Volume IV Number 35 January 2010
OEM NGVs and CNG
vehicle variants in Asia
NGV in the world
IGU report on
methane for transport
NGV2010 Roma
The International NGV
Association event will
take place this year
12a Conferenza ed Esposizione Mondiale dell’Associazione
Internazionale dei Veicoli a Gas Naturale - IANGV
12th World IANGV Conference and Exhibition
Dal 8 al 10 giugno 2010
June 8-10, 2010
Nuova Fiera di Roma New Rome Fair
Padiglioni 9, 10 e area esterna
Pavilions 9, 10 and outdoor area
Roma, Italia Rome, Italy
Creating a Revolution
in Transport
Verso la Rivoluzione
nel Trasporto
www.ngv2010roma.com
[email protected]
Sponsor Principale
Main Sponsor
Un evento di
An event of
Ospitato da
Hosted by
Organizzato da
Organized by
2
January 2010
Summary
04
Asian NGV Communications is a publication
of NGV Communications Group, publishing
house and fairs-conferences organizer:
www.ngvgroup.com
In Europe, we print The Gas Vehicles Report,
GVR, and www.ngvguide.com, the
International NGV Guide.
In Argentina, the Group publishes Prensa
Vehicular, Argentine CNG Guide, maps,
books and brochures while in Brazil, Folha
do GNV, Brazilian NGV Guide, maps and
posters, among others. In Peru Prensa
Vehicular Peru. More info: www.ngvgroup.com
The signed articles are exclusive responsibility of
the authors, as well as advertising companies and
agencies are responsible for the published ads.
is member of the
ANGVA (Asia Pacific
NGV Association)
KOREA
300-5, Changchon-Ri ■ Namsan-Myun
Chuncheon-Si ■ Kangwon-Do ■ 200-911
Tel. and fax.: +82 33 260 3419
+31 20 420 1076
[email protected] ■ www.asiangv.com
PERU
Av. Brasil 3222 oficina 403 A Magdalena del Mar - CP: Lima 17 – Perú
[email protected]
Around 2 more million NGVs are
expected in 2010
Oil price fluctuated between USD 75
and almost USD80 per barrel by
October-early December 2009. Energy
analysts predicted that price of oil ...
22
IGU SG 5.3 on summary of technology
development and an overview of NGV
The previous IGU S.G. 5.3 report for
the 2003 – 2006 triennium provided a
comprehensive overview and analysis
of existing fuels and technologies ...
28
Chinese CNG engines for Bolivia
The presence of China NGV industry is
affirmed in more countries across Asia
and South America. More and more
countries in these regions are ...
16
OEM NGVs and CNG
vehicle variants
34
BusinessCentre
30
Examples and tips of safety in
NGVs and CNG stations
34
Omnitek Engineering signed MoU
with bio-energy company
32
China gas supply faces a big
challenge
35
NGV2010, the IANGV Conference
and Exhibition 8-10 June 2010
33
Thailand will see a growing
demand for natural gas in 2010
36
End year statistics for your
marketing plan and review
ITALY
Vicolo Gonzaga 13 ■ 46045 Marmirolo (Mn)
Tel.: +39 0376 294055
[email protected] ■ www.thegvr.com
ARGENTINA
Uspallata 711 ■ CP 1268 ■ Capital Federal
Tel./Fax: +54 11 43074559 /5201/ 43006137
[email protected]
www.prensavehicular.com
BRASIL
Av. Rio Branco, 131 Sala 1.701
CEP: 20040-006 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: +55 21 8572-1086 / 9999-0549
[email protected] ■ www.folhadognv.com
Printed: Rigraph S.R.L.
• Constitución 4, 28.511 Madrid - España
• Tilcara 3.146, Buenos Aires
Copies Distribution
We print and mail to 24
countries about 4.000 copies
addressed to governmental related offices, OEM and Oil & Gas
companies,
associations, related NGV industries, refuelling stations,
workshops and suppliers,
according the following list (some
figures rounded):
Armenia: 0.3%
Australia: 4.1%
Azerbaijan: 0.2%
Bangladesh: 5.0%
China: 10.9%
Egypt: 1.9%
India: 9.5%
Indonesia: 1.6%
Iran: 7.0%
Israel: 0.1%
Japan: 10.2%
Korea: 5.1%
Malaysia: 6.6%
Myanmar: 0.5%
New Zealand: 1.0%
Pakistan: 11.4%
Philippines: 3.6%
Russia:4.3%
Singapore: 3.1%
Taiwan: 0.2%
Thailand: 5.8%
Turkey: 5.5%
United Arab Emirates: 2.1%
Vietnam: 0.1%
In addition, the magazine is
sent to over 19.300 readers
in 94 countries
by e-mail (.pdf) and is also online
in www.ngvgroup.com
If your NGV business is in Asia,
advertise with us.
Asian NGV Communications
300-14, Changchon-Ri,
Namsan-Myun,
Chuncheon-Si,
Kangwon-Do,
200-911 KOREA
Tel : +31 20 420 1076
Tel : +82 33 260 3419
e-mail: [email protected]
4
January 2010
Around 2 more million
NGVs are expected in 2010
Oil price fluctuated between USD 75 and
almost USD80 per barrel by October-early
December 2009. Energy analysts predicted
that price of oil will reach, at least, an
average of 80 USD/bbl in 2010. This
prediction, coupling with the increase in
economic confidence and (a small yet
positive) rise in trade movement, has
generated more confidence in NGV business.
Although related experts have different
projections, around 5.5% by 2015-20% by
2020 annual growth, the prognosis of NGV
adoption is highly promising.
As per IGU SG 5.3 study, with oil price
expected to reach 120 USD/bbl ten years
from now and 150 USD/bbl twenty years
from now, around 50 M to 100 M methane
vehicles (NGVs) are expected by 2020 and
2030 respectively. It would mean that NGV
share in the vehicle market will increase from
1% in 2008 to 4.5% in 2020 and 7% by
2030. Methane (NG) usage in the transport
sector could reach up to 106 bcm in 2020
and 207 bcm in 2030. Major growth in NGV
population is anticipated in Asia-Pacific (44% of
global NGV market), followed by South America
(26%), with the Middle East (including Western
Asia) in the third place with 17% growth.
By end 2009, there are almost 11M NGVs in
the world. The IGU report showed that by
end of 2010, there would be 11.64 – 13.7 M
NGVs (the projection was made based on
end-2005 figure with 4.64 M NGVs). It will
not be surprising if we see another 2 M
methane vehicles are added during this year
alone (assuming global economic crisis will
not go further and oil prices is, at least, stable).
Asia
In figures, according to the “Policy
Government Scenario” reported by the IGU,
Asian total NGV population including the
Middle East and Russia would be 16.8221.99 million by 2015 versus the world’s
total 34.29 to 39.46 million. According to the
“Business as Usual Scenario”, by 2015,
there will be 17.23 M NGVs in Asia versus
29.19 M in the world. In the fuelling sector,
28,368 stations should be in operation by
the same year, versus 37,601 stations in
total around the world. Below are a few
recent stories from all over Asia.
CNG variants
Fiat India plans to introduce CNG variant of
Grande Punto in the Indian market. The
model will be available in the country by
second quarter of this year. In Europe, Fiat
already offers CNG versions of the Grande
Punto, Punto, Multipla, Doblò and the popular
Panda. The Punto and Panda are both
expected to form the basis of new small cars
for Chrysler in the coming years. We are yet
to see whether a Fiat-controlled Chrysler will
offer commercial CNG versions of the
mini-vans in the US and/or around the world.
Conversely, another European car
manufacturer, Volkswagen, have not yet
considered introducing CNG/LPG versions of
its vehicles in India. However, India has lots
of CNG variants models in almost all vehicle
segments, from LDVs (three-wheelers) to
HDVs (trucks and buses).
Good news follow as Mahindra & Mahindra
is planning to launch its passenger carrying
vehicle in CNG variants including export
market potential. The new CNG model to be
launched soon, Gio, falls under a unique
utility segment between Tata Ace (mini truck
as a Light Commercial Vehicle) and the
three-wheeler range. Gio CNG price tag is
very economic, at Rs165,000, it costs only
Rs25,000-30,000 more than a three wheeler.
Also, Hindustan Motors’ Shifeng Winner 1.8
CNG Bharat Stage 4 (latest Indian emission
norm) 3-tonnes Mini Truck was introduced
last September.
In Thailand, Toyota introduced its Camry
Hybrid (gasoline/electric) in July 2009. In the
meantime, the carmaker has built two Camry
Hybrid CNG/electric cars in the US. The car
has 4 CNG composite cylinders, a driving
range up to 400km, an engine capacity of
170 hp, with an estimated fuel economy of
City/Highway/Combined of 52/39/53 km per
gallon. As this car is not yet built for mass
selling, the Hybrid CNG is not yet available in
Thailand.
Chevrolet Thailand and GM showcased its
Chevrolet Optra CNG -in estate and sedan
models- during a motor expo in the country
in December last year.
Several promotional packages were offered
to boost sales. Buyers can choose their own
incentive package according to their needs.
The offers include 0% interest for payments
over 36 months with a 25% down payment
and 0.99% interest for 36 monthly instalments with a 15% down payment. In both
packages, buyers will receive free one-year
first-class car insurance coverage when
purchasing any of Chevrolet’s 4 models
including Chevrolet Optra. Special for buyers of
Chevrolet Optra CNG, free CNG fuel of up to
10,000 THB during the first year will be given.
Fuel prices and gas supply
The Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority in
Pakistan has decided that an 18% increase
in NG tariff for all categories of consumers
will be in force from January 1, 2010. For
CNG refuelling stations the selling price from
gas supplier would increase from Rs427.15
to Rs504 per MMBTU.
However, government NGV projects continue
as a model mega CNG station capable of
refuelling 200-250 CNG buses in Karachi will
soon be constructed. The station would cost
around Rs150.6 M. The Hydrocarbon
Development Institute of Pakistan that would
lead the project expects to open the station
by end 2010. Around 15-20 such mega
stations are expected to be built in Karachi
City to facilitate 4,000 CNG buses.
As temperature dropped a lot across China
and heavy snow attacked northern part of
the country, gas supply is mostly diverted for
household use (as heating gas). Central,
eastern and southern provinces are facing
natural gas shortage. The sudden drop in
temperatures has slowed the flow of gas in
pipelines, causing longer time for vehicle
refuelling.
However, the condition might get better
when the cold winter passes. Also, a second
NG pipeline from west to the east part of
China was scheduled to be opened by
December 2009. Gas supply from overseas
also continued to be explored as China will
get (more) LNG from Australia in the near
future. Although gas experts call for gas
pricing reforms, the government did not
introduce price reforms during end 2009,
also taking into consideration the country
economic stability.
Despite of the “temporary” gas supply issue,
it is expected that NGV industry will remain
strong in China. Government is anticipated
to continue actively supporting the industry,
especially as China was chosen as the host
country of the ANGVA2011 Conference and
Exhibition. It is also worth noted that during
this global economic crisis in 2009, China is
the only (major) NGV country that did not
show a slow down in NGV adoption.
On the other hand, Australia is bound to
become the world’s second largest LNG
supplier and to experience an LNG boom.
By 2017, its LNG export is expected to
double, according to energy consultancy
Wood Mackenzie. Asian market is projected
to use much more LNG by 2013 and
2018.In this case, Australia will also supply
gas to China, Japan, India, Korea and other
countries in Asia and North America.
Eighteen LNG projects (production plant) are
going to be implemented in west, north and
east Australia, of which 3 units are under
construction or already exist. Apart from that,
in Tasmania Island (south of Australia), an
LNG micro-plant and refuelling station are
also being constructed.
January 2010
5
6
January 2010
2010年NGV数量将增200万
从2009年10月到12月初，石油价格就在
每桶75美元到80美元间波动。据能源分
析专家预测，石油价格将持续增长，到
2010年至少涨至80美元/每桶。人们对
经济复苏信心的重拾和贸易往来的增长
（仅仅是稍有起色），使得大家对NGV
产业的信心也得已恢复。尽管相关领域
的专家对此另有它见，但从2015年的5.
