２０１５年版 自動車部品の納入マップの変化と現状分析 総合技研 株 式 会 社 目 次 Ⅰ．エンジン部品 １．シリンダーヘッド ························································································ １ １．数量市場規模推移 ····················································································· １ ２．シェア推移（変化） ·················································································· １ ３．各自動車メーカーにおける購入先の変化 ························································ ２ ４．当該自動車部品における技術の変化と今後の方向性 ········································· ３ （以下共通項目） ２．シリンダーヘッドカバー ··············································································· ４ ３．シリンダーヘッドガスケット ········································································· ８ ４．シリンダーブロック ·················································································· １２ ５．エンジンＡｓｓｙ ····················································································· １５ ６．シリンダーライナー ·················································································· １８ ７．コネクティングロッド ··············································································· ２１ ８．クランクシャフト（鋳造品） ······································································ ２４ ９．クランクシャフト（鍛造品） ······································································ ２６ １０．エンジンメタル························································································ ３０ １１．カムシャフト··························································································· ３３ １２．フライホイール························································································ ３６ １３．タイミングベルトカバー ············································································ ３９ １４．タイミングチェーンカバー ········································································· ４２ １５．インテークマニホールド ············································································ ４５ １６．エキゾーストマニホールド ········································································· ４９ １７．エキゾーストパイプ ·················································································· ５３ １８．エンジンバルブ························································································ ５６ １９．バルブスプリング ····················································································· ６０ ２０．バルブシート··························································································· ６３ ２１．バルブガイド··························································································· ６６ ２２．ロッカーアーム ························································································ ６９ ２３．ロッカーアームベアリング ········································································· ７２ ２４．オイルフィルター ····················································································· ７５ ２５．オイルクーラー························································································ ７８ ２６．オイルポンプ··························································································· ８１ ２７．オイルパン······························································································ ８５ ２８．電動フューエルポンプ ··············································································· ８９ ２９．ＤＰＦ（ディーゼル・パティキュレート・フィルター） ··································· ９２ ３０．燃料タンク······························································································ ９４ ３１．インジェクター························································································ ９８ ３２．可変バルブタイミング機構（ＶＶＴアクチュエーター） ································ １０２ ３３．スロットルボディ ·················································································· １０５ ３４．ＥＧＲクーラー····················································································· １０８ ３５．エアインテークホース（エアクリーナーホース） ········································· １１１ ３６．フューエルチューブ ··············································································· １１４ ３７．防振ゴム······························································································ １１７ ３８．アクセルペダル····················································································· １２１ ３９．コモンレール式燃料噴射装置 ··································································· １２４ ４０．フューエルフィルター（ガソリン用）························································ １２７ ４１．フューエルフィルター（ディーゼル用）····················································· １２９ ４２．エアクリーナー····················································································· １３２ ４３．ウォーターポンプ ·················································································· １３６ ４４．ラジエーター························································································ １３９ ４５．サーモスタット····················································································· １４２ ４６．