Table of Contents 2013 Title Page Executive Summary Section 0 Overview of Plan .............................................................................. 0-1 0.1 OVERVIEW OF PLAN CONTENTS ....................................... 0-1 0.2 STATE PROFILE ................................................................... 0-2 0.3 Section 1 Section 2 0.2.1 Economy .................................................................... 0-2 0.2.2 Physical Geography ................................................... 0-5 0.2.3 Climate ......................................................................... 0-6 0.2.4 Temperature ................................................................ 0-6 0.2.5 Precipitation ................................................................. 0-6 0.2.6 Population .................................................................... 0-6 LAND MANAGEMENT AND JURISDICTION ....................... 0-10 Official Record of Adoption ........................................................... 1-1 1.1 DISASTER MITIGATION ACT OF 2000 ................................. 1-1 1.2 PLAN ADOPTION PROCEDURES ....................................... 1-1 1.2.1 State Authority ........................................................... 1-2 1.2.2 Nevada Revised Statutes (NRS) ............................... 1-2 1.2.3 Legislative Process .................................................... 1-8 1.2.4 Assurances to Comply w/Federal Laws & Regulations 1-8 Planning Process ........................................................................... 2-1 2.1 2.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PLANNING PROCESS ....................... 2-1 2.1.1 How the Updated Plan was Prepared ......................... 2-1 2.1.2 Who Was Involved in the NHMP Update Process ...... 2-2 2.1.3 How Other Agencies Participated in the Update ......... 2-5 2.1.4 How Subcommittee Updated each NHMP Section ...... 2-7 2.1.5 Which Sections of the NHMP Were Revised ............. 2-15 COORDINATION AMONG AGENCIES ............................... 2-16 2.2.1 Involvement of Federal & State Agencies ................ 2-16 2.2.2 Participation of Interested Groups ........................... 2-17 2.2.3 Changes in Federal and State Coordination ............. 2-18 i Table of Contents 2013 2.2.4 2.3 Section 3 Silver Jackets Program .............................................. 2-19 PROGRAM INTEGRATION ................................................. 2-20 2.3.1 Integration of Existing Plans .................................... 2-20 2.3.2 Implementation of State Mandates at Local Level ... 2-23 2.3.3 Integration with FEMA Programs & Initiatives .......... 2-23 Risk Assessment ........................................................................... 3-1 3.1 OVERVIEW OF RISK ASSESSMENT .................................. 3-1 3.2 NEVADA’S RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS ....................... 3-2 3.3 3.2.1 Identifying and Screening Hazards ............................ 3-2 3.2.2 Prioritization of Hazards ............................................. 3-5 3.2.3 Categorization of Screened Hazards ......................... 3-7 PROFILING HAZARDS ......................................................... 3-9 3.3.1 Avalanche ................................................................ 3-10 3.3.1.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-10 3.3.1.2 History .......................................................... 3-10 3.3.1.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ................................................ 3-12 3.3.2 Drought .................................................................... 3-14 3.3.2.1 Nature ......................................................... .3-14 3.3.2.2 History .......................................................... 3-16 3.3.2.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events .............................................. 3-17 3.3.3 Earthquakes ............................................................. 3-18 3.3.3.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-18 3.3.3.2 History .......................................................... 3-21 3.3.3.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of 3.3.4 Future Events ............................................... 3-27 Epidemic .................................................................. 3-32 3.3.4.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-32 3.3.4.2 History .......................................................... 3-34 3.3.4.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................... 3-36 3.3.5 Expansive Soils ........................................................ 3-37 3.3.5.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-37 3.3.5.2 History .......................................................... 3-37 ii Table of Contents 2013 3.3.5.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................... 3-39 3.3.6 Extreme Heat ............................................................ 