Agriculture and Energy Efficiency MINUTES of the

Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
MINUTES
of the NATIONAL STAKEHOLDERS MEETING (NSM)
in GREECE
Venue:
Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Iera Odos 75, 11855, Athens, Greece
Organising Team:
Prof. Demetres Briasoulis
Ass. Prof. Panagiotis Panagakis
Dr. Athanasios Balafoutis
Mr. Dimitrios Giannopoulos
Event:
Energy Efficiency Measures in Greek Agriculture
Date:
13 February, 2013
Program
9:00 – 9:30: Registration – coffee/tea
Part I
9:30 - 10:00: Presentation of the AGREE project
Moderator: Prof. Demetres Briassoulis
Welcome of participants (Prof. Briassoulis)
Introduction in the AGREE project (Prof. Briassoulis)
General information on AGREE project and overview of its results based on the AGREE reports (State of
the Art and Energy Savings Measures list) were presented.
Presentation of the meeting goals (Prof. Briassoulis)
1)
Explore the long-term views (including the R&D point of view) on energy efficiency in agriculture
of the participating stakeholders.
2)
Synthesize the views in groups and make the first step towards establishing a national coalition
of actors which can promote national policies on energy efficiency in agriculture.
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Figure 1: Participants in the Greek national stakeholders meeting in AUA
Self-presentation of participants
There were 25 invitations sent to potential stakeholders (see Annex I for the invitation in Greek). 18
persons (15 stakeholders and 3 AGREE team members) took part at the meeting (list of participants
attached in Annex II). The participants represented a broad spectrum of sectors:

Government (representatives of two directories of the Greek Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development) (3)

Farmer’s cooperatives (2)

Agricultural Business Consultants (1)

Farmers (4) – greenhouses (2) – arable farming, olive groves, sheep production (1),
vineyards (1)

Research institutions (1)

Enterprises (2)

NGOs (1)

Specific press (1)

