1.3 Java EEによるWebアプリケーション開発

➨ 1 ❶㻌 䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖/JSP 䛾ᴫせ
㻝㻚㻟
㻶㼍㼢㼍㻌㻱㻱䛻䜘䜛㼃㼑㼎䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㛤Ⓨ㻌
Java EE䜢⏝䛔䛶㛤Ⓨ䛩䜛Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䚸᪤ᐃ䛾䝣䜷䝹䝎ᵓᡂ䛻䛧䛯䛜䛳䛶ᵓ⠏䛧䜎䛩䚹
䛣䛣䛷䛿䚸Java EE䛻䛚䛡䜛Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝣䜷䝹䝎ᵓᡂ䛸ᵓᡂせ⣲䜢ㄝ᫂䛧䜎䛩䚹
㻝㻚㻟㻚㻝
㻶㼍㼢㼍㻌㻱㻱䛻䛚䛡䜛㼃㼑㼎䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㻌
Java EE䛻䛚䛡䜛Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛸䛿䚸䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䚸JSP䚸Web䝁䞁䝔䞁䝒䠄HTML䚸PDF䚸GIF䚸
Java䜰䝥䝺䝑䝖䠅䛺䛹䚸Java EE䛾Webᒙ䛻⨨䛟䝣䜯䜲䝹䜢䝟䝑䜿䞊䝆໬䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹
Webᒙ䛻⨨䛟䝣䜯䜲䝹䛾୰䛷䜒Java䛾䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛷䛒䜛䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䜔JSP䚸䝡䝆䝛䝇䝻䝆䝑䜽䛺䛹䛿䚸
ಖᏲᛶ䜔ຠ⋡ᛶ䜢⪃䛘䚸3䛴䛾ᙺ๭䠄Model䚸View䚸Controller䠅䛻ศ䛡䛶ᐇ⿦䜢⾜䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾᪉ἲ䛿
䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾㢌ᩥᏐ䜢䛸䛳䛶䛂MVC䝟䝍䞊䞁䛃䛸࿧䜀䜜䚸ඖ䛿GUIᶵ⬟䜢ᣢ䛴䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ຠ⋡ⓗ
1
䛻㛤Ⓨ䛷䛝䜛䜘䛖䛻⪃᱌䛥䜜䛯䝕䝄䜲䞁䝟䝍䞊䞁 䛷䛩䚹
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䜔JSP䛾ヲ⣽䚸㐃ᦠ䛾ᐇ⿦᪉ἲ䛿ᚋ㏙䛧䜎䛩䚹
ᵓᡂせ⣲
ㄝ᫂
䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝕䞊䝍䛸䛭䛾ධฟຊ䜢ᢸ䛖䚹
Model
Java EE䛷䛿JavaBeans䝁䞁䝫䞊䝛䞁䝖䜔EJB䝁䞁䝫䞊䝛䞁䝖䛷ᐇ⿦䚹
䝴䞊䝄䞊᧯స䛾ཷ䛡௜䛡䚸Model䛾⾲♧䜢ᢸ䛖䚹
View
Java EE䛷䛿JSP䛷ᐇ⿦䚹
View䛸Model䛾ไᚚ䜢ᢸ䛖䚹View䛛䜙䛾ධຊ䛻ᛂ䛨䛶䚸Model䛻䝕䞊䝍䛾ኚ᭦䜢౫㢗
Controller
䛧䚸䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䛾⾲♧䜢View䛻౫㢗䛩䜛䚹
Java EE䛷䛿䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛷ᐇ⿦䚹
1
䝕䝄䜲䞁䝟䝍䞊䞁䛸䛿䚸䜘䛟౑䜟䜜䜛䜽䝷䝇タィ䛾䝟䝍䞊䞁䛾䛣䛸䛷䛩䚹Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻㛵㐃䛩䜛䝕䝄䜲䞁䝟䝍䞊䞁䛾ヲ
⣽䛿䛂Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁ヲ⣽タィ(JavaEE ⦅)䛃䝁䞊䝇䛷ྲྀ䜚ୖ䛢䜎䛩䚹
10
1.3 Java EE 䛻䜘䜛 Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㛤Ⓨ
㻝㻚㻟㻚㻞
