PowerPoint-presentatie

On-Farm Demonstrations of
Maize GAP: a case study of
Nkoranza and Savelugu
municipalities,
Ghana
IMAGINE project
25 April 2017, Samuel Adjei-Nsiah
Contributors data collection: Gyan, Samuel, Clement
Pictures taken by: Samuel
Introduction
Maize is an important staple and the
most consumed cereal in Ghana
Yield is however low averaging about 1.7
tons per hectare
There has been a lot of intervention
within the last decade in terms of
research and development
Yield has however increased marginally
within the last 25 years averaging about
1.5% per annum
2
Introduction
The low yield is attributed to several
factors including
Reliance on rainfall
Low use of fertilizers
Poor agronomic practices
Fertilization (timing and amount) is the
most important factor that accounts
for large yield gaps in crops in Africa
 But depends among others on the soil
fertility status and variety
3
Objectives
Determine the effect of different fertilizer
rates and recommended and farmers
planting densities on yield of maize
Evaluate farmers own variety and
improved maize varieties on yield of
maize
4
Materials and Methods: study sites
Season
Nkoranza
Savelugu
Minor: Sept. Dec
Major: April August
Main: Jun –
Oct.
5
Materials and Methods: Study sites
Nkoranza
Savelugu
Seasons
Minor, major
1 main
Household members
5
11
TLU
0.6
4.4
Farm area (ha)
3.3
4.7
Plot distance home (km)
2.0
0.9
Tractor ownership (%)
0
16
Rental of land (%)
33
2
Fertilizer use (%)
78
64
Manure use (%)
0
3
Herbicide use (%)
99
100
Use of improved seeds (%)
10
0
6
Materials and Methods
 Demonstration 1: Evaluation of Recommended
and Farmers’ Planting density and 4 fertilizer
rates
 Location: Boroahohuo (Nkoranza) and Langa
(Savelugu)
 Replications: 4 farmers
 Plot Size: 12 by 10 m2
 Planting dates: Savelugu: July 7 and 16
Nkoranza: September 2 and 8
7
Materials and Methods
 Fertilizer rates:0 kg ha-1; 250 kg ha-1; 375
kg ha-1and 500 kg ha-1 NPK (23-10-5)
representing 57.5, 86.25 and 115 kg N ha-1
 Recommended
planting density: 53, 333
-1
plants ha
 Farmers’ planting density:
Savelugu: 15,800 – 25, 000 plants ha-1
Nkoranza: 12,987- 25, 000 plants ha-1
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Materials and Methods
 Demonstration 2- Evaluation of farmers’ and
improved varieties of maize
 Location: Bibiani (Nkoranza) and Nyetua
(Savelugu)
 Replications: 4
 Plot size: 10 by 12 m2
 Varieties: Pannar 53 (hybrid), DT Maize (OPV),
Obaatampa (OPV), Farmers’ Variety
 Planting density: 53, 333
 Planting date :Nkoranza- 1 and 8 Sept
Savelugu: 15 Jul
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Material and methods
Soil chemical and physical properties of the
Demonstration plots
pH
OC
Tot Ca
al N
g kg-1
Mg
K
cmol kg-1
Sand
Clay Silt
g kg-1
Nyetu
a
6.5 6.2
.
0.7
1.9
2.42
3.6
660
90
260
Langa
6.4 4.5
0.4
1.14 0.57 1.22
6.9
680
90
230
Bibiani 7.0 5.0
0.5
2.27 0.77 0.26
20.7
760
70
170
Broah
ohuo
0.9
2.27 0.89 1.23
7.42
730
90
180
6.6 9.6
0.9
Bray
1P
(ppm
)
10
Materials and methods
 Data were analyzed with linear mixed model
using R statistical package. Means were
separated using Least Significant Difference
(lsd)
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RESULTS: Demonstration 1 (Grain
yield)
 Grain yields were higher at Savelugu than at Nkoranza
and differ significantly among the different rates
 Grain yield did not differ significantly among the different
fertilizer rates at Nkoranza but significantly at Savelugu
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RESULTS: Demonstration 1 (No of
cobs)
 Cob number was higher at Savelugu than at Nkoranza
 Cob number did not differ significantly among the different
fertilizer rates at Nkoranza but at Savelugu
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RESULTS: Demonstration 1 (Stover
yield)
 Stover yields were higher in Nkoranza than in Savelugu
and highest with the High fertilizer rate and lowest with
the zero rate
14
RESULTS: Demonstration 1 (Stover
yield)
 Recommended spacing (RS) gave higher
stover yield than the farmers practice (FP)
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RESULTS: Demonstration 2 (grain
yield)
 Grain yields were higher in Savelugu than in
Nkoranza
 The Pannar maize gave the highest yield while the
Obaatampa gave the lowest grain yield but in
Nkoranza the farmers’ variety gave almost the same
grain yield as the Pannar
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Maize varieties evaluated
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RESULTS: Demonstration 2 (Number
of cobs)
 Number of cobs were higher in Savelugu than in Nkoranza
 In both Nkoranza and Savelugu the number of cobs were
lower with Obaatampa but highest with Pannar at
Savelugu and with farmers’ variety at Nkoranza
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RESULTS: Demonstration 2 (Stover
yield)
 Stover yield was higher in Nkoranza than at Savelugu
 At both Nkoranza and Savelugu, the farmers’ variety had
the highest stover yield while the Obaatampa had the
lowest stover yield
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Field Days
Stage of crop (WAP) District
Community
1
Savelugu
Langa
39
10
Savelugu
Langa
52
14
Savelugu
Langa
68
1
Savelugu
Nyetua
53
10
Savelugu
Nyetua
65
15
Savelugu
Nyetua
71
1
Nkoranza
Boroahohuo
46
10
Nkoranza
Boroahohuo
66
14
Nkoranza
Boroahohuo
87
1
Nkoranza
Babiani
32
10
Nkoranza
Babiabi
41
14
Nkoranza
Babiani
60
Total
Total
680
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Conclusion
Rainfall is an important yield
determinant for maize grain yield
Maize cannot be successfully cultivated
without mineral fertilizer
Farmers’ local varieties may produce
good yield under good management
practices
Fertilizer application may not produce
the desired results if rainfall is not
adequate
21
Thank you
for your
attention
Questions?
Contributors data collection: Gyan, Samuel, Clement
Pictures taken by: Samuel
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