AGREE team (3)
Part II
10:15 – 11:00: Discussion on energy efficiency in agriculture in the long-term perspective
(2040)
Moderator: Prof. Demetres Briassoulis
Facilitator: Dr. Thanos Balafoutis
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Vision of the stakeholders in terms of energy efficiency in future agriculture
A PowerPoint presentation was used to start the procedure and have the opinion of the stakeholders. The
facilitator asked the question: “Imagine that in 2040, Agriculture is energy efficient. How does it look
like?”. He gave the participants 5 minutes to work on couples and get back to him with 3 keywords per
couple.
Figure 2: Keywords on agriculture of 2040 received from the participating stakeholders
Each couple gave 3 keywords, which were written at the flip over chart. Finally, the list of keywords
representing each stakeholder’s view of the future agriculture in EU was established (Annex III). Having
the list pined on the wall, an analysis of main keywords was executed from the moderator and the
facilitator together with the stakeholders.
1)
Precision farming was mentioned from 4 couples, showing the importance of sustainable and
rational use of inputs in the future agricultural systems. It was mentioned though that farms in
Greece are extremely small (average 4.2 ha) for applying precision farming technologies.
2)
Renewable Energy Sources (RES) development within the farms was mentioned from 3 couples,
showing the potential that RES have to be included in the sources that provide energy to the
farms.
3)
Farm energy autonomy (2 participating stakeholders’ couples) and energy reuse (also 2
stakeholders’ couples) were given as concrete actions for the future agriculture. It was
mentioned during the analysis that these two keywords are very closely related and could be
given under a common title such as “energy autonomy will be based on energy recycling of
agricultural by-products”. It was also noticed that RES is also very closely related to the above 2
keywords and together show that the stakeholders envisage energy self-sustained agricultural
systems producing various commodities.
4)
Stakeholders would like to see future farming using high quality agricultural equipment
(increased work efficiency through technological applications)
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
5)
Lifelong learning was mentioned by 2 couples, however when it was written on the flip-over
board most of the participants agreed that farmers’ lifelong learning will be a pillar for an energy
efficient agriculture in 2040.
6)
Ecological aspects were also given by the participants, showing their interest in a sustainable
and eco-respective future agriculture.
Part III
11:15 – 12:15: Discussion on bottlenecks and opportunities to implement energy efficiency in
future agriculture
Moderator: Prof. Demetres Briassoulis
Facilitator: Dr. Thanos Balafoutis
Bottlenecks and opportunities to achieve energy efficient agriculture
The presentation continued with the question raised by the facilitator: “What hinders/stimulates an
energy efficient agriculture?”. He gave the participants 3 minutes to work individually and get back to
him with as many opportunities and bottlenecks they could.
Figure 3: Bottlenecks/opportunities to achieve energy efficient agriculture
The procedure started with the facilitator attempting to combine similar bottlenecks given by the
stakeholders. The ultimate goal was to get at least 25 bottlenecks and 25 opportunities, using the
method of “pressure cooker”, meaning pressing the participants to do so in a short time. The participants
responded very well to the procedure and ended up with 27 opportunities and 36 bottlenecks (see Annex
IV and V for the total list of opportunities and bottlenecks, respectively). The first remark by only looking
at the numbers of opportunities and bottlenecks is that Greek stakeholders find a lot of barriers in their
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
attempt to implement innovative techniques and energy efficient methods of production in agriculture,,
but at the same time see a lot of opportunities to realize such techniques in the near future.
Opportunities:
The most important opportunities sorted out in the final list are the ones below:
1)
Economic crisis
2)
Technology development and use
3)
Internet – blogs – information access
4)
Environmental awareness (producer – consumer)
5)
EU policies in favor to environment
These results positively surprised the stakeholders as the economic crisis was considered by the majority
as an opportunity to improve the agricultural production in Greece focusing in energy efficiency. It was
commented that the economic crisis can potentially promote new ideas, given that the business methods
in use up-to-date were proven incompetent in promoting an energy efficient agriculture. The
stakeholders commented that it is inevitable to improve agricultural practices based on energy efficiency
and sustainability and produce high quality products.
Exploitation of high technology and internet development were also reflected as significant energy
efficiency opportunities in Greek agriculture. This was mainly based on the fact that farming in Greece is
based on traditional practices and agricultural business is mainly run by intermediates which take
advantage of farmers. If farmers (or cooperatives of farmers) were using high technology in the
