SC.10.09.05.02 COMPARING AND CONTRASTING Waves SC.10.09.05.02 Preassessment 1. Which is true about mechanical waves? a. they all have longer wavelengths than radio waves b. they move slower through water than through air c. they include infrared waves and sound waves d. they include water waves and seismic waves e. they all resonate at the same frequency 2. Which is true about electromagne<c waves? a. they all have shorter wavelengths than light b. they can travel through a vacuum c. they include ultraviolet and seismic waves d. they all have the same amplitude e. they refract but do not reflect 3. How is a transverse wave different from a longitudinal wave? a. it moves perpendicular to the direc<on of the wave b. it moves in the same direc<on as the wave c. it consists of compressions and rarefac<ons d. it has a shorter wavelength e. it has a longer frequency 4. Which list gives the proper order from longer to shorter wavelength? a. radio wave, gamma ray, microwave b. gamma ray, x ray, ultraviolet c. microwave, infrared, visible light d. visible light, ultraviolet, radio wave e. microwave, ultraviolet, radio wave 5. How are visible light and radio waves similar? a. they are transverse waves b. they are longitudinal waves c. they have the same wavelength d. they have the same frequency e. they cannot move through a vacuum 1 SC.10.09.05.02 Learning Target SC.10.09.05.02 Compares and contrasts different types of waves Connec<ons with other science learning targets: ✦ SC.10.09.03.01 addresses closely related content ✦ SC.10.11.10.01 pairs with this learning target if the learner designs an experiment while learning this content Big Picture Vibra<ons in materials set up wavelike disturbances that spread away from the source. Sound and earthquake waves are examples. These and other waves move at different speeds in different materials. Wave behavior can be described in terms of how fast the disturbance spreads, and in terms of the distance between successive peaks of the disturbance (the wavelength). The energy of waves (like any form of energy) can be changed into other forms of energy. Waves can superpose on one another, bend around corners, reflect off surfaces, be absorbed by materials they enter, and change direc<on when entering a new material. All of these effects vary with wavelength. Light acts like a wave in many ways. And waves can explain how light behaves. Light from the sun is made up of many different colors of light, even though to the eye the light looks almost white. Something can be “seen” when light waves emiTed or reflected by it enter the eye -‐-‐ just as something can be “heard” when sound waves from it enter the ear. Human eyes respond to only a narrow range of wavelengths of electromagne<c waves -‐-‐ visible light. Differences of wavelength within that range are perceived as differences of color. Accelera<ng electric charges produce electromagne<c waves around them. A great variety of radia<ons are the electromagne<c waves: radio waves, microwaves, radiant heat, visible light, ultraviolet radia<on, x-‐rays, and gamma rays. These wavelengths vary from radio waves, the longest, to gamma rays, the shortest. In empty space, all electromagne<c waves move at the same speed -‐-‐ the “speed of light.” Adapted from: NSDL Science Literacy Maps (http://strandmaps.nsdl.org) 2 SC.10.09.05.02 Vocabulary and Concepts amplitude mechanical wave sound wave compression microwave standing wave crest period transverse wave diffrac<on pulse trough electromagne<c spectrum radiant heat ultraviolet radia<on electromagne<c waves radio wave visible light frequency rarefac<on water wave gamma rays reflec<on wavelength light waves refrac<on x-‐rays longitudinal wave seismic wave Key Concept 1: Waves transfer energy without transferring ma3er. Key Concept 2: Waves have characteris6c shapes and proper6es. 3 SC.10.09.05.02 Key Concept 3: The waves of the electromagne6c spectrum can pass through space. Key Concept 4: Mechanical waves, such as water waves, seismic waves, and sound waves cannot pass through space; they pass through ma3er. 4 Learning Guidelines SC.10.09.05.02 Score 2.0 Learning Tasks Iden<fy the wavelength of a wave Resources Assessment Ideas P -‐ Integrated Science pp. 195-‐197 W -‐ Amplitude presenta<on W -‐ Frequency presenta<on W -‐ Wavelength presenta<on W -‐ Introduc>on to Waves vodcast • Wave Characteris>cs flash cards or Cornell notes • Integrated Science Prac>ce Book pp. 53-‐54 • Wave Characteris>cs Quiz Recognize that waves move at different speeds in different materials P -‐ Integrated Science pp. 198-‐199; 218-‐220 W -‐ What is a Wave? presenta<on • Integrated Science Prac>ce Book pp. 57 Dis<nguish between longitudinal and transverse waves P -‐ Integrated Science pp. 198 W -‐ Longitudinal Wave video W -‐ Transverse Wave video • Integrated Science Prac>ce Book pp. 55 Iden<fy the types of electromagne<c waves P -‐ Integrated Science pp. 216-‐217 W -‐ Tour of the Electromagne>c Spectrum vodcasts • EM Spectrum flash cards • Integrated Science Prac>ce Book pp. 57 • EM Waves & Wavelengths Describe the characteris<cs of light waves P -‐ Integrated Science pp. • Light Waves flash cards 221-‐232; 236-‐254 • Integrated Science Prac>ce W -‐ Tour of the EMS 05 -‐-‐ Visible Book pp. 59-‐68 Light Waves vodcast Describe the characteris<cs of sound waves P -‐ Integrated Science pp. • Sound Waves flash cards 198-‐202 • Integrated Science Prac>ce W -‐ Design Squad: Sound vodcast Book pp. 55-‐56 Describe the characteris<cs of seismic waves P -‐ Integrated Science pp. 832-‐833 Earth Science pp. 498-‐499 W -‐ Earthquake: The Seismograph vodcast • Seismic Waves flash cards or Cornell notes Describe the characteris<cs of water waves P -‐ Ocean pp. 76-‐77 P -‐ Essen>als of Oceanography pp. 246-‐251 W -‐ What is a Wave? animated presenta<on W -‐ Observe an Anima>on of Wave Mo>on anima<on • Water Waves flash cards or Cornell notes Iden<fy the period of a wave Iden<fy the frequency of a wave Iden<fy the amplitude of a wave P = paper resource W = wiki resource (wiki.adams50.org) 5 SC.10.09.05.02 Score 3.0 Rubric Knowledge categories to be assessed Similari<es among all waves: ✓Common characteris<cs of all waves ✓Common characteris<cs of all EM waves ✓Common characteris<cs of all mechanical waves Differences between waves: ✓How longitudinal and transverse waves differ ✓How EM and mechanical waves differ ✓Contras<ng aspects of... • light waves • sound waves • seismic waves • water waves Proficient Advanced Proficient score under tes<ng Advanced score under tes<ng condi<ons on Wave condi<ons on Wave Assessment Assessment -‐-‐ AND -‐-‐ Two addi<onal pieces of evidence involving the knowledge categories ✓Include similari<es & differences ✓ Properly use wave vocabulary ✓Show basic knowledge of wave concepts -‐-‐ OR -‐-‐ An addi<onal piece of evidence involving any of the knowledge categories which meets Score 4.0 Standards Score 4.0 Standards Accuracy There are no inaccuracies ✓factually correct ✓no conceptual errors ✓no misrepresenta>on Personal Input All work represented has been personalized ✓no plagiarism ✓sources properly cited Academic Connec<on All work represented <es to the standard ✓age-‐appropriate ✓on topic ✓academically rigorous Appropriate Output There are no quality issues ✓wri>ng conven>ons ✓coherence ✓completeness ✓neatness 6 SC.10.09.05.02 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. D B A C A Preassessment Answer Key:
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