ⱥᅜࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ᥈ゼ⣖⾜ ~Ṕྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࡸ⮬↛ࢆᏲࡿⱥᅜࡢ⪃࠼᪉㹼 ᭷ᮧ ⌮ ㉗ࠊ㑇㉗ࠊࡲࡓࡣ㈙ྲྀࡾ࡞࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࠊಖㆤ⟶ 㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ ࡽ⣙ 120 ᖺ๓ 3 ேࡢᕷẸࡀⓎ㉳ே ⌮ࡋࠊබ㛤ࡍࡿάືࡢࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸱㸬タ❧⫼ᬒ ࡞ࡾࠕࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࠖ࠸࠺⎔ቃಖ ㆤᅋయࢆタ❧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࢀ௨᮶ࠊⱥᅜࡢࡢ࡞ ⱥᅜ࡛ࡣ 18 ୡ⣖୰㡭ࡽࡢ⏘ᴗ㠉㈠᫆ ⏣ᅬᆅᖏࡸ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢᬒほࠊࡲࡓ⏤⥴࠶ࡿ࢝ࣥ ࡼࡿ⤒῭Ⓨᒎ࡛ࠊ1850 ᖺ௨㝆ࡣᛴ㏿㎰ᮧࡽ ࢺ࣮ࣜࣁ࢘ࢫࡸṔྐⓗᘓ㐀≀࡞ࡀࡑࡢࡲࡲࡢ 㒔ᕷࡢປാேཱྀࡢ㞟୰ࡀጞࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⏕ά ≧ែ࡛Ọஂಖࡉࢀࡿ࡞ࡾࠊᚋୡࡢ୍⯡ ⎔ቃࡣຎᝏࡋ↓⛛ᗎ࡞㒔ᕷ㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ࢇࡔ⤖ᯝࠊ ᕷẸࡀࡑࡇࢆゼࡡࡿᗘᙜኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸࠶ࡿ 㑹እࡲ࡛ᕤሙᘓタࡀᣑࡋࠊᅵᆅࡢᅖ࠸㎸ࡳ ࡀࡲࡲࡢྂࡁⰋࡁⱥᅜࢆᴦࡋࡴࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡼࡾ⨾ࡋ࠸⏣ᅬᆅᖏࡸṔྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࡀḟࠎ ⎔ቃಖㆤほගࡢ୧❧ࢆࡣࡿヨࡳࠊ࠸ࢃ ኻࢃࢀጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᢡࡋࡶᙜ㕲㐨ࡀᛴ㏿ᩜ ࡺࡿࢧࢫࢸࢼࣈ࣭ࣝࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࡀୡ⏺ྛᆅ࡛ タࡉࢀጞࡵࠊ࢝ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࢧࢻࡢᅵᆅ㛤Ⓨᢿ ᶍ⣴ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊᐇࡣⱥᅜ࡛ࡣࡇࡢࢼࢩࣙࢼ ㌴ࢆࡅࠊࡇࢀ༴ᶵឤࢆぬ࠼ࡓேࡓࡕࡼࡿ ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ほගࢆᗈࡃᕷẸࣞ࣋ ⮬↛㇏࡞ᅵᆅࢆᏲࡿ㐠ືࠕ࣮࢜ࣉ࣭ࣥࢫ࣮࣌ ࣝࡲ࡛ၨⵚࡋࠊ⎔ቃࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ ࢫ㐠ືࠖࡀⱆ⏕࠼࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢ≧ἣୗ࡛ 1865 ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣ 350 ே௨ୖࡢဨࢆ᧦ࡋᖺ ᖺࠊࣟࣥࢻࣥࠕඹ᭷ᆅ㸦ࢥࣔࣥ㸧ಖᏑ༠ࠖ 㛫⣙ 5 ேࡢ࣎ࣛࣥࢸᨭ࠼ࡽࢀࡓḢᕞ᭱ ࡀⓎ㊊ࡋࡓࡀࠊ༢࡞ࡿ༠࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵᕷẸᚲ ࡢẸ㛫⎔ቃಖㆤᅋయ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ せ࡞ᅵᆅࢆྲྀᚓࡋᚋୡṧࡋ࡚࠸ࡃἲⓗ࡞ຊࡀ ᮏ✏ࡣ 2010 ᖺࡢࠊࡑࡢⱥᅜࡢࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝ ࡞ࡃἲே⤌⧊ࡀᚲせ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ᪥⛬ࡢ୰࡛ᆅᇦࣉࣟࣃࢸ 㸲㸬3 ேࡢᕷẸࡢඛ㥑⪅ 㸦ᡤ᭷≀௳㸧ࢆᗄࡘ㑅ᐃࡋࠊ᥈ゼࡋࡓグ㘓 ࡇࡇᚋࡢࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆタ❧ࡍࡿ ࢆⱥᅜࡢูࡢ᪑ࡢᴦࡋࡳ᪉ࡋ࡚⤂ࡍࡿࡶࡢ ࡇ࡞ࡿ 3 ேࡢᕷẸࡀṔྐࡢᚲ↛ࡢࡼ࠺ฟ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࠸ඹឤࡋࠊ࠾࠸ࡢάືࢆ୍ࡘࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢ 㸰㸬ⱥᅜࡢࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡣ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣⱥᅜ࡛᭱ࡶ⮬↛ᬒほࡀ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ ࠸ࡉࢀࡿ†Ỉᆅ᪉㉳ᅉࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⡆༢ 3 ࠕࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻࠊ࢙࣮࢘ࣝࢬཬࡧࣝࣛ ࣥࢻࡢṔྐⓗྡ࠾ࡼࡧ⮬↛ⓗᬒᆅࡢࡓࡵࡢ ேࡢࣉࣟࣇ࣮ࣝࡽぢ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸ࠋ ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࠖ 㸦The National Trust for ձ ࣟࣂ࣮ࢺ࣭ࣁࣥࢱ࣮㸦Sir Robert Hunter㸧 Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty ᘚㆤኈ 㸦1844㸫1913㸧 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland㸧 ᕷẸࡢࡓࡵࡢඹ᭷ᆅ㸦ࢥࣔࣥ㸧ಖᏑ༠ࡢ ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ゝ࠺ࢼࢩࣙࢼࣝࡣ ົᘚㆤኈ࡞ࡾࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢᵓࢆ ࠕᅜẸࡢࠖ࠸࠺ព࡛ࠊ≉ᐃከᩘࡢᅜẸࡀ 1884 ᖺࡢࣂ࣮࣑࣒࡛ࣥ࢞ࡢ㞟࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡋἲே ཧຍࡋࠊᅜẸࡢⅭᅜẸ⮬㌟ࡢᡭ࡛౯್࠶ࡿ⨾ ⤌⧊ࡢᅋయタ❧ࡢᚲせᛶࢆㄝ࠸ࡓࠋ ࡋ࠸⮬↛Ṕྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࢆᕷẸࡽࡢᐤࡸᐤ The National Trust ࡢึ௦㛗࡞ࡿࠋ 㻝㻌 㻌 − 61 − ղ ࢜ࢡࢱࣅ࣭ࣄࣝዪྐ 㸦Octavia Hill㸧 ௦ึࡵ࡚ゼၥࡋࡓࢫࢫࡢࣝࣉࢫࡢ⮬↛ ♫ᴗᐙ࣭፬ேάືᐙ 㸦1838㸫1912㸧 ⨾㨩ࡉࢀࠊ⮬㌟ࡶඃࢀࡓỈᙬ⏬ᐙ࡛࢜ࢵࢡ 㒔ᕷࡢ୰࣮࢜ࣉ࣭ࣥࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢆ☜ಖࡍࡿᚲ ࢫࣇ࢛࣮ࢻᏛࡢ⨾⾡ࡢᩍᤵ௦ᩍ࠼Ꮚࣟ せᛶࢆッ࠼ࡿάືࢆᒎ㛤ࡋࠊࣁࣥࢱ࣮Ặࡢᵓ ࣮ࣥࢬ࣮ࣜࡀ࠸ࡓࠋ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ㕲㐨ᩜタࢆ㜼 ༠ຊࠊᨭࢆ⾲᫂ࠋࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢ Ṇࡍࡿάື㈨ᮏ⩏⤒῭ࡢࡺࡀࡳࡢᢈุ࡛ ྡぶゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᚋୡࡢ⮬↛⎔ቃಖㆤ㐠ືከ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡓࠋ ճ ࢟ࣕࣀ࣭ࣥࣁ࣮ࢻ࢘ࢵࢡ࣭࣮ࣟࣥࢬ࣮ࣜ ճ ࣅࢺࣜࢡࢫ࣭࣏ࢵࢱ࣮㸦Beatrix Potter, 1866 㸫 1943㸧 㸦Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley㸧 ࢠࣜࢫᅜᩍ∾ᖌ㸦1851㸫1920㸧 ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ⿱⚟࡞ἲᘐᘚㆤኈࡢᐙ⏕ࡲࢀࡿࠋ †Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ∾ᖌ࡛࿘㎶ࡢ⮬↛ಖㆤ㐠ື㛗ᖺ ኟࡈ୍ᐙ࡛ࢫࢥࢵࢺࣛࣥࢻࡸ†Ỉᆅ᪉࡛㛗 ᦠࢃࡾࠊ㞝ᘚ࡛⾜ືຊࡀ࠶ࡾྛᆅ࡛άືࡋ࡚࠸ ࠸㑊ᬬ⏕άࢆࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ㛫ࠊ16 ṓࡢࠊ†Ỉᆅ ࡓࠋࣄࣝዪྐࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࣁࣥࢱ࣮Ặฟ࠸ࠊᵓ ᪉࡛ᆅඖࡢ∾ᖌ࣮ࣟࣥࢬ࣮ࣜฟ࠸ᙼࡽ⤮ ㈶ྠࡋࡓࠋࠕ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ␒≟ࠖࡤࢀ࡚ ࢆ⩦࠺୰࡛ḟ➨†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ⮬↛ࡢ⨾ࡋࡉ㨩 ࠸ࡓࠋ ࡏࡽࢀࡿࠋᚋ⤮ᮏࡢ࣋ࢫࢺࢭ࣮ࣛ࡞ࡿࠕࣆ ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣛࣅࢵࢺࡢ࠾ࡣ࡞ࡋࠖࡣ 36 ṓࡢฟ ࡇࡢ 3 ேࡢฟ࠸ࡀࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆ タ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡀࠊࡇࡢ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡇࡑࢼࢩࣙࢼ ∧ࡉࢀࠊ⤮ᮏࡢ༳⛯࡛ࢽ࣭ࢯ࣮࣮ࣜᮧࡢࣄ࣭ࣝ ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢࠕࡺࡾࡈࠖࡢሙᡤ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ ࢺࢵࣉࡢᐙࢆ㉎ධࡋᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞⤮ᮏసᐙ࡞ࡿࠋ ࡿࢆᛀࢀ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋⱥᅜேࡢ⮬↛ಖㆤᛮ ࡑࢀ௨ᚋࠊ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ⮬↛ࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ⤮ᮏࡢ༳ ࡢཎⅬࡣࡇࡇࡽㄌ⏕ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢὶࢀࡣࡲࡿ ⛯ࡽḟࠎᅵᆅࡸ㎰ሙࢆ㉎ධࡋ⎔ቃಖㆤάື ୍࡛ᮏࡢ㉥࠸⣒࡛⧅ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ᛮ࠼ࡿࠋ ᑓᛕࡋࡓࠋ1943 ᖺࠊ77 ṓ࡛ஸࡃ࡞ࡿኵ 㸳㸬†Ỉᆅ᪉࠾࠸࡚ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ ࡢ࣒࣭࢘ࣜࣄ࣮ࣜࢫࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ 1600 ࣊ࢡࢱ ❧ࡑࡢᚋከ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡓⴭྡே ࣮ࣝࡢᅵᆅ 15 ࡢ㎰ሙࡀศࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺ࠊ ձ ࣒࣭࣮࢘ࣜ࣡ࢬ࣮࣡ࢫ 㸦William ࡚ࢆࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ㑇㉗ࡍࡿ᪨ࡢ㑇 Wordsworth , 1770 㸫 1850㸧 ゝࢆṧࡋࡓࠋ ⱥᅜࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ࣐ࣟࣥὴリே࡛ࠕ᱇ෙリேࠖࠋ 㸴㸬The National Trust ࡢ⌧ἣ †Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢすࡢ⏫ࠊࢥࢵ࣐࢝ࢫࡢ⿱⚟࡞ἲᚊ ձ ဨᩘ ᐙࡢᐙ 5 ேጒࡢ➨ 2 Ꮚࡋ࡚⏕ࡲࢀࡿࠋⱥ 350 ே㸦2010 ᖺ㸧࡛ⱥᅜேࡢࡰ 17 ே ᅜࡢ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࢆࡇࡼ࡞ࡃឡࡋࡑࡢ࠶ࡿࡀࡲࡲࡢ 㸯ேࡀဨ࡛Ḣᕞ᭱ࡢဨ⤌⧊࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ⮬↛ࡢ⨾ࡋࡉே㛫ࡢඹᏑࢆᩘࠎࡢリㅻ࠸ࠊ ղ ⤌⧊ ᙜࡢேࠎࡢ⮬↛ほࢆࡁࡃኚ࠼ࡓࠋᚋࡢࢪࣙ ᙜึࡣ࢚ࣜࢨ࣋ࢫⓚྡྷࡀ⥲࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ⌧ᅾ ࣭ࣥࣛࢫ࢟ࣥࡣࡌࡵࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺタ❧ ࢳ࣮ࣕࣝࢬⓚኴᏊࡀ 2003 ᖺ 3 ᭶ࡽ⥅ᢎࡋ࡚ ࡢ❧ᙺ⪅ࡍ࡚ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼ࡓࠋ⮬↛⎔ቃಖ ࠸ࡿࠋࠕ୍ேࡢ 1 ࣏ࣥࢻࡢᐤࡼࡾࡣࠊ1 ࡢⅭࠊ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ㕲㐨ᩜタࡢィ⏬ࢆ㜼Ṇࡋࡓࠋ ேࡢ 1 ࣏ࣥࢻࡎࡘࠖࡀ⌮ᛕ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ղ ࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣛࢫ࢟ࣥ 㸦John Ruskin , ճ ࢫࢱࢵࣇ 1819 㸫 1900㸧 ᭷⤥⫋ဨࡣ⣙ 5000 ேࠋᇛࡸ㤋ࠊᗞᅬ࡞ࡢ ⱥᅜࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ⨾⾡ホㄽᐙ࡛♫ᨵ㠉㐠ືᐙ ಖࠊಟ⌮ࠊ⿵ಟࡢᑓ㛛⫋ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⤮⏬ࠊ⨾⾡ ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ࣮࣡ࢬ࣮࣡ࢫᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ⮬↛ಖㆤ ရࡢಖᏑࠊಟ⌮ࡣࣅࢡࢺࣜ༤≀㤋ࡸࣝࣂ࣮ ࡢᚲせᛶࢆ᭱ึⱥᅜ♫ၥ࠸ࡅࡓࠋ†Ỉ ࢺ༤≀㤋ࡢᑓ㛛ᐙࡽࡢຓゝࢆࡶࡽ࠺ࠋ ᆅ᪉ࡢࢥࢽࢫࢺࣥ†␁ᬌᖺࡢ 28 ᖺ㛫ࢆẼ մ ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ ࡢẼ㇟ほ ㈝ࡸࡋẼởᰁࢆ࿌ⓎࡍࡿࠋᏛ⏕ ⣙ 4 7000 ே㸦ᖺ㛫㸧௨ୖࠋ࠶ࡽࡺࡿศ㔝 㻞㻌 㻌 − 62 − ࣭ಖ᭷㈈⏘ࡢ⟶⌮ಖㆤࡢࡓࡵࡢつ๎ไᐃᶒࠊ ࡛↓⤥ࡢዊάືࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋእᅜேࡶ࣮࣡ ಖ᭷㈈⏘ᑐࡍࡿධሙᩱࡢᚩᶒࢆࡋࡓࠋ ࢟ࣥࢢ࣭࣍ࣜࢹ࣮ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ࠶ࡾ⎔ቃಖά ືཧຍࡍࡿࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ղ ᭱ࡢ≉ࡋ࡚ࡢ㈈ᨻἲࡢไᐃ յ ㈝㸦2010 ᖺᗘ㸧 ࣭1931 ᖺᨵṇ㈈ᨻἲไᐃࠋ ಶேᖺ㈝㸻48.50 ࣏ࣥࢻ㸦㸾160 ࡛⣙ ࣭ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺᐤ㉗ࠊ㑇㉗ࡉࢀࡓಖ 7,800 㸧ࠊࢪࣗࢽဨ㸦13-25 ṓᮍ‶㸧 Ꮡᑐ㇟㈨⏘㸦ື⏘㸧ࡣ┦⥆⛯ࡀ㠀ㄢ⛯ࠋ ࡣ 22 ࣏ࣥࢻ㸦⣙ 3,500 㸧ࠋᐙ᪘ဨ㸦ኵ፬ ࣭ᐤ㉗⪅ࡢᏊᏞࡣࢸࢼࣥࢺࡋ࡚௦ࠎࠊࡑࡇ ᐙ᪘ဨ㸧84.50 ࣏ࣥࢻ㸦⣙ 13,500 㸧 ఫࡳ⥆ࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ୍ᐃ㒊ศࡢ ն ಖ㈨⏘ 㸦2010 ᖺᗘ㸧 බ㛤ࡀ⩏ົ࡛≉ᐃࡢᮇ㛫ࣁ࢘ࢫࢆබ㛤ࡍࡿࠋ ᅵᆅ㸸࢝ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࢧࢻ㸦⏣ᅬᆅᖏ࣭⏣⯋࣭ ճ ᨵṇࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺἲ 㑹እ࣭㎰ᮧᆅᇦ㸧ࡢ 25 ࣊ࢡࢱ࣮ࣝࠋ᳃ᯘ࣭ ࣭1937 ᖺࠕಖᏑㄋ⣙ࠖไᗘࡢᑟධࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾ ㎰ᆅ࣭∾ሙ࣭㐠Ἑ࣭⣡ᒇ࣭බᅬ࣭ⲡཎ࣭Ⲩᆅ࣭ ࢺࣛࢫࢺᡤ᭷ࡢ㈨⏘ࡢ࿘ᅖࡢ⮬↛⎔ቃࡸṔྐ ࣭ἑᆅ࡞ᵝࠎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࠊᇛࡸ㈗᪘ࡢ ⓗ⎔ቃࡢ◚ቯ࣭㛤Ⓨࢆ㜵Ṇࡍࡿࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ ࢝ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࣁ࢘ࢫ࡞ࢆᡤ᭷ࠋᾏᓊ⥺㸸709 ࣐ ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࣝ㸦1ࠊ141 ࢟ࣟ㸧ࠊࢫࢥࢵࢺࣛࣥࢻࢆ㝖ࡃࠊ ࡇࢀࡽࡢ≉ᶒࢆ࠼ࡿἲᚊࡼࡗ࡚㈗㔜࡞࢝ ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ࣭࢙࣮࢘ࣝࢬ࣭ࣝࣛࣥࢻࡢ ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࣁ࢘ࢫࡀࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺᐤ ᾏᓊ⥺ࡢ⣙ 20㸣ࢆ⟶⌮ࠊಖㆤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ㉗ࡉࢀࠊỌஂಖᏑ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡲ շ ࢫࢥࢵࢺࣛࣥࢻࢆ㝖ࡃⱥᅜࡢ 27 ୡ⏺㑇⏘ ࡓࡑࡇ࡛ാࡃ㎰ᴗປാ⪅ࡶ⫋ࢆኻ࠺ࡇ࡞ࡃ ㎰ᴗࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡅࡓຌ⦼ࡶࡁ࠸ࠋ ࡢෆࠊࡑࡢ㸵௳ࢆᡤ᭷㸦㒊ศಖ᭷ࢆྵࡴ㸧 ո ᮶ゼ⪅ᩘ ࣭ධሙᩱࢆᚩࡍࡿධሙ⪅ࡣᖺ㛫 1200 ே 㸶㸬ⱥᅜࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ᥈ゼ⣖⾜ 㸦ဨࡣ↓ᩱ㸧 ۃゼၥᮇ㛫 2010 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 18 ᪥㸦ᮌ㸧㹼 3 ᭶ 28 ᪥㸦᪥㸧 ࣭࢝ࣥࢺ࣮ࣜࢧࢻ࡞ࡢࢇࡣ࣮࢜ࣉ ࣭ࣥࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ↓ᩱࠊྜィࡍࡿ᥎ᐃ᮶ゼ⪅ ۃゼၥᆅᇦ࡞ゼၥ㒔ᕷ 5000 ே࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ձ ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ㒊 ࣭ᅜෆ᭱ࡢᏛᰯࡢㄢእᩍᐊࡢሙࡋ࡚ẖᖺ ࣭࣐ࣥࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮࣭ࣜࣂࣉ࣮ࣝ 50 ே௨ୖࡢᏛ❺ࡀゼၥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣭†Ỉᆅ᪉ 㸦࢘ࣥࢲ࣑࣭࣎࢘ࢿࢫ࣭ չ ࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢධ≧ἣ (2010 ᖺᗘ) ࣥࣈࣝࢧࢻ࣭࣮࣍ࢡࢫ࣊ࢵࢻ࣭ ᖺ㛫⥲ධ⣙ 3 ൨࣏ࣥࢻ㸦⣙ 480 ൨㸧 ࢢࣛࢫ࣑࣭ࢽࢯ࣮࣮࣭ࣜࢥࢵ࣐࢝ࢫ࣭ 㸵㸬ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢἲᚊඃ㐝⟇ ࢣࢪࢵࢡ࣭ࢥࢽࢫࢺࣥ㸧 ࣭ࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ ᅜࡣࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ୍ษࡢ⤒῭ ຓࢆࡋ࡞࠸௦ࢃࡾࠊࢺࣛࢫࢺάືࢆᨭ࠼ ղ ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ୰㒊 ࡿࡓࡵࡢἲࡼࡿ≉ᶒࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀ ࣭ࢫࢺࣛࢺࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ࣭࣏࣭࢚ࣦ࢛ࣥࣥ ࡀࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺⓎᒎࡢ᭱ࡢࢧ࣏࣮ ࣭ࢥࢵࢶ࢛࢘ࣝࢬᆅ᪉㸦ࢣ࣒ࣝࢫࢥࢵࢺ࣭ ࢺ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࣂࣈ࣮࣭ࣜࢳ࢙ࣝࢺࢼ࣒㸧 ձ ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺἲ㸦National Trust ࣭ࢳ࢙ࢻ࣮࣡ࢫ Act㸧 ճ ࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ༡㒊ᇦ ࣭1907 ᖺไᐃࠋ ࣭ࢸࣥࢫࣇ࣮ࣝࢻ࣭ࣂ࣮ࢫ ࣭ಖᏑ࣭⟶⌮ࡍࡿ㈨⏘ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕㆡΏ⬟ࠖࢆ ࣭ࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣭࣋ࣜ࣊ࢫࢸࣥࢢࢫ ᐉゝࡍࡿᶒࢆ࠼ࡓࠋ ࣭ࣂࢺ࣭ࣝࣛ 㻟㻌 㻌 − 63 − 㒑㏦௦ 4 ࣏ࣥࢻィ 50 ࣏ࣥࢻࢆࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵ մ ࣟࣥࢻࣥᕷ⾤ ࣭ᕷෆࡢ᭷ྡࣃࣈ ࢺ࡛๓ண⣙ᨭᡶ࠸ࢆࡍࡿ⮬Ꮿ㒑㏦ࡉࢀ ࣭ࢩ࣮ࣕࣟࢵࢡ࣭࣮࣒࣍ࢬ༤≀㤋 ࡿࠋ᭱ึࡢゼၥሙᡤ࡛ࡢࢫࢱࣥࣉࡽ 14 ᪥ 㛫᭷ຠࠋ ۃ᪑ࡢ࣮ࣝࢺ 3 ᭶ 