production (i.e. lower inputs, better energy and labor efficiency, improved product quality) and internet
to follow product pricing and market demand (improve final income of the farm), then energy efficiency
measures would be applied easier and faster.
Finally, environmental awareness and policies in favor of environment could become great opportunities
for energy efficiency measures to be applied, since environmental protection during agricultural
production is directly connected to energy inputs.
Bottlenecks:
The most important ones (mentioned by a number of participants) were:
1)
Lack of efficient central planning
2)
Lack of cooperation
3)
Lack of information availability
4)
Economic crisis
5)
Bureaucracy
It is worth noticing that three of the five (efficient central planning, economic crisis, bureaucracy) are
directly connected to the main government. According to the stakeholders’ opinion all three significantly
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
hinder the attempts of the agricultural business community (i.e. farmers, cooperatives, enterprises,
investors) to introduce a new model of agriculture, including energy efficiency measures.
Lack of cooperation was mentioned as a significant bottleneck from 9 stakeholders, showing that Greek
agriculture is based on private businesses not being interested for the benefit of all and thus resulting in
a negative effect on the total agricultural economy. Throughout the discussion it was pointed out that
Greek agriculture could provide EU and world market with high quality unique products. Unfortunately,
this is not a priority for farmers as they do not cooperate to run business and establish marketing plans
for such products that would strengthen Greek agriculture presence in the market as high quality/high
price product provider.
Part IV
12:30 – 13:00: Prioritization of bottlenecks and opportunities to implement energy efficiency
in future agriculture
Moderator: Prof. Demetres Briassoulis
Facilitator: Dr. Thanos Balafoutis
The facilitator continued with the petition: “Please give priority to the most important opportunities and
bottlenecks from the available list”. The stakeholders were given 10 stickers and they were asked to use
5 (green color) for prioritizing the opportunities and 5 (red color) for prioritizing the bottlenecks.
All stakeholders used their 10 stickers and the final results were differentiated from the results shown in
Part III. The reason was that in Part III, the stakeholders were brainstorming and the result of that was
the keywords given for both opportunities and bottlenecks, whereas in Part IV they had in front of them
the result of brainstorming of all participants and they could select as priority a keyword that had not
think before.
Prioritization of opportunities
The most important priorities set were:
1)
Economic crisis
2)
Internet – blogs – information access
3)
Cooperation
4)
Technology development and use
5)
Products with protected name of origin
6)
Climate change
It is obvious that the economic crisis was kept on the first place of priority as the most important
opportunity a fact that shows that stakeholders of agriculture in Greece have identified that there is a
need to change if we want to achieve an energy efficient agriculture in the future. The same counts for
the internet and the easiness in information access.
However, cooperation was prioritized by many stakeholders (even if at first it was not mentioned by
many of the them in Part II), showing that most of the participants see the opportunity of altering the
way agricultural business is run in Greece (from individual to groups of farmers or cooperative).
Cooperation is also important between farmers and the research community in solving problems related
to item number 4: technology development and use. This brings forward to need to support research in
the field of energy efficiency in Agriculture.
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Another remark would be that products of protected name of origin were set as a significant opportunity.
This is within the global idea during the meeting that only high quality, unique products could boost
agricultural production and promote energy efficiency measures in the production line of such products
(increased income allows investment in new practices and equipment).
Prioritization of bottlenecks
The most important priorities set were:
1)
Lack of efficient central planning
2)
Lack of cooperation
3)
Small, fragmented farming land – farm size – economy of scale
4)
Lack of consulting services
5)
Cost of equipment
Lack of efficient central planning remained in first place of priority among bottlenecks, showing that all
stakeholders wait from the general government to use certain politics that will promote energy efficiency
in agriculture. It should be pointed out that this priority was set by the stakeholders with the comment
that it is not required to be combined with economic help from the government, but mainly using
legislative and management methods.
Cooperation was again set as important priority; with the stakeholders commenting that it might solve
most of the problems faced at the moment to achieve energy efficient agriculture. In particular, if
cooperation was to be applied widely in Greek agriculture, the stakeholders believed that it could solve
many of the bottlenecks given in Annex V.
Another important result was that Greek farms are very small in size, making energy efficiency measures
difficult to be applied mainly for economic (economy of scale), but also for technical reasons (e.g. many
fragments of land, unshaped fragments, etc).
Lack of consulting services is a cumulative result of the public and private sector in Greek agriculture.
Extension service offices of the Ministry of Rural Affairs and Food are weakened and they cannot offer
consulting services for some years now. Meanwhile, the private sector has taken over consultation, which
in many cases is not in line with energy efficient methods, but with sales of particular products. It was
mentioned that the best solution in the route to energy efficient agriculture would be a smooth
cooperation between the two sectors, with an active participation of the Universities. The last should
offer improved educational programs to provide both sectors with skilled scientists, connection to the real
needs of the public policy and the market requirements, and research targeting solution of problems that
hinder energy efficiency.
13:00 - 14:00: Lunch
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Annex I
Ενεργειακή Αποδοτικότητα στη Γεωργία
Energy Efficiency in Agriculture - AGREE
ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΗ
Το Γεωπονικό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών σας προσκαλεί σε συνάντηση εργασίας – συζήτηση που θα
πραγματοποιηθεί στο πλαίσιο του ευρωπαϊκού προγράμματος AGREE στην αίθουσα πολλαπλών
χρήσεων του Γεωπονικού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών.
Το πρόγραμμα AGREE 1 (http://www.agree.aua.gr) στοχεύει στην προώθηση σε Ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο
μέτρων βελτίωσης της ενεργειακής αποδοτικότητας στον τομέα της γεωργίας, η οποία μέχρι σήμερα δεν
έχει τύχει της δέουσας προσοχής, εκτός από τον τομέα των θερμοκηπιακών καλλιεργειών. Είναι γεγονός
ότι η χρήση ενέργειας στην γεωργία είναι παραμελημένο αντικείμενο έρευνας και ειδικά η έμμεση χρήση
ενέργειας, η οποία συνήθως δεν λαμβάνεται υπόψη σε αναλύσεις γεωργικών εφαρμογών.
Το πρόγραμμα AGREE έχει ως στόχο να αναδείξει το δυναμικό αύξησης της ενεργειακής αποδοτικότητας
σε βραχυχρόνιο στάδιο, αλλά και το αντίστοιχο δυναμικό σε μακροπρόθεσμη βάση. Οι περιβαλλοντικές
επιπτώσεις από την ελάττωση της χρήσης της άμεσης και της έμμεσης ενέργειας στη γεωργία θεωρούνται
αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι, αφού πιθανή αύξηση της ενεργειακής αποδοτικότητας συνεπάγεται επίσης μείωση
των εκπομπών αερίων του θερμοκηπίου.
Επειδή η εξοικονόμηση ενέργειας στη γεωργία εξαρτάται σε μεγάλο βαθμό από το αγρο-περιβάλλον
(κλίμα) και τη δομή της γεωργικής παραγωγής στο πρόγραμμα συμμετέχουν εταίροι που μεταφέρουν
τεχνογνωσία αγρο-παραγωγικών συστημάτων της Ν.Α., Ν.Δ., Β.Α. και Β.Δ. Ευρώπης. Τα στοιχεία από το
δυναμικό εξοικονόμησης ενέργειας και τις αντίστοιχες περιβαλλοντικές και οικονομικές επιπτώσεις σε
επίπεδο κάθε χώρας παρουσιάζονται συγκριτικά σε Ευρωπαϊκό επίπεδο για να προσδιοριστεί μια ατζέντα
για τη διακρατική συνεργασία σε σχέση με την διάδοση της γνώσης όσον αφορά την αποδοτική χρήση της
ενέργειας στη γεωργία.
Το πρόγραμμα βασίζεται στη συμμετοχική διαδικασία μέσω οργάνωσης συναντήσεων εργασίας σε εθνικό
επίπεδο με τη συμμετοχή ενδιαφερόμενων φορέων (stakeholders). Οι φορείς που προσκαλούνται θα
κληθούν να συμμετάσχουν στη διαμόρφωση της τελικής ημερήσιας διάταξης, η οποία θα εστιάζει στην
αξιοποίηση των αποτελεσμάτων της συζήτησης σε εθνικό επίπεδο. Ο στόχος είναι να συμπεριληφθούν οι
γνώμες και οι απόψεις των ενδιαφερόμενων φορέων έτσι ώστε να καταγραφούν οι ανάγκες και οι
ευκαιρίες από την εφαρμογή συγκεκριμένων προτεινόμενων μέτρων εξοικονόμησης ενέργειας στην
Ελληνική γεωργία.
Μια από τις μεθόδους διασφάλισης της εφαρμογής των μέτρων εξοικονόμησης ενέργειας στη γεωργία είναι
η σύνδεση με ένα ευρωπαϊκό δίκτυο ερευνητών (European Network for Advanced Engineering in
Agriculture and Environment - ENGAGE) που δεσμεύεται να προωθήσει τις προτάσεις των συναντήσεων
1
Ο κεντρικός στόχος του προγράμματος AGREE, είναι να θέσει στην ημερήσια διάταξη της
έρευνας την ενεργειακή αποδοτικότητα στον τομέα της γεωργίας με βάση τις
βραχυπρόθεσμες και μακροπρόθεσμες δυνατότητές της λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις σχετικές
οικονομικές και οικολογικές επιπτώσεις.
Το έργο υποστηρίζεται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή, μέσω του εβδόμου πλαισίου
στήριξης (FP7-KBBE-2011-5-289139).
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
στα κράτη που συμμετέχουν στο AGREE. Το δίκτυο αυτό είναι στενά συνδεδεμένο με την Ευρωπαϊκή
Εταιρεία Γεωργικών Μηχανικών (EuAgEng). Αυτή η σύνδεση θα διευκολύνει τη διαδικασία υιοθέτησης των
αποτελεσμάτων του προγράμματος από την ευρωπαϊκή επιτροπή. Επίσης, για να εξασφαλιστεί ότι τα
αποτελέσματα του AGREE θα προωθήσουν προγράμματα Ε&ΤΑ που σχετίζονται με την ενέργεια στη
γεωργία, έχει αναπτυχθεί μια στενή σχέση συνεργασίας με την ομάδα εργασίας για τη γεωργία και την
ενέργεια της Ε.Ε.. Αυτή η ομάδα είναι ενσωματωμένη στο Standing Committee on Agricultural Research
(SCAR) και το Knowledge Based Bio-Economy Network (KBBE-Net). Οι δράσεις αυτές διάχυσης των
αποτελεσμάτων του AGREE σκοπεύουν να προωθήσουν ερευνητικά προγράμματα που θα φέρουν την
ενεργειακή αποδοτικότητα στη γεωργία στο προσκήνιο της Ε&ΤΑ στην Ευρώπη.
Η συνάντηση-συζήτηση θα περιλαμβάνει

