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%HUPDQ op. cit., VWU L G 0QR§WYR SLVDQLK SUDYQLK L]YRUD KLMHUDUKLMVNL RUJDQL]LUDQLK YD©LOR MH NDR ]DMHGQL³NR SUDYR §LURP 6YHWRJ 5LPVNRJ &DUVWYD SD L L]YDQ QMHJRYLK JUDQLFD JGMHJRG VH RVMH±DR XWMHFDM NDWROL³NRJVYH±HQVWYD ,,v5LPVNRNDQRQVNRSUDYR VNXS SR]LWLYQLK SUDYLOD GRQLMHWLK RG VUHGL§QMHJ SDSLQVNRJ DXWRULWHWD D QH L]UD] RGXYLMHN SRVWRMH±HFUNYHQHWUDGLFLMHLQHSURPMHQMLYLKVWDULKREL³DMD +LMHUDUKLMVNRPXVWURMX&UNYHRGJRYDUDRMHLKLMHUDUKLMVNLXVWURMVXGEHQHYODVWLWDNR GD MH MR§ X YULMHPH *UJXUD 9,, SDSLQVNL VXG SURJOD§HQ VXGRP FMHORNXSQRJ NU§±DQVWYD QDGOH©QLP X VYLP SUHGPHWLPD NRML VH WL³X .DWROL³NH FUNYH §WR MH X VHEL REXKYD±DOR L QDGOH©QRVW QDG ODLFLPD X QL]X SUHGPHWD RG RQLK NRML VH WL³X YMHUH L SR§WHQMD GR EUD³QLK L RELWHOMVNLKVWYDUL8VWYDULPDVYH±HQVWYDQDGOH©QRVWFUNYHQRJDXWRULWHWDELODMHLVNOMX³LYD % 3RQRYQRRWNULYDQMHULPVNRJSUDYDJORVDWRULLSRVWJORVDWRUL 3DUDOHOQRVUD]YRMHPNDQRQVNRJSUDYDXJUDGRYLPDVMHYHUQH,WDOLMHUD´DVHLQWHUHV]D ULPVNR SUDYR SRVUHGRYDQR X SUYRP UHGX NUR] WDGD RWNULYHQX RSVH©QX ]ELUNX 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SRMPLWLQLWLNDRSR]LWLYQRSUDYRMHURQRWRQLMHELOR3UHRVWDRMHSULVWXSSUHPDNRPH'LJHVWD VDGU©DYDMXLGHDOQRSUDYRXWMHORYOMHQMHUD]XPDNRMHYULMHGLXYLMHNEH]RE]LUDQDUD]GREOMHL GUX§WYHQH SULOLNH 5LMH³MX SDQGHNWLVWL VX SULVWXSDOL 3DQGHNWDPD NDR XWMHORYOMHQMX LVWLQLWRJ SUDYDQDLVWLQD³LQQDNRMLVXVNRODVWL³DULSULVWXSDOL%LEOLMLNDRULMH³L%R©MRM 6DPL SUDYQL WHNVWRYL VNXSOMHQL X 'LJHVWDPD QLVX PH´XWLP VDPL XYLMHN RGJRYDUDOL LGHDOL]LUDQRMXOR]LNRMDLPMHELODQDPLMHQMHQD.DNRVXXGREDVYRJQDVWDQNDLPDOLVDVYLP SUDJPDWL³NX IXQNFLMX RQL VX X VYRMRM RVQRYL ELOL ND]XLVWL³NL VDVWDYOMHQL RULMHQWLUDQL QD NRQNUHWQHVOX³DMHYHVQHULMHWNRSURWXUMH³QLPDUJXPHQWLPD6WRJDVXVUHGQMRYMHNRYQLX³LWHOML ULPVNRJSUDYDNDRVYRMXRVQRYQX]DGD±XVKYDWLOLXMHGQD³DYDQMHLUD]UMH§DYDQMHVXSURWQRVWL WMNRPHQWLUDQMHL]YRUQRJWHNVWDQDQD³LQGDVHSULYLGQDSURWXUMH³MDLQHVNODGL]JODGHLSULND©X NDRGLRMHGQRJFMHORYLWRJLVYHREXKYDWQRJVXVWDYDRS±LKSUDYQLKQRUPL2GYMH§WLQHWHFKQH SUDYR MH X VUHGQMRYMHNRYQLP VYHX³LOL§WLPD SR SUYL SXWD SRVWDOR ]QDQRVW