5%的年增长率到2020年20%年增长率可
以看出，NGV产业发展的未来将一片光明。
如国际燃气联盟SG5.3的研究报告所述
，石油价格在10年后将增至每桶120美
元，在20年后达到每桶150美元，并且
天然气汽车的数量将在2020年和2030年
分别增至5000万辆和1亿辆。这就意味
着NGV汽车的市场占有率将从2008年的1
%，增长到2020年的4.5%,并在2030年达
到7%。同时，天然气在交通运输中的使
用量在2020年将增长到1060亿立方米，
2030年则为2070亿立方米。就NGV汽车
保有量增长而言，亚太地区增长量占全
球NGV增长的44%，南美地区第二（26%
），中东地区（包括西亚）排名第三，
为17%。
截至2009年底，世界天然气汽车保有量
几乎达到1100万辆。国际燃气联盟的报
告显示到2010年底，世界天然气汽车保
有量将增至1164万1370万辆（基于2005年底464万辆的数
据而预测）。一年中增加两百万辆的天
然气汽车不足为奇（假设全球经济危机
的形势不会恶化，且石油价格至少是稳
定的）。
亚洲
再来看亚洲的一组数据，根据国际燃气
联盟的报告，在政府实施政策的情景下
，到2015年亚洲（包括中东和俄罗斯）
天然气汽车的总保有量有望达到1682万
-2199万辆， 而届时世界天然气汽车
保有量为 3429万-3946万辆；
而在没有实施任何政策的情景下，到20
15年亚洲和世界天然气汽车保有量将分
别为1723万和2919万辆。到2015年，亚
洲和全球加气站的数量将分别达到28,3
68和37,601座。
以下是来自亚洲的最新报道。
新款CNG汽车
菲亚特汽车印度公司计划将Grande
Punto汽车CNG款引入印度市场，并于今
年第二季度在该国市场面市。在欧洲，
菲亚特汽车公司已经将几种车型的CNG
款推向市场，包括Grande Punto,
Punto, Multipla, Doblò 和popular
Panda。同时，在未来一年里，克莱斯
勒汽车公司将仿照Punto 和Panda
两款车型生产新型小型汽车。究竟克莱
斯勒公司的菲亚特版小型商用CNG卡车
能否在美国和全球上市，我们还将拭目
以待。
与此相反，尽管在印度从轻型汽车（三
轮机动车）到重型汽车（如卡车和公共
汽车），已有很多车型都推出了CNG款
，然而一些欧洲汽车生产商，如
Volkswagen仍然没有考虑将CNG/LPG车
型引入印度市场。
Mahindra & Mahindra 汽车公司计划推
出其CNG款载客汽车并开发其海外市场。
新款CNG汽车Gio将很快面市，其效能居
于Tata Ace （迷你卡车，
一种轻型商用车）和三轮机动车之间。
Gio CNG款经济实惠，
约Rs165,000，只比三轮机动车贵
Rs25,000-30,000。
同时，印度汽车生产商Shifeng
Winner还在去年9月推出了1.8
CNG巴拉特阶段4（印度最新排放标准）
的3吨迷你卡车。
2009年7月丰田汽车公司在泰国推出其
旗下佳美混合动力汽车（汽油和电力）
。与此同时，该公司在美国推出佳美CN
G/电力混合动力车。此款车型有4个CNG
复合气瓶，续驶里程可达400km,
发动机功率可达170 hp，
其在城市/高速路/混合工况三种情形下
的燃料经济性，分别为52/39/53公里/加仑。
因为此款车型并不计划大量销售，所以
并没有在泰国上市。
CNG款车的销费者，可在购买后第一年
享受10,000 泰铢的加气优惠。
燃料价格与天然气供给
巴基斯坦石油和天然气管理局决定从20
10年1月开始，对所有使用天然气的用
户增收18%的附加税。供气商提供给CNG
加气站的天然气价格将从Rs427.15上涨
到Rs504每MMBTU。
尽管如此，政府的NGV项目将继续开展
，计划在卡拉奇建设一个耗资1亿5060
万RS并拥有百万容积的加气站，它可以
为200-250辆CNG汽车提供补给。
在巴基斯坦碳氢化合物发展协会领导下
，加气站建造项目有望在2010年底前完
成。预期还将有15-20
个这样的百万容量的加气站在卡拉奇建
成，为4000辆CNG公共汽车提供燃料。
由于中国气温骤降和北方部分地区遭受
雪灾，天然气的供给多用于家庭使用（
供暖）。因此，中国中部、东部和南部
的部分省市面临着天然气短缺。气温的
骤降还使天然气的管道传输速度降低，
延长汽车加气的时间。
当然，随着春天的到来，情况会有所好
转。到2009年12月，另外一条贯穿中国
东西的天然气管道将投入使用。中国还
将寻求更多来自海外的天然气供给，中
国将从澳大利亚进口更多液化天然气。
尽管天然气专家呼吁天然气价格改革，
但出于国家经济稳定的考虑，政府并没
有在2009年底调整天然气价格。
雪佛兰汽车泰国公司和通用汽车公司在
去年12月的汽车展会上展出了雪佛兰
Optra CNG车型包括旅行车和轿车两款车型。
尽管天然气供给出现临时短缺，但是中
国NGV工业发展势头仍然强劲。因为中
国被选为亚太天然气汽车协会2011年年
会暨展览会的主办国，政府还将继续大
力支持NGV工业发展。值得关注的是在2
009年全球经济危机的情况下，中国是
世界唯一一个NGV发展没有放慢的国家。
另外，澳大利亚将成为世界第二大液化
天然气供给国，并将经历LNG的大发展
。据Wood Mackenzie 能源咨询，
到2017年，其LNG的出口将增加一倍。
该公司还推出多种促销套餐提高其销售
量。消费者可根所自己的需要选择适合
自己的套餐。包括：降价25%，36个月0
%支付利息，和降价15%，36个月分期付
款利息0.99%。在这两款套餐中，只要
销费者购买雪佛兰汽车公司四款中的任
意一款，包括Chevrolet Optra
在内，均可享受到一年的一等车险。
特别对于购买Chevrolet Optra
到2013年至2018年间，亚洲市场将消耗
更多的液化天然气。因此，澳大利亚将
向中国、日本、印度、韩国等亚洲国家
和北美地区供给天然气。18个LNG工程
（LNG生产）将在澳大利亚西部和北部
地区开展，其中三个项目正在建设或已
经竣工。除此以外，在塔斯马尼亚岛（
澳大利亚南部），一个微型液化天然气
生产厂和加气站也正在建造之中。
8
January 2010
2010년에는 2백만 대 이상의 NGV가 더 증가할
것으로 기대된다.
2009년 10월-12월 초까지 유가는 배럴당
USD 75에서 USD80사이를 오가며 불안정한
상태를 보였었다. 에너지 분석가들은
2010년에는 평균 유가가 최소한 80 USD/bbl
에 달할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 이 같은
추측은 오히려 NGV 사업에 확신을 심어
주고 있다. 비록 관련 전문가들이 연간
성장률을 2015년 까지 약 5.5%2020년까지 20%로 보는 이견이 있지만
NGV 채택의 예후는 상당히 높은 편이다.
IGU SG 5.3의 연구에 따르면,
지금으로부터 10년 후에는 유가가 120
USD/bbl로 20년 후에는 150 USD/bbl에
달할 것으로 예측하고 있으며 메탄
차량(NGV)이 2020년에는 약 50백만 대,
2030년에는 약 100백만 대에 달할 것으로
예상하고 있다. 이는 자동차 시장에서
NGV가 차지하는 부분이2008년에 1%였던
것이 2020년에는 4.5%로 2030년에는
7%로 증가한다는 것을 의미한다. 운송
분야에 있어서의 메탄(NG) 사용은
2020년에는 106 bcm, 2030년에는 207
bcm에 달할 것이다. 아시아-태평양(전 세계
NGV 시장의 44%)이 NGV 인구의 주요
성장을 보일 것으로 기대되며 그 뒤를 이어
남미(26%)와 17%의 성장률을 보인 중동(서
아시아 포함)이 3위에 오를 것으로 보인다.
2009년 말 현재 전 세계에는 약 11 백만의
NGV가 존재하고 있다. IGU 보고서에는
2010년 말까지 NGV가 11.64 – 13.7 백만
대에 이르게 될 것임을 보여 주고 있다.
(2005년 말의 수치인 4.64 백만 대를
근거로 추측 함) 올 한 해만 추가의 2 백만
대의 메탄 자동차를 보게 된다고 해도
과언이 아닐 것이다.(세계 경제 위기가 더
이상 악화되지 않고 적어도 안정적인
유가를 유지한다는 가정하에 말이다.)
아시아
IGU가 발표한”정부 정책 시나리오”에
나타난 수치에 의하면 2015년에는 세계
총 NGV 인구가 34.29-39.46 백만에
달할 것이며 그 중 중동과 러시아를
포함한 아시아의 NGV 인구는 16.8221.99에 달할 것으로 보고 있다. “ 일반
사업 시나리오”에 의하면 2015년까지
전세계 NGV 인구가 29.19백만인데
비해 아시아의 NGV인구는17.23백만이
될 것이라고 한다. 충전소 분야에
있어서는 같은 2015년까지
전세계적으로 37,601개소가 운영되는
반면 아시아에서 만 28,368개소가
운영될 것으로 보고 있다.
아시아 전역의 근황을 아래와 같이
소개하고자 한다.
다양한CNG 차량들
피아트 인도는 그랜드 푼토라는 CNG
자동차를 인도 시장에 선보일
계획이다. 이 차량은 올해
상반기(2/4)에 출시될 것이다. 유럽의
피아트는 이미 그랜드 푼토, 푼토,
멀티플라,도블라 와 대중차량인 팬다의
CNG 용 모델을 판매하고 있다. 푼토와
팬더는 앞으로 크라이슬러 신 소형
차량의 형태를 갖추고 있을 것으로
기대된다. 피아트 크라이슬러가
CNG용 미니 밴을 미국이나 전 세계에
판매하게 될 지는 아직 미지수다.
반면 유럽의 한 자동차 회사인
폭스바겐은 아직 인도에 CNG/LPG용
차량을 소개할 계획이 없다. 하지만
인도는 LDVs(삼륜차)에서
HDVs(트럭,버스)에 이르기까지
대부분의 모든 자동차 분야에 CNG 용
모델을 적용하고 있다.
마힌드라&마힌드라는 수출 시장을
포함한 CNG 승용차량을 선 보일
계획이라는 좋은 소식이다. 곧
선보이게 될 신 모델, 지오는 타타
에이스(소형 상업용 미니 트럭)와
삼륜차량의 사이의 유일한 유틸리티
차량이다. 가격도 경제적이어서
삼륜차보다 겨우 25,000-30,000
비싼165,000 루피이다.
토요타는 2009년 7월 태국에서 캠리
하이브리드(휘발유/전기) 차량을
선보였다. 반면 미국에서는 2대의 캠리
CNG/전기 하이브리드 차량을 생산했다.
차량은 400km 주행이 가능한 4개의
실린더와170 마력의 엔진을 갖추고
있으며 예상 연비는 도심/고속도로/혼합
비율이 52/39/53 km 정도된다.
시보레 태국과 GM은 작년 12월
자동차 엑스포 쇼에서 내수용 세단
시보레 옵트라를 선보였다.
그들은 또한 이에 따른 몇몇 판촉 물
상품도 판매하기에 나섰다. 소비자들은
그들의 필요성에 따라 인센티브 상품을
선택할 수 있다. 상품 중에는 25%의
계약금을 내고 36개월 이상 할부에 0%
이자를 제공하는 것이 있는가 하면
15% 계약금에 36개월 할부에 0.99%
이자를 제공하는 것도 있다. 두 상품
모두 소비자들이 옵트라를 포함한
시보레의 4 가지 모델 중 하나를
구입할 경우 1년 동안 무상으로 우대
차량 보험 적용이 된다. 또한 CNG 용
시보레 옵트라 구매자들에게는 1년
동안 10,000 THB까지 CNG연료
제공이라는 특별한 혜택이 주어진다.
연료 가격과 가스 공급
파키스탄의 석유 가스 규제 당국은
2010년 1월부터 모든 소비자들에게
천연가스 관세율을18% 인상하기로
했다. CNG 충전소가 가스
공급업체로부터의 받는 공급가격은
MMBTU당 Rs427.15 에서Rs504로
인상될 것으로 보인다.
그럼에도 불구하고 200-250 대의 버스
충전이 가능하며 대형 CNG 충전소의
모델이 될 충전소를 곧 가라치시에
건립한다는 정부의 NGV 프로젝트는
계속 진행 중이다. 충전소를 가격으로
따지자면 약 150.6 백만 루피 정도 될
것이다. 이 프로젝트를 맡고 있는
파키스탄 탄화수소 개발 연구소는
2010년 말에 충전소를 오픈할 것으로
보고 있다. 4,000대의 버스를
충전하기 위한 이러한 규모의 대형
충전소가 약 15-20개의 가라치시에
건립될 예정이다.
중국 대륙에 기온이 급격히 떨어지고
폭설이 내리면서 중국 북부 지역의
가정용 가스(난방용) 공급이 증가했다.
중부,서부,남부 지역은 천연 가스 부족
사태에 직면해 있다. 갑작스런 기온
강하는 파이프라인의 가스 흐름을
더디게 만들며 자동차를 충전하는
시간을 지연시키는 원인이 되고 있다.
하지만 추운 겨울이 지나가면 상황은
더 나아질 것으로 보인다. 게다가 중국
서부에서 동부로 잇는 두번째 NG
파이프라인이 2009년 12월까지
오픈하기로 예정되어 있다. 중국이 곧
호주에서 (더 많은)LNG를
수입함으로써 해외로 부터의 가스
수입도 계속될 것이다. 가스
전문가들이 연료가격의 개혁을
요구하고 있지만 정부는 2009년
말까지 연료 가격 개혁안을 발표하지
않고 국가 경제 안정에 힘쓰고 있다.
“일시적인” 가스 공급 사태에도
불구하고, 중국에서의 NGV 산업은
계속해서 강한 의지로 남아 있을
것이다. 특히 중국이 ANGVA2011
총회 및 전시회 개최국으로
선정되면서 정부의 지속적이고
적극적인 지원이 기대되고 있다.
중국은 2009년 세계 경제 위기가
닥쳤을 때도 NGV 채택에 게을리하지
않았던 유일한(주요) NGV국가임을
명시할 필요가 있다.