9:30 – 10:00: Παρουσίαση του προγράμματος και διευκρινίσεις από το συντονιστή του
AGREE

10:00 – 13:00: Συζήτηση (σύμφωνα με τη υπό διαμόρφωση ημερήσια διάταξη) μεταξύ
των εκπροσώπων των προσκεκλημένων φορέων (δημόσιος τομέας, ερευνητικά ιδρύματα,
γεωπόνοι μελετητές, συνεταιρισμοί, βιομηχανίες και εταιρείες γεωργικών εφοδίων και
εξοπλισμού, οργανώσεις αγροτών, νέοι αγρότες, κτλ)

13:00 – 14:00: Γεύμα
Αθήνα, 14 Ιανουαρίου 2013
Ο Συντονιστής του έργου στο Γ.Π.Α.
Καθηγητής Δημήτριος Μπριασούλης
Πληροφορίες: Αθανάσιος Μπαλαφούτης
τηλ: +30 210 529 4046, email: [email protected]
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Annex II
List of Participants
1
2
3
Surname
First name
Profession
Representative
Stakeholder
type
Telephone
email
Web page
Kafritsas
Georgios
Agricultural
Engineer
Agronomists of the world
NGO
+30 210 9322234
georgek@geory
thmiki.gr
http://worldagrono
mists.blogspot.gr/
Mechanical
Engineer
P.I. Condellis S.A.
mtsagaropoulos
@condellispaul.
gr
www.condellispaul.
gr
Electrical
Engineer
Green tech Energy
info@greentech
-energy.gr
www.greentechenergy.gr
Tsagkaropoulos
Konstantopoulos
Mixail
Dimitrios
+30 6972 770570
Enterprise –
Agricultural
Machinery
+30 210 3408800
Enterprice –
Green energy
technologies
+30 210 5158900
+30 6948575744
+30 6977205614
4
Marda
Dimitra
Chemical
Engineer
PASEGES
Farmers’
Association
+30 210 7499515
marda@pasege
s.gr
www.paseges.gr
5
Smiris
Mixail
Mechanical
Engineer
PASEGES
Farmers’
Association
+30 210 7499515
smiris@paseges
.gr
www.paseges.gr
6
Ekonomou
Maria
Agricultural
Engineer
Directorate of reclamation
work development and
mechanical equipment /
Ministry of rural
development and food
Central
Government
+30 210 8399806
li210u036@min
agric.gr
www.minagric.gr
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
7
Anastasaki
Thalia
Agricultural
Engineer
Directorate of reclamation
work development and
mechanical equipment /
Ministry of rural
development and food
Central
Government
+30 210 8399806
li210u010@min
agric.gr
www.minagric.gr
8
Drosinou
Ioulia
Agricultural
Engineer
Directorate of Production
and development of field
crops / Ministry of rural
development and food
Central
Government
+30 210 2125119
idrossinou@min
agric.gr
www.minagric.gr
9
Fountas
Spyros
Assistant
Professor,
Agricultural
Engineer
University of Thessaly –
Precision Agriculture
Research
+30 24210 93229
[email protected]
r
www.uth.gr
10 Tsianos
Theodoros
Farmer
(vineyards)
Nemea Cooperative winery
(member, ex- president)
Farmer’s
cooperatives
+30 6977417172
t.tsianos@gmail
.com
http://www.nemea
nwines.gr
11 Samantouros
Kostas
Animal Scientist
Union of Agronomists
scholars Greece -consultants
Professional
Association
+30 22210 85448
kostas.samanto
[email protected]
www.geoponoimel
etites.gr
+30 6974555700
www.agrek.gr
12 Balafoutis
Ilias
Farmer (forage –
sheep installation
– field crops –
olive groves)
Young Farmer’s Association
Ftiotida - member
Farmers
+30 22310 69474
+30 6976406851
hlias_mpal@hot
mail.com
-
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
13 Dimhtrakopoulos
Dimitrios
Agricultural
Engineer –
Farmer
Greenhouse farmer
Farmers
+30 6947194284
mpagosgim@ho
tmail.gr
-
14 Karampelas
Georgios
Agricultural
Engineer –
Farmer
Greenhouse farmer
Farmers
+30 6974238927
karampelas.n.gi
[email protected]
m
-
15 Giannopolitis
Kostas
Dr. Agricultural
Engineer, Editing
Director
Agrotypos S.A.
Publishing
company agriculture
+30 210 6142550
editor@agrotyp
os.gr
www.agrotypos.gr
+30 210 8064002
16
Briassoulis
Demetres
Professor,
Agricultural
Engineer
Farm Structures Laboratory
– AUA
Education &
Research
+30 210 5294011
[email protected]
r
www.smrg.aua.gr
17
Panagakis
Panagiotis
Assistant
Professor,
Agricultural
Engineer
Farm Structures Laboratory
– AUA
Education &
Research
+30 210 5294024
[email protected]
www.smrg.aua.gr
18
Balafoutis
Athanasios
Research Fellow,