㼃㼑㼎䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᵓᡂ㻌
Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䝟䝑䜿䞊䝆໬䛩䜛䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿䚸つᐃ䛾㝵ᒙᵓ㐀䛻ᚑ䛳䛶㓄⨨䛧䜎䛩䚹Web䝁
䞁䝔䞁䝒䛸JSP䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝹䞊䝖䝕䜱䝺䜽䝖䝸௨ୗ䛻㓄⨨䛧䚸䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛺䛹䛾
䜽䝷䝇䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿䇿WEB-INF/classes䇿䝕䜱䝺䜽䝖䝸䛻㓄⨨䛧䜎䛩䚹
Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᵓᡂ᝟ሗ䛿䛂䝕䝥䝻䜲䝯䞁䝖䝕䜱䝇䜽䝸䝥䝍䠄web.xml䠅䛃䛻ᐃ⩏䛧䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾䝣
䜯䜲䝹䛻䛿䚸䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛾䜽䝷䝇ྡ䚸䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䜢࿧䜃ฟ䛩URL䚸䜰䜽䝉䝇ไᚚ䛾᝟ሗ䚸䝴䞊䝄䞊ㄆ
ド䛾᪉ἲ䛺䛹䜢ᐃ⩏䛧䜎䛩䚹
Web䝁䞁䝔䞁䝒䛸JSP䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿䚸䛭䛾䝣䜯䜲䝹ྡ䜢♧䛩URL䜢䝤䝷䜴䝄䛷ᣦᐃ䛧䛶࿧䜃ฟ䛧䜎䛩䚹䝃
1
䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛿URL䜢web.xml 䛻ᐃ⩏䛧䚸䛭䛾URL䜢䝤䝷䜴䝄䛷ᣦᐃ䛧䛶࿧䜃ฟ䛧䜎䛩䚹
1
JavaEE5 䛷䛿䝯䝍䝕䞊䝍䜰䝜䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾౑⏝䛻䜘䜚䚸ᶆ‽䛾 web.xml 䝕䝥䝻䜲䝯䞁䝖グ㏙Ꮚ䜢┬␎䛩䜛䛣䛸䜒ྍ⬟䛷䛩䚹
11
➨ 1 ❶㻌 䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖/JSP 䛾ᴫせ
㻝㻚㻟㻚㻟
䝕䝥䝻䜲䝯䞁䝖䝕䜱䝇䜽䝸䝥䝍䠄㼣㼑㼎㻚㼤㼙㼘䠅㻌
1
web.xml䛿XMLᩥ᭩䛷䛩䚹XML䛾ᵓ㐀䜢⾲䛩䝇䜻䞊䝬䛿XML䝇䜻䞊䝬 䜢᥇⏝䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹
XMLᩥ᭩䛿䚸㛤ጞ䝍䜾䚸ෆᐜ䚸⤊஢䝍䜾䛻䜘䛳䛶ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䜛䛂せ⣲䛃䛾⤌䜏ྜ䜟䛫䛻䜘䛳䛶グ㏙䛧䜎
䛩䚹XML䛿㝵ᒙ໬䛥䜜䛯ᵓ㐀䛸䛺䛳䛶䛚䜚䚸䝹䞊䝖せ⣲䜢1䛴ᣢ䛱䜎䛩䚹web.xml䛾䝹䞊䝖せ⣲䛿
䛂web-app䛃䛷䛩䚹
䛆せ⣲䛾ᵓᡂ䛇
VHUYOHWQDPH!6LPSOH6HUYOHWVHUYOHWQDPH!
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䕔 䝕䝥䝻䜲䝯䞁䝖䝕䜱䝇䜽䝸䝥䝍䠄グ㏙౛䠅
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௨๓䛿 DTD䠄Document Type Definition䠅䛜᥇⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹
12
1.3 Java EE 䛻䜘䜛 Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㛤Ⓨ
ILOWHU!
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ZHEDSS!