3-39 3.3.6.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-39 3.3.6.2 History .......................................................... 3-40 3.3.6.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................... 3-42 3.3.7 Floods ...................................................................... 3-43 3.3.7.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-43 3.3.7.2 History .......................................................... 3-44 3.3.7.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................... 3-63 3.3.7.3.1 Location ..................................................... 3-63 3.3.7.3.2 Severity ...................................................... 3-67 3.3.7.3.3 Reducing Flood Damage in Areas of High Flood Probability ....................................... 3-69 3.3.8 Flooding due to Dam Failure .................................... 3-73 3.3.8.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-73 3.3.8.2 History .......................................................... 3-74 3.3.8.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................... 3-76 3.3.9 Flooding Along Ditches and Canals ......................... 3-79 3.3.9.1 Nature .......................................................... 3-79 3.3.9.2 History .......................................................... 3-80 3.3.9.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................... 3-81 3.3.10 Hail and Thunderstorms ........................................... 3-81 3.3.10.1 Nature ........................................................ 3-82 3.3.10.2 History ........................................................ 3-83 3.3.10.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ............................................. 3-84 3.3.11 Hazardous Materials ................................................. 3-85 3.3.11.1 Nature ........................................................ 3-85 3.3.11.2 Identification of Hazardous Materials Releases .................................................... 3-86 iii Table of Contents 2013 3.3.11.3 History ........................................................ 3-89 3.3.11.4 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-100 3.3.12 Infestation .............................................................. 3-102 3.3.12.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-102 3.3.12.2 History ...................................................... 3-102 3.3.12.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events .......................................... 3-110 3.3.13 Land Subsidence and Ground Failure .................... 3-110 3.3.13.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-110 3.3.13.2 History ...................................................... 3-112 3.3.13.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-113 3.3.14 Landslide ................................................................ 3-113 3.3.14.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-113 3.3.14.2 History ...................................................... 3-114 3.3.14.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-115 3.3.15 Severe Winter Storm and Extreme Snowfall .......... 3-115 3.3.15.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-115 3.3.15.2 History ...................................................... 3-116 3.3.15.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-118 3.3.16 Terrorism/Weapons of Mass Destruction ............... 3-118 3.3.16.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-118 3.3.16.2 History ...................................................... 3-123 3.3.16.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-123 3.3.17 Tornado .................................................................. 3-125 3.3.17.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-125 3.3.17.2 History ...................................................... 3-125 3.3.17.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-126 3.3.18 Tsunami/Seiche ..................................................... 3-127 3.3.18.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-127 iv Table of Contents 2013 3.3.18.2 History ...................................................... 3-128 3.3.18.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-130 3.3.19 Volcano .................................................................. 3-130 3.3.19.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-130 3.3.19.2 History ...................................................... 3-132 3.3.19.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-133 3.3.20 Wildfire ................................................................... 3-134 3.3.20.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-135 3.3.20.2 History ...................................................... 3-136 3.3.20.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-143 3.3.21 Windstorm-Severe .................................................. 