Chapter 7: Network-Attached Storage

Section 2 : Storage Networking Technologies and Virtualization
Network-Attached Storage
Chapter 7
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The #1 Certification Program in the information storage
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Chapter Objectives
After completing this chapter, you will be able to:
o Describe NAS, its benefits and components
o Discuss different NAS implementations
o Describe NAS file-sharing protocols
o Discuss NAS management options
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File Sharing Environment
o File system is a structured way of storing and organizing data
files
o File Sharing
o Storing and accessing data files over network
o File system must be mounted in order to access files
o Traditional client/server model, implemented with file-sharing
protocols for remote file sharing
o Example: FTP, CIFS (also known as SMB), NFS, DFS
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File Sharing Technology Evolution
Stand Alone PC
Portable Media
for File Sharing
Networked PCs
Network Attached Storage (NAS)
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Networked File Sharing
What is NAS ?
NAS is shared storage on a network infrastructure
Clients
Application
Server
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Print
Server
NAS Device
General Purpose Servers vs. NAS Devices
Applications
File System
Print Drivers
Operating System
File System
Network
Operating System
Network
Single Function
NAS Device
General Purpose Servers
(Windows or UNIX)
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•
Dedicated for file-serving
•
Uses real-time OS dedicated for fileserving purpose
Benefits of NAS
o Support comprehensive access to information
o Improves efficiency – uses special purpose OS
o Improved flexibility – platform independent
o Centralizes storage
o Simplifies management
o Scalability
o High availability – provide redundant components
o Provides security integration to environment (user
authentication and authorization)
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Components of NAS
UNIX
NFS
Network Interface
NAS Head
NFS
IP
CIFS
NAS Device OS
Storage Interface
CIFS
Windows
Storage Array
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NAS File Sharing Protocols
o Two common NAS file sharing protocols are:
o NFS – Network File System protocol
o Traditional UNIX environment file sharing protocol
o CIFS – Common Internet File System protocol
o Traditional Microsoft environment file sharing protocol, based upon the Server
Message Block protocol
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Network File System (NFS)
o Client/server application
o Uses RPC mechanisms over TCP protocol
o Mount points grant access to remote hierarchical file
structures for local file system structures
o Access to the mount can be controlled by permissions
Additional Task
Research on NFS & CIFS
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NAS File Sharing - CIFS
o Common Internet File System
o Developed by Microsoft in 1996
o An enhanced version of the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol
o Stateful Protocol
o Can automatically restore connections and reopen files that were open prior to
interruption
o Operates at the Application/Presentation layer of the OSI model
o Most commonly used with Microsoft operating systems, but is platformindependent
o CIFS runs over TCP/IP and uses DNS (Domain Naming Service) for name
resolution
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NAS I/O
2
Application
Storage Interface
Operating System
Network Protocol
I/O Redirect
NAS Operating System
NFS / CIFS
TCP/IP Stack
Client uses
file I/O
1
Network Interface
NFS / CIFS
TCP/IP Stack
Network Interface
4
Client
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IP Network
NAS Device
3
Block I/O to
storage device
Storage Array
NAS Implementations
Integrated NAS
IP
NAS Device
Gateway NAS
IP
FC SAN
NAS Head
Storage Array
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Integrated NAS Connectivity
Clients
Application Server
IP
Integrated NAS System
Application Server
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Gateway NAS Connectivity
Additional Task
Research on suitable environments
for implementing Integrated &
Gateway NAS
Application Server
Client
IP
FC SAN
Client
Application Server
Storage Array
Client
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NAS Gateway
Hosting and Accessing Files on the NAS
Steps to host a file system:
o Create an array volume
o Assign volume to NAS device
o Create a file system on the volume
o Mount the file system
o Access the file system
o Use NFS in UNIX environment
o Execute mount/nfsmount command
o Use CIFS in windows environment
o Map the network drive as:
\\Account1\Act_Rep
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NAS Management
o Most ship with vendor management software
o Have unique management issues
o Require preliminary analysis
o Need additional complementary software
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Managing NAS Environments
o Managing an Integrated System
o Both NAS component and the storage array are managed via NAS
management software
o Managing a Gateway System
o NAS component managed via NAS management software
o Storage array managed via array management software
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Traditional File Server Environment – Example 1
Internal Users
Business Clients
Surfers, Shoppers
IP
Windows
File Server
Web Database
Transaction
Mission
Critical
Servers
FC SAN
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UNIX File
Server
Storage Consolidation with NAS
Internal Users
Surfers, Shoppers
Business Clients
LAN/WAN
NAS
Head
Database
Transaction
Mission
Critical
Servers
FC SAN
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Traditional File Server Environment – Example 2
UNIX
NT
W2K
IP
UNIX
Windows
General purpose OS serving files via
FTP, CIFS, NFS, HTTP. . .
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Server Consolidation with NAS
NAS
IP
UNIX
Windows
General purpose OS serving files via
FTP, CIFS, NFS, HTTP. . .
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Chapter Summary
o Key topics covered in this chapter:
o NAS Benefits
o NAS Components
o NAS File Sharing Protocols
o CIFS and NFS
o NAS Implementation
o Integrated NAS
o Gateway NAS
o Hosting and Accessing File on NAS
o NAS Management
o NAS Examples
Additional Task
Research on factors affecting NAS
Performance, Virtual LUN & Jumbo
Frames
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Check your Knowledge
o What is the difference between an Integrated and Gateway
NAS solution?
o Which NAS type would you deploy if you already have a SAN
and storage array?
o Which NAS type is the simplest to deploy?
o Which file serving environments typically uses CIFS and NFS?
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