한편 호주는 세계에서 두 번째로 큰
LNG 공급 국가이자 LNG 붐을 일으킬
나라로 자리매김해 가고 있다. 에너지
자문회사인 우드 멕켄지에 따르면
2017년까지 그들의 LNG 수출은 두
배로 늘어날 전망이다. 아시아 시장은
2013 과2018년에는 더 많은 LNG를
사용할 계획이다. 이렇게 되면 호주는
중국, 일본, 인도, 한국과 그 외 아시아
국가 및 북미에 가스를 공급하게 될
것이다. 18개의 LNG 프로젝트(생산
공장)가 현재 호주의 서부, 북부,
동부에서 진행 중이며 그 중 3개는
건설 중이거나 이미 건립되었다. 한편
태즈매니아 섬(호주 남부)에서는 LNG
소형-공장과 충전소가 설립 중이다.
ISO 15500
ISO 9000
BUREAU VERITAS
Certification
Nº 224008 / Nº 105507
10
January 2010
２０１０年ＮＧＶ普及予想⇒年間２００万台以上増加
原油価格が２００９年１０⽉から１２⽉
初旬にかけて１バレル７５⽶ドルと８０
⽶ドルの間で変動していた。エネルギー
アナリストは、原油価格が２０１０年に
は少なくとも１バレル当たり平均８０⽶
ドルに達するだろうと予測している。経
済の回復やまだ動きが少ないが、貿易量
の増加と共にこの予測はＮＧＶビジネス
にとってより⾃信を深めることになる。
する予定。欧州では、フィアットはすで
にGrande Punto, Punto, Multipla,
Doblò, PandaのＣＮＧ⾞を販売している。
PuntoとPandaは共に来年のクライスラ
ーから発売される新しい⼩型⾞の基本⾞
種となることになっている。フィアット
傘下になったクライスラーがミニバンの
ＣＮＧ⾞を⽶国や世界で販売するかどう
か注⽬したい。
２０１５年に５.５％、２０２０年に２０
％の年間成⻑率といった異なる予想をす
る専⾨家もいるが、ＮＧＶ普及の予測に
ついては肯定的である
ＩＧＵ（国際ガス連盟）のスタディーグ
ループ（SG5.3）の分析によると、今か
ら１０年後に１バレル当たり１２０⽶ド
ル、２０年後には１５０⽶ドルと予測さ
れている原油価格により、２０２０年に
約５,０００万台、２０３０年に約１億台
のＮＧＶ普及を予測している。これを⾔
い換えると、２００８年には全⾃動⾞の
内、ＮＧＶが占める割合が１％であった
ものが、２０２０年には４.５％、２０３
０年には７％になることである。天然ガ
スを主としたメタンは２０２０年には１,
０６０億⽴⽅メートル、２０３０年には
２,０７０億⽴⽅メートルまで輸送⽤燃料
として利⽤されるだろう。ＮＧＶが⼤き
く伸びる地域は、アジア太平洋地域（世
界市場の４４％）が第１位で、それに続
き、南アメリカ（２６％）、⻄アジアを
含む中東が１７％で第３位である。
⼀⽅、もう⼀つの欧州⾃動⾞メーカーであ
るフォルクスワーゲンはインドでＣＮＧ⾞
／ＬＰＧ⾞を販売する予定がない。しかし
、インドではＬＤＶ（三輪⾞）からＨＤＶ
（トラック、バス）まですべての⾞種、⾞
両のＣＮＧ改造⾞がたくさんある。
２００９年末までにおよそ１,１００万台
のＮＧＶが世界で⾛っている。ＩＧＵレ
ポートでは２０１０年末までに１,１６４
万台から１,３７０万台になるだろうと予
想している。（２００５年末の普及台数
が４６４万台から予測している。）２０
１０年だけで２００万台も上乗せになる
ことは驚くことではない。（もっとも現
在以上に世界同時不況が深刻にならず、
少なくとも原油価格が安定することが条
件ではあるが。）
アジア
ＩＧＵレポートの「政府による政策シナ
リオ」によると、中東とロシアを含むア
ジアでのＮＧＶ普及台数は２０１５年ま
でに世界で３,４２９万台から２,９４６
万台に対して１,６８２万台から２,１９
９万台になるとしている。「通常のビジ
ネスシナリオ」によると、２０１５年ま
でに世界で２,９１９万台に対してアジア
では１,７２３万台になる。天然ガススタ
ンドでは、２０１５年に世界で３７,６０
１ヶ所に対してアジアでは２８,３６８ヶ
所になる。
下記はアジアにおけるトピックスである。
ＣＮＧ改造⾞
フィアットインドでは、インド市場に
Grande PuntoのＣＮＧ⾞を投⼊する計
画がある。今年の第２四半期までに発売
良いニュースは、マヒンドラ＆マヒンド
ラ社が輸出の可能性も含めて⼩型商⽤ト
ラックGioのＣＮＧ⾞を発売する計画があ
る。まもなくＣＮＧ⾞が発売されるGioは
、タタ社のAce（⼩型商⽤⾞のミニトラ
ック）と三輪⾞の間を狙ったユニークな
⾞である。ＣＮＧ⾞価格は⼤変経済的な
１６５,０００ルピーで、三輪⾞との価格
差はわずか２５,０００〜３０,０００ルピ
ーである。また、ヒンドスタン⾃動⾞の
３トンミニトラックのShifeng
Winner１.８ＣＮＧがBharat Stage 4
(最新のインドの排ガス規制)をクリアし、
昨年９⽉に発売された。
タイでは、トヨタ⾃動⾞が２００９年７
⽉にカムリハイブリッド（ガソリン／電
気）を発売した。その間に⽶国では２台
のカムリハイブリッド（ＣＮＧ／電気）
を作った。ＣＮＧコンポジットボンベを
４本搭載し、⾛⾏距離は４００ｋｍ、１
７０⾺⼒のエンジンで推定燃費は市街地
、⾼速道路、両者の混在のそれぞれで５
２、３９、５３ｋｍである。この⾞はま
だ市販では製造していないので、タイで
はＣＮＧカムリハイブリッドを購⼊する
ことができない。
シボレータイとＧＭは昨年１２⽉に⾃動
⾞ショーでシボレーOptraのステーション
ワゴンとセダンのＣＮＧ⾞を展⽰した。
いくつかの購⼊促進パッケージが販売を
押し上げてきた。購⼊者は⾃分に必要な
インセンティブパッケージを選択するこ
とができる。２５％引きで３６ヶ⽉の無
利息払いや１５％引きで０.９９％利⼦の
３６ヶ⽉分割払いをこのパッケージは含
んでいる。両⽅ともシボレーOptra
ＣＮＧを含むシボレー４モデルのいずれ
の購⼊でも１年間のファーストクラス⾃
動⾞保険が付帯し、ＣＮＧ⾞の場合には
最初の年に１万タイバーツまでのＣＮＧ
燃料代もついてくる。
燃料価格とガス供給
パキスタンのThe Oil and Gas
Regulatory Authorityは、２０１０
年１⽉１⽇からすべてのカテゴリーの顧客
に対して天然ガス価格を１８％値上げする
ことを決定した。ＣＮＧスタンドでは、ガ
ス供給事業者からのガス販売価格が１ＭＭ
ＢＴＵあたり４２７．１５ルピーから５０
４ルピーに引き上げられる予定である。
しかし、政府によるＮＧＶプロジェクト
は継続されており、２００〜２５０台の
ＣＮＧバスに充てんできる⼤型ＣＮＧス
タンドが⾸都カラチにまもなく建設され
る予定である。建設費は１億５,０６０万
ルピーになる。プロジェクトを管理して
いるThe Hydrocarbon Development
Institute of Pakistanは、２０１０
年末までにこの⼤型スタンドがオープンす
ることを期待している。このような⼤型Ｃ
ＮＧスタンドを１５〜２０ヶ所程度カラチ
市内に建設し、４,０００台のＣＮＧバス
にＣＮＧを充てんする計画である。
中国では気温が下がり、北部では豪雪に
なるので、ガス供給は暖房⽤の家庭⽤燃
料としてほとんど利⽤されている。中央
、東部、南部の各省ではガスの供給不⾜
に直⾯している。気温の急激な低下はガ
スパイプラインの流量を低下させ、ＮＧ
Ｖへの充てん時間を⻑くしている。
しかし、寒い冬が過ぎると条件は良くな
る。また、中国⻄部から東部に⾏く第２
の天然ガスパイプラインが２００９年１
２⽉に完成した。海外からのガス供給も
近い将来にオーストラリアから中国がＬ
ＮＧを輸⼊するように開拓を継続してい
る。ガスの専⾨家はガス価格の改訂を検討
しているが、政府は国の経済の安定性も考
慮して２００９年には実⾏しなかった。
⼀時的にガス供給の課題はあるにもかかわ
らず、ＮＧＶ産業は中国で好調を持続して
いるようである。中国が２０１１年にＡＮ
ＧＶＡのＮＧＶ会議・展⽰会を開催するよ
うに政府はＮＧＶ産業を引続き⽀援してい
る。２００９年の世界同時不況の間にも中
国はＮＧＶ普及が減速しなかった唯⼀のＮ
ＧＶ国であることが重要である。
⼀⽅、オーストラリアは世界第２位のＬ
ＮＧ供給国になり、ＬＮＧブームを経験
している。エネルギーコンサルタントの
ウッド・マッケンジー⽒によると、２０
１７年までのＬＮＧ輸出量は２倍になる
だろうと予測されている。アジア市場は
２０１３年と２０１８年にさらにＬＮＧ
が使われると予測している。このケース
では、オーストラリアは中国、⽇本、イ
ンド、韓国、他のアジア諸国、そして北
⽶にガスを供給するだろう。１８のＬＮ
Ｇプロジェクト（ＬＮＧ液化基地）がオ
ーストラリア⻄部、北部、東部で⾏なわ
れており、その内の３つが建設中である
。それとは別に南オーストラリアのタス
マニア島では、ＬＮＧミニプラントと充
てん所が建設中である。
January 2010
11
12
January 2010
14
January 2010
Sekitar 2 juta NGV diperkirakan akan
ditambahkan di tahun 2010
Harga minyak naik turun sekitar USD 75
– hamper USD80 per barrel di bulan
Oktober-permulaan Desember 2009.
Menurut perkiraan pakar enerji harga
minyak di tahun 2010 setidaknya akan
bekisar sekitar 80 USD/bbl. Dengan
adanya prediksi ini plus membaiknya
keadaan ekonomi dunia dan aktifitas
perdagangan membuahkan dampak
positif di industri NGV. Meskipun
pakar-pakar industri ini membuat
macam-macam proyeksi, prognosis
bagi pertumbuhan tahunan dari
populasi NGV sangatlah menjanjikan,
sekitar 5.5% di tahun 2015-20% di
tahun 2020.
Menurut studi IGU SG 5.3, harga
minyak akan mencapai 120 USD/bbl
sepuluh tahun dari sekarang dan 150
USD/bbl dua puluh tahun dari
sekarang, sekitar 50-100 juta
kendaraan berbahan bakar metan
(natural gas) diharapkan akan
beroperasi di tahun 2020 dan 2030.
Hal ini berarti bahwa persentase dari
NGV di industri kendaraan akan
menanjak dari 1% di tahun 2008 ke
4.5% di tahun 2020 dan 7% tahun
2030. Pemakaian metane (NG) di sektor
transport dapat mencapai 106 bcm
tahun 2020 dan 207 bcm tahun 2030.
Pertumbuhan utama dari populasi NGV
diantisipasikan akan terjadi di
Asia-Pasifik (44% dari pasar NGV
global), diikuti oleh Amerika Selatan
(26%), dan region Timur Tengah (termasuk
Asia Barat) di tempat ketiga (17%).
Jumlah NGV di dunia di akhir tahun
2009 sekitar 11 juta. Menurut laporan
IGU di akhir 2010 jumlah NGV akan
mencapai 11.64 – 13.7 juta (proyeksi ini
dibuat berdasarkan jumlah populasi
NGV di akhir tahun 2005 dengan 4.64
juta NGV). Diperkiraan sekitar 2 juta
NGV akan ditambahkan di tahun ini
(dengan asumsi bahwa krisis ekonomi
global tidak akan berlanjut dan harga
minyak, setidaknya, stabil).
Bisnis Dalam Keadaan Normal”, di
tahun 2015, jumlah NGV di Asia versus
di dunia akan menjadi 17.23 juta NGVs
dan 29.19 juta. Di sektor stasiun
pengisian bahan bakar (BBG), 28,368
stasiun dihaparapkan akan dioperasikan
dalam tahun yang sama, versus 37,601
stasiun di dunia.
Di bawah ini adalah beberapa berita
dari seluruh Asia.
Kendaraan versi CNG
Fiat India berencana untuk memasarkan
mobil Grande Punto dalam versi CNG
(CNG variant) di India. Model ini akan
dipasarkan di kwartal kedua 2010. Di
Eropa, Fiat sudah memasarkan CNG
model (OEM) dari Grande Punto, Punto,
Multipla, Doblò dan Panda. Merk Punto
dan Panda akan dijadikan basis model
dari versi baru dari mobil-kecil buatan
Chrysler di tahun-tahun mendatang.
Waktu akan menunjukkan apakah
Chrysler akan menawarkan versi CNG
dari mini-van di USA dan dunia selama
perusahaan ini berada dalam tangan Fiat.
Di lain pihak, merk Eropa lainnya,
Volkswagen, belum berencana memasarkan model CNG/LPG dari mobilmobilnya di India. Meskipun demikian,
India mempunyai banyak CNG variants
di hamper seluruh segmen kendaraan,
dari LDVs (three-wheeler/bajaj) sampai
HDVs (truk dan bis).