3-153 3.3.21.1 Nature ...................................................... 3-153 3.3.21.2 History ...................................................... 3-154 3.3.21.3 Location, Severity, and Probability of Future Events ........................................... 3-162 3.4 RANKING OF HAZARDS BY COUNTIES AND TRIBES .... 3-163 3.5 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT ..................................... 3-165 3.5.1 Overview ................................................................ 3-165 3.5.2 Analysis of State and Local Risk Assessment ....... 3-165 3.5.3 State’s Vulnerability Based on Local, County, and Tribal Assessments ............................ 3-168 3.5.4 State’s Vulnerability in Terms of Jurisdictions Most Threatened & Vulnerable ............................... 3-169 3.5.5 3.6 Results of Changes in Development ....................... 3-170 ASSESSING VULNERABILITY OF STATE FACILITIES .. 3-171 3.6.1 Types of State-Owned or -Operated Facilities ........ 3-172 3.6.2 Estimating Potential Losses by Jurisdiction ........... 3-173 3.6.3 Estimating Potential Losses of State Facilities ........ 3-173 3.6.3.1 Earthquake................................................. 3-174 3.6.3.2 Flood .......................................................... 3-175 3.6.3.3 Wildfire/Urban Interface Fires .................... 3-175 v Table of Contents 2013 3.6.3.4 Vulnerability of State Communication Facilities due to Earthquake, Flood, and Wildfire ...... 3-176 3.7 VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL LOSSES ........................................................ 3-177 Section 4 3.7.1 Earthquake............................................................... 3-177 3.7.2 Flood 3.7.3 Wildfire .................................................................... 3-188 .................................................................... 3-184 Mitigation Strategy ........................................................................ 4-1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 HAZARD MITIGATION GOALS ............................................. 4-2 4.1.1 Hazard Mitigation Goal Overview .............................. 4-2 4.1.2 Mitigation Goals, Objectives and Potential Actions .... 4-3 4.1.3 Goal Assessment and Updates ................................. 4-10 STATE CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT .................................. 4-14 4.2.1 Pre-Disaster Hazard Management .......................... 4-14 4.2.2 Policies Related to Development ............................. 4-31 4.2.3 Funding Capabilities ................................................ 4-31 4.2.4 Hazard Management Capabilities Changes ............ 4-31 LOCAL CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT .................................. 4-38 4.3.1 Local Capability Description ..................................... 4-39 4.3.2 Local Capabilities General Analysis ......................... 4-41 MITIGATION ACTIONS ....................................................... 4-44 4.4.1 Cost Effective, Environmentally Sound ...................... 4-44 4.4.2 Evaluation of Actions and Activities .......................... 4-44 4.4.3 Actions and Projects in Local Plans .......................... 4-65 FUNDING SOURCES .......................................................... 4-66 4.5.1 Current Funding Sources ......................................... 4-66 4.5.2 Potential Funding Sources ....................................... 4-67 REPETITIVE LOSS AND SEVERE REPETITIVE LOSS ..... 4-69 4.6.1 Goals that Support Mitigation Activities .................... 4-70 4.6.2 Repetitive Loss and State & Local HM Policies ........ 4-70 4.6.3 Repetitive Loss Properties In Risk Assessment ....... 4-70 4.6.4 Mitigation Actions for Repetitive Loss Properties ...... 4-71 4.6.5 Specific Actions Implemented to Mitigate RL Prop. .. 4-71 4.6.6 Funding for Repetitive Loss Properties ..................... 4-71 vi Table of Contents 2013 Section 5 Coordinating Local Mitigation Planning ....................................... 5-1 5.1 LOCAL FUNDING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ............ 5-1 5.1.1 Development of Local Mitigation Plans ...................... 5-1 5.1.1.1 Identification and Notification ......................... 5-6 5.1.1.2 Application Procedures .................................. 5-9 5.1.2 5.2 5.3 Funding & Technical Asst. for Past Three Years ....... 5-9 LOCAL PLAN INTEGRATION ............................................. 5-10 5.2.1 Process and Timeframe to Review Local Plans ...... 5-11 5.2.2 Coordinate and Link Local Plans ............................. 5-11 PRIORITIZING LOCAL ASSISTANCE ................................ 5-13 5.3.1 Local Funding and Technical Assistance ................. 5-13 5.3.1.1 Planning Review Ranking and Selection ..... 5-13 5.3.1.2 Prioritization Evaluation ............................... 5-13 5.3.1.3 Prioritization Form ........................................ 