18 ᪥㸸 ᪥ᮏ㸦㛵✵㸧㸫 ࣃࣜ⤒⏤ 㸫 ࣭NT ࡢ࢞ࢻࣈࢵࢡࢫࢱࣥࣉ⏝ࣃࢫ࣏࣮ ࢺࡣ⌧ᆅ࡚㉎ධࡍࡿࠋࣃࢫ࣏࣮ࢺ୍᭱ ࣐ࣥࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ 㸦Ἡ㸧 19 ᪥㸸 ࣐ࣥࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ 㸫 ࣜࣂࣉ 30 ಶࡢࢫࢱࣥࣉࢆᢲࡋ࡚㒊ᚋࠊ㒑 ࣮ࣝ 㸦Ἡ㸧 ㏦ࡍࡿࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡽㄆᐃ᭩ࡀ 20 ᪥㸸 ࣜࣂࣉ࣮ࣝ 㸫 †Ỉᆅ᪉㸫 ㏦ࡽࢀ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ࢞ࢻࣈࢵࢡࡣ 400 ࣮࣌ࢪࡶ ࢘ࣥࢲ࣑Ἑ␁࣎࢘ࢿࢫ㸦Ἡ㸧 ࠶ࡾࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻࢆ 7 ࡘࡢ࢚ࣜศࡅ࡚ 21 ᪥㸸 ࣎࢘ࢿࢫ 㸫 ࢥࢵ࣐࢝ࢫ ࣉࣟࣃࢸ㸦ᡤ᭷≀௳㸧ࢆ⥙⨶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㸫 ࢣࢪࢵࢡ 㸫 ࢢࣛࢫ࣑ ۃᐟἩ 㸫 ࣎࢘ࢿࢫ 㸦Ἡ㸧 ࣭ࣜࣂࣉ࣮ࣝࣟࣥࢻࣥࢆ㝖࠸࡚ⱥᅜྛᆅࡢ 22 ᪥㸸 ࣎࢘ࢿࢫ 㸫 ࢽ࣭ࢯ࣮ࣜ B㸤B㸦ᮅ㣗ࡁࡢಶே⤒Ⴀ࣍ࢸࣝ㸧ᐟἩࡍ ࣮ 㸫 ࣮࣍ࢡࢫ࣭࣊ࢵࢻ 㸫 ࡿࠋ࣮࢜ࢼ࣮ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀಶᛶⓗ࡞ᮅ㣗ࢆᥦ ࢥࢽࢫࢺࣥ†㸦ࣈࣛࣥࢻ࢘ࢵࢻ㸧 ౪ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋⱥᅜ᪑⾜࡛ࡣ᭱ࡶ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ᐟ Ἡᡤ࡛࠶ࡿࠋሙᡤࡶࡼࡿࡀ 1 Ἡᮅࡁ୍࡛ 㸫 ࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ 㸦Ἡ㸧 23 ᪥㸸 ࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ 㸫 ࢫࢺࣛࢵࢻ ே 6000 ࡽ 8000 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡢ B㸤B ࡛ ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻ࣭࣭࢚ࣦ࢛࢜ࣥࣥ 㸫 ࡶ࣋ࢵࢻࣜࢿࣥࡀΎ₩ಖࡓࢀࡄࡗࡍࡾ ࢥࢵࢶ࢛࢘ࣝࢬᆅ᪉ 㸫 ࢳ࢙ ╧╀ࡀࢀࡿࠋ ࣝࢺࢼ࣒ 㸦Ἡ㸧 ⱥ ۃᅜࡢࣃࣈ 24 ᪥㸸 ࢳ࢙ࣝࢺࢼ࣒ 㸫 ࢳ࢙ࢻ࣡ ࣭ⱥᅜᗢẸࡢ♫ሙ࡛࠶ࡿࣃࣈࡣࢇ࡞ᑠࡉ ࣮ࢫ 㸫 ࢣ࣒ࣝࢫࢥࢵࢺ 㸫 ࡞⏫ࡶ࠶ࡾࠊྛᆅࡢᆅࣅ࣮ࣝᆺⓗ࡞ࣃ ࢸࣥࢫࣇ࣮ࣝࢻ 㸫 ࣂ࣮ ࣈᩱ⌮ࡀࢃ࠼ࡿࠋᅇࡢ᪑⾜࡛ࡣẖᬌࣃࣈ ࢫ 㸦Ἡ㸧 ㏻࠸ࡣఱ㌺ࡢࡣࡋࡈࢆࡋࡓࠋ༳㇟ 25 ᪥㸸 ࣂ࣮ࢫ 㸫 ࣞࢥࢵࢡ 㸫 ṧࡿࣃࣈࢆ௨ୗྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋ ࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣋ࣜ 㸦Ἡ㸧 ձࣜࣂࣉ࣮ࣝࡢ࢟ࣕࣂ࣭ࣥࢡࣛࣈ 26 ᪥㸸 ࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣋ࣜ 㸫 ࢫࢺ࣮ࣥ ࣊ࣥࢪ 㸫 ࢭࣈࣥࢩࢫࢱ࣮ࢬ 㸫 ࣛ 㸦Ἡ㸧 27 ᪥ 㸸 ࣛ 㸫 ࣊ࢫࢸࣥࢢ ࢫ 㸫ࣂࢺࣝ 㸫 ࢳ࣮ࣕࢺ࢘ ࣅ࣮ࢺࣝࢬࡺࡾࡢ᭷ྡࣃࣈ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢙ࣝ 㸫ࣄ࣮ࢫ࣮ࣟ㸦Ἡ㸧 28 ᪥ 㸸 ࣟࣥࢻࣥ㸦Ἡ㸧 ղ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ࣮࣭࣭࣍ࣝࣥࢨ࣭࢛࣮࢘ࣝ 29 ᪥ 㸸 ࣟࣥࢻࣥࡼࡾᖐᅜ ⱥ ۃᅜෆ࡛ࡢ⛣ືᡭẁ ࣭ࣞࣥࢱ࣮࢝ 9 ᪥㛫ࠊࢺ࣮ࢱࣝ㉮⾜㊥㞳 1186 ࣐ࣝ⣙ 1900Kmࠊᖹᆒ 210Km/᪥ ࢫࣃࢢ࣮ࣥࣜࢶ࣭ࢺࢫࣛࢺ࣭ࣝࢼࣙࢩࢼ ۃ †Ỉᆅ᪉᭱ྂࡢࣃࣈ࡛ື≀ࡢ㣭ࡾࡀከ࠸ࠋ ࣭NT ࢶ࣮ࣜࣥࢢࣃࢫࡣ๓㉎ධ 46 ࣏ࣥࢻ 㻠㻌 㻌 − 64 − ࡉࢀࠊ࣮࢝ࢻ౪ࢩ࣮ࣙࢣ࣮ࢫᒎ♧ࡉࢀ ճࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢࣃࢻ࣭ࣈࣝ ࡚࠸ࡓࠋゼၥࡋࡓᩘ᪥๓ࡑࢀࡀ┐ࡲࢀ࡚⾤࡛ ௳࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ࣛࡢ࣐࣮࣓ࢻ࣭ࣥࡶ 1420 ᖺᴗࡢྂ ࠸ࣃࣈ࡛ࠊᙜࡣᾏ㈫ࡀࣃࣈෆࡢ⛎ᐦࡢධࡾཱྀ ࡽᆅୗࢆ㞃ࢀᐙࡋ࡚ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࠸࠺ࠋ ⱥᅜ᭱ྂࡢࣃࣈࡢ୍ࡘࠋᗃ㟋ఏㄝ࠶ࡾࠋ ࡣᆅୗࡲ࡛ධࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ☜⛎ᐦࡢฟධࡾཱྀࡀ ࠶ࡾࠊࣃࣈ࡛㓇ࢆ㣧ࢇ࡛ฟධࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡢ մࣛࡢ࣐࣮࣓ࢻ࣭ࣥ ᾏ㈫ࡀฟ࡚ࡃࡿࡼ࠺࡛ኚ⯆῝࠸ ۃゼၥࡋࡓ㹌㹒ࡢࣉࣟࣃࢸ㸦ᡤ᭷≀௳㸧ࢆ ࢝ࢸࢦู࣮ࣜ௨ୗ⤂ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ †Ỉᆅ᪉ࢆゼࡡ࡚ ձ࣮࣡ࢬ࣮࣡ࢫ࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ㸦Wordsworth House㸧 ྂ࠸ࣃࣈ࡛ᾏ㈫ࡢ㞃ࢀᐙ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ⱥᅜࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ࣐ࣟࣥὴリேࠊ࢘ࣜ յࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣋ࣜࡢ࣮࣍ࣥࢳ࣭࢜ࣈ࣭ࣦ࢙ࢽࢯࣥ ࣒࣭࣮࣡ࢬ࣮࣡ࢫ㸦1770㸫1850㸧ࡢ⏕ㄌᆅࠋ 18 ୡ⣖ࡢࢪ࣮ࣙࢪࣥᵝᘧࡢࢱ࢘ࣥࣁ࢘ࢫ ࡛⏕ㄌࡽᗂᑡᮇࢆࡇࡇ࡛㐣ࡈࡋࡓࠋ 2009 ᖺ 11 ᭶ࡢ㞵࡛㏆ࡃࡢࢲ࣮࢙࢘ࣥࢺᕝ ࡀỏ℃ࡋὥỈ࡞ࡾࢥࢵ࣐࢝ࢫࡢ⏫ࡀᇦ ࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡛᭱ྂࡢࣃࣈ࡛㮵ᩱ⌮࡛᭷ྡࠋ ࡛Ỉἐࡋࡁ࡞⿕ᐖࡀฟࡓࠋࡇࡢࢱ࢘ࣥࣁ࢘ նࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢࢩ࣮ࣕࣟࢵࢡ࣭࣮࣒࣍ࢬ ࡛㈗㔜࡞㈈⏘ࢆᏲࡗࡓࠋᙜࡢὥỈ࡛ࡢỈἐ ࢫࡢᆅୗᐊࡶỈἐࡋࡓࡀࠊNT ࡢேࠎࡢດຊ ࣛࣥࡢᶆ㆑ࡀ❧࡚ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣᆅ ඖࡢ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࡀ 18 ୡ⣖ᙜࡢࢥࢫࢳࣗ ࣮࣒ࢆ╔࡚⏕άᵝᘧࡸ࢟ࢵࢳ࡛ࣥࡢㄪ⌮ࡢ ᪉ࢆヲࡋࡃㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋᗞࡢ࣮࢞ࢹࣥ ࡣᯝᶞᅬ࡛ࣜࣥࢦࡀ࡞ࡿࠋ ࣅ࣮ࣝࡶࡍ࡚ࡀ᥈ഄ࣮࣒࣍ࢬᅉࡴࠋ ࡇࡢ୰ࡢࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢࣃࢻ࣭ࣈࣝࡣ 1155 ᖺṔྐࢆ㐳ࡿࠋ୰ୡࡢ㡭ࡣ㤿㌴ࡢᐟἩᡤ࡞ ࡾ 1533 