Asia
Mahindra & Mahindra berencana untuk
memasarkan mobil-mobil CNG variantnya di lar negeri. Selain itu, model baru
dari CNG variant akan diperkenalkan.
Model ini, Gio, termasuk dalam kategori
unik dari segmen kendaraan utilitas
antara Tata Ace (truk mini/Light
Commercial Vehicle) dan three-wheeler.
Harga Gio CNG sangatlah murah.
Kendaraan ini, seahrga Rs165,000,
hanyalah Rs 25,000-30,000 lebih mahal
dari three-wheelers. Selain itu,
Hindustan Motors Shifeng Winner 1.8
CNG Bharat Stage 4 (standard emisi
India terbaru) 3-ton Mini Truck diperkenalkan September lalu.
Menurut “Skenario Pemerintah” di
laporan IGU, jumlah total NGV di Asia
termasuk Timur Tengah dan Rusia akan
mencapai 16.82-21.99 juta tahun 2015
sedangkan total NGV di dunia sekitar
34.29-39.46 juta. Menurut “Skenario
Di Tailand, Toyota memperkenalkan
mobil Camry Hybrid (bensin/elektrik) di
bulan Juli 2009. Di Amerika, perusahaan ini membuat dua prototip dari
Camry Hybrid CNG/elektrik. Mobil ini
mempunyai 4 tank komposit CNG,
driving range sampai 400km, kapasitas
mesin 170 hp, dengan efisiensi bahan
bakar dalam kota/jalan tol/kombinasi
52/39/53 km/galon. Karena mobil ini
masih belum dipasarkan secara masal,
Hybrid CNG masih belum ditawarkan di
Tailand.
Chevrolet Thailand dan GM
memamerkan Chevrolet Optra
CNG-dalam versi estate dan
sedan-selama pameran mobil di Tailand
bulan Desember lalu.
Chevrolet menawarkan beberapa paket
promosi yang mana pembeli mobil
dapat memilih satu dari beberapa tipe
paket. Macam promosinya terdiri dari
0% bunga bagi pembayaran dalam
jangka 36 bulan dengan 25% uang
muka (DP), dan 0.99% bunga bagi
pembayaran bulanan selama 36 bulan
dengan 15% DP. Selain itu juga
tersedia asuransi mobil premium gratis
selama satu tahun bagi pembeli dari
empat model khusus Chevrolet yang
ditawarkan di pameran tersebut
termasuk Chevrolet Optra. Khusus bagi
pembeli Chevrolet Optra CNG, juga
ditawarkan bahan bakar CNG (BBG)
gratis seharga 10,000 THB selama
tahun pertama sesudah pembelian.
Harga bahan bakar dan
supply gas
Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority di
Pakistan memutuskan untuk menaikkan
tariff natural gas (NG) sebanyak 18%
bagi semua kategori consumer sejak 1
Januari 2010. Bagi pemilik stasiun
CNG (BBG), harga gas dari supplier
naik dari Rs427.15 menjadi Rs504 per
MMBTU.
Di lain pihak, NGV proyek dari
pemerintah akan terus digalakkan.
Satu model mega stasiun BBG dengan
kapasitas layanan 200-250 bis CNG
akan segera dibangun di kota Karachi.
Biaya stasiun ini berkisar sekitar
Rs150.6 juta. Hydrocarbon
Development Institute of Pakistan yang
akan memimpin pelaksanaan proyek ini
mengharapkan stasiun ini akan dibuka
di akhir tahun 2010. Sekitar 15-20
mega stasiun diantisipasikan akan
dibangun di Karachi untuk melayani
4,000 bis BBG.
January 2010
Karena Cina mengalami musim dingin
berat dengan banyak salju terutama di
bagian utara, suply gas diprioritaskan
bagi sektor perumahan (sebagai
pemanas). Provinsi Cina Tengah, Timur
dan Selatan mengalami kekurangan gas
suply. Karena temperature udara turun
secara drastis, aliran bahan bakar di
pipa gas melambat. Dengan demikian,
waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mengisi
bahan bakar gas di kendaraan menjadi
lebih lama.
Namun demikian, kondisi ini mungkin
akan segera membaik ketika musim
dingin berakhir. Selain itu, pipa gas
kedua akan dibangun dengan jalur Cina
Barat-Timur dan direncanakan untuk
dibuka bulan Desember 2009. Cina
juga memperkaya suply gas dari luar
negeri. Salah satunya, LNG (tambahan)
akan diimport dari Australia dalam
jangaka waktu dekat ini. Meskipun
pakar gas menyatakan bahwa reformasi
harga gas segera dibutuhkan,
pemerintah tidak menaikkan harga gas
selama akhir tahun 2009, dengan
background, antara lain untuk mensuport
stabilitas ekonomi domestik.
Industri NGV di Cina diharapkan akan
tetap kuat. Pemerintah diharapkan akan
terus mensuport industri in secara aktif,
terutama karena Cina telah terpilih
sebagai tuan rumah dari konferensi dan
pameran ANGVA2011. Keunggulan
Cina yang patut dicatat tahun ini adalah
kapasitasnya sebagai satu-satunya
negara NGV (besar) yang tidak
menunjukkan penurunan dalam adopsi
dan sales dari NGV dan BG beserta
komponen-komponennya selama krisis
ekonomi global di tahun 2009.
Di lain pihak, Australia diperkirakan akan
menjadi pemasok LNG terbesar kedua
dunia dan diharapkan akan mengalami
sales booming.
LNG export diharapkan akan berlipat
dua pada tahun 2017, menurut enerji
konsultan Wood Mackenzie. Pangsa
pasar Asia diproyeksikan akan menggunakan LNG dalam jumlah yang lebih
banyak lagi di tahun 2013 dan 2018.
Sehubungan dengan hal ini, Australia
juga akan mengexport gasnya ke Cina,
Jepang, India, Korea dan negara Asia
lainnya dan Amerika Utara. Delapan
belas LNG proyek (pusat produksi LNG)
akan dibuka di Australia bagian barat,
utara, dan timur, yang mana 3 unit
sudah atau sedang dibangun. Selain itu,
satu LNG mikro-plant and BBG dibangun di pulau Tasmania (di sebelah selatan Australia).
15
16
January 2010
OEM NGVs and CNG vehicle variants
NGV availability in Asia
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
Australia
HDVs
Iveco
Acco F 2350 6x4 Compactor
CNG Dual Control
T908
Kenwood
Innovation
8x4 rigid truck with Cummins
Wesport C Gas Plus (8.3l) engines.
Dedicated CNG truck
Dedicated LNG trailer
Dedicated LNG truck (Model base
T608)
Dedicated CNG Rigid-Agitator
Mack Australia Mack Granite 8x4 Day Cab
FSR850
FSR700
Isuzu
NPR300
Dedicated CNG trucks
NLR 200
Isuzu CNG NPR 400 Light Truck
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
Bangladesh
LDV
Few Japanese Cars
models
Second-hand bi-fuel cars imported
from Japan (no more than 3-5
years old)
Dedicated CNG mini-truck
Tata Motors
HDV
Ace CNG model 275 CNG 15
Aking
Aking CNG
Dedicated CNG bus imported from
China (Aking is the distributor)
Tata Motors
LPO 1510 CNG
Dedeicated CNG bus (distributed
by Nitol Motor)
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
Korea
LDVs
Hyundai
i-10 Blue CNG
Passenger car- available in Europe
BS090
9 m city bus: 24+1 seats
BS106
10.6 m city bus: 26+29+1 seats
BH115
11.5 m Inter city bus: 45+1
BC211M
11 m Low floor bus: 29+28+1
BV120MA (12 m)
12 m Low floor bus : 25-45 seats
BS120CN (12 m)
12 m Ultra low floor bus: 25-44 seats
LNG bus
In development (for demonstration project)
HDVs
Daewoo
Tata Daewoo
Commercial
Vehicles Co.,
Ltd
Hyundai
Shinjeon
Garbagetruck (Roll Pack) 19.3
Garbage truck (Arm Roll)
11 litre-LNG tractor
Aero City
Aero Inter City
Aero Inter City
Aero City Bus de GNV
Sweeper
11 Ton (Payload)
In development (for demonstration project)
City bus: 21+1 seats
City bus: 38+1 seats
City bus: 45+1 seats
Low-floor bus: 27+1 seats
To be launched
January 2010
17
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
Japan
LDVs
Daihatsu
Honda
Mazda
Mitsubishi Motors
Nissan-Diesel
Hijet Cargo CNG (LE-S320V)
Mira Van CNG (GBD-L250V)
Civic GX
Familia van
Minicab GD-U61V (2WD)
Cargo van
Van
Sedan
Van
Dedicated CNG van
reductions: 20%-30%
AD Van CNGV (CEF-VGY11) Emission
less CO2, 50% less NOx
Caravan CNGV (LC-VPE25)
Wagon R (CBA-MH21S)
Probox CNG (DFE-NCP52V)
Camry
Suzuki
Toyota
Subaru
HDVs
Hino
Legacy TA-BL5
Ranger
Forward
Mazda
Mercedes
Mitsubishi-Fuso
Nissan
Nissan-Diesel
Wagon R (CBA-MH21S)
ERGA low-floor bus
ERGA Mio low-floor bus
Titan AFG-LKR82AN
Citaro G
Fighter NX
Big-size low-floor bus
Canter KK-FE73CEV
Atlas KR-AKR81EP
Condor AFG-BKR82EP
Condor PB-MK36A
Condor PB-PK37A
Specialty vehicle
Kanto Machine Centre
Komatsu Forklift
Mitsubishi Heavy Industry
Sumitomo
Yale Forklift CNG 11-FG25PV1
TCM
TCM
Toyota
Brand
Small Van
Hybrid electric/CNG, concept car
Passenger car
Truck
2 tonnes delivery & garbage
trucks
Elf
Isuzu
Van
4 tonnes delivery & garbage
trucks
Truck
Bus
Bus
Truck
Dedicated CNG bus
Delivery & garbage trucks
Bus
Truck
2 tonnes truck
2 tonnes truck
4 tonnes truck & garbage
truck
7 tonnes truck
Working vehicle
Forklift
Forklift
Forklift
Forklift
Forklift
NGV models
Remarks
Indonesia
HDV
Daewoo
CNG city bus
Bus (engine from Korea,
body/frame and assembly in
Indonesia)
Malaysia
LDV
Naza
Proton
HDV
Kosmo Motor Company
Ria CNG
Citra CNG
Persona CNG
Passenger car
Passenger car
Passenger car (taxi), in plan
Kosmo
Bus
Singapore
LDV
Chevrolet
Mercedes-Benz
Optra Magnum
E200-NGT
Bifuel car
Sedan
18
January 2010
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
Pakistan
LDVs
Adam Motors Co. Ltd.
Dewan
Honda
Indus Motors Co. Ltd.
Isuzu
Pak Suzuki Motor Co.
Shahab Enterprises
TMC
Nexus Autos
HDV
Hino
Yunma
Revo
Civix GX
Daihatsu Cuore
Lancer
Mehran
Alto
Bolan
Cultus
Suzuki Liana
Pervaaz (3 wheeler)
TMC Alif CNG
TMC Bay CNG
TMC Bay Delivery van
Chevrolet
800 cc
Passenger car
Sedan
800 cc
Bifuel cars
125 cc
Bifuel cars
Bifuel delivery van
800 and 1.000 cc
CNG bus
YM6-101-B CNG City Bus
Iran
(Not yet in mass marketing)
Dedicated CNG
Samand
Peugeot 405
Peugeot RD
Peykan
Pride
D class, 1.800 cc, passenger car
C class, 1.800 cc, passenger car
C class, 1.600 cc, passenger car
1.600 cc, pick-up
C class, 1.400 cc, passenger car
Zamyad
2.400 cc, pick up
S60G CNG
S36CNG City Minibus
Garbage collector CNG
Renault Medium
CNG Tipper Renault Medium
Garbage Collector CNG Budsun
CNG Rigid Budsun
CNG city Bus MAN
Thailand3
Midibus
Minibus
Optra CNG
Mercedes E200 NGT
Chevrolet Optra Sedan bi-fuel 1,6
Chevrolet Optra Sedan bi-fuel 1,6
Bifuel car
Bi-fuel passenger car
To be launched end
2006/early 2007.
Expected to enter the market
LDVs
Iran Khodro Co.
Saipa
Saipa Group (Zamyad
subsidiary Co.)
M-HDVs
Saipa Diesel
LDVs
Chevrolet
DaimlerChrysler
General Motors4
Honda
Monika
Toyota Motor Thailand
Co., Ltd.
Corolla Altis
Limo CNG (Altis)
Hilux Vigo Pick Up
Persona CNG
Volvo
HDV
(S80)
Chevrolet
Colorado dual fuel
Summitr Motors
Yantia Shuchi Vehicle Co
Truck
Truck
Truck
Bus
CNG tuk-tuk
Proton
Hino
Truck
Passenger car, launching by
end 2008
Bifuel car
Bifuel pick up
Multifuel
(CNG/gasoline/alcohol)
Expected to enter the market
Pick-up truck to run on 80%
CNG and 20% diesel. Can
be switched to 100% diesel.
FM-CNG version
Tractor truck
FG-CNG version
Assembly of CNG buses and trucks
In plan: opening an NG bus plant
NG bus(es)
and investment in fuelling facility
January 2010
19
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
India
LDV-MDvs
Atul Auto
Bajaj Auto
CNG three wheelers
One-tonne twee-wheeler
Dedicated CNG
Powered by CNG/gasoline
to be launched
Tavera
DaimlerChrysler
Mercedes NGT
Fiat
Ford
Palio
Ikon Flair CNG
Chevrolet Optra
General Motors India
Passenger car, imported on
demand
Bifuel car
Bi-fuel car
Bi-fuel car with 140-150km
coverage on full fuel tank.