マフラー······························································································ １４５ ４７．タイミングベルト ·················································································· １４８ ４８．タイミングチェーン ··············································································· １５０ ４９．ターボチャージャー ··············································································· １５４ ５０．スーパーチャージャー ············································································ １５７ ５１．インタークーラー ·················································································· １５９ ５２．Ｖベルト······························································································ １６２ Ⅱ．電気，電装部品 ５３．スパークプラグ····················································································· １６５ ５４．グロープラグ························································································ １６８ ５５．イグニッションコイル ············································································ １７１ ５６．バッテリー··························································································· １７４ ５７．スターター··························································································· １７８ ５８．オルタネーター····················································································· １８２ ５９．コンビネーションスイッチ ······································································ １８５ ６０．パワーウィンドスイッチ ········································································· １８８ ６１．ホーン································································································· １９１ ６２．ヘッドランプ························································································ １９４ ６３．ＨＩＤヘッドランプ ··············································································· １９８ ６４．リヤコンビネーションランプ ··································································· ２０２ ６５．ハイマウントストップランプ ··································································· ２０５ ６６．ワイヤーハーネス ·················································································· ２０８ ６７．メーター······························································································ ２１２ ６８．ワイパーＡｓｓｙ ·················································································· ２１６ ６９．ワイパーブレード ·················································································· ２１９ ７０．ウィンドウォッシャー ············································································ ２２２ ７１．リレー································································································· ２２５ ７２．カーオーディオ····················································································· ２２８ ７３．カーエアコン························································································ ２３２ ７４．Ｏ2 センサー ························································································· ２３５ ７５．エンジンコントロールユニット ································································ ２３７ ７６．ＡＢＳ（ＥＣＵ・ＨＵ） ········································································· ２４０ ７７．ＥＰＳコントローラー ············································································ ２４４ ７８．エアバッグ用ＥＣＵ ··············································································· ２４７ ７９．コーナー＆バックソナー（ＥＣＵ）··························································· ２５０ ８０．パワーウィンドモーター ········································································· ２５３ ８１．ＨＥＶ用バッテリー ··············································································· ２５６ Ⅲ．駆動，伝動部品 ８２．ＭＴ ··································································································· ２５８ ８３．ＡＴ ··································································································· ２６１ ８４．ＣＶＴ································································································· ２６５ ８５．シンクロナイザリング ············································································ ２６８ ８６．クラッチ······························································································ ２７１ ８７．クラッチマスターシリンダー ··································································· ２７４ ８８．クラッチレリーズシリンダー ··································································· ２７７ ８９．クラッチフェーシング ············································································ ２８０ ９０．クラッチペダル····················································································· ２８３ ９１．チェンジレバー（ＭＴレバー） ································································ ２８６ ９２．レバー（ＡＴ、ＣＶＴ） ········································································· ２８９ ９３．