ᖺసࡽࢀࡓ㝵ẁࡶࡑࡢࡲࡲṧࡗ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋᚋゼࡡࡿࣛࡢ࣐࣮࣓ࢻ࣭ࣥࡢࣃࣈ ղ ࢲࣈ࣭ࢥࢵࢸࢪ ⱥᅜ᭱ྂࡢṔྐࢆ➇࠺ࣃࣈ࡛ᗃ㟋ఏㄝࡀṧࡗ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡶᗃ㟋ࡀ࡛ࡿࡢ࡛ࡑࡢ㝵ẁࢆୖ ࣮࣡ࢬ࣮࣡ࢫࡢసάືࡢ᭱ࡶ┒ࢇ࡞ ࡾ 2 㝵ࡢᐟἩタࢆෆࡋ࡚ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋᬑ㏻ࡢ ᮇጒࡢࢻࣟࢩ࣮ 10 ᖺ㛫ఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡓᐙࠋ 㒊ᒇ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ୍Ἡࡋ࡚ᗃ㟋య㦂ࢆࡋ ࡑࡢ㛫ࠊᗂ㥆ᰁࡢ࣓࣮ࣜ⤖፧ࡋᏊ౪ࢆࡶ ࡓࡗࡓᡤ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࠺ࡅࡓࡀඹྠ⏕άࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅ㉁ ࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣋ࣜࡢྡ≀ࣃࣈࠊࠕThe Haunch of ⣲ᚭࡋࡓ࣮࣡ࢬ࣮࣡ࢫࡢ⏕άࡾࡀᙜࡢ Venisonࠖࡣ 400 ᖺࡢṔྐࡀ࠶ࡿࣃࣈ࡛ࡑࡢ᫇ ࡲࡲࡢ≧ែ࡛ಖᏑࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㒊ᒇࡢ୰ࡣᬯ ࣮࢝ࢻࢤ࣮࣒࡛࠸ࡉࡲࢆࡋࡓேࡢᡭࡀษࡾⴠ ࡃࣟ࢘ࢯࢡࡢࡍࡍ࡛㯮ࡎࡳໝ࠸ࡀ❧ࡕ㎸ࡵ࡚ 㻡㻌 㻌 − 65 − ࠸ࡓࠋ࣓࣮ࣜࡣ࠶ࡲࡾࡢ㉁⣲࡞⏕άࡢࡓࡵࠊ յ ࢟ࣕࢵࢫࣝࣜࢵࢢ࣭ࢫࢺ࣮࣭ࣥࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ 37 ṓࡢⱝࡉ࡛࡚ࡢṑࡀᢤࡅᮌࡢධࢀṑࢆࡋ (Castlerigg Stone Circle) ࢣࢪࢵࢡࡽ㌴࡛ 10 ศࡢᗈ࡞㔝ཎ ࡚࠸ࡓ࠸࠺ࠋ㸦ゎㄝဨࡢㄝ᫂㸧ࠋ ࣑ࢫࢸࣜࢫ⎔≧୪ࢇࡔࢫࢺ࣮࣭ࣥࢧ࣮ ࢡࣝࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⣖ඖ๓ 3000 ᖺ㡭సࡽࢀࡓࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 38 ಶࡢᑠࡢᒾࡀ⎔≧୪ࡽࢀ࡚ ࠾ࡾࠊᒾࡢ㓄⨨ࡣኳᩥᏛⓗ࡞ពࡀ࠶ࡿྂ ௦ࡢᘧࢃࢀࡓㅖㄝࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢼࢩࣙࢼ ճ ࣄ࣭ࣝࢺࢵࣉ㸦Hill Top㸧 ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣮࢜ࢡࡢᶆ㆑ࡀධ ࠗࣆ࣮ࢱ࣮ࣛࣅࢵࢺࡢ࠾ࡣ࡞ࡋ࠘࡞⤮ᮏ ࡾཱྀ࠶ࡾᐤ㔠⟽ࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ⟶⌮⪅ࡣ⌧ᆅㄡ ❺ヰసᐙࡋ࡚ᡂຌࡋࡓࣅࢺࣜࢡࢫ࣭࣏ࢱ࣮ ࡶ࠸࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㐲᪉ࡣ࡞ࡔࡽ࡞ᒣ୪ࡳࡀぢ ࡀ 1905 ᖺࠊ39 ṓࡢ༳⛯࡛†Ỉᆅ᪉ᑠࡉ ࠼ࡿ㔝ཎࡢ୰࠶ࡿࠋ ࡞㎰ሙ㸦ࣄ࣭ࣝࢺࢵࣉ㸧ࡁࡢࢥࢸࢵࢪࢆ㉎ධ ࡋࡓࡑࡢᐙࠋ௨ᚋࣄ࣭ࣝࢺࢵࣉࡀ⤮ᮏࡢ⯙ྎ ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᙜࡢㄪᗘရࡽ⏕ά⏝ලࡲ࡛ࡑ ࡢࡲࡲࡢ≧ែ࡛ಖᏑࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ77 ṓ࡛Ṛཤࡍ ࡿࡲ࡛†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ⮬↛ࢆᏲࡿάືࢆࡋࡓࠋධሙ ࡣ㛫ᣦᐃไࠋධࡾཱྀࡣ⊃ࡃ 2 㝵ᘓ࡚ࡢ㸯㝵 ն ࣈࣛࣥࢺ࢘ࢵࢻࡢࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣛࢫ࢟ࣥࡢ㑰Ꮿ ࣜࣅࣥࢢ࢟ࢵࢳࣥࠊ2 㝵 4 ᐊ࠶ࡿࡀẚ㍑ⓗ ࣮࣍ࢡࢫ࣊ࢵࢻࡽす᪉࠶ࡿࢥࢽࢫࢺࣥ† ⊃ࡃኳࡶప࠸ࠋ ␁ࡢࣈࣛࣥࢺ࢘ࢵࢻ࠶ࡿ㑰Ꮿ࡛ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝ ࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢ⟶⌮࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣛࢫ࢟ࣥ㈈ᅋ ࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ18 ୡ⣖ᚋ༙⨾⾡ホㄽᐙࡋ ࡚ά㌍ࡋ†Ỉᆅ᪉ࡢ⮬↛⎔ቃಖㆤάືࢆ᥎ࡋ㐍 ࡵࠊᚋࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺタከ࡞ᙳ 㡪ࢆ࠼ࡓࣛࢫ࢟ࣥࡀ 1872 ᖺࡽஸࡃ࡞ࡿᬌ մ ࣅࢺࣜࢡࢫ࣭࣏ࢱ࣮࣭ࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜ ᖺࡢ 28 ᖺ㛫ఫࢇࡔ㑰Ꮿ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙜࡢẼほ 㸦Beatrix Potter Gallery㸧 ⏝ࡢභゅᙧࡢᙇࡾฟࡋ❆ࡸᆅ⌫ࠊᮃ㐲㙾ࠊ ࣮࣍ࢡࢫ࣊ࢵࢻ࠶ࡿࣅࢺࣜࢡࢫࡢసရᒎ ኳᩥᏛࡸẼ㇟Ꮫࡢᩥ⊩࡞ࡀࡑࡢࡲࡲࡢ≧ែ࡛ ♧ࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜࠋኵࡢ࣒࢘ࣜࡀᘚㆤኈົᡤ ᒎ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᐈ㛫ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊኚ⯆῝࠸ࠋ㑰 ࡋ࡚ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓᘓ≀࡞ࡢ࡛ᘓ≀⮬యࡣᬑ㏻࡛ Ꮿࡽᮃࡴࢥࢽࢫࢺࣥ†ࡑࢀࢆྲྀࡾᅖࡴᒣ୪ ࡦࡗࡑࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2 㝵࡛ᙼዪࡢ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝ ࡳࡢࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢ═ࡵࡣ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠸ࠋࢥࢽࢫ ࡢཎ⏬ࡸࢫࢣࢵࢳࣈࢵࢡࡀẖᖺࢸ࣮࣐ࢆධࢀ᭰ ࢺࣥ†ࡣ†Ỉᆅ᪉࡛㸱␒┠ࡁ࠸†࡛࿘ᅖࡢ ࠼࡚ᒎ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋぢᏛࡣ㛫ᣦᐃไ࡛ேᩘ ∾ⲡᆅࡣ∵ࠊ㤿ࡀࡢⲡࢆ㣗ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ ไ㝈ࡀ࠶ࡾ⌧ᆅ࡛ཷ㛫ࡀᣦᐃࡉࢀࡿࠋ ෆ㒊ࡢ┿ᙳࡣ⚗Ṇࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᭷ྡேࡢ㑰Ꮿࢆゼࡡ࡚ շ ࢫࣆ࣮ࢡ࣭࣮࣍ࣝ 㻢㻌 㻌 − 66 − ࣜࣂࣉ࣮ࣝ࠶ࡿ㯮ሬࡾࡢࡗࡋࡾࡋࡓࢳ ඖࣅ࣮ࢺࣝࢬࡢ࣏࣮࣭࣐ࣝࢵ࣮࢝ࢺࢽ࣮ ࣮ࣗࢲ࣮ᵝᘧࡢ࢝ࣥࢺ࣮࣭ࣜࣁ࢘ࢫ࡛ 1530 ᖺ 㸦1942㸫㸧ࡀᐙ᪘ 1955 ᖺࡽ㐣ࡈࡋࡓࢸࣛ ᘓ㐀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ㑰ෆࡣࣅࢡࢺࣜᮅࡢࣥࢸࣜ ࢫࣁ࢘ࢫࠋ࣏࣮ࣝࡀ㏆ᡤࡢࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣞࣀࣥ▱ ࡛࣒࣭࢘ࣜࣔࣜࢫࡢቨ⣬ࡀࣛࣈ࣮ࣛࣜ ࡾྜ࠸ࣂࣥࢻ㡢ᴦࡢ⦎⩦ࢆࡇࡢࣜࣅࣥࢢ࡛ࡼࡃ ࡸᗄࡘࡢ㒊ᒇࡢቨ⣬ࢃࢀ㔜ཌࡉࡀఏࢃࡿࠋ ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ1998 ᖺ࣏࣮ࣝ⮬㌟ࡢᕼᮃ࡛ࢼࢩ ࡢ㒊ᒇࡶ NT ࡢᖺ㓄ࡢᆅඖ࣎ࣛࣥࢸࡀ ࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺᐤ㉗ࡉࢀࡓᚋࠊṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ ᚅᶵࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᐊෆࡢㄪᗘရࡽᖺ௦≀ࡢ ࡓ┿ࢆඖ NT ࡀ 1950 ᖺ௦ᙜࡢ⏕άᵝᘧ ⨨≀ࡢṔྐ࡞ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋ ࢆ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅᛅᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋ୧㞄ࡢᐙࡣᬑ㏻ ࡢ୍⯡ఫẸࡀᬽࡽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛බ㛤ࡣ 1 ᪥ 4 ᅇ ࡛ྛ 30 ศ㝈ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣞࢭࣉࢩࣙࣥ๓ࡢᚅྜࡽ NT ᑓ⏝ࡢࠕࣅ࣮ ࢺࣝࢬ࣭ࢶ࣮ࠖࣂࢫࡀฟⓎࡍࡿࠋ1 ᅇࡘࡁ պ ࢳ࣮ࣕࢺ࢙࢘ࣝ 㸦Chartwell㸧 16 ྡࡲ࡛ࡢண⣙⪅ࢆ NT ࡀ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࣅ࣮ࢺࣝࢬ ࡺࡾࡢ㸰㌺ࡢᐙෆࡍࡿ⣙ 2 㛫ࡢࢶ࣮ ඖⱥᅜ㤳┦ࡢࢧ࣮࣭࢘ࣥࢫࢺ࣭ࣥࢳ࣮ࣕࢳ ୍࡛ே 16.8 ࣏ࣥࢻࠋ୍᪥ 4 ᅇ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣝ㸦1874㸫1965㸧ࡢ㑰Ꮿ࡛ 1922 ᖺ㉎ධࡋ 90 ṓ࡛ஸࡃ࡞ࡿࡲ࡛࠾ࡼࡑ 40 ᖺ㛫ࢆࡇࡢ㑰Ꮿ ࡛㐣ࡈࡋࡓࠋࣟࣥࢻࣥࡢ༡ࠊ㌴࡛ᩘ༑ศࡢࢣࣥ ࢺᕞࡢ᳃ࡢ୰ᘓࡘࠋ㑰ෆࡣ୍ᐙࡀ㐣ࡈࡋࡓ 1920 ᖺ௦ࡽ 30 ᖺ௦ࡢ⏕άᵝᘧࢆࡑࡢࡲࡲࡢ ≧ែ࡛බ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢳ࣮ࣕࢳࣝࡀஸࡃ࡞ࡿ๓ ո ࣓ࣥࢹࣉࢫ㸦Mendips㸧 ࡽࡇࡢ㑰Ꮿࡣࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺᐤ㉗ࡉ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋẖᖺ 6 ᭶ࡽࡣࣂࣛࡀ‶㛤࡞ࡾ⨾ ඖࣅ࣮ࢺࣝࢬࡢࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࣞࣀࣥ㸦1940㸫1980㸧 ࡀᗂᑡࡢ 5 ṓࡽ࠾ࡼࡑ 18 ᖺ㛫ࡢ㟷ᖺᮇࡲ࡛ ࡋ࠸࣮ࣟࢬ࣭࣮࢞ࢹࣥࡀ᭷ྡ࡛࠶ࡿࠋNT ࡢࢩ ࢆ㐣ࡈࡋࡓུẕࡢᐙ࡛ఫᏯ⾤࠶ࡾᙜࡢ⏕ά ࣙࢵࣉ࡛ࢳ࣮ࣕࢳࣝࡺࡾࡢグᛕရࡸ࢟ࣕࣛࢡ ⏝ලࡸᐙලࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⠏ 70 ᖺ௨ୖࡢⱥᅜ ࢱ࣮ࢢࢵࢬࡀ࠾ᅵ⏘ࡋ࡚ேẼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡢᆺⓗ࡞ 2 Ჷᘓ࡚ࡢࢭ࣑ࢹࢱࢵࢳࢻ࣭ࣁ࢘ࢫ ࡛ࢪࣙࣥࡢ㒊ᒇࡣ 2 㝵࠶ࡿࠋ2002 ᖺࠊᮍஸ ேࡢ࢜ࣀ࣭࣮ࣚࢥࡀࡇࡢᐙࢆ㈙࠸ྲྀࡾࢼࢩࣙࢼ ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺᐤ㉗ࡋࡓࠋNT ᑓᒓࡢࢫࢱࢵࣇ ࡀᖖ㥔ࡋྛ㒊ᒇࢆෆࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋ ᫎ⏬ࡢ⯙ྎ࡞ࡗࡓሙᡤࢆゼࡡ࡚ ջ ࣞࢥࢵࢡ࣭ࣅ㸫㸤ࣦࣞࢵࢪ㸦Lacock Abbey & Village㸧 ᮧయࡀࡑࡗࡃࡾࢱ࣒ࢫࣜࢵࣉࡋࡓࡢࡼ ࠺࡞୰ୡࡢ㠃ᙳࢆࡵࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ չ 20 ࣇ࢛࣮ࢫ࣭࣮ࣜࣥࣟࢻ࣭࣮ࣝࢺࣥ ࡛ಖㆤࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋJ࣭K࣭࣮ࣟࣜࣥࢢࡢࠕࣁࣜ 㸦20 Forthlin Road,Allerton㸧 ࣮࣭࣏ࢵࢱ࣮ࠖࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࡢ➨୍సࠊࠕࣁ࣮࣭ࣜ 㻣㻌 㻌 − 67 − ࣏ࢵࢱ࣮㈼⪅ࡢ▼ࠖࡢࣟࢣᆅ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋࣟࣥ ┤⥺࡛୰ࡢᘓ㐀≀ධࡿࡼ࠺⤌ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ ࢻࣥࡽす㌴࡛㸰㛫ࡢᡤ࠶ࡿࠋಟ㐨 ࡀࠊࡇࡢᕧ▼ᘓ㐀≀ࡣᐇ㝿ㄡࡀఱࡢ┠ⓗ࡛㐀 㝔ࡣ 13 ୡ⣖ࡢᘓ⠏࡛ࢱࣝ࣎ࢵࢺᐙࡀ 1800 ᖺ௦ ࡗࡓ࡞ࡣ⌧ᅾࡶㅖㄝ࠶ࡾ࣑ࢫࢸࣜࢫ࡞㞺 ࡽ㛗ࡃఫᒃࡋ࡚ᙜࡢ⏕άࡢᵝᏊࢆṧ ᅖẼࢆసࡾࡔࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ1918 ᖺᅜࡢᡤ᭷࡞ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢಟ㐨㝔ࡢ୰ᗞࡸᅇᗯࡀᫎ⏬Ⓩ ࡾࠊ㏆ࡃࡢ࢚࣮ࣦ࢙࣮ࣜ࠶ࡿࢫࢺ࣮ࣥࢧ࣮ࢡ ሙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢇேᙳࢆぢ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࣞ ࣝࢆྵࡵ࡚ 1986 ᖺୡ⏺㑇⏘Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࢥࢵࢡᮧࡣᬑ㏻ேࠎࡀ⏕άࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ ⌧ᅾࡣⱥᅜ࣊ࣜࢸࢪ㈈ᅋࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ୍㒊ࡀ NT ㏆௦┿ᢏ⾡ࡢ⏕ࡳࡢぶࠊࣇ࢛ࢵࢡࢫ࣭ࢱࣝ࣎ ࡛ಖㆤࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋNT ࡢဨࡣ↓ᩱ࡛ධሙ ࢵࢺࡢ┿༤≀㤋ࡶධࡾཱྀ࠶ࡾ⯆῝࠸ࠋ ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࢆྵࡴᩘ࢝ᅜㄒࡢ㡢ኌෆᶵჾ ࢆࣞࣥࢱࣝࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ռ ࢭࣈ࣭ࣥࢩࢫࢱ࣮ࢬ㸦Seven Sisters㸧 վ ࣂ࣮ࢫ 㸦Bath㸧 ᫎ⏬ࠕࣟࣅ࣭ࣥࣇࢵࢻࠖ㸦1991 ᖺ㸧ࡢ୰ฟ ࡚ࡃࡿࢻ࣮ࣂ࣮ᾏᓙ㠃ࡋ࡚❧ࡘⓑ࠸▼⅊ᒾᒙ 㸯ୡ⣖࣮࣐ࣟேࡀⱥᅜᨷࡵධࡾྛᆅ ࡢ⤯ቨ࡛ 7 ேࡢጜጒࡀ❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺ぢ࠼ࡿ ࣮࣐ࣟேࡢ⏫ࢆసࡗࡓࡀࡑࡢ௦⾲ⓗ࡞⾤ࡀࣂ࣮ ࡇࡽࡇࡢྡࡀࡘ࠸ࡓࠋᾏᓊ⥺┤❧ࡑࡑ ࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⱥㄒࡢࣂ࣮ࢫࡀ㢼࿅ࡢ⏤᮶࡞ࡾ 