Agricultural
Engineer
Farm Machinery Laboratory
– AUA
Research
+30 210 5294053
abalafoutis@au
a.gr
www.renewables.au
a.gr
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Annex III
List of Keywords to express the situation of an energy efficient agriculture in 2040
Keywords – Agriculture 2040
A/A Keyword
Number of
participants
1
Stakeholders training
1
2
New cultivation methods
1
3
Ecological awareness
1
4
Energy recycling
2
5
Precision Farming (rational energy use)
4
6
Technological evolution of equipment
2
7
Life-long learning
2
8
RES development
3
9
Farm energy autonomy
2
10
Increased efficiency due to environment friendly technology
1
11
Organic fertilizers (compost)
1
12
Biogas production within the farm
1
13
Plantation grouping – spatial planning – Cooperatives
1
14
Agriculture of zero carbon footprint
1
15
Reduced production cost
1
16
Energy sources utilization in local level
1
17
Biodiversity protection
1
Annex IV
List of opportunities in the effort to achieve an energy efficient agriculture
Opportunities
A/A Opportunity
Number of
participants
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
Mentioned Priority
1
Economic crisis
8
12
2
Technology development and use
5
6
3
Internet – blogs – information access
5
8
4
Easiness in human resources transport
1
0
5
Global R & D
1
0
6
Environmental awareness (citizen – producer)
5
3
7
Increased energy prices
1
4
8
Investment programs (national, EU)
1
0
9
Flexible legislative framework
1
0
10
RES integration
1
2
11
New farmers – businessmen – New business opportunities
1
2
12
Cooperation
2
7
13
Low energy footprint
1
1
14
Applied research
2
1
15
New low cost materials
1
3
16
Qualified human resources
1
0
17
Successful applied examples
1
1
18
Environmental crisis –climate change
1
5
19
EU policies (in favor to environment)
4
2
20
University – market connection
1
1
21
Precision agriculture
1
5
22
International competition
1
1
23
Demand on high quality / low price products
3
3
24
Rational energy use for cost reduction
1
4
25
Products with protected name of origin
1
6
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
26
Gastronomical promotion of main Greek products
1
2
27
Population and needs increase
1
1
Annex V
List of bottlenecks in the effort to achieve an energy efficient agriculture
Bottlenecks
A/A Bottleneck
Number of
participants
Mentioned Priority
1
Lack of efficient central planning
12
13
2
Bureaucracy
4
3
3
Lack of Cooperation
9
10
4
Lack of technical assistance
2
4
5
Lack of adequate funding
1
2
6
Time of adaptation
2
3
7
Lack of information availability
1
1
8
Cost of equipment
5
5
9
Economic crisis
4
2
10
Fear to invest
1
1
11
Small, fragmented farming land – farm size – economy of scale
3
6
12
Existing farming methods
1
1
13
Lack of consulting services
3
6
14
Lack of available capital
3
1
15
Lack of certification / labeling
1
0
16
Product selection based on pricing
1
0
17
Lack of public agricultural product auctions
2
0
18
Lack of support for RES installation in agricultural
infrastructure
2
0
Agriculture and Energy Efficiency
19
Lack of e-information
1
0
20
Lack of agricultural training – schools of farmers
1
2
21
Stakeholders selling energy (especially petroleum based
products)
1
1
22
Inputs cost
1
1
23
Farmers age structure
1
1
24
Market distortion – cartels
2
2
25
Lack of business conscience
2
1
26
Difficulty in adaptation
2
3
27
European Union policies conflict with Greek reality
1
2
28
Difficulty of the farmers in accessing the market
1
1
29
Lack of regional planning – local support
2
1
30
Public sector understaffing
1
0
31
No use of residues for energy purposes
1
1
32
Lack of research results application in real life
2
3
33
Farmers’ interest only on profit
1
1
34
Capital attraction
1
0
35
Low human resources development
1
1
36
No long-term targets
1
1

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