w`ah^Tahn4wKe\_+w`¾Cj4[tgdnoe []jojon4\ahn4²^`j4gt iC_+w`c½ahwK\a+wÅs0w`a+a+wKc JÉ0m® A`Kp
lUn4g+\Ujo^A°=n4e ¬ ^`eµw`ah[]_FÀ`a!§'nogvahÀwTa+U[E_bw`a^Ta+nowKe$^Inog{ͳÈ=a^Iahjo[]_[Oa}^`jƪ AKKfÎKM0mRK`Lp gbUwA§'g}^`e
noet_+[t^`g+n4e ¬ uK[tj4w]n4a!°¢\ºa+w±a+U[jo^`gba'lU^Ta^{\¹w`noefahg@¹0m Kf`pr^ ¬ ^Tjz^I=°Á§'n¯ah^±c±w=lU[tgva^T\U\C^`_b[tefa
_+wTa^Ta+nowKelU[xahw{\U_+w b[t]a+nowKe%[OÌ []]ahg@r2ym `fKpC^Elnzʧ'n¯ah¢S^`gva'_+w`ah^Tahn4wKenoea+U[}t[]ea+_h^`j-_b[ ¬ n4wKeM
arcsec
`
10
10
0
0
5
N
−10
−10
0
E
−20
−10
a)
0
10
20
30
−20
21.5
mV
−10
b)
arcsec
0
10
20
30
arcsec
−80
16.5
[mag/arcsec 2 ]
V
−5
+80
[km/s]
10
10
0
0
0
−10
−10
−10
arcsec
10
−20
−10
c)
0
10
100
σ
[km/s]
20
30
−20
−10
d)
arcsec
270
0
10
20
2
Mg b
[Å]
30
−20
−10
e)
arcsec
5
0
10
20
arcsec
1.1
Hβ
2.1
[Å]
i n ¬ F `Z cÁ^`\gw`¿noeU[]cÁ^Iahnot^`j
\C^`_+^`cd[Oah[]_+gwT2ymW
KKf±_bwKc È\
Äqxy .\U\0[t_\C^`eU[]jogJ
jo[O?a²pË cÁ^ ¬ eUn4a+UlU[]gk][tefah[]_tpkj4noeU[wTgbn ¬ fa´uK[]jow=tn¯ahno[]gE§'n4a+Êl[]a^Tnojog{^Ia´ahU[%_+n ¬ fa{\C^`eU[]jÆ»-wA§[]_
\C^`e[tjog@J»jo[]?atp.u`[tjow=tn¯a!° lUn4g+\0[t_bg+now`e][tefah[]_tpy ¬ n4eUlU[O _+n ¬ atp ÑnoelU[O¹¦[]\U_+w=lUU][tl _+wKc
Zx^²u=no[tgÄ[Oa.^`jÆͳ`K ;Îs°%]wKU_vah[tgv°%w`8ahU[y^`a+UwK_bg.^TeUl%w`(a+U[}c±[t_bno²^Teº.gba+_+wKeUw`cdn4²^`jMÈw]no[Oa!°K
30
K
i n ¬ 5= ÏÄU[¢lUnogvah_bnosUa+nowKe«w`Z} \U^`_ba+notj4[tgª^`_+[dg+UwA§'eÊ^TaªuT^`_bnowKg_b[tlUgbUn4?a+gtµÏÄU[\jow`a+gE^`_b[
ahnoeg+j4no][tg´w`.g+n4lU[tg{fAUK;U`«\¹Tpah^`¿`[]eÊ_bwKc _bUeUg{w`.^ ÄmkZ} c±wlU[]jÄ^`eUl»Ugbnoe ¬ ^µ Y
tw=lU[Tp noetjolUnoe ¬ ; L`Y\C^`_ba+no]jo[tgnoe5^Ás¹w²g+n4t[EwT`
K L.º\¹TFÏÄU[E[OuKwKj4ahn4wKe5lU[]cdwKegbah_+^Tah[]gah[
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKe p8eUlU[t_ ¬ _h^²u=n4ah^Tahn4wKeC^`jnoeUgva^`sUn4jon¯a!°Kp-w`Ä\U^`eU²^T¿`[tg]p#¾Cjz^Tcd[]ea+gtp(eUwl[tgE^TeUl·u`wKnolUg]p(_bwKc ^
ÃC^`gbn¯!wKcdw ¬ [teU[]wKUgÄn4eUn4a+nz^`j0twKelUn4a+nowKeM
L
i n ¬ L ÏÄU[%_b[tg+j4ahg{w`'a+U[%gh^`c±[¢g+n4cEUjz^Iahnow`eÅ^`_b[¢g+UwA§'e ^Ia´cEUÊg+cd^`joj4[t_g+²^Tjo[tgÍg+jon4t[]gEw`
lUn4cd[]eUg+n4wKeUgÄA
ICT´\0AÎOkaÄgbU%g+t^`jo[]gÄZ}®C^`j4wKgw`_+c ^`eUl ¬ _bw;§ sf°dcd[]_ ¬ []_k^`eUl%^Ttt_b[]a+nowKeM
ÏÄU[\Ujow`a+g'g+UwA§ ^ ¬ _+wA§Äahw`#a!§©wÁC^`j4wKg^`eUlºahU[]no_[]uK[]efahC^`j(cd[]_ ¬ []_'jo[²^TlUnoe ¬ ahwd^dgbnoe ¬ jo[}C^`j4wd^Ia
ah[y\_+[tgb[tefaahnoc±[`
`
( '% & !
!#"$
)+*-,/. σ 0 124365
i n ¬ F j4w`aFwTahU[]wK_+[Oahnot^`j ¬ V noelUno][tg.u`[t_bg+Ugxah[ªt[]efah_h^TjuK[]jow=tn4a!°ºlUn4g+\0[t_bg+now`e$wK_ln4̹[t_+[]efa
_+[]lUg+n4?ahg«Í p. Kp `^`eUl KKÎÑw`ahn4t[5ah[µnoeU]_+[²^Tg+noe ¬ g+jow`\¹[µ^Ia¢Un ¬ U[t_¢_b[tlUgbUn4?a+g
ÍS_b[tgb\¹[]]ahn¯uK[]j4°5[]ÃC^`j(a+w¢¯ A`
Up ¯ Afp TML^`eUl5 = AfÎOp¹_+[]g+Uj¯ahnoe ¬ cÁ^TnoeUj¯°_+wKc¼ah[EUn ¬ U[t_.gba^T_
wK_bcÁ^Ta+nowKeÁ[ ±tn4[teUO°%noe%cdw`_+[xcd^`g+gbn4uK[ ¬ ^Tjz^Ino[]gt
© Copyright 2026 Paperzz