18 ࡾ❧ࡘ⤯ቨࡢୖࡲ࡛⾜ࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀᰙ࡞ ୡ⣖ࡣⱥᅜୖὶ㝵⣭ࡢಖ㣴ᆅࡋ࡚Ⓨᒎࡋࡓࠋ ୍ษ࡞࠸⮬↛ࡢ≧ែ࡛ᖖᙉ㢼ࡀᾏࡽ྿ࡁࡘ ⾤୰ࡣࢪ࣮ࣙࢪࣥ⋤ᮅ㢼ࡢࡗࡋࡾࡋࡓᘓ ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣇࣛࣥࢫࡽ⯪࡛ⱥᅜ᮶ࡿᚲ ≀ࡀከࡃṧࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ ࡢ⦾ᰤࡀఏࢃࡿࠋࣟ ࡎ┠ࡍࡿࡇࡢⓑ࠸⤯ቨࡣࢠࣜࢫࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿ ࣮࣐࣭ࣥࣂࢫ㊧ࡣ≉᭷ྡ࡛ほගࡢ࣓ࢵ࢝࡞ ᭷ྡ࡞ᬒᆅ࡛ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡼࡾಖ ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ࣮࢜ࢹ࢜࢞ࢻ࡛࣮࣐ࣟ ㆤࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ௦ࡽ⥆ࡃ ἨࡢṔྐࢆ▱ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⾤ ࡣᆏࡀከ࠸ࠋ༙ᙧࢆࡋࡓࢸࣛࢫࣁ࢘ࢫࡢࣟ ࣭ࣖࣝࢡࣞࢵࢭࣥࢺࡣඃ⨾࡞ࢪ࣮ࣙࢪࣥ⋤ᮅ ᵝᘧࢆ௦⾲ࡍࡿᘓ㐀≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⾤୰ࡢࢵࢭࣥ ࣈ࣮࣭࣮࣒ࣜࣝࢬࡣᙜࡢ㈗᪘ࡢ♫ሙ࡛⥡㯇 ࡞ࢩࣕࣥࢹࣜࡀࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊNT ࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣂ࣮ࢫᕷ⾤యࡣ 1987 ᖺୡ⏺㑇⏘ Ⓩ㘓ࡉࢀࡓⱥᅜᒅᣦࡢほගᆅ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ྂ௦ࡢ㑇㊧࣮࣐ࣟேࡢ㊊㊧ࢆゼࡡ࡚ ս ࢫࢺ࣮ࣥ࣊ࣥࢪ (Stonehenge) ࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣋ࣜࡢ 15 ࢟ࣟ⨨ࡍࡿࡇࡢඛ ྐ௦ࡢࢫࢺ࣮ࣥ࣊ࣥࢪࡢ㉳※ࡣ 5000 ᖺ๓ 㐳ࡿࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢᚋ⣖ඖ๓ 3000 ᖺ๓ ࡽ 1600 ᖺ๓ఱᅇࡢẁ㝵ࢆ⤒࡚ᕧ▼ࢆ⎔≧ տ ࢳ ࢙ ࢻ ࣡ ࣮ ࢫ ࣭ ࣟ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣭ ࣦ ࣛ 㓄⨨ࡋᶓ▼ࢆୖ㍕ࡏࠊෆഃࡶ㤿㋟ᙧᕧ ▼ࢆ㓄⨨ࡋ࡚⌧ᅾࡢ≧ែ࡞ࡗࡓ᥎ᐃࡉࢀ࡚ (Chedworth ࠸ࡿࠋኟ⮳ࡢ᪥ࡢฟ⮳ࡢ᪥ἐኴ㝧ࡢගࡀ ⱥᅜ༡㒊ࡢࢥࢵࢶ࢛࢘ࣝࢬᆅ᪉ࡢ㒔ᕷࠊࢳ࢙ 㻤㻌 㻌 − 68 − Roman Villa) ࣝࢺࢼ࣒ࡽ༡す㌴࡛ 1 㛫ࡢୣ㝠ᆅᖏ ࡢࣂࢺࣝ㸦ᡓ㜚㸧ࡀࡇࡢ⾤ࡢྡ๓ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ ࣮࣐ࣟேࡀ 2 ୡ⣖㐀ࡗࡓ㛗᪉ᙧࡢಖ㣴タ ࡿࠋᕷෆࡢ㐨㊰ἢ࠸ࡣࠕ1066 Battleࠖࡢ⾲ ࡀ NT ࡢ⟶⌮࡛බ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ2 ୡ⣖ᙜࡢ ♧ࡀ࠸ࡃࡘࡶ❧ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ༨㡿ᚋ࣒࢘ࣜᚁ ಖ㣴タࡣ 50 ᐊ௨ୖࡢ㒊ᒇࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ࣮࣐ࣟ ᭹⋤ࡀࣂࢺࣝᇛࢆᘓ࡚ࡓࡶࡢࡀ⌧ᅾࠊⱥᅜ࣊ࣜ ேࡀ㢼࿅ሙࡢ᪤ࢧ࢘ࢼࡸᗋᬮᡣࢆഛ࠼ࡓ ࢸࢪ㈈ᅋࡀ⟶⌮㐠Ⴀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୰ධࡿ ಖ㣴タࢆᣢࡕࠊ㒊ᒇࡢᗋࡣࡶ㩭ࡸ࡞ࣔ 1066 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 14 ᪥ࡢᡓ࠸ࡢ୍᪥ࢆ⌧ࡋࡓࣃ ࢨࢡࡀṧࡾ㉕ἑ࡞タࢆംࡤࡏࡿࠋNT ࡢ⟶ ࢿࣝࡸ୧㌷ࡢᐇ㝿ࡢᡓ㜚᭹ࡸṊჾࡢᒎ♧ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ⌮タࡋ࡚ᆅඖࡢᑠᏛᰯࡢᏊ౪㐩ࡀඛ⏕ᘬ ᇛࡢࡣᐇ㝿ࡢᡓሙ㊧࡛᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㡢ኌ࢞ࢻࡢ ⋡ࡉࢀ࡚ࡇࡢ㑇㊧ᰯእᏛ⩦࡛᮶࡚࠸ࡓࠋ ࣞࣥࢱࣝࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ⣙ 1000 ᖺ๓ࡢᡓ㜚ᙜ᪥ࡢᵝ Ꮚࢆゎㄝ࡛⪺ࡁ࡞ࡀࡽṌ࠸࡚ᅇࡿ࣮ࣝࢺࡀタᐃ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋNT ࡢဨ࡛ࡶࡇࡇࡣูṇつࡢ ධሙᩱ㔠ࡀࡿࠋ ր ࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ (Chester) ⱥᅜ୰㒊⨨ࡍࡿ⾤ࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡢṔྐࡣྂ ࡃࠊ1 ୡ⣖࣮࣐ࣟ㌷ࡀᇶᆅࡋ࡚༨ᣐࡋ᪉ ւ ࣛ (Rye) ࡽࡢ㜵ᚚࡢࡓࡵ⾤ࢆ▼ࡢቨ࡛ᅖࡴᇛቨࢆ㐀ࡗ ࡓࠋᮾす༡㸲ࡘࡢࢤ࣮ࢺࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᇛቨෆࡢ ࣊ࢫࢸࣥࢢࡽ㌴࡛ 30 ศࡢᾏᓊ⥺ ⾤ࡣࢳ࣮ࣗࢲ࣮ᮅᵝᘧࡢⓑቨ㯮࠸ᱱࡢᘓ≀ࡀ ࠶ࡿⱥᅜ࡛ࡶேẼࡢᑠࡉ࡞ ⾤࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣥ ㌺ࢆ୪ࠊࡉ࡞ࡀࡽ୰ୡࡢ⾤ࢱ࣒ࢫࣜࢵࣉ ࢸ࣮ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࡸࢠ࣮ࣕࣛࣜࡀ▼␚ࡢ㐨ᆏ ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞ឤࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⾤୰ࡢ࣍ࢸࣝࠊࣃࢻ࣭ ࡢ㏻ࡾ୪ࡪⴠࡕ╔࠸ࡓほගࡢ⾤࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣈࣝࡣṔྐࡀྂࡃ 1155 ᖺᴗࡋࠊⱥᅜ୍ྂ ⾤୰࠶ࡿ࣐࣮࣓ࢻ࣭ࣥࡣ 1420 ᖺᘓ ࠸ࣃࣈࡶ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢ࣍ࢸࣝࡢᗃ㟋ఏㄝࡀࣃࣈෆ ࡉࢀࡓṔྐࢆᣢࡘ࣍ࢸ࡛ࣝࡑࡇࡢࣃࣈࡣⱥᅜ࡛ ࡢ㯮ᯈ⾲♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⾤ࡢ୰ᚰࡣࡗࡋࡾ ࡶ᭱ྂࡢࣃࣈࡋ࡚⏤⥴ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢ᫇ࡣⱥᅜ ࡋࡓࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮⪷ᇽࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ࡢᾏ㈫ࡢ㞃ࢀᐙࡶ࡞ࡾ⛎ᐦࡢ㏻㊰ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⾤ ࡢࢭࣥࢺ࣭࣓࣮ࣜᩍࡣ 1150 ᖺᘓ࡚ࡽࢀ ࡓᚋࠊ1300 ᖺ௦ࣇࣛࣥࢫ㌷ࣛࡢ⾤ࡀ༨㡿 