October 23, 2013 Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Kingdom Size DNA structure Chromosomes Reproduction Multicellular Membranebound organelles Respiration 1 October 23, 2013 Fungus Kingdom Latticed Stinkhorn (Clathrus ruber ) Genus: Morechella (True Morels) 2 October 23, 2013 Learning Goals 3 October 23, 2013 Fungi were once members of the plant kingdom. Some similarities include: 4 October 23, 2013 However, fungi evolved in a separate direction. These differences include: Plants Fungi Autotrophs (have chlorophyll) Starch is the main storage molecule Have few or no storage molecules 5 October 23, 2013 Fungi are mostly a mesh of microscopic branching filaments that usually live on or below the surface. Branching filaments are called __________________________. The visible part of fungi are the reproductive parts. Digestion is _____________________ nutrients are digested _________________ before being absorbed by the hyphae. Fungi release __________________ into the surrounding environment, breaking down organic matter. 6 October 23, 2013 There is a ____________________ relationship between fungi and plants. Fungi help the plant absorb nutrients, and in return the fungi obtain glucose from the plant! This symbiotic relationship is called a ____________________ _________________ . Positive Roles of Fungi Negative Roles of Fungi: • Crop parasites 7 October 23, 2013 Reproduction Fungi reproduce by releasing ___________________ from a ________________ body. The fruit, called a ________________________ , releases spores into the air where the wind carries the spores off to start the next generation. There are approximately _________________________ species of fungi which are divided into _____ phyla. The groupings are mostly based on their reproductive organ characteristics. 8 October 23, 2013 Basidiomycota mushrooms we usually think of Genera include: Agaricus (supermarket variety of button mushrooms), Amanita (incl. species that are deadly (Amanita phalloides) ) Ascomycota Examples: Elfin Saddles (Helvella lacunose), Cup Fungi (Peizizaceae) Brewers, Bakers, and Nutritional Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) help us produce staples such as beer and bread. 9 October 23, 2013 Fly Cap (Amanita muscaria ) Death Cap (Amanita phalloides) 10 October 23, 2013 Elfin Saddles (Helvella lacunose) Family Cup Fungi (Peizizaceae) 11 October 23, 2013 Mycophycophyta Examples: Zygomycota Examples: Deuteromycota Examples: 12 October 23, 2013 British Soldier Lichen (Cladonia macilenta ) Foliose (leaf like) Lichen 13 October 23, 2013 Black Bread Mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) Athletes Foot (Trichophyton) Penicillin (Penicllium) 14
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