The running cost is 70%
cheaper than the gasoline
version (Rs.1.92/km with
CNG vs Rs. 5.20/km with
gasoline)
Chevrolet Spark
Chevrolet Aveo U-VA
Chevrolet Aveo
Upper premium compact
segment car
Midsize car
All future GM cars (including
Cruze, Beat and the new
Aveo) to be launched in CNG To be launched
version as well
Hindustan Motors
Ambassador
Passenger car (factory-fitted
CNGV)
Hindustan Motors &
Mitsubishi Motors
Mitsubishi Lancer 1.5 litre
Passenger car
Santro Xing CNG
Accent
Champion CNG
Tempo
Alfa
Scorpio CNG
Bolero
Mahindra CNG 3 door
Maxx Maxi Truck
Compact car
Bi-fuel car/taxi
Large three-wheelers
Three-wheeler
Small three-wheeeler
SUV, in plan
Pick-up, dedicated CNG
Sport Utility Vehicle bifuel
Dedicated CNG pick-up
Lancer
Passenger car with 1,5 litre
engine
Hyundai Motors
Mahindra & Mahindra
Mitsubishi & Hindustan
Motor
Mitusbishi and Renault
Maruti Udyong Ltd
Renult Logan
Omni 5-seater CNG
Alto CNG
Tata Engineering and
Indica-CNG
Locomotive Company Ltd
Indigo Marina
TATA 407 CNG
Tata Motors
Ace
Toyota Kirloskar Motor
Corolla Altis
Innova
Bifuel car
Passenger car
Passenger car
Bi-fuel passenger car with
5-seaters hatchback, BS III
compliant (Bharat stage III is
India's emission standard)
4 tonnes GVW truck
0.75 tonnes mini truck,
dedicated CNG
Premium sedan
Multi Untility Vehicles
HDV
Tata Motors
Kinglong
Piaggio
Long distance LPO 1510 CNG Chassis of intra-city bus
Starbus Ultra Low Floor-LPO
Fully built bus, intra city bus
1623 CNG
Dedicated CNG bus
Bus
imported from China
CNG Ape
Truck
20
January 2010
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
China
LDVs
Astro Motor Technical Co.
CNG three-wheeler
CK150ZK-1
CK2002ZK
Auto Rickshaw
CK250ZK Rear Water Cooled Tricycle
VX150ZK
BIGMT125-6b CNG
Bigmt125-6 CNG
110cc-1(horizontal engine) CD70-21
125cc-4(vertical engine)
China Congqing Big Science &
CNG Motorcycle (110cc-3&125cc-3)
125cc-5(stand engine)
Technology (Group)
125CC-5(vertical engine)
(125cc water-cooling engine)
125cc-4(horizontal engine)
CNG 650cc Minibus
Chinese Motor Industrial Co.
CNG tricycle 175cc
Bifuel 125cc motorcylce
Middle engine tricycle
Chongqing Hengtong Bus Co.,
Tricycle goods
Ltd.
Tricycle bifuel (gasoline and CNG)
Low Flooring Mini Bus
Chongqing Rightway Industry
Three-Wheelers CNG
Chongqing Tengzhou Moto Co., Liyang LY150ZH-1
Biyadi Automobile Co., Ltd
Biyadi QCJ7160A/CNG
Chery SQR7160E/CNG
Chery Automobile Co., Ltd
Chery SQR7162A15/CNG
Chery SQR7200/CNG
Chongqing Chanan Suzuki
Chanan SC7130B
CNG car 650 CC
China CNG Bus
CNG car 650 cc Minibus Yellow
Dongfeng Citroën
Citroën Elisee
Dongfeng EQ102H15QAC
Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd
Dongfeng EQ6490H15QAC
Dongfeng Citroen DC7163MAN
Dongfeng Citroen DC7163RAN
Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen
Shenlong Fukang DC7142RDN
Automobile Co., Ltd
Shenlong Fukang DC7142EDN
Shenlong Fukang DC7142EAN
Dongfeng Yueda Kia Automobile Kia YQZ7130CNG
FAW
Hongqi CA7180G4
Jetta FV7160CiF.C
Jetta FV7160CiX.C
FAW Volkswagen Automobile Co., Jetta FV7160CiX/CNG
Jetta FV7160CiF.C
Ltd
Jetta FV7160GiX.C
Jetta FV7160CiX/CNG
BIGMT110cc-1
BIGMT 110cc-2
BGMT Tailand Honda 110-3
BIGMT125cc-4
Honda
BIGMT110cc-4
Dedicated CNG
Bifuel Auto rickshaw (tricycle)
Bifuel Auto rickshaw (tricycle)
CNG/diesel autorickshaw
Bifuel tricycle
Motorcycle
Bifuel minibus
Dedicated CNG tricycle
Motorcycle
Three-wheeler
Three-wheeler
Three-wheeler
Dual fuel CNG/diesel
Three-wheeler
Disabled tricycle
Bi-fuel cars
Car
Minibus
Bifuel car
Bi-fuel light-duty truck
Bi-fuel cars
Bi-fuel motorcycles
BGMT150cc-1
BIGMT150cc-2 (Water Cooling Model)
JMC Brand
JMC Brand CNG 3 Wheeler
Dedicated CNG three-wheelers
CQBUS - Kingtonliyang
Kingtonliyang KT125CNG-3
CNG motorcycle
Lifan
Lifan 520
Passenger car
Mudan
CNG 3-Ton Light Truck
Dedicated CNG truck
Shanghai Volkswagen Automobile
Santana SVW7180Kei
Jinbei SY6483LT1
Shenyang Brilliance Jinbei Co.,
Jinbei SY6483LT2
Ltd
Zhonghua SY7200T
Vela CA7156UM
Vela CA7166UM
Xiali TJ7101AULM
Tianjin FAW Xiali Automobile Co.,
Xiali TJ7101AUM
Ltd
Xiali TJ7101BLM
Xiali TJ7101BUM
Xiali TJ7101UM
Toyota
Limo CNG
Vision
Geely
King Kong
Free Ship
Bi-fuel cars
Bi-fuel car
Passenger cars
January 2010
21
Brand
NGV models
Remarks
HDVs
Ainy Ele-Mechanical Co.
CKZ6180 CNG City Bus
Anhui Hualing Automobile
Hualing Star HN4180PT23C4M CNG Tractor Dedicated CNG tractor
Beijing Bus General Plant
Jinghua BK6141CNG Hinge Jointed City Bus
Dedicated CNG bus
Changjiang CJ6110G3Y7H Bus
Changzhou Iveco Bus Co., Ltd
Changjiang CJ6110SG2Y7H
Changjiang CJ6110SG2YH
Changjiang CJ6120G2Y7H Bus
China Vehicles Co., Ltd
Tourist bus
Chongqing CNG Technologies
CNG bus
Chongqing Jiangchuan
Chuanjiang CJQ6790KCS Bus
CKZ6123 Chongqing Hengtong Bus
Dedicated CNG buses
Dedicated CNG version and bifuel
CKZ6108
QB210-20
CA6105ZLQ
Chongqing Hengtong Bus
CA6DF2D-18
EQB180-20
Dual fuel CNG/diesel buses
YC6112ZLQ
CA6DF2-24
YC6105ZLQ
Core Asia Transmart
NG dual fuel truck
CNG/diesel and LNG/diesel truck
Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd
Dongfeng EQ6830RACN Bus
Dedicated CNG buses
Dongfeng EQ6111RCDN Bus
Dongfeng EQ6122KS Bus
Dedicated CNG buses
Dongfeng EQ1165F Truck
Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd
Dongfeng EQ1165K2 Truck
Dongfeng EQ1140GL1 Truck
Dongfeng EQ1140GL Truck
Dedicated CNG trucks
Dongfeng EQ1250GL2 Truck
Dongfeng EQ1250GL3 Truck
Dongfeng Nanchong Automobile Dongfeng EQ6590PC1 Bus
Co., Ltd
Dongfeng EQ6590PC Bus
Jiefang CA1127L5A CNG Truck
First Auto Works (FAW)
Jiefang CA1150P1L1A80 CNG Truck
Dual fuel buses
Dedicated CNG trucks
Jiefang CA6101D92-9 Bus
JiefangCA6110D118-1T Bus
Hengtong
Iveco
Irisbus Iveco CityClass CNG
Jiangsu Youyi Automobile Co.
ZGT6100A CNG
Dedicated CNG bus
King Long
Nanjing Jinling Double- decker
JinlngJLY6101SA CNG
Bus Plant
JinlngJLY6101SB CNG
Mudan
CNG 3-Ton Light Truck
Dedicated CNG truck
Shanqi SX4254BK294T Tractor
Dedicated CNG tractor
Shanqi SX6112F Luxury City Bus
Dedicated CNG bus
Shanqi SX6112C City Bus
Dual fuel bus
SHAC SH4251A4B31K Tractor
Dedicated CNG tractor
FDG6121B
Dedicated CNG bus for sight seeing
FDG6121F
Dedicated CNG bus
Arm Roll CNG Refused Truck
Dedicated CNG
Shaanxi Automobile (Group)
Shanghai Huizhong Automobile
Shenzeng Wuzhoulong Automobile
Tata Daewoo
Yaxing-Benz Motor Coach Co.,Ltd Yaxing YBL6110GNH Bus Chassis(Class 3) Dedicated CNG bus
The company was reported to have
Yantia Shuchi Vehicle Co
NGV buses
120 models of NGVs exported to
Europe, Japan, Bangladesh and
Pakistan
Yuchai Diesel Engine Co.,Ltd
For export purposes
Yuejin Automobile(Group)Co., Ltd Yuejin NJ67001M5EG Bus Chassis(Class 3) Dedicated CNG bus
Yunma Aircraft Manufacturing
YM6-101-B
Dedicated CNG City Bus
Zhongda Industrial Group Co.
JLY6101SA
CNG bus and double deck buses
22
January 2010
IGU SG 5.3: technology development
and an overview of NGV industry today
The previous
IGU S.G. 5.3
report for the
2003 – 2006 triennium provided a
comprehensive overview and analysis of
existing fuels and technologies
covering: petrol and diesel automotive
technologies: state-of-the-art; hybrid
vehicles; natural gas vehicles and
power-trains; compressed natural gas
(CNG) technology; on board storage
and filling; liquefied natural gas (LNG);
bio-methane; synthetic fuels produced
from natural gas; hydrogen produced
from natural gas; and off-road
applications. This chapter presents a
chronological overview of NGV
technology development in last decade .
Since the advent of NGVs in Italy in the
1930s, natural gas vehicle technology
has made steady improvements and, in
some cases, technological ‘leaps’ as
they have begun to penetrate world
country markets. Most of the
improvements and subsequent
“generations” of NGVs have, however,
mirrored the dramatic changes experienced in the standard gasoline and
diesel engines and vehicles.
Manufacturers of gasoline and diesel
vehicles/engines typically have used
NGVs as the benchmark for ‘what is a
clean vehicle?’ The most recent diesel
engines with selective catalytic
reduction (SCR) systems are being
touted as ‘cleaner than natural gas’ but,
in reality, considering all the regulated
and unregulated pollutants, NGVs still
are ‘cleaner’ than the best diesel
technologies. And so it has been that
improvements in the basic gasoline and
diesel systems, when natural gas is
adapted into these technologies,
continue to produce superior emission
improvements and at a performance
level similar to gasoline engines and that
is closing in on that of diesel internal
combustion engine technologies.
The IGU Report (Study Group 5.3) for
the 2003-2006 triennium, “Global
Opportunities for Natural Gas as a
Transportation Fuel for Today and
Tomorrow”, presented the various
generational changes in the basic
retrofit NGV systems:
® First generation with completely
mechanical fuel system (carburettor
vehicles without catalytic converter);
® Second generation with basically
mechanical fuel system with electronic
feedback control or electronically
controlled fuel system without feedback
control (closed-loop carburettor and
throttle body injection / single port
injection engines (corresponding to Euro
1 / 2 standard);
® Third generation with multi-point fuel
injection, electronic control and feedback
(closed-loop multi point gaseous injection
system engines with group injection or
continuous injection (corresponding to
Euro 2 / 3 standard)); and
® Fourth generation which is like third
generation but with OBD capabilities;
closed-loop and lean-burn sequential
multi-point gaseous injection system
engines.
It is these systems that have
correspondingly over time been used in
standard OEM gasoline vehicles, with
the fourth generation, OBD compatible
system, the one of choice for the most
highly developed, currently available
gasoline engines.
CNG cylinders, in parallel, also have
seen new ‘generations’ as the need for
lighter weight and increased fuel capacity
was driven by customer requirements.
Period
The all-steel cylinder is the ‘first’
generation (excluding the historical
rubber-lined canvas bags as ‘first’ type
of non-pressurized gas storage container).
The development of the fibreglass,
hoop wound aluminium cylinder can be
considered a ‘Second Generation’
departure from the all-steel cylinder that
began in 1982/1983 in the US. The
move to Type 3 fully wrapped metal
liner cylinder is a further development
from the Type 2 hoop-wrapped cylinder.
The development of the 100% full
composite CNG cylinders that emerged
from aeronautic technology represents
a third ‘generation’ of CNG storage.