5-13 Section 6 5.3.2 Cost Benefit Review of Proposed Projects .............. 5-15 5.3.3 Highest Risk Communities ......................................... 5-15 5.3.4 Repetitive Loss Properties ......................................... 5-15 5.3.5 Intense Development Communities ........................... 5-15 Plan Maintenance Process ........................................................... 6-1 6.1 MONITORING, EVALUATING AND UPDATING THE PLAN 6-1 6.1.1 Schedule for Monitoring, Evaluating and Updating the Plan ....................................................... 6-1 6.2 6.1.2 Method for Monitoring the Plan .................................. 6-1 6.1.3 Method for Evaluating the Plan .................................... 6-2 6.1.4 Method for Updating the Plan .................................... 6-3 6.1.5 Previous Process and Recommended Changes ......... 6-3 MONITORING PROGRESS OF MITIGATION ACTIVITIES . 6-6 6.2.1 Monitor Progress of Mitigation Activities ...................... 6-6 6.2.2 Project Closeouts ....................................................... 6-7 6.2.3 Review Progress on Mitigation Strategy .................... 6-7 6.2.4 Modifications in Tracking Mitigation Actions .............. 6-8 6.2.5 Reviewing Progress on Implementing Activities ......... 6-8 vii Table of Contents 2013 Section 7 References ..................................................................................... 7-1 7.1 7.2 Section 8 REFERENCES ...................................................................... 7-1 7.1.1 State Documents ....................................................... 7-1 7.1.2 Local Jurisdiction Documents .................................... 7-2 7.1.3 Other Documents ....................................................... 7-3 OTHER IMPORTANT LINKS ................................................ 7-6 Enhanced Plan Criteria Achievements Program .......................... 8-1 8.1 INTEGRATION WITH OTHER PLANNING INITIATIVES ..... 8-1 8.1.1 Integration with Other Planning Initiatives ...................... 8-1 8.1.2 Integration with FEMA Programs .................................... 8-2 8.2 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION CAPABILITY ........................ 8-3 8.2.1 Establishing Eligibility Criteria for Multi-Hazard Mitigation Measures .................................................... 8-4 8.2.2 System to Determine the Cost Effectiveness of Mitigation Measures .................................................... 8-9 8.2.3 8.3 8.4 System to Rank the Measures According to State ..... 8-9 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT CAPABILITY .......................... 8-11 8.3.1 Effective Management of HMA Programs ................. 8-12 8.3.2 Environmental Review and BCA ............................... 8-14 8.3.3 Quarterly Progress Reports and Monitoring ............. 8-15 8.3.4 Mitigation Activities Completion and Closeout ........... 8-15 ASSESSMENT OF MITIGATION ACTIONS ....................... 8-16 8.4.1 System and Strategy for the Assessment of Completed Mitigation Actions ................................... 8-17 8.4.2 8.5 Effectiveness of Mitigation Actions ............................ 8-17 EFFECTIVE USE OF AVAILABLE MITIGATION FUNDING 8-21 8.5.1 Effective Use of Available Mitigation Funding ............... 8-21 8.5.2 Nevada’s Effective Use of Existing Programs to Achieve Mitigation Goals .............................................. 8-23 8.6 COMMITMENT TO A COMPREHENSIVE MITIGATION PROGRAM .................................................... 8-27 8.6.1 Commitment to Support Local Mitigation Planning ... 8-27 8.6.2 Statewide Programs Promoting Hazard Mitigation .. 8-29 8.6.3 State Provision of a Portion of the Non-Federal viii Table of Contents 2013 Match for Mitigation Projects ...................................... 8-30 8.6.4 Promotion of Nationally Applicable Model Building Codes........................................................................ 8-31 8.6.5 Post-Disaster Mitigation of Building Risks ............... 8-35 8.6.6 Integration of Mitigation w/Post-Disaster Recovery . 8-35 List of Appendices Appendix A Adoption Resolution Appendix B List of Participating Organizations Appendix C B.1 Nevada Earthquake Safety Council ................................... B-1 B.2 Nevada Local and Tribal Emergency Managers ................. B-3 B.3 Wildland Urban Interface Fire Summit .............................. B-16 B.4 Preliminary Damage Assessment Team ........................... B-17 B.5 Nevada Fire Safe Council Member Organizations ............. B-18 B.6 Silver Jackets Program ...................................................... B-18 B.7 Hazard Mitigation Public Awareness & Outreach .............. B-18 NHMPC Bylaws and Subcommittees C.1 NHMPC Members ............................................................... C-1 C.2 Subcommittees of the NHMPC .......................................... C-2 C.1 Bylaws of the NHMPC ....................................................... C-4 Appendix D Agendas