ステアリングホイール ············································································ ２９２ ９４．ステアリングコラム ··············································································· ２９５ ９５．ステアリングジョイント ········································································· ２９８ ９６．ステアリングロック ··············································································· ３０１ ９７．油圧式パワーステアリング ······································································ ３０４ ９８．電動パワーステアリング ········································································· ３０８ ９９．ラックアシスト式ＥＰＳ ········································································· ３１１ １００．ピニオンアシスト式ＥＰＳ ······································································ ３１３ １０１．コラムアシスト式ＥＰＳ ········································································· ３１５ １０２．パワーステアリングポンプ ······································································ ３１８ １０３．パワーステアリングホース ······································································ ３２１ １０４．プロペラシャフト ·················································································· ３２４ １０５．ドライブシャフトＡｓｓｙ ······································································ ３２７ １０６．スチールホイール ·················································································· ３３０ １０７．アルミホイール ····················································································· ３３３ １０８．コントロールケーブル ············································································ ３３７ １０９．ビスカスカップリング ············································································ ３４０ １１０．トランスファー····················································································· ３４２ Ⅳ．懸架，制動部品 １１１．ショックアブソーバー ············································································ ３４５ １１２．スタビライザー ····················································································· ３４９ １１３．ブレーキペダル ····················································································· ３５２ １１４．ブレーキチューブ ·················································································· ３５５ １１５．ブレーキホース ····················································································· ３５８ １１６．ブレーキブースター ··············································································· ３６１ １１７．ブレーキホイールシリンダー ··································································· ３６４ １１８．ディスクブレーキキャリパー ··································································· ３６７ １１９．ディスクパッド ····················································································· ３７１ １２０．ディスクローター ·················································································· ３７４ １２１．ブレーキシュー ····················································································· ３７８ １２２．ブレーキライニング ··············································································· ３８１ １２３．ブレーキドラム ····················································································· ３８４ Ⅴ．車体部品 １２４．ラジエーターグリル ··············································································· ３８７ １２５．ウィンドガラス ····················································································· ３９０ １２６．ウィンドレギュレーター ········································································· ３９３ １２７．インナーハンドル ·················································································· ３９６ １２８．アウターハンドル ·················································································· ３９９ １２９．ドアヒンジ··························································································· ４０２ １３０．ドアトリム··························································································· ４０５ １３１．ドアロック（フロント，リヤ，スライド）·················································· ４０８ １３２．バックドアロック ·················································································· ４１１ １３３．キーセット··························································································· ４１４ １３４．ドアウェザーストリップ ········································································· ４１６ １３５．ガラスランウェザーストリップ ································································ ４１９ １３６．インストルメントパネル ········································································· ４２２ １３７．グローブボックス ·················································································· ４２５ １３８．シート································································································· ４２８ １３９．パワースライドドア ··············································································· ４３２ １４０．パワーバックドア ·················································································· ４３４ １４１．ヘッドレスト························································································ ４３６ １４２．