Element Project

Element Project
Created By: Travis Wieland
Period 7
Physical Science
Hydrogen - H
Hydrogen has one valence electron.
Hydrogen’s atomic number is 1.
Hydrogen forms a +1 cation.
4 Facts
Hydrogen reacts quickly with oxygen.
Hydrogen is colorless.
About 75% of the element mass of the universe is
Hydrogen.
Most hydrogen is used for processing fossil fuels.
Group 1- Alkali Metals
Group 1 elements have 1 valence electrons.
Group 1 elements form +1 cations.
Group 1 elements are soft,shiny, and react violently with
water.
Potassium - K
Potassium is in group 1 because it has one valence
electron.
Potassium’s atomic number is 19.
4 Facts
Potassium is an Alkali Metal.
Potassium emits a violet flame color when burned.
Potassium is highly reactive.
You will NEVER find Potassium in its Pure form.
Group 2 - Alkaline-Earth Metals
Group 2 elements has 2 valence electrons.
Group 2 elements form +2 cations.
Group 2 elements are less reactive than group 1 elements.
Radium - Ra
Radium is in group 2 because it has 2 valence electrons.
Radium’s atomic number is 88.
4 Facts
Radiums Melting point is 1,292 F (699.8 C)
Its color is metallic.
Located in period 7.
Radium was discovered in France (1898)
Groups 3-12 - Transition Metals
Electrons can vary depending on the element.
They lose electrons to form positive ions.
They are MUCH less reactive than groups 1 and 2.
Iron - Fe
Iron’s atomic number is 26
Iron is in groups 3-12 because it can lose electrons to form
a positive bond.
4 Facts
Irons color is a metallic or greyish tinge.
Iron is in group 8.
Iron is also located in period 4.
Iron is in the d-block.
Group 13 - Boron Family
Group 13 elements have 3 valence electrons.
Group 13 elements form +3 cations.
Atomic radius increases down the group.
Aluminium - Al
Aluminium’s atomic number is 13.
Aluminium is in Group 13 because it has 3 valence
electrons.
4 Facts
Aluminium is the most common metal in the Earth’s outer
layer.
Aluminium is also found in cans,foil, and siding.
Aluminium is in period 3.
Aluminiums color is silvery and its located in the p-block.
Group 14 - Carbon Family
Group 14 elements have 4 valence electrons.
Group 14 elements don’t form any ions they form covalent
bonds.
All elements of Group 14 and form 4 bonds, the most of
any family.
Carbon - C
Carbon is in Group 14 because they have 4 valence
electrons.
Carbon’s atomic number is 6.
4 Facts
Carbon in its pure form is graphite or diamond.
Carbon is found in all living substances.
Carbon is in period 3.
Carbon in the human body is the second most abundant
element in mass right after oxygen.
Group 15 - Nitrogen Family
Group 15 elements have 5 valence electrons.
Group 15 elements form an anion with a -3 charge.
The atomic radii is increased in size as you go down the
group.
Arsenic - As
Arsenic’s atomic number is 33.
Arsenic is in group 15 because it has 5 valence electrons.
4 Facts
Arsenic is in period 4.
Melting Point: 1,502.6 F (817 C)
Discovered: 2500BC
Boiling Point: 1,117.4 F (603 C)
Group 16 - Oxygen Family
Group 16 elements have 6 valence electrons.
Group 16 elements form -2 anions.
Can also be called the Chalcogen Family.
Oxygen - O
Oxygen's atomic number is 8.
Oxygen is in group 16 because it has 6 valence electrons.
4 Facts
Oxygen is in period 2.
Most common elements on Earth's outer layer.
Melting Point: Minus 361.82 F (Minus 218.79 C)
Its a Gas at room temperature.
Group 17 - Halogen Family
Group 17 elements have 7 valence electrons.
Group 17 elements form -1 anions.
Group 17 elements react most readily with alkali to form
white solids known as salts.
Fluorine - F
Fluorine’s atomic number is 9.
Fluorine is in group 17 because it has 7 valence electrons.
4 Facts
Fluorine is the most electronegative and reactive
element.
Fluorine’s atomic weight is 18.9984032.
Melting Point: -363.41 F (-219.67 C)
Fluorine comes from the french and latin word fluere
which means flux or flow.
Group 18 - Noble Gas
Noble Gases have 8 valence electrons.
Noble Gases are pure and don’t form ions.
All elements in this category are gases.
Neon - Ne
Neon’s atomic number is 10.
Neon is in group 18 because it has 8 valence electrons.
4 Facts
Neon is in period 2.
Atomic Weight: 20.1797.
Neon is colorless.
Neon is in the p-block.
Lanthanides - Pulled out of the d-block
Lanthanides valence electrons can not be predicted.
Some Lanthanides are used in the production of steel and
glass.
Lanthanides have unpredicted cations.
Lanthanum - La
Lanthanum’s atomic number is 57.
Lanthanum has unpredicted cations. (Why its in the group)
4 Facts
Lanthanum is in the f-block.
Lanthanum is in period 6.
Lanthanum is a solid.
Melting Point: 1193K (920 C) (1688 F)
Actinides - Pulled out of the d-block
Actinides valence electrons can not be predicted.
Actinides have unpredicted cations.
All actinides are radioactive.
Actinium - Ac
Actinium’s atomic number is 89.
Actinium has an unpredicted cations. (Why its in the
group)
4 Facts
Silvery-White glowing with blue.
Its in group N.
Located in a,f-block.
It is a solid.

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