TheUseofPharmacoeconomics intheUSHealthcareSystem

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医療経済研究
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米国ヘルスケアシステムにおげる
薬剤経済学の利用状況
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坂巻弘之申 2
米国の医療費は、毎年10% 近い伸びを示しており、 2001 年には約1~~3000億ドルが支出された。そのうちの薬剤費の割
合は約 10%であるが、処方薬の市場の伸びは 15.7%であり、ここ数年、全体の医療費の伸びに比べ大きな数値を示してい
る。一方、 1990年代以降のマネジドケアの拡大 !
i、さまざまな手段で医療費コントロールを行っている。マネジドケアに
とどまらず、 PBM、病院、医師グループは、フォーミュラリーへの新薬の収載、更新のために P&T
委員会を組織しており、
近年、フォーミュラリーコントロールに薬剤経済学の利用が進んでいる。また、病院など医療現場では、薬剤師が自らの
業務を経済的に評価するなどの形でも薬剤経済学の考え方が浸透しつつあり、マネジドケアに関連する学会や薬剤師団体
では、薬剤経済学データの利用の標準化のためにガイドラインや関係者への教育プログラムを提供している。米国におけ
る薬剤経済学の利用方法は、日本においても医療の現場で薬剤経済学を用いる際の参考になると考えられる。
キーワード:薬剤経済学、米園、医薬品流通、フォーミュラリー
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