シートベルト························································································ ４３９ １４３．サンバイザー························································································ ４４２ １４４．成形天井（ヘッドライニング） ································································ ４４５ １４５．サイドミラー························································································ ４４８ １４６．ルームミラー························································································ ４５２ １４７．サンルーフ··························································································· ４５６ １４８．マーク································································································· ４５９ １４９．フードロック························································································ ４６１ １５０．トランクロック ····················································································· ４６３ シリンダーヘッドカバー ２．シリンダーヘッドカバー １．数量市場規模推移 (万個) 1,500 1,000 500 0 ２００８ 項目 数量 年 伸長率 （年） ２０１４ （単位：千個，％） ２０１１ ２００８ ２０１１ ２０１４ 11,560 8,358 9,734 100.0 72.3 84.2 ・シリンダーヘッドカバーの市場規模推移は上記のとおりとなっており、シリンダーヘッドカバ ーは車１台当たり１個の採用のため、その市場は国内生産台数に比例して推移。 ・このため、２００８年の市場が１１,５６０千個、２０１１年が８,３５８千個、２０１４年が ９,７３４千個となっている。 ・また、２０１４年の金額ベースでの市場規模は１１７億円となっている。 ・単価については、板金製で単価については、板金製で軽用のもので７００～１,０００円／個， １.５～２.０㍑クラスで８００～１,０００円／個である。また、マグネシウム製は１個当た り３,０００円前後となっている。アルミ製は１,５００～２,０００円／個となっている。樹 脂製はアルミ製よりも若干低めとなっている。以上はおおよその価格であり、各カーメーカー， 車種ごとにより、様々なケースがあり、単価は一概に言えない状況となっている。（塗装や加 工方法、大きさにより単価は変わって来る。）また、トラックのアルミ製シリンダーヘッドカ バーの場合、中型トラックで４～５ｋｇ、大型トラックで９ｋｇの重量があり、１ｋｇ当たり １,２００円のため、中型トラック用で４,８００～６,０００円／個、大型トラック用で１０, ８００円／個となっている。形状や他の部品が装着されるか否かでも単価は変わってくるとし ている。（トラック用も仕様により一概に言えないものの、おおよその単価は、上記のとおり となっている。） ２．シェア推移（変化） （単位：％） 年 ２００８ ２０１１ ２０１４ 部品メーカー カーメーカー内製 18 8 9 ﾏｰﾚﾌｨﾙﾀｰｼｽﾃﾑｽﾞ 19 31 28 アイシン精機 23 29 27 アーレスティ 20 14 14 広島アルミニウム工業 9 10 10 トヨタ紡織 ― 2 4 フルチュウ 2 2 3 柳河精機 2 1 2 その他 7 3 3 合 計 100 100 100 ・シリンダーヘッドカバーのシェア推移は上記のとおりとなっており、マーレフィルターシステ ムズ，アイシン精機，アーレスティが上位メーカーとなっている。 ・マーレフィルターシステムズでは、シリンダーヘッドカバーの樹脂化の進展により、シェアが 高くなっている。 ・アイシン精機では、トヨタにアルミ製，マグネシウム製シリンダーヘッドカバーを納入してい る。 4 シリンダーヘッドカバー ４．シリンダーヘッドカバーにおける技術の変化と今後の方向性 ・シリンダーヘッドカバーの主な材料としては、アルミ，樹脂，マグネシウムなどがある。カーメ ーカーにより採用状況は異なり一概に言えないものの、軽量，コストの点で樹脂製を採用するケ ースが増えている。（樹脂製はアルミ製と比較して単価が同等か少し安く、軽量ということで採用 が増えている。） ・トヨタ紡織では、ＯＣＶ搭載樹脂製ヘッドカバーを開発している。可変バルブ機構のＶＶＴに効 率よくオイルを供給することで、信頼耐久性を高める樹脂ヘッドカバーとなっている。ＯＣＶ（オ イル・コントロール・バルブ）部分にアルミを使うことで、より正確な給油制御が実現できたこ とが特徴として挙げられる。トヨタのラクティスやパッソなどに納入している。 ・今後も樹脂化と高機能化が進展していく方向となっている。 7 ロッカーアーム ２２．ロッカーアーム １．数量市場規模推移 (万個) 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 ２００８ 項目 年 数量 伸長率 （年） ２０１４ （単位：千個，％） ２０１１ ２００８ ２０１１ ２０１４ 97,996 78,470 112,052 100.0 80.1 114.3 ・ロッカーアームの市場規模推移は上記のとおりとなっており、その市場規模は２００８年９７, ９９６千個、２０１１年７８,４７０千個、２０１４年１１２,０５２千個となっている。 ・ロッカーアームの装着率は上昇傾向にあり、その市場は、国内生産台数の伸びを上回っている。 ・２０１４年におけるロッカーアームの金額ベースでの市場規模は１６９億円となっている。 ・単価は、乗用車の板金プレス製で９０～１５０円／個となっている。トラック用は乗用車用より も数量が少ないため単価が高くなっている。アルミ製は２００～３００円／個、鋳鉄製は３５０ ～４００円／個となっている。 （アルミ製は４００～６００円／個のケースもある。） ２．シェア推移（変化） （単位：％） 年 部品メーカー ２００８ ２０１１ ２０１４ オティックス 56 62 60 日進製作所 10 9 5 田中精密工業 10 8 4 その他 24 21 31 100 100 100 合 計 ・ロッカーアームのシェア推移は上記のとおりと推定され、トヨタのほとんどの車種に板金プレス 製ロッカーアームを納入しているオティックスがシェアトップで約５５～６０％のシェア、次い でホンダにロッカーアームを納入している日進製作所，田中精密工業と続いている。 ・また、その他メーカーとしては、シェフラーが挙げられ、マツダがＣＸ－５などのスカイアクテ ィブエンジン、ホンダがＮ－ＢＯＸ，Ｎ－ＯＮＥ，Ｎ－ＷＧＮなどのＮシリーズのエンジンにシ ェフラー社製のローラロッカーアームを採用するなど、シェアが上昇傾向となっている。 69 ロッカーアーム ３．各自動車メーカーにおける購入先の変化 ・トヨタにおけるロッカーアームの納入 トヨタ 部 品 メー カ ー ２ ０ ０８ 年 ２ ０ １ １年 ２ ０１ ４ 年 オ テ ィ ック ス 91% 海 外 メ ーカ ー 9% 100% 100% ― 比率変化は左記のとおりとなってい る。 ・オティックスからの調達が主流となっ ― ている。 ・ホンダのロッカーアームは、田中精密 ホンダ 部 品 メー カ ー ２ ０ ０８ 年 ２ ０ １ １年 ２ ０１ ４ 年 日 進 製 作所 40% 55% 33% 田 中 精 密工 業 40% 45% 25% メッツ 20% 海 外 ﾒｰｶｰ(ｼｪﾌﾗｰ) ― ― 42% マツダ 部 品 メー カ ー ２ ０ ０８ 年 ２ ０ １ １年 ２ ０１ ４ 年 60% 25% 日 本 ﾋﾟｽﾄﾝﾘﾝｸﾞ 40% 8% ― 3% 67% 97% 達比率が上昇傾向にあり、マツダのＣ Ｘ－５のスカイアクティブエンジン とによる。 ・いすゞにおけるロッカーアームの納入 ２ ０ ０８ 年 ２ ０ １ １年 ２ ０１ ４ 年 オ テ ィ ック ス 55% 55% 60% 自 動 車 部品 工 業 35% 40% 35% 川崎鍛工 10% 5% 5% 比率変化は左記のとおりとなってい る。 ・オティックス，自動車部品工業の納入 比率が高くなっている。 ・日野におけるロッカーアームの納入比 日野 部 品 メー カ ー ムを調達している。 用ロッカーアームを調達しているこ ― いすゞ 部 品 メー カ ー は、海外メーカーのシェフラーからＮ ・海外メーカー（シェフラー）からの調 広 島 ｱﾙﾐﾆｳﾑ工 業 海 外 ﾒｰｶｰ(ｼｪﾌﾗｰ) なっているものの、２０１４年時点で シリーズ用エンジンのロッカーアー ― ― 工業，日進製作所からの調達が主流と ２ ０ ０８ 年 ２ ０ １ １年 ２ ０１ ４ 年 率変化は左記のとおりと推定される。 カ ス ヤ 精工 50% 60% 60% ・カスヤ精工，川崎鍛工などから調達し 川崎鍛工 50% 40% 40% ・ＵＤトラックスにおけるロッカーアー ＵＤトラックス 部 品 メー カ ー ２ ０ ０８ 年 ２ ０ １ １年 ２ ０１ ４ 年 富士機工 40% 43% 70% 自 動 車 部品 工 業 60% 44% 30% その他 ている。 ― 13% ― ムの納入比率変化は左記のとおりと 推定され、富士機工の納入比率が上昇 傾向にあるものと推定される。 ・富士機工では、ＵＤトラックスの大・ 中型トラック向けにロッカーアーム を納入している。 70 禁 無 断 転 載 ２０１５年版 自動車部品の納入マップの変化と現状分析 価 格：１２０,０００円（消費税別） 発刊日：２０１５年１０月３０日 発刊者：総合技研株式会社 本 社：〒450-0003 名古屋市中村区名駅南一丁目 28 番 19 号 名南クリヤマビル TEL （052）565－0935㈹ E-MAIL [email protected]
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