Further refinement of these Type 4
cylinders so far have been refinements
of this third generation fuel storage
technology. However, Type I cylinders
generally are the most popular ones
due to their lower prices compared to
other types of cylinders.
Table 8 - Chronological Overview of
NGV Technologies Development
(emphasis on Europe)
1-Information for Europe provided by John
Baldwin (CNG Services Ltd.), Peter Boisen
(NGVA Europe) and Jeffrey Seisler (Clean Fuels
Consulting). State-of-the-art in Russian NGV
market is described in detail by Eugene Pronin
(Gazprom / NGVRUS). In depth review of U.S.
development has been provided by Rich
Kolodziej (IANGV / NGV America).
State of the art
generation NGVs, petrol conversions, tanks (cylinders) in boot of the car. In
< 1st
1997 – 2000 period: first generation factory built Volvo S70/V70 with cylinder in
2000 luggage space. In 1998 factory built Fiat Multipla with under floor cylinders.
2001 2nd generation factory built Volvo S80 / V70 / S60 with under floor cylinders.
2002 2nd generation factory built VW Golf and Opel Astra with under floor cylinders.
Factory built Fiat Punto and Doblò with cylinder in luggage space. Various French
2003 cars with cylinders in luggage space (Citroën Berlingo, Peugeot Partner, Renault
Kangoo, Citroën CX3).
Factory built Mercedes Benz E 200 NGT with compressor engine, but still with
2004 cylinders in luggage space.
2nd generation factory built Opel Zafira and Combo with under floor cylinders.
2006 2nd generation factory built VW Caddy and Touran with under floor cylinders.
2007 Factory built Fiat Panda with under floor cylinders.
Factory built Mercedes Benz E 170 NGT with under floor cylinders.
2008
Opel Zafira, 1.6 litre turbo engine, 150 hp.
3rd generation, Passat TSI, 1.4 litre, twin compressor plus turbocharger , > 450
km range, 150 bhp, 0 – 60 in 9.5 sec, ~120 g/km CO2
generation – adding of stop-start technology, add regenerative braking, lower
2012 4th
CO2/km to <100 g/km, range now 550 km.
January 2010
23
The offer of light duty NGVs in Europe
(EEA - European Economic Area) can
be split into four categories :
natural gas vehicles directly supplied
from an OEM and vehicles using
converted engines.
1. OEM sales of light duty cars and
vans with a European Whole Vehicle
Type approval. Such vehicles are
accompanied by a CoC (Certificate of
Conformity) and registration of such
vehicles must be approved by the
national road authorities in all EU
countries and also other countries
accepting EC type approvals.
In Europe, the vast majority of new NGV
registrations now consist of OEM
products, or QVM conversions made
with the approval of the concerned
OEM. Looking at LPG powered
vehicles, the situation is quite different.
Here the market is mainly based on
retrofitting of light duty gasoline
powered vehicles.
2. QVM (Qualified Vehicle Modifier)
conversions of brand new vehicles with
the explicit support of the OEM vehicle
manufacturer. Such conversions would
normally be made in line with the ECE
R115 regulation and the customer will
have all normal warranties (some
directly from the manufacturer, and
some from the QVM). German offers of
Ford cars and vans, also Volkswagen
vans, follow this model.
Outside Europe, retrofitting solutions
make up the bulk of the NGV volumes
but with a gradually increasing share of
OEM offers.
3. Same as (2) above, but without the
explicit support of the concerned OEM.
In these cases it is important for the
customer to determine to what extent
the OEM warranties and product liability
are still valid.
4. Aftermarket retrofitting of conversion
solutions, sometimes in line with ECE
R115, sometimes in line with other
older national regulations (depending
upon country). The OEMs will usually
not accept any warranty or product
liability claims for failures, which can
directly or indirectly be attributed to the
conversion.
When listing European NGV offers it is
important to make a distinction
between: (A) light duty natural gas
vehicles with a European Whole Vehicle
Type approval; (B) medium/heavy duty
natural gas vehicles with a European or
national type approval arranged via the
OEM; (C) QVM conversions of new
natural gas vehicles made with the
approval of the OEM; (D) QVM
conversions of new natural gas vehicles
made without the approval of the
concerned OEM; and (E) other
conversions of new or used vehicles.
For MD/HD vehicles, OEMs may, on a
voluntary basis, issue whole vehicle
type approvals but the normal
procedure is to have the engines
certified according to the EC regulations
and then have a national type approval
of the complete vehicle. There is
obviously a clear distinction between
OEM products also are being
developed outside Europe to meet the
growing Asian demand for vehicles.
Though still dominated by a wide range
of different quality retrofit systems,
various OEMs have light, medium and
heavy duty NGVs, though they currently
tend to be Euro 3, with some at the
Euro 4 quality vehicles, since the Asian
emissions standards tend to be one or
two steps behind emissions levels being
produced in Europe, Japanese and
Korean NGVs.
TATA in India is providing the light duty
Xenon, Magic Van, Winger, and Ace.
Ashok Leyland produces the Viking
CNG BS-III. (Tata also produces three
separate CNG bus models and one ton,
five, and eight ton vehicles designed for
passenger and commercial applications).
In the U.S market there are OEM light
duty sedans (American Honda Civic GX)
as well as Small Vehicle Manufacturers
(SVM) sedans (Ford 4.6L Crown
Victoria, Lincoln Town Car and Mercury
Grand Marquis (BAF), Chevy Impala 3.5
and 3.9L V-6 dedicated (Natural Drive)
Ford Focus, 2.0L bi-fuel and dedicated
Ford Focus (Altech-Eco) and SVM light
trucks and vans (commercial work
trucks and vans): Chevy
G1500/2500/3500 Series vans with
6.0L engine (Baytech, IMPCO), Chevy
G4500 cab+chassis with 6.0L, Chevy
C/K1500/2500/3500 series pick-ups
with 6.0L engine (Baytech, IMPCO),
Ford F150/250/350 (BAF, FuelTek), Ford
E350 series vans with 5.4L (BAF)).
In the heavy duty segment (vehicles
above 12 tonnes) current OEM offers in
Europe include buses with a typical
engine size of around eight litres.
Engines are available from Daimler,
Iveco, MAN, Scania, Tedom (a relatively
small Czech manufacturer), and AB
Volvo, leaving DAF as the only
European HD engine manufacturer
currently without a gas engine offer.
Bus chassis including engines, often
also bodies, are sometimes offered
directly from the OEM or sometimes
from independent bus manufacturers.
Daimler buses sometimes are marketed
as Evobus or sometimes as Mercedes
Citaro. MAN products are under both
the MAN name and as Neoplan. Buses
with Iveco engines are marketed in the
Iveco brand and in Irisbus or Karosa buses.
Scania has not been very active
concerning natural gas powered buses
within Europe (a few buses in Iceland
and also in the Swedish town of
Eskilstuna) but has sold many buses in
Australia (a right hand drive market).
RVI (Renault Vehicules Industrielle) now
is part of the AB Volvo group (also
including American Mack and Japanese
Nissan Diesel). Within Europe, engines
up to the eight litre size are
manufactured in France, and larger in
Sweden. The French bus manufacturer
Heuliez usually uses RVI engines.
Renault trucks also have an agreement
with Russian GAZ group subsidiary
RusPromAuto to supply common rail
direct injection (cDi) engines.
Ekobus, a small Czech bus
manufacturer, uses Cummins Westport
gas engines imported from America.
Russia (re)started development and
production in OEM Heavy Duty
segment: trucks and buses. Kamaz
manufactures dedicated natural gas
chassis which is used for different types
of general and special purpose vehicles.
Powered with an 11.76 litre 260 HP gas
engine, KAMAZ vehicle can drive up to
500 kilometres with one filling. The
engine takes 29.1 normal m3 per 100
kilometres. According to customer
request, the on-board gas storage may
have different volume.
Kamaz company has a separate bus
division named Nefaz which also markets OEM NGVs. The Nefaz 30-31 bus
carries the same dedicated natural gas
engine as the Kamaz truck. Natural gas
is stored in high pressure cylinders for
197 normal m3. It is sufficient enough
Continue to page 22
24
Continued from page 21
Kamaz 65116-40 CNG (OEM, range
approx. 400 km), taken at Gassuf 2008
expo in Russia
to drive 560 kilometres with one filling.
Gas consumption equals 35 normal m3
per 100 kilometres.
There are two more gas bus original
manufacturers today in Russia: Liaz and
Paz companies. Both companies use
dedicated natural gas engines from
Cummins. These buses are extensively
used in Moscow and Togliatti.
Daimler is offering Econic natural gas
trucks using the same engines as the
Evobus/Citaro buses, and the Iveco
Stralis trucks use the same engines as
Iveco/Irisbus/Karosa buses. Volvo also
may offer trucks using the same
engines as in Volvo bus models.
In the United States, the heavy-duty
and medium-heavy segments have
received the most marketing focus from
the NGV industry. In 2008, Westport
Innovations introduced their
high-pressure, direct injection LNG
ISX-G engine. Based on the Cummins
ISX diesel engine with cooled engine
gas recirculation, the LNG version of the
engine offers the same horsepower,
torque, and efficiency as the base diesel
engine it is replacing. The Westport
LNG system is certified to 0.8 g/bhp-hr
NOx and 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM. The
Westport GX 15L engine is available
with 400 and 450 horsepower ratings
and up to 1 750 lb-ft torque for
heavy-duty port, freight and vocational
applications.
LNG fuel tanks can be configured to
suit customer range requirements. The
Westport GX is currently available in
factory assembled Kenworth T800 LNG
and Peterbilt 386, 387, and 367
January 2010
models, and is offered for use in various
applications including port drayage
trucks, heavy-haul trucks, refuse
transfer, dump trucks, roll-offs, line-haul,
and other vocational applications.
Cummins-Westport, a partnership
between Cummins Engine Company
and Westport Innovations, produces the
ISL G. The ISL G engine is available in
ratings from 250 to 320 horsepower,
and already meets the strict U.S. EPA
2010 emission standards (0.2 g/bhp-hr
NOx and 0.01 g/bhp-hr PM). The
engine combines Cummins exhaust gas
recirculation technology with a
three-way catalyst to offer improved
efficiency and lower costs. The ISL G is
specified for the following heavy-duty
vehicles: trash collection trucks (Crane
Carrier LET, Autocar Xpeditor, ALF
Condor, Peterbilt LCF 320 and Mack
TerraPro); Buses, shuttles and trolleys
(NABI, New Flyer, Orion, Thomas,
ElDorado, Blue Bird, variety of
shuttle/trolley upfitters using FCC MB55
chassis); street sweepers (Elgin,
Tymco, Schwarze, Allianz-Johnston);
and work /vocational trucks (Sterling L
series transition to Freightliner M2
tractor, then straight truck; Freightliner
Custom Chassis MT45/55; Ottawa;
Capacity yard hostlers).
A third company, Emissions Solutions,
produces a “drop-in” replacement
engine for the very popular Navistar
(International) diesel DT466 and
MaxxForceDT engines. The DT466
replacement engine (the Phoenix NG
7.6L) produces 175-265 hp and
460-820 lb-ft of torque. The
MaxxForceDT replacement (the Phoenix
NG 9.3L) produces 350 hp and 1200
ft-lb torque. Both are dedicated
spark-ignited engines. The Emissions
Solutions engines are repower options
for food/beverage delivery trucks; refuse
trucks, school buses, and utility/public
works trucks.
gasoline-powered trucks and shuttle
bus chasses, including: the Chevy
W3500/W4500 and Isuzu NPR and
NPR HD COE with a 6.0L engine; the
Chevy C6500/7500/8500 Topkick work
trucks with a 8.1L engine; the Chevy
G3500 Series cutaways with a 6.0L
engine; the Chevy G4500 series
cutaway with a 6.0L; the Ford E450
series cutaways with a 6.8L engine; and
the Chevy C4500/5500 cutaways with a
8.1L engine.
In addition to the above-mentioned
products (globally) there also is a
considerable interest in dual fuel
conversions offered by Clean Air Power
[CAP], the Hardstaff Group, and others.
(See Chapter on real life experiences).
From a technical point-of-view, medium
and light duty vehicles could be fitted
with dual fuel conversion systems.
Vehicles in the weight class 3.5 - 12
tonnes are defined as medium duty
vehicles. Many of these vehicles are in
the 3.5 - 6 tonne range with the same
vehicle available in three different
configurations - vans, trucks, or small
buses. Iveco Daily and Mercedes
Sprinter are two typical examples of
OEM offers, both available with natural
gas engines.
There also are other vehicles with this
type of configuration that usually belong
in the light duty class (up to 3.5 tonnes),
but sometimes in the medium duty
class (above 3.5 tonnes). Fiat Ducato is
one example. Other vehicles in this
class are Volkswagen Transporter and
Ford Transit, both offered as QVM
conversions approved by the vehicle
manufacturer. In France, this class can
be found in the Boxer and Jumper
models, both from Citroën and Peugeot
respectively, and in the Renault Master.
In the medium-duty market, Cummins
Westport offers its 5.9L B Gas Plus
engine. This engine is factory available
from Freightliner Custom Chassis in
their MT 45 and MT 55 walk-in van
chasses and MB55 bus chassis. These
chasses are used in a wide range truck
and shuttle bus applications.