and Meeting Minutes Planning Subcommittee Appendix E Nevada Administrative Code: Emergency Management Appendix F HAZUS Earthquake Maps Appendix G List of Dams by County Appendix H HAZUS Flood Maps for NV Counties Appendix I Federal & State Assurances Appendix J Wildfire & State-Owned Facilities Maps Appendix K Extreme Weather Data from State Climatologist ix Table of Contents 2013 Appendix L Noxious Weed Maps Appendix M HAZUS Estimated Losses from Earthquake Vulnerability by County & Statewide Appendix N Mitigation Strategy Appendix O Memberships of Councils and Volunteers Appendix P Completed Mitigation Activities Appendix Q Miscellaneous Documents Appendix R Nevada Ditches Appendix S Standard Nevada Plan Review Crosswalk Appendix T Enhanced Nevada Plan Review Crosswalk List of Tables Table 0-1 Nevada Earnings by Major Industry, 2011 ....................................... 0-3 Table 0-2 Major Nevada Reservoirs ................................................................ 0-5 Table 0-3 Nevada County and City Population Estimates 2012 ...................... 0-9 Table 0-4 Tribal Demographics in Nevada .................................................... 0-14 Table 0-5 Nevada Facts ................................................................................ 0-15 Table 1-1 Summary of NRS Statutes Pertaining to Hazard Mitigation ............ 1-3 Table 2-1 Membership of the NV Hazard Mitigation Planning Subcommittee. 2-2 Table 2-2 Documentation of Agency Participation in Update Process ............ 2-5 Table 2-3 Documentation of NHM Planning Team Meetings .......................... 2-8 Table 2-4 NHMPC Subcommittee Meetings .................................................. 2-14 Table 2-5 NHMP Revised Sections ............................................................... 2-15 Table 2-6 Integration of the NHMP with Other State Planning Efforts ........... 2-20 Table 2-7 Integration of NHMP and Local Mitigation Plans with FEMA ......... 2-24 x Table of Contents 2013 Table 3-1 Identification and Screening of Hazards Affecting Nevada .............. 3-3 Table 3-2 Hazard Prioritization Criteria ............................................................. 3-5 Table 3-3 Hazard Prioritization Worksheet Results . ........................................ 3-6 Table 3-4 Risk Categories Assigned to Nevada Hazards ................................. 3-8 Table 3-5 History of Nevada and Sierra Nevada Avalanche Occurrences ..... 3-10 Table 3-6 Modified Mercalli Scale .................................................................. 3-21 Table 3-7 Significant Historical Earthquakes in Nevada from the 1840s ........ 3-23 Table 3-8 Nevada Earthquakes in the Last Decade ...................................... 3-23 Table 3-9 Some Major Active Faults in Nevada ............................................ 3-28 Table 3-10 20th Century U.S. Pandemics and Epidemic Occurrences ............ 3-34 Table 3-11 Recent Historical Occurrences or Outbreaks in NV ....................... 3-35 Table 3-12 Heat Extreme Events by Community .............................................. 3-41 Table 3-13 Chronology of Major Flooding in Northern Nevada ........................ 3-45 Table 3-14 Summary of Major Flooding in Southern Nevada ........................... 3-55 Table 3-15 Levee Names and Lengths by County in Nevada .......................... 3-66 Table 3-16 Summary of Total NFIP Insurance Coverage & Claims in NV ....... 3-67 Table 3-17 Summary of Repetitive Loss Due to Flood .................................... 3-68 Table 3-18 Chronology of Dam Failure in Nevada .......................................... 3-74 Table 3-19 Nevada Canal and Ditch Flood History .......................................... 3-80 Table 3-20 Significant Nevada Hail and Thunderstorm Events ....................... 3-83 Table 3-21 County Thunderstorm Historical Data ............................................ 3-83 Table 3-22 Nevada Highway HAZMAT Incidents 2010-2012 .......................... 3-90 Table 3-23 Nevada Spill Calls by Year 2000-2012 ........................................... 3-91 Table 3-24 Nevada Spill Calls by County 2000-2012 ....................................... 3-91 Table 3-25 Historical HAZMAT Events in NV ................................................... 3-94 Table 3-26 Noxious Weeds that Threaten Nevada ......................................... 3-103 Table 3-27 Severe Winter Storms in Nevada ................................................. 3-116 Table 3-28 Severe Winter Storms in Nevada in Decreasing Order ................ 3-117 Table 3-29 Nevada Tornado History ............................................................... 3-126 Table 3-30 Recent Wildfire History ................................................................. 3-137 Table 3-31 Wildfire Hazard Rating for Nevada Communities by County ........ 3-148 Table 3-32 Chronology of Some Severe Destructive Windstorms ................. 3-154 Table 3-33 Rankings of Hazards by County ................................................... 