ࡉࢀ↝ࡁᡶࢃࢀࡓࡶṧࡗࡓᩍ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑ ࡢࣇࣛࣥࢫ㌷ᣢࡕཤࡽࢀࡓ୍ࡘ 200Kg ࡶ࠶ࡿᩍࡢ 4 ࡘࡢ࣋ࣝࡣᚋⱥᅜࡀྲྀࡾᡠࡋ ࡓṔྐࢆᣢࡘࠋᒇୖⓏࡿࣛࡢ⾤ࡀ୍ᮃ࡛ Ṕྐୖࡢ᭷ྡ࡞ሙᡤࢆゼࡡ࡚ ࡁࡿࠋ㏆ࡃࣉ࣭ࣛࢱ࣮࣡࠸࠺ᇛࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ ց ࣊ࢫࢸࣥࢢࢫࣂࢺࣝ (Hastings & ◙ࡀ࠸ࡃࡘࡶᾏྥࡗ࡚⨨ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ Battle) ⱥᅜ༡㒊ࡢᾏᓊ⥺࠶ࡿ࣊ࢫࢸࣥࢢࢫࡣ Ṕྐୖ᭷ྡ࡞ 1066 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 14 ᪥ࡢኳୗศࡅ┠ ࡢỴᡓࠕ࣊ࢫࢸࣥࢢࢫࡢᡓ࠸ࠖࡢ⯙ྎ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋࣇࣛࣥࢫࡢࣀ࣐ࣝࣥࢪ࣮බ࣒࢘ࣜࡀ ࢠࣜࢫᅜ⋤ࣁࣟࣝࢻ㌷ࢆ◚ࡾⱥᅜࢆ༨㡿ࡋࡓࡑ 㻥㻌 㻌 − 69 − փ ࢯ࣮ࣝࢬ࣋ࣜ (Salisbury) ゼၥὀពࡍࡿࡣࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ ⱥᅜᒅᣦࡢࢦࢳࢵࢡᘓ⠏ࡢ⪷ᇽࢆᅖࡳ 13 ࡢࣉࣟࣃࢸࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ㐌ෆࡢ㛤㤋᪥㛫ࡶ 㹼14 ୡ⣖ࡢ୰ୡࡢ㢼ࢆṧࡋࡓྂ࠸⾤୪ࡳࢆ ␗࡞ࡾࠊࣉࣛࢽࣥࢢࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡣኤ᪉ 5 ᣢࡘࠋ⪷ᇽ࡛ࡣⱥᅜ⌧Ꮡࡍࡿࠕ࣐ࢢࢼ࣭࢝ ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛤㤋ࡀ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ࡢ࡛㛗㊥㞳ࡢࢻࣛࣈ ࣝࢱࠖࡢཎᮏࡢ㸯ࡘࡀᒎ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏻ࡢ ࡛ࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ⌧ᆅ฿╔ࡋࡓࡣ᪤ධ㤋㛫 せᡤ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡾࡇࡇࡽࢫࢺ࣮ࣥ࣊ࣥࢪࡢ᪥ᖐ ࢆ㐣ࡂ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛せὀព࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㝈ࡽࢀࡓᮇ㛫࡛ࡣ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࡇࡢࢼࢩ࣭ࣙࣛࣝ ࡾほගᣐⅬ࡞ࡾ㈰ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆゼࡡࡿⱥᅜࡢ᪑ࡣᮏᙜࡢࣥࢢࣛࣥ ࢻࡢⰋࡉࠊ⎔ቃࢶ࣮ࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᐇ㊶ࡍࡿᕷẸࡢ ⮬↛⎔ቃࢆᏲࡿព㆑ࡢ㧗ࡉゐࢀࡓ᪑⾜࡛ࡶ ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᭱ᚋ NT Handbook (2010)ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢩࢵ ࢪ࢙࣮࣭࣮ࣥ࢜ࢫࢳࣥࡢᑠㄝࢆᫎ⏬ࡋࡓࠕ࠸ ࣉ⏝࢞ࢻࣈࢵࢡ᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ௨ୗࡢࢫ࣮ࣟ࢞ ࡘᬕࢀࡓ᪥ࠖࡢᙳࢃࢀࡓ 18 ୡ⣖ࡢ ࣥࢆᘬ⏝ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ ඃ㞞࡞㑰Ꮿࡣࠊᐇࡣ⪷ᇽࡢ๓࠶ࡿࠕࣔࣥ࣌ ࠕBest of all, you will know that you are ࢵࢯ࣭ࣥࣁ࢘ࢫ࡛ࠖ㘓ࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊNT ࡀ helping to protect the places you enjoy for ⟶⌮බ㛤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ever, for everyoneࠖ ͤᮏ✏ࡣ⚄ᡞᾏᫍዪᏊᏛ㝔Ꮫ࡛ࡢ➨ 25 ᅇබ 㛤ㅮᗙ㸦2013 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 19 ᪥㸧࠾࠸࡚ࡢཱྀ㢌 Ⓨ⾲ຍ➹ಟṇࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࠾ࢃࡾ ึࡵ࡚ⱥᅜࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆゼࡡࠊࣞ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ࣥࢱ࣮࡛࢝ᕠࡿ 10 ᪥㛫ࡢࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻࡢ᪑⾜ ఏ㎰ᾈᏊࠊ㎷⣧୍(2005), ࠗࢠࣜࢫ†Ỉᆅ ࡔࡗࡓࠋ࣐ࣥࢳ࢙ࢫࢱ࣮ࡽࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡋ†Ỉᆅ ᪉࠘ࠊJTB ࣃࣈࣜࢵࢩࣥࢢ ᪉ୖࡋ࡚ࡽࣥࢢࣛࣥࢻ༡➃ࡢࢻ࣮ࣂ࣮ ཎၨྜྷ(1998), ࠗࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ᪂∧࠘ࠊ ᾏᓙ㠃ࡋࡓࣛࡢ⾤ࡲ࡛⦪᩿ࡋࠊ᭱ᚋࡢࣟࣥ ୕┬ᇽ ࢻࣥࡲ࡛ 1900㹩㹫ࢆ㉺࠼ࡿࢻࣛࣈࢆࡋ࡞ࡀ National Trust Handbook ࡽ 20 ⟠ᡤవࡾࢆゼၥࡋࡓࠋ᪥ᮏ࡛ゝ࠺㟷᳃ ᑠ㔝ࡲࡾ(2006), ࠗᅗㄝ ⱥᅜࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺ ┴ࡽ㮵ඣᓥ┴ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳࡞ࡿࠋࢼࢩࣙࢼ ࣛࢫࢺ⣖⾜࠘ ࠊἙฟ᭩ᡣ᪂♫ ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺ࡛ಖㆤࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿṔྐⓗᘓ≀ࡣ㒔 ᶓᕝ⠇Ꮚ(2001), ࠗࢠࣜࢫ ࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺ ᕷ㒊ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㎰ᮧࡢ୰ࡸୣ㝠ᆅᖏࡢ᳃ࡢ୰ࠊ ࣛࢫࢺࢆ᪑ࡍࡿ࠘ࠊ༓᪩᭩ᡣ ே㔛㞳ࢀࡓ࣮࣐ࣟ௦ࡢ㑇㊧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࠋ ᅄඖᛅ༤(2007), ࠗࢼࢩࣙࢼ࣭ࣝࢺࣛࢫࢺࡢ ㏵୰࡛㐨ࢆゼࡡࡿேࡶ࠸࡞࠸⏣⯋࡛ࡣࡓࡔ࢝ ᣍᚅ࠘ࠊ⥳㢼ฟ∧ ࣮࣭ࢼࣅࢤ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⮬ศࡢ຺㢗ࡾ࡞ࡀࡽ᥈ ࡋᙜ࡚ࡿࡢ୍ⱞປࡍࡿࡶᗘࠎ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ 㻝㻜㻌 㻌 (2010) − 70 −
© Copyright 2024 Paperzz