In addition, aftermarket conversion
system manufacturers (e.g., Baytech
Corporation BAF Technologies IMPCO
[FSS], Natural Drive) offer aftermarket
conversion for a range of medium
Iveco Eurocargo CNG (OEM)
January 2010
25
Emissions of Iveco Cursor 8 CNG engine vs. present and
future Euro limits
Available OEM natural gas technology
already offers superior emissions often
below environmentally enhance vehicle
(EEV) limits. Emission comparison
based on Iveco Cursor 8 CNG engines
far below the EEV limit, as presented in
Figure below.
Furthermore, NOx emission is
compared with existing diesel technology,
but also with fuel cells technologies and
conventional fuel hybrids.
China represents the single most
actively growing OEM market worldwide
for vehicles and engines and their
manufacturers are actively selling
products domestically and in other
Asian markets, with numbers of them
seeking to penetrate new markets in
South America, Eastern Europe and
elsewhere. Though more expensive
than domestically produced natural gas
engines, both Cummins and Iveco have
presence in China and are selling
engines for HDV and bus applications,
in particular. Other international
equipment suppliers and European
NGV conversion systems manufacturers
also are doing business in China. In
2007, 58 vehicle manufacturers in
China produced 347 NGV models
(including independent chassis but not
types of vehicles), covering buses, cars,
trucks and utility vehicles.
Eighteen engine manufacturers offered
98 types of NGV engine models with
the power ranging from 64 kW to 250
kW. More domestic LDV and HDV
OEMs are entering the market with a
wide variety of equipment. Liquefied
natural gas vehicles (L-NGVs) fleet use
is expanding and LNG use will become
increasingly significant as part of the
NGV mix in the future.
Another exciting aspect of the “NGV
opportunity” is that natural gas can be
used in almost any type of
NOx Emissions Comparison : Diesel Versus Alternative
Technologies, by Iveco
petroleum-fuelled engine for almost any
application, including marine and
railway vehicles. Experimental airplanes
and helicopters also have been
developed as ‘proof of concept’ NGVs.
Dual-fuel diesel/natural gas engines first
appeared in the early 1980s (almost in
parallel in the U.S, Italy and Russia)
based on a simple fumigation principle
that added natural gas into the intake
airstream. Today these environmentally
‘unreliable’ systems have become
electronically controlled and a variety of
new developments, including high
pressure direct injection, will create new
opportunities for long-haul and other
large, heavy duty vehicle applications.
The addition of liquefied natural gas
(LNG), borne into NGVs as the need for
additional fuel capacity and vehicle
range emerged, is yet another very
positive development for vehicular
natural gas applications. Increasing
demands by government emissions and
environmental regulators will continue to
help and positively influence NGV
development in the future.
In future, OEMs will apply their technical
skills to adapting their gasoline and
diesel engines for superior performance
and emissions running on natural gas.
But it is unlikely that the OEMs will
produce the natural gas vehicle
components.
As increasingly more OEMs develop
and produce NGVs, the upcoming
challenge for the NGV industry will be to
supply the OEMs with the highest
quality ‘zero-defect’ components in the
quantities that many developing NGV
markets will demand. If this can be
done, even by a handful of highly
dependable equipment suppliers with
worldwide distribution then, ultimately,
NGVs will move away from retrofit
dominance in the market to become a
true fuel alternative.
The industry welcomes the
improvements of gasoline and diesel
engines because the better these
technologies become, the better it is for
NGVs since a ‘better’ fuel typically will
make for a better engine, running on
natural gas.
It is clear today that off-road
applications of natural gas within the
transportation sector will expand.
In-door natural gas forklifts have been
around for several years. They are popular
in indoor production and storage
facilities in a number of countries.
The agricultural sector is another very
promising market for NGV technologies.
This sector consumes a lot of diesel
fuel, which is a factor of the high cost of
the end product. In a number of
Russian agricultural cooperatives,
farmers have converted their diesel
tractors to use natural gas. Although
dual-fuel technologies for ICE are less
efficient both economically and
environmentally (compared to dedicated
natural gas systems), they offer at least
25% fuel cost savings.
The very recent breakthrough in the
NGV technologies was achieved in
Russia in 2009. The use of natural gas
for rail-road locomotives has been
investigated for decades now. Positive
results have been achieved in Russia,
USA, Germany, and Peru. However the
real success came with installation of a
gas turbine to drive the locomotive's
power generator. The GT-1 locomotive
has one NK gas turbine with rated
power of 8 300 kW and carries 17 tons
of LNG. In January 2009 the GT-1 locomotive set a new world record for a single rail-way engine: it was successfully
tested with a load of 15 200 tons.
Continued on page 24
26
January 2010
Continued from page 23
Compared to a conventional diesel
locomotive, the LNG GT-1 saved 30%
of the fuel cost.
Hydrogen is not forgotten by the NGV
community. A Russian prototype vehicle
equipped with a small on-board
converter which generates hydrogen
from natural gas and adds it (7 – 15%)
to the fuel mixture is shown in Figure
bellow. This addition of a small amount
of hydrogen helps improve the
environmental performance and operation
of the NGV. An advantage of this
technology is that there is no need to
separately store hydrogen on-board.
Source: IGU S.G. 5.3 Final report
Download the full report at
http://www.iangv.org/toolsresources/reports.html?func=select
&id=13
Or visit the IGU Knowledge
Database at
http://www.igu.org/knowledge
For more information, contact:
Davor Matic [email protected]
or Eugene Pronin
[email protected]
CNG QVM forklift
(Gazprom, Kazan', Russia)
CNG QVM Belarus tractor (photo by
NGVRUS, Omsk, Russia)
LNG gas turbine GT-1 locomotive
(Russian Railways, Moscow, Russia)
Natural Gas-Hydrogen blend vehicle
(photo by NGVRUS Railways, Moscow)
January 2010
27
28
January 2010
www.hwa-young.co.kr
Chinese CNG
engines for Bolivia
The presence of China NGV industry is affirmed in more
countries across Asia and South America. More and more
countries in these regions are using China’s NGV-related
products, mainly CNG engines and buses apart from
cylinders.
In Santa Cruz, the biggest city in Bolivia, conversion of
diesel buses to CNG system will be activated.
This programme is supported by the government as it
plans to approve the purchase of 6,000 units of CNG
engines from China. The conversion will be carried out with
full funding (for free).
Alternative Fuel
System’s Components
• High-Low Pressure Regulators
• CNG Fuel Filter
Hwaa Youngg Co.,Ltd.
#1063-14, Eu-Bang Dong, Kim-Hae City, Kyung-Nam Do, S.KOREA
Tel: +82-55-322-2201 Fax : +82-55-322-2208
www.hwa-young.co.kr,, [email protected]
This month, four units of 4500 cc engines, will be imported
to this country for a full testing. Upon the completion and
success of the test, final approval for purchase can be given.
Bolivia has about 65,000 buses that require change or
conversion. Meanwhile, in La Paz City, 30,000 CNG
engines are required for the conversion. Santa Cruz and
Cochabamba were reported to have about 45,000 vehicles.
Bolivia’s National Hydrocarbon Agency (ANH) has given the
green light for the start up of CNG conversion programme in
Cochabamba.
January 2010
29
30
January 2010
Safety Corner
Examples and tips of safety in NGVs and CNG stations
In manufacturing, installing the CNG
system and operating the vehicle as
well as the fuelling station, conformation
to the (international) standards and
(local) regulation is persistently
underlined and insisted by authorities
and NGV experts.
Failing to do so could lead to
unnecessary vehicle accidents and
fatalities.
Below are several examples of past
accidents caused by the not
considering safety the first priority.
Cylinders burst and vehicle explosion
during gas refuelling can be the result of:
• Using LPG/water/O2 tanks and/or
substandard tanks instead of CNG
cylinders. CNG cylinders are designed
and manufactured to withhold up to
200-220 bar gas pressure, while others,
such as LPG tank, can stand only up to
10 bar. Putting a 200 bar gas (CNG)
pressure to an LPG tank will easily
cause tank outburst/explosion that
could lead to vehicle blast;
• Adding LPG tank to a vehicle with
existing CNG cylinders;
• Altering the size of CNG cylinder by
cutting the cylinder and welding the end
to make it short enough to fit the car
(done by an NGV installer);
• Removing fiber wrap of a type 2 CNG
cylinder;
• Failure in Pressure Relief Devices
(PRD) in which the PRD did not
operate/failed to release gas. Heat led
to increase in internal pressure and at
the same time the strength of the
cylinder wall weakened;
• Replacing "burst disks" PRD of the
cylinder that often fails with stronger
disks, in order to allow operators to put
more gas in CNG tanks and thus
extend the hours of operation between
CNG tank refills. Switching burst-disks
to enable CNG tank overfilling could
lead to explosion of the CNG cylinders if
the burst disk does not burst when
needed;
• Avoiding the required cylinder testing
and/or ignoring cylinder replacement
schedule.
• Reuse of cylinder from accidents or
from disposed cylinders (after repaired);
• Bad manufacturing that includes:
* Failure of Conformity of Production
(COP) with improper heat treatment for
the cylinders;
* Altering the raw material by stretching
the metal tube before manufacturing the
cylinder, causing uneven “wall” strength
across the tube/cylinder.
• Illegal and improper installation of
CNG kits and cylinders done by vehicle
owners (self-installation) or uncertified
technician in conversion workshops.
Apart from the above-mentioned
examples, of course, not all fire-related
accident reported by various countries
occurred to NGVs are connected to
failure in the CNG system/cylinders.
Accidents were recorded in
Bangladesh, China, Korea, Malaysia,
India, Iran, Pakistan, Thailand, South
America (Brazil, etc), USA, Ukraine,
France, etc.
CNG in vehicles and CNG cylinders are
not dangerous. Those are safe as long
as standard and regulation for the
installation of the system and the
operation of the vehicles, components
and refuelling facility are met. CNG (and
LNG) are much safer than diesel and
gasoline as it has a higher auto ignition
point (the temperature at which a fuel
will catch fire without the need for a
spark or flame). The auto ignition point
of CNG/LNG is 450˚C and 225 to 220˚C
for diesel and gasoline respectively.
CNG cylinders are made of steel,
aluminium, or plastic (composite),
extremely strong and durable, and are
made to hold much more than 200-220
bar (2900–3200 psi). Safety valves are
also included in the cylinders to allow
the tank to release the CNG into the air
if there has been a collision to ensure
maximum safety. So, the concern of
cylinder burst is not necessary noting
that proper CNG cylinders are used in
the vehicle.
As corrosion in cylinders can damage
the cylinder and cause gas leakage,
manufacturers coated the tanks with a
high-quality adhesive coating paint. For
example, in case of Vitkovice, this
adhesive coating passed through 3,000
hours tests in the salt-spray chamber.
To allow extra safety avoiding corrosion
(caused by paint damage originated
from stones or sharp materials hitting
the cylinder during driving), some OEM
NGVs also use extra wrapping (metal,
etc) around the cylinder, when it is
placed under the vehicle.
Few safety tips
There are two types of cylinder testing.
One is a regular “visual” inspection. This
includes checking the cylinder’s label
(see if it is really/proper CNG cylinder),
heat and abrasion damages, mounting
bracket, leak in the cylinder, cracks,
scratches, impact damage, corrosion,
and cracking of fiber glass composite
wrap. Also, for cylinders type 1, 2, 3,
check for chemical and UV damages as
well as delamination.
Another inspection is a cylinder testing
that normally is conducted every five-year.
Apart from cylinder inspection, it is
advisable to check the “whole” package
that includes a series of fuel line, CNG
cylinders, PRDs, valves, vent line, filling
connector, and regulator.
January 2010
31
Safety Corner
Measures
Safety in NGVs usage is a responsibility
of the government and authorities, the
manufacturers of the components and
the vehicle (OEM NGVs) and conversion
centres, vehicle owners/operators as
well as fuelling station operators.
In the vehicle segment, although
manufacturers, installers, and vehicle
operators are the main actor in ensuring
safety, the role of the authority is highly
important. Not only introducing the
regulation and standard is crucial, but
implementing or enforcing the regulation
as well as introducing measures are
indispensable.
In India, CNG kits in buses must
undergo a mandatory fitness test every
three months at government authorized
centres. But a majority of operators skip
the tests and continue to ply due to
lack of enforcement.
After experiencing few explosion-related-incidents in NGVs, the transport
department in Delhi conducted road
inspection on public CNG buses,
school buses and commercial vehicles
in December 2009. The transport
department confiscated 300 Blueline
and RTV buses found plying without the
safety certifications for CNG kits. The
inspection is planned to be continued
on a daily basis.
By beginning December, the transport
department issued notices against
1,900 commercial vehicles, including
about 500 Bluelines. The owners have
been asked to produce CNG leak-proof
certificates (to be presented on
December 18), and if they fail to do so,
their permits will be cancelled.
In Lucknow City, tempos (three-wheeled
Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles) and
cars will also be checked for an
additional CNG cylinder which is fitted
to the vehicles by fiddling with the
original design of the vehicle.
Another important element is to ensure
that supply of components should be
sufficient and properly distributed. If the
access to the component purchase is
difficult, vehicle owners would not be
able to replace the needed equipment
on time.
This could lead to small or big damages
or incidents in the vehicle.
In Islamabad City of Pakistan, the Oil
and Gas Regulatory Authority (OGRA)
conducted inspection of 211 CNG
refuelling stations through third party
inspectors to determine their
compliance with regulations.
Eighteen CNG stations and licensees
were found with one or more
deficiencies and accordingly served
show cause notices.
Eight stations were fined Rs50,000
each on account of safety violations
while gas supply to three stations was
disconnected to ensure public safety
and interest.
