Physiological Monitor for the Prevention of Heat-Related Injuries Wes Bellman, Kevin Mason, Lorraine Novak, Matt West BME Projects 1 Dr. Nasir Agenda • • • • • Establishment of problem Background of problem Research plan Method Feasibility • Projected costs • Required expertise • Anticipated challenges • Team Responsibilities • Discussion The Problem • Heat stroke due to exertion is the third leading cause of on-the-field sudden death in athletes • Deaths from heat-related injuries for athletes has more than doubled since 1975 • More competition • Lack of awareness Needs Statement A wearable all-in-one device is needed to help medical teams, athletic coaches, and trainers monitor the well-being of the athletes. Background • Heat-Related Injuries • Intended Users • Physiological Parameters Research Plan • Two project phases • Sensing methods • Research completed thus far TB = T1 + (T1 − T2)(T1 − T3) K(T2 − T4) − (T1 − T2) Source: “Development of a new method for the noninvasive measurement of deep body temperature without a heater” Research Plan • Heart Rate Monitor • Instrumentation Amplifier Research Plan • Dehydration Sensor • Conductivity Method • Heart Rate • Electrode placement  Filtering  Amplification • Electrodes, circuit elements • Core Body Temperature • Constructed/adapted from previous research Method • Sodium Concentration • Sweat sample collected through microfluidic device • Electrodes apply stimulus, measure voltage drop 𝑅= 𝑉 𝐼 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝐺 = 1 𝑅 Block Diagram Core Body Temp Sensor Hydration monitor: sweat conductivity sensor Inputs Output via Bluetooth Printed Circuit Board Microcontroller PC GUI Hear rate sensor Athlete Condition Feasibility • Timeline: • • • • • Final design by end of semester Purchasing necessary materials Individual sensor testing Testing of whole system Final project finished by end of spring semester Costs Heart Rate Monitor Temperature Sensor Sodium Concentration Sensor Microcontroller Additional electronics, components, miscellaneous Anticipated Costs Table PCB Electrodes Digi-Key Corporation temperature sensors Athletic breathable fabric Clean Room QuicKutz Silhouette PSA tape Printed Electrode Arduino Nano / software Bluetooth hardware RS232 Cable Basic circuit components Tubing, wick, cutting blades Project Box Batteries Athletic Peripherals Total Approximate Costs $150-$200 $20-$40 $50 $30-$90 $0-$150 $150-$300 $40 $0-$100 $200-$300 $50-$100 $21 $150 $60 $40-$60 $25 $60 $1050-$1750 Anticipated Challenges • Maintaining accuracy • three parameters: checking them against our predetermined threshold values • Determining the threshold • Microcontroller/software system • Other possible challenges: • Climate conditions • Sweat evaporation • Compact size Responsibilities • Wes Bellman - developing and integrating heart rate sensing • Matt West - researching and developing the conductivity sensor • Kevin Mason - body temperature sensing • Lorraine Novak: • With Matt – microfluidic for sweat collection for analysis of sodium conductivity • With Kevin - development of the microcontroller system • Faculty Advisor: Dr. Mansoor Nasir • Technical Advisor(s): Professor Ken Cook, Dr. Yawen Li Discussion References • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • "Heat Illness." Heat Illness. NCAA, 27 Aug. 2012. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.ncaa.org/wps/wcm/connect/public/NCAA/Health and Safety/Heat Illness/Heat Illness>. Brady, Erik. "Heat-related Illness Still Deadly Problem for Athletes." USATODAY.COM. USA Today, 15 Sept. 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/2011-08-15-heat-stroke-still-causing-death-in-athletes_n.htm>. Staff, Mayo Clinic. "Dehydration." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 07 Jan. 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dehydration/DS00561/DSECTION=symptoms>. Staff, Mayo Clinic. "Heat Stroke." Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 02 Sept. 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heat-stroke/DS01025/DSECTION=symptoms>. Moris, Deirdre, Benjamin Schazmann, Yangzhe Wu, Shirley Coyle, Sarah Brady, Jer Hayes, Conor Slater, Cormac Fay, King Tong Lau, Gordn Wallace, and Dermot Diamond. "Bio-sensing Textiles for Real-time Chemical Analysis of Body Fluids." Coyle, Shirley, King-Tong Lau, Niall Moyna, Donal O' Gorman, Dermot Diamond, and Fabio Di Francesco. "BIOTEX—Biosensing Textiles for Personalised Healthcare Management." IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMEDICINE 14.2 (2010): 364-70. Print. "Hyponatremia: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia." U.S National Library of Medicine. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 29 May 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000394.htm>. "Salt and the Athlete." Salt and the Athlete. Rice University, Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.rice.edu/~jenky/sports/salt.html>. "Exercise Symptoms, Causes, Treatment - What Should My Heart Rate Be During Exercise? on MedicineNet." MedicineNet.com. MedicineNet, Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.medicinenet.com/exercise/page4.htm>. Cavazos, Miguel. "Fast Heart Rate During Exercise." LIVESTRONG.COM. LIVESTRONG, 14 June 2011. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://www.livestrong.com/article/403929-fast-heart-rate-during-exercise/>. Kitamura, Kei-Ichiro, Xin Zhu, Wenxi Chen, and Tetsu Nemoto. "Development of a New Method for the Noninvasive Measurement of Deep Body Temperature without a Heater." Medical Engineering & Physics 32.1 (2010): 1-6. Print. Casillas, Carlos. "Heart Rate Monitor and Electrocardiograph Fundamentals." Freescale Semiconductor (2010): 1-21. Print. Cummings, Jesslyn. "An Introduction to Heart Rate Monitors." About.com Running & Jogging. N.p., 27 June 2007. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. <http://running.about.com/od/gear/p/heartratemonitr.htm>. Moritz, M. L.; Ayus, J. C. (2003). "The pathophysiology and treatment of hyponatraemic encephalopathy: An update". 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