VFLHQWLD 3URIHVLMD SUDYQLN RYDM SXWD SURILOLUDQD YL§H X WHRULMVNRP QRUPDWLYQRP D PDQMH X SUDNWL³QRP .DR L X GUXJLP UD]GREOMLPD UHYROXFLRQDUQL VH QDERM QDVWRMDR VDNULWL SR]LYDQMHP QD QDMVWDULMX L]YRUQX WUDGLFLMX .DGD QL WR QLMH L§OR SR]LYDOR VH L]UDYQR QD 6YHWR 3LVPR&I NRG %HUPDQD 6XR³HQL V RGYUDWQLP REL³DMHPJUHJRULMDQVNLVXVHUHIRUPLVWLSR]LYDOLQDLVWLQXFLWLUDMX±L7HUWXOLMDQRYL&LSULMDQRYDIRUL]DP.ULVWMH ND]DR-DVDPLVWLQDQLMHND]DR-DVDPREL³DM%HUPDQop. cit.,VWU 3DSDMHYODGDR³LWDYRPFUNYRP2Q MH ELR XQLYHU]DOQL ]DNRQRGDYDF QMHJRYD MH PR± ELOD RJUDQL³HQD MHGLQR SULURGQLPSUDYRPLSR]LWLYQLPER©DQVNLPSUDYRP%LEOLMH2QMHVD]LYDRRS±HNRQFLOHSUHGVMHGDYDRLPDQMHJRYD MH SRWYUGD ELOD QHRSKRGQD ]D L]YU§QRVW QMLKRYLK RGOXND 2Q MH RNRQ³DYDR VSRURYH R PQRJLP SLWDQMLPD VYRMLP GHNUHWLPD WXPD³LR MH SUDYR L GDYDR SULYLOHJLMH L RGULMH§HQMD RG JULMHKD 2Q MH WDNR´HU ELR YUKRYQL VXGDF L DGPLQLVWUDWRU 9D©QL VOX³DMHYL PDLRUHV FDXVDH ELOL VX UH]HUYLUDQL ]D QMHJRY VXG /H%UDV&DQQRQ /DZ X &UXPS-DFRE7KH/HJDF\RIWKH0LGGOH$JHV2[IRUGVWU 2UDVWXXWMHFDMDULPVNRJSUDYDYLGL(QJHOPDQQop. cit.,VWU &I%HUPDQop. cit.,VWULG ,,v5LPVNRNDQRQVNRSUDYR UHWRUL³NRP REOLNX URGLOD VH NUR] SUDNVX GRVORYQH §NROVNH DQDOL]H L LQWHUSUHWDFLMH JORVLUDQMDL]YRUQRJWHNVWD-XVWLQLMDQRYLK'LJHVWD 3RPDOR VH SDUDGRNVDOQR GRLPD ³LQMHQLFD GD VX JORVDWRUL ]D LVKRGL§WH VYRMHJ SRGX³DYDQMD SUDYD LPDOL WHNVW NRML VH L]YRUQR SULPMHQMLYDR VDPR QD JUD´DQH 5LPD LXV FLYLOLVDQHQDGUXJHQDURGHRNXSOMHQHXVWDURPULPVNRPFDUVWYXLXVJHQWLXPSUHPGDMH QDMYH±DNROL³LQDWDGD§QMLKVWXGHQDWDSUDYDSRWMHFDODL]UD]QRURGQLK]HPDOMDNRMHEL]DVWDUH 5LPOMDQHXVWURJRPVPLVOXELOHVPDWUDQHEDUEDUVNLPD-XVWLQLMDQRYD]ELUNDNRMDVHSRVWXSQR SR³HOD QD]LYDWL MR§ L &RUSXV ,XULV &LYLOLV GRSULQLMHOD MH LQWHJUDFLML L VYLMHVWL R ]DMHGQL³NRP SRULMHNOXWDGD§QMLKHYURSVNLK]HPDOMD ]HPDOMDNRMHVHVWRJDLGDQDVXNRPSDUDWLYQRPSUDYX L]DQJORVDNVRQVNHSHUVSHNWLYHQD]LYDMXFLYLOODZFRXQWULHV QDLVWLQD³LQQDNRMLMHWR³LQLOR NU§±DQVWYRNDRWDGD§QMDXQLYHU]DOQDHYURSVNDUHOLJLMD 5HOLJLMVND NRPSRQHQWD VUHGQMRYMHNRYQRJ SUDYD SRVUHGRYDQD NUR] NDQRQVNR SUDYR WH 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