OGRA concluded that the authority
should conduct inspection in all
operational CNG refuelling stations at
least once a year in order to ensure
full-fledged safety and security of public
property and life.
For more tips and information of safety
care and handling, standards and
regulations of cylinder, NGVs and
refuelling stations, please see Asian
NGV Communications edition
December 2008, January and February
2009. Contact [email protected] to
get these editions.
32
January 2010
China gas supply faces a big challenge
Due to cold winter across China and
snow hit in northern part of the country,
the demand for NG is rising. In southern
cities supplies are reaching their limits.
Central and eastern provinces are also
facing the worst natural gas shortage in
years. China's largest oil and gas
producer, CNPC, underlined that its NG
supply has gone far beyond previous
planning and some of its underground
gas storage has been over exploited.
Gas supply is now mainly diverted to
household use. China top gas supplier,
PetroChina, informed that the sudden
drop in temperatures has slowed the
flow of gas in pipelines, causing longer
time for vehicle refuelling.
In southern part of China, even in
Chongqing, the country’s largest NG
producer, gas supply is a big issue
during this winter. The Chongqing
government has decided to levy 80%
surcharge on CNG by end November.
Passenger of CNG taxis needs to pay
two more Yuan on each trip. In Wuhan
City, the local government decided to
provide 100 Yuan as a daily subsidy to
more than 8,000 taxi drivers, who have
to turn to gasoline because of the
natural gas shortage. Hangzhou City is
also experiencing the same challenge.
Nevertheless, a second NG pipeline
from west to the east part of China was
scheduled to be opened by December
2009. Also, China is going to import
more LNG from Australia. Last year,
PetroChina signed a 20-year LNG
export contract with ExxonMobil from
Australia.
Gas analysts consider that gas pricing
reforms is a must. The head of the price
department of the National
Development and Reform Commission
kept the 2009 price, at least, until
December.
It is anticipated that when this
“extreme” winter passed, gas supply
and distribution will return to a normal
condition. Government endorsement to
CNG/NGV business is expected to
remain strong, especially as next year
the country will host the ANGVA2011
Conference and Exhibition in Beijing.
The venue has been chosen near the
2008 Olympic Games major stadium
and not so far from China’s main
international airport.
January 2010
33
Thailand will see a growing demand
for natural gas in 2010
The state’s sole gas supplier in
Thailand, PTT, has announced that the
total natural gas demand in Thailand is
anticipated to increase by 10.6% in
2010 to 3.95 billion cubic feet per day
due mainly to growing demand from
petrochemical plants.
The expectation for 2009 for domestic
gas consumption showed that a 3.3%
growth would be recorded for that year,
in which 3.57 billion cubic feet per day
of gas would be used throughout the
nation, said Permsak Shevawattananon,
senior executive vice president for
PTT's gas business.
In 2009, four percent of natural gas was
used in transport sector, while the rest
was for power producers, petrochemical plants and industrial users. The
2009 demand for CNG for vehicles was
projected to grow by 75% to 133 million
cubic feet per day from 76 million in
2008, according to PTT.
On the other hand, it is expected that
by February 2010, a Thai court will give
a verdict regarding a case involving
environmental health concerns at the
Map Ta Phut industrial estate in the
eastern province of Rayong. Thailand
already considers building CNG refuelling station(s) along some industrial
zones to lower pollution in the area. It is
foreseen that by using CNG to power
vehicles operating around this area, the
air quality will improve.
The economic recovery should help
boost demand from industrial users and
for NGVs, concluded Permsak.
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34
January 2010
BusinessCentre
Omnitek Engineering signed MoU with bio-energy company
in the Philippines
Omnitek Engineering Corporation (OMTK)
today announced it has signed a
memorandum of understanding with
Philippine- based Alternative Bio-Energy Technologies
Company (ABET), with the goal of building a strong and
mutually beneficial relationship utilizing Omnitek’s proprietary
diesel-to-natural-gas conversion technology to address
growing local market demand for biogas engine solutions.
“Omnitek’s conversion technology complements ABET’s
mission to create a cleaner environment in the Philippines,
while promoting the use of environmentally friendly
biomethane or biogas” said Werner Funk, president and chief
executive officer of Omnitek Engineering Corporation.
He noted that ABET is a leader in the design and installation
of biogas energy systems in the Philippines -- utilizing animal
waste, agricultural and food waste to create methane and
biogas fuels. “This represents an inexpensive energy source
for existing diesel generators to operate when converted by
utilizing Omnitek’s diesel-to-gas technology,” Funk said.
He added that ABET works closely with AsiaBIOGAS Co.
Ltd., Southeast Asia’s largest biogas systems design,
engineering, construction and operating company, and
intends to supply small- and medium-sized engines for power
generation operating on biogas. Headquartered in Bangkok,
AsiaBIOGAS Co. Ltd. currently operates in Thailand, The
Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia and Malaysia.
“Omnitek’s diesel engine conversion technology is being
applied throughout the world with great success. Applying
this technology also in the Philippines would add a significant
number of biogas-powered generators in a short timeframe at
an economical cost well below the price of a new engine,”
Funk said.
He noted that the company intends to provide training
support to the local workforce in the Philippines engaged in
engine conversions and may also supply Omnitek’s brand
biogas engines to the local market.
About Omnitek Engineering Corporation
Omnitek Engineering Corporation develops and sells new
natural gas engines, as well as proprietary diesel-to-natural
gas conversion systems -- providing global customers with
innovative alternative energy and emissions control solutions
that are sustainable, affordable and designed to combat
global warming.
Contact:
Omnitek Engineering, Corp.
Investors Relations. 1945 S. Rancho Santa Fe Rd
San Marcos, CA 92078
Tel. 760-591-0089
[email protected]
January 2010
35
BusinessCentre
NGV2010, the IANGV Conference and Exhibition 8-10 June 2010
The 12th biennial International NGV
Association, the biggest methane (NG)
for transport event of 2010 is going to
be performed in the capital city of Italy,
Rome. The conference and exhibition,
to be hosted by the Consorzio NGV
System, will gather the whole industry in
one colossal event.
After several years having its
international conference and exhibitions
performed in South America and Africa,
the IANGV decided to hold the next
event in the European continent.
The chosen venue Italy, main European
market, is the world’s number one in
adopting OEM NGVs and one of the
biggest NGV/station component suppliers.
Italy has historical tradition and a
powerful industry, with over 70 years of
existence in the natural gas for vehicles:
it has a domestic demand that is
receptive to changes and innovations
whereas its products are exported
worldwide. Italian products and
technology are accepted and
acknowledged as those with high
quality.
During the financial crisis, the use of
conventional fuel decreased while NGV
is proved to be a real option. An
extraordinary result in the sector has
been recorded in 2008, and 2009
confirmed that trend with around 6% of
all vehicles sold in the country were
CNG-driven. Local Press media reflect
the situation referring to it as the NGV
boom.
Exhibition
Suppliers and buyers of OEM NGVs,
conversion equipment, compressor,
dispensers and all components related
to CNG and LNG stations as well as
biomethane for vehicles segment, will all
gather in the Fiera Roma, the fair’s
venue.
Around 3,000 m2 of space is available
for sale
Of which 2,000 m2 has been booked
by mid November 2009
And around 1,000 m2 are available for
sale plus the confirmation of booked
spaces
Countries already present with stand:
Germany, Argentina, Canada, France,
UAE, USA, England, Italy, Korea,
Poland, Switzerland, Spain.
Outdoor exhibition area is located
between Exhibition Hall (9) and
Conference Hall (10)
Conference
NGV 2010 Rome conferences will be
developed in plenary meetings and two
simultaneous sessions, and will be
translated into Italian and English.
Fifty papers will be selected. Apart from
the regular prizes granted by IANGV, the
best three presentations will be
awarded by NGV Communications
Group with € 3,000, € 2,000 and €
1,000 and the winning authors’
registrations as speaker will be
complimentary. Speakers whose papers
are selected, as well as social and
educational organizations, will pay 50%
of the conference fee.
visit Trambus’ Tor Pagnotta fuelling
station, company that manages public
transportation in Rome. A total 237
buses operate daily from there. Then,
the tour will continue in Agip Magliana
station, which supplies CNG, HCNG
and has also delivered hydrogen. Here,
ENI will serve refreshments, and it is
being evaluated the possibility of
holding the official opening of the
station during the technical tour
(participants would also attend it).
Partner Programmes and a gala dinner
will also take place during the event.
Ecorally-Raid
The organizers of the Republic of San
Marino– Vatican City International
Ecorally are defining the carrying out of
a competition that will end in Fiera
Roma, coinciding with NGV 2010. The
rally is intended for off-road alternative
fuelled vehicles.
The IANGV as well as the NGVA Europe
will also hold their separate General
Meeting of the Members.
Concurrent activities
Technical Tour
On Monday 7th June, from 9 to 14,
participants will be taken on an NGV
bus –departing from Sheraton Hotel- to
Hotel transfers on NG buses will be
provided for the route of Hotel
Sheraton-Fiera Roma-Hotel Sheraton
on all three days of the event.
36
January 2010
Asian NGV statistics
NGV statistics
Natural Gas Vehicles
Country
Total
Cars/LDVs MD/HD
buses
Pakistan
2.250.100 2.200.000
Iran
1.638.284 1.632.313
India
700.000 680.380
China
500.000 320.000
Bangladesh
180.000 168.412
Thailand
158.002 127.786
Egypt
110.100 107.442
Russia
103.000
60.000
Armenia
101.352
69.971
Uzbekistan
47.000
47.000
Malaysia
41.921
41.442
Japan
38.042
14.587
Korea
24.358
1.183
Myanmar
22.821
4.527
Tajikistan
10.600
10.600
Kyrgyzstan
6.000
6.000
Singapore
4.499
4.461
Turkey
3.056
2.564
Georgia
3.000
3.000
Australia
2.825
100
Indonesia
2.550
1.755
United Arab Emirates
305
305
New Zealand
283
180
Philippines
36
11
Taiwan
4
Vietnam
2
Total Asia
5.948.140 5.504.019
World
10.884.257 10.322.194
Refuelling stations
MD/HD
trucks
Others
100
5.971
12.000
150.000
3.233
11.065
1.209
8.000
9.831
715
30.000
8.355
17.473
708
35.000
19.626
465
1.467
22.416
18.290
14
20.566
758
4
23
492
15
1.700
335
0
66
25
4
2
246.694
312.537
275
210
0
Total
50.000
6.905
1.678
741
1.924
1.422
1
750
250
37
133.719
182.566
63.708
66.960
Public
3.000
981
500
1.339
463
369
119
226
275
43
128
344
157
37
53
6
5
9
42
47
9
2
14
3
1
1
8.173
16.274
Under
construction
Private
3.000
957
181
1.140
463
344
115
201
9
43
126
293
157
37
53
6
5
5
42
4
9
1
1
1
7.193
14.896
Monthly gas
consumption
(M Nm3)
VRA
1.002
884
24
319
199
230
25
4
25
266
36
16
177,00
52,00
9
13
0
21,36
33,90
26,79
28,50
4,25
12
14
2
51
5
Last update
10
672
13
81,68
4,13
0,60
4
35
43
39
1
14
2
0,40
130
1
1
980
1.378
2.226
895
2.607 12.979
430,62
1.107
September 2009
October 2009
April 2009
October 2009
October 2009
November 2009
June 2009
December 2008
September 2009
December 2007
November 2009
September 2009
October 2009
October 2008
December 2007
December 2007
September 2009
July 2008
January 2008
November 2009
December 2008
March 2007
March 2007
February 2006
April 2005
January 2009
November 2009
November 2009
Fuel Prices
Premium Regular
Country Gasoline Gasoline Diesel
(Euro/litre)
(Euro/litre)
Armenia
0,67
(Euro/litre)
0,63
0,61
CNG
(Euro/
Nm3)
0,32
CNG price
CNG price
equivalent per equivalent per
litre gasoline litre diesel
0,29
0,33
Australia
0,77
0,72
0,78
0,34
0,30
0,35
Bangladesh
0,52
0,49
0,34
0,18
0,16
0,18
China
0,59
0,56
0,50
0,34
0,30
0,35
Egypt
0,24
0,12
0,15
0,06
0,05
0,06
India
0,64
0,48
0,27
0,24
Indonesia
Iran
Japan
0,28
World review
0,44
0,31
0,33
0,18
0,16
0,18
0,100
0,067
1,011
0,027
0,025
0,026
1,39
1,31
1,19
0,68
0,52
0,58
Asia
Region
Korea
1,08
0,96
0,84
0,48
0,43
0,49
Eurasia
Malaysia
0,40
0,35
0,34
0,15
0,13
0,15
Africa
Pakistan
0,68
0,57
0,40
0,36
0,41
Europe
Russia
0,80
0,69
0,70
0,22
0,20
Singapore
1,03
0,92
0,86
0,52
Thailand
0,64
0,59
0,57
0,12
Total NGVs
Cars
/LDVs
5.858.631 5.415.092
MD/HD
Buses
MD/HD
Trucks
fuelling
stations
133.705
63.671
14
37
187
852
2.751
89.509
88.927
531
226
220
6
910.589
832.273
40.777
36.687
0,23
South & Central 3.910.125 3.886.645
13.820
9.660
0,46
0,53
North America
0,11
0,12
Total
115.177
Others
246.163
7.986
7
4.418
99.037
11.240
2.500
2.400
925
10.884.257 10.322.194
312.537
182.566
66.960
16.274

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