13
➨ 1 ❶㻌 䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖/JSP 䛾ᴫせ
web.xml䛻グ㏙䛩䜛୺せ䛺せ⣲䜢௨ୗ䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹
servlet
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛾ᐉゝ䛺䛹䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
<description>
ㄝ᫂
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛾ㄝ᫂ᩥ䚹
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<servlet-name>
web.xml ෆ䛷䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖ᐃ⩏䜢ཧ↷䛩䜛㝿䛻౑⏝䚹
<servlet-class>
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛾䜽䝷䝇ྡ䚹᏶඲ಟ㣭䜽䝷䝇ྡ䜢ᣦᐃ䛩䜛䚹
<init-param>
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖ึᮇ໬䝟䝷䝯䞊䝍䛾ྡ๓䛸್䛾⤌䜏ྜ䜟䛫䜢ᣦᐃ䚹
servlet-mapping
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛸䝸䜽䜶䝇䝖URL䛾㛫䛾䝬䝑䝢䞁䜾䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
ㄝ᫂
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<servlet-name>
servlet せ⣲ෆ䛾 servlet-name せ⣲䛷ᐃ⩏䛧䛯ྡ๓䛻ᑐᛂ䚹
䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䜢࿧䜃ฟ䛩 URL 䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<url-pattern>
ᑐᛂ䛩䜛䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛜࿧䜃ฟ䛥䜜䜛䚹
context-param
web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ึᮇ໬ᒓᛶ䛾ྡ๓䜔್䛾⤌䜏ྜ䜟䛫䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
ㄝ᫂
<param-name>
ᒓᛶྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<param-value>
ᒓᛶ್(ᩥᏐิ)䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
init-param
servletෆ䛾せ⣲䚹䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛾ึᮇ໬ᒓᛶ䛾ྡ๓䜔್䛾⤌䜏ྜ䜟䛫䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
ㄝ᫂
<param-name>
䝟䝷䝯䞊䝍ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<param-value>
䝟䝷䝯䞊䝍್(ᩥᏐิ)䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
14
1.3 Java EE 䛻䜘䜛 Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㛤Ⓨ
welcome-file-list
URLᣦᐃ䛾㝿䚸䝣䜯䜲䝹ྡ䛜┬␎䛥䜜䛯ሙྜ䛻⮬ືⓗ䛻ヱᙜ䝕䜱䝺䜽䝖䝸䛛䜙᳨⣴䛥䜜䜛䝕䝣䜷
䝹䝖䝨䞊䝆䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
<welcom-file>
ㄝ᫂
䝕䝣䜷䝹䝖䛾䜴䜵䝹䜹䝮䝣䜯䜲䝹䛸䛧䛶౑⏝䛩䜛䝣䜯䜲䝹ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
session-config
䝉䝑䝅䝵䞁䜢ᮇ㝈ษ䜜䛻䛩䜛䜎䛷䛾᫬㛫䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
<session-timeout>
ㄝ᫂
䝉䝑䝅䝵䞁䛜ᮇ㝈ษ䜜䛻䛺䜛䜎䛷䛾ศᩘ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
error-page
HTTP䛾䜶䝷䞊䝁䞊䝗䜔౛እ䛾䝍䜲䝥䛸web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䛒䜛䝸䝋䞊䝇䛾䝟䝇䛸䛾䝬䝑䝢䞁
䜾䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
ㄝ᫂
<error-code>
᭷ຠ䛺 HTTP 䜶䝷䞊䝁䞊䝗䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<exception-type>
Java 䛾౛እ䜽䝷䝇䛾᏶඲ಟ㣭䜽䝷䝇ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<location>
䜶䝷䞊᫬䛻⾲♧䛥䜜䜛䝸䝋䞊䝇㓄⨨ሙᡤ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
filter
1
」ᩘ䛾䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛺䛹䛷౑⏝䛩䜛䝸䜽䜶䝇䝖䜔䝺䝇䝫䞁䝇 䛾ຍᕤ䛺䛹䛾ฎ⌮䜢䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛸
䛿ศ㞳䛧䛯䜽䝷䝇䛷⏝ព䛧䝣䜱䝹䝍䛸䛧䛶ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
ㄝ᫂
䝣䜱䝹䝍ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<filter-name>
<filter-class>
䝕䝥䝻䜲䝯䞁䝖グ㏙Ꮚෆ䛷䝣䜱䝹䝍ཧ↷䛩䜛㝿䛻౑⏝䛥䜜䜛䚹
䝣䜱䝹䝍䛾᏶඲ಟ㣭䜽䝷䝇ྡ䚹
filter-mapping
䝣䜱䝹䝍䜽䝷䝇䛸㐺⏝䛩䜛䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䛾㛫䛾䝬䝑䝢䞁䜾䜢ᣦᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹
せ⣲
1
ㄝ᫂
<filter-name>
䝣䜱䝹䝍ྡ䜢ᐃ⩏䚹
<url-pattern>
䝬䝑䝥䛥䜜䛯䝣䜱䝹䝍䜢࿧䜃ฟ䛩 URL䚹
<servlet-name>
䝣䜱䝹䝍䜢ᐇ⾜䛩䜛䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖ྡ䚹
䝸䜽䜶䝇䝖䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䝣䜱䝹䝍䛿䛂஦๓ฎ⌮䛃䚸䝺䝇䝫䞁䝇䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䝣䜱䝹䝍䛿䛂஦ᚋฎ⌮䛃䛸䛧䛶ᶵ⬟䛧䜎䛩䚹
15
➨ 1 ❶㻌 䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖/JSP 䛾ᴫせ
䠄ཧ⪃䠅㻌 ᐇ⩦⎔ቃ䛾䝕䜱䝺䜽䝖䝸ᵓᡂ㻌
ᮏ䝁䞊䝇䛷䛿ᐇ⩦⎔ቃ䛸䛧䛶Eclipse䛸WTP䝥䝷䜾䜲䞁䜢฼⏝䛧䜎䛩䚹
Eclipse䛿䚸䜸䞊䝥䞁䝋䞊䝇䛾⤫ྜ㛤Ⓨ⎔ቃ䛷䛩䚹㛤Ⓨ䛻ᚲせ䛺䝁䞁䝟䜲䝷䚸䝕䝞䝑䜺䛺䛹䛜ᶆ‽䛷
ྠᲕ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䛜䚸䝥䝷䜾䜲䞁䜢⤌䜏㎸䜐䛣䛸䛷䛥䜙䛻ᶵ⬟ᣑᙇ䛜䛷䛝䜎䛩䚹䛣䛣䛷䛿䚸WTP䠄Web
Tools Platform䠅䝥䝷䜾䜲䞁䜢฼⏝䛧䜎䛩䚹WTP䝥䝷䜾䜲䞁䛿䚸䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䜔JSP䛺䛹䝃䞊䝞䝃䜲䝗㛤
Ⓨ䛻ᚲせ䛺ᶵ⬟䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛䝥䝷䜾䜲䞁䛷䛩䚹
ᐇ⩦⏝䛾Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䚸Eclipse䛾ືⓗWeb䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛸䛧䛶ᥦ౪䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽
䝖䛸䛿䚸䝋䞊䝇䝣䜯䜲䝹䜔䜽䝷䝇䝣䜯䜲䝹䚸タᐃ䝣䜯䜲䝹䛺䛹䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ᵓᡂ䛩䜛䝣䜯䜲䝹䜢䠍䛴䛻
䜎䛸䜑䛯䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹
1
ᐇ⩦⎔ቃ䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖 䛿ḟ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛩䚹
ᐇ⩦䛾ゎ⟅౛⏝䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖
ᐇ⩦⏝䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖
䝃䞁䝥䝹䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖
䝃䞊䝞䞊䛾タᐃ
䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛾㝵ᒙᵓ㐀䛿ḟ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛩䚹䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䞉䜶䜽䝇䝥䝻䞊䝷䞊䛷⾲♧䛥䜜䜛㝵ᒙᵓ㐀䛿䚸
Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾つᐃ䛾㝵ᒙᵓ㐀䛸䛿␗䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䛜䚸ᐇ㝿䛻䝃䞊䝞䞊䛻䝕䝥䝻䜲䛥䜜䜛䝣䜯
䜲䝹䛿つᐃ䛻๎䛳䛯㝵ᒙᵓ㐀䛻䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹Java䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿䚸䛂Java䝸䝋䞊䝇䠖src䛃䝣䜷䝹䝎䛻᱁⣡䛧
䜎䛩䚹HTML䝣䜯䜲䝹䜔JSP䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿䛂WebContent䛃䝣䜷䝹䝎䛻᱁⣡䛧䜎䛩䚹
Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖
web.xml
䝋䞊䝇䝣䜯䜲䝹
HTML 䝣䜯䜲䝹䚸
JSP 䝣䜯䜲䝹䛺䛹
1
Labs 䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛻䛿䚸ᮍ᏶ᡂ䛾䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛜ྵ䜎䜜䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䚸䜶䝷䞊䝬䞊䜽䛜௜䛔䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹
16
1.3 Java EE 䛻䜘䜛 Web 䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁㛤Ⓨ
㻝㻚㻟㻚㻠
㼃㼑㼎䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝕䝥䝻䜲㻌
Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢Web䝁䞁䝔䝘䛻Ⓩ㘓䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢䛂䝕䝥䝻䜲䛃䛸䛔䛔䜎䛩䚹Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁
䜢Web䝁䞁䝔䝘䛻䝕䝥䝻䜲䛩䜛䛸䚸Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䝟䝑䜿䞊䝆໬䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛Web䝁䞁䝔䞁䝒䛜බ
㛤䛥䜜䚸䝃䞊䝤䝺䝑䝖䜔JSP䛾ᐇ⾜䛜ྍ⬟䛻䛺䜚䜎䛩䚹
ලయⓗ䛺䝕䝥䝻䜲䛾᪉ἲ䛿䚸౑⏝䛩䜛䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䝃䞊䝞䞊䛻䜘䛳䛶␗䛺䜚䜎䛩䚹
Tomcat䛷䛿䚸Web䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢䛂Tomcat䜢䜲䞁䝇䝖䞊䝹䛧䛯䝕䜱䝺䜽䝖䝸¥webapps䛃䝕䜱䝺䜽䝖
䝸䛻䝁䝢䞊䛩䜛஦䛷䝕䝥䝻䜲䛜⮬ືⓗ䛻⾜䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹
17