WACHAQUE 13. MOSTRA INTERNAZIONALE DI ARCHITETTURA - LA BIENNALE DI VENEZIA SUPERSUDACA The site of the project is a 300m square plot in the Sechura Desert, North of Peru. With the on-going Olmos Irrigation Project, a neigbhoring area will be irrigated covering nearly 40,000 hectares of plains where the land may be dry – because the average rainfall there is 215 mm per year – but the soil is fertile, the sun shines all year round, and the low relative humidity helps keep pests away. it is one of the few places on the planet where you can literally grow anything. In the medium and long term, the area will become an agribusiness hub by attracting new businesses and a massive flow of migrants. This is a reflection on how could we possibly host those persons. SITE Continuos high solar radiation makes the Olmos desert -only 5º South of the equator- an ideal place for the installment of solar panels. Solar panels in the roof can capture that radiation you don´t want to have over your head in the middle of a desert. SUNROOF COVER Huaca Cao, (300dc-850dc) Mochica’s millenary adobe walls and ceremonial square -once unearthed- are covered to protect them from sun’s radiation, eroding wind and the eventual heavy rains of El Nino. Excessive exposure towards sun’s radiation constitutes one of the main risk factors for the crops. Use of shadow-mesh helps controlling the amount of sunlight reaching the plants. It also allows diminishing wind speed and serves as protection against animals (birds, some insects, etc.) Pacatnamu (100dC-1370dC) As in other ancient urban structures in the Moche territory, walls enclose the citadel. ENCLOSURE Lima today. Gates proliferate in the city, fragmenting public space by enclosing entire neighbourhoods for security reasons. Collaterally they reinforce bonds between neighbours consolidating communities. (C. Alexander’s ‘Mosaic of Subcultures’ pattern?) Huaca de la Luna (500dC-800dC) Every wall is exuberantly covered by colorful murals depicting Mochica stories. FRAMED EXUBERANCE Chiclayo. Streets feature programmatic diversity showcased through exuberant facades. Uninhibited expression of individuality. Chicha! SHADED PUBLIC SPACE San Pedro de Lloc. Fresh alameda shaded by centennial ficus trees. The most qualified public space around. Moche House. Covered patios become the place where crafters gather for their chores. San Isidro parks constitute some of the most sought after residential areas in Peru due to its green core for views and protected leisure opportunities. GREEN CORE Barrio Obrero (1930s) Welfare state collective housing projects included popular green recreational areasat the core of the block DESERT CULTIVATION Large hidraulic projects in the desertic coast of Peru since 1990s have triggered the emergence of a powerful agroindustry on high yield crops, dramatically transforming the landscape and the economy. Mochica civilization based its flourishment in the irrigation of their fertile desert land and the innovation of agricultural techniques. WACHAQUE The ancient Mochica civilization managed to cultivate in the desert by creating enclosed fields where humidity was stored and crops were protected from the sand. Similarly, today in the Olmos desert, a new kind of Wachaque could be created. This time to cultivate urbanity WACHAQUE 1 2 3 1. SUNROOF -PV cells producing 9MW of clean energy 2. COVER -PE raschel net shadowing 50% sun radiation -Sprinkler system for irrigation and air moisturizing -LED city lightning system 3. SHADED PUBLIC SPACE 1 -Elevated collective terrace for city views 4. ENCLOSURE -Neighbourhood generation 5. FRAMED EXUBERANCE -Density 400 inh/Ha -Maximum dwelling typologies for social mix -Units from 50m2 to 300m2 -Laissez-faire facade for max. individual expression 6. SHADED PUBLIC SPACE 2 -Open-public-pedestrian-covered-ventilated street 7. GREEN CORE -20m2 of green area per inhabitants 8. DESERT CULTIVATION -9 Ha. of productive urban farmland (asparagus,mango, avocado, grape, paprika) -Pesticide-free agriculture guaranteed due to dwellings proximity 4 5 6 7 8 5 7 8 1. SUNROOF -PV cells producing 9MW of clean energy 2. COVER -PE raschel net shadowing 50% sun radiation -Sprinkler system for irrigation and air moisturizing -LED city lightning system 3. SHADED PUBLIC SPACE 1 -Elevated collective terrace for city views 5. FRAMED EXUBERANCE -Density 400 inh/Ha -Maximum dwelling typologies for social mix -Units from 50m2 to 300m2 -Laissez-faire facade for max. individual expression 6. SHADED PUBLIC SPACE 2 -Open-public-pedestrian-covered-ventilated street 7. GREEN CORE -20m2 of green area per inhabitants 8. DESERT CULTIVATION -9 Ha. of productive urban farmland (asparagus,mango, avocado, grape, paprika) -Pesticide-free agriculture guaranteed due to dwellings proximity 1 2 3 5 5 6 6 5 5. FRAMED EXUBERANCE - Density 400 inh/Ha - Maximum dwelling typologies for social mix - Units from 50m2 to 300m2 - Laissez-faire facade for max. individual expression 1 2 3 8 9 10 14 15 16 1. OB+RA 2. GARCIA MILLA-LEON ARQUITECTOS 3. BARCLAY & CROUSSE 4. CARLOS PESTANA ARQUITECTOS 5. SEINFELD ARQUITECTOS 6. ARTADI ARCHITECTS 7. DAVID MUTAL 8. VICCA VERDE 9. NÓMENA 10. BARACCO ASOCIADOS 4 17 5 6 7 11 12 13 18 19 20 11. 51-1 12. CLAUDIA UCCELLI + OUA 13. BRAGAGNINI ARQUITECTOS 14. CARLOS PALOMINO 15. LLOSA/CORTEGANA 16. METROPOLIS 17. K+M 18. POGGIONE + BIONDI ARQUITECTOS 19. GONZALEZ MOIX ARQUITECTOS 20. LONGHI ARCHITECTS In 2012, a 20km tunnel crossed the Andes for the first time, taking water from the Amazon basin to the Pacific coastal desert, in the North of Peru. The Olmos hydraulic megaproject extends the agricultural frontier and demands nearly 250,000 jobs. This new scenario requires the imminent construction of a new city in the desert, the same territory of ancient Moche civilization (100AD800AD). Based upon this urgent need, 20 Peruvian architectural firms gathered to think, discuss and explore the architectural and urban design principles of this new city. This constitutes the Peruvian entry at the 13th Mostra Internazionale Di Architettura La Biennale Di Venezia. WACHAQUE, the proposal by 51-1 Supersudaca is explained in this booklet. PROJECT TEAM: Manuel de Rivero, Cesar Becerra, Fernando Puente Arnao & Juan Pablo Corvalan with Sara Gagliarini, Favio Chumpitaz, Eduardo Acuña April - July 2012 SUPERSUDACA
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