3-163 Table 3-34 Rankings of Hazards by Tribes .................................................... 3-164 Table 3-35 Threat Rankings by County ......................................................... 3-169 xi Table of Contents 2013 Table 3-36 Population Change in Nevada by County ..................................... 3-170 Table 3-37 State Critical Facilities and Infrastructure .................................... 3-172 Table 3-38 Flood Vulnerability of State-Owned Buildings .............................. 3-175 Table 3-39 Wildfire (WUI) Vulnerability of State-Owned Buildings ................. 3-176 Table 3-40 Vulnerability for State-Owned Communication Facilities .............. 3-176 Table 3-41 Probabilities of Earthquakes Occurring within 50 years ............... 3-179 Table 3-42 HAZUS Summary Estimates for Total Economic Losses ............. 3-182 Table 3-43 HAZUS Top Ten NV Communities for Highest Loss .................... 3-183 Table 3-44 HAZUS Loss-Estimation for 100-year Floods in Nevada ............. 3-185 Table 3-45 Vulnerability to HAZUS 100-year Floods in Nevada .................... 3-186 Table 3-46 Wildfire Vulnerability in Moderate to High-Risk Areas .................. 3-188 Table 3-47 Wildfire Assessment of NV Counties and Tribal Lands ................ 3-190 Table 4-1 2013 Goals and Lead Agencies ....................................................... 4-3 Table 4-2 Mitigation Goals and Strategic Actions ........................................... 4-4 Table 4-3 Pre- and Post-Disaster Hazard Mgmt Policies, Programs ............ 4-15 Table 4-4 HMA Grant Applications ............................................................... 4-33 Table 4-5 Mitigation Funding 2001-2010 ........................................................ 4-34 Table 4-6 PDM & HMGP Funding by Hazard Type ...................................... 4-36 Table 4-7 Existing State Model Codes Adopted by Local Governments ....... 4-39 Table 4-8 Local and Tribal Capabilities' General Analysis ............................ 4-41 Table 4-9 STAPLEE Criteria for Ranking Mitigation Strategic Action Items .. 4-45 Table 4-10 Strategic Action Plan Matrix .......................................................... 4-47 Table 4-11 Current Funding Sources for Strategic Mitigation Actions .............. 4-67 Table 4-12 Potential Funding Sources for Strategic Mitigation Actions ............ 4-68 Table 5-1 Current Status of Local Hazard Mitigation Plans ............................ 5-5 Table 5-2 Current Status of Tribal Hazard Mitigation Plans in Nevada ........... 5-5 Table 5-3 HMA Funding for Plans 2007-2010 ............................................... 5-10 Table 8-1 Mitigation Funding Under Presidential Disaster Declarations ........ 8-11 Table 8-2 START Training Sessions in 2010-2012 ........................................ 8-19 Table 8-3 2005 to 2012 FEMA-Supported Grant Activities in Nevada ........... 8-24 Table 8-4 Existing State Model Codes Promoted for Adoption ...................... 8-31 Table 8-5 Code Adoption by Jurisdiction, as of February 2013 ...................... 8-33 Table B-1 Participating Organizations ............................................................ B-20 xii Table of Contents 2013 List of Figures Cover Page Map of Quaternary Fault Movement in Nevada Figure 0-1 Shaded Relief Map of Nevada ........................................................ 0-4 Figure 0-2 County Map of Nevada ................................................................... 0-7 Figure 0-3 Nevada’s Population Density .......................................................... 0-8 Figure 0-4 Nevada Land Use and Jurisdictions ............................................. 0-11 Figure 0-5 Nevada Indian Reservation Map with Contact List ....................... 0-12 Figure 2-1 Public Participation Advertisement ............................................... 2-12 Figure 3-1 Map of Sierra Avalanche Center’s Forecast Area ........................ 3-13 Figure 3-2 National Weather Service Weekly Drought Monitor Map for NV .. 3-15 Figure 3-3 NWS Weekly Drought Monitor by Region for Western U.S. .......... 3-16 Figure 3-4 Quaternary Fault Map of Nevada ................................................. 3-19 Figure 3-5 Fault Scarp in the Fairview Peak Area ......................................... 3-19 Figure 3-6 Significant Earthquakes in NV and Adjacent CA 1840s to 2012 .. 3-22 Figure 3-7 NSL Shake Map for 22.7 Miles South of Wellington NV ................ 3-26 Figure 3-8 Vertical Slip Rates of Normal-Slip Faults in Nevada .................... 3-29 Figure 3-9 Map of Quaternary Fault Movement in NV .................................... 3-31 Figure 3-10 WHO Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases ................ 3-34 Figure 3-11 Soil Map of Nevada ........................................................................ 3-38 Figure 3-12 August 22, 2012 Flooding, Las Vegas Residential Area ................ 3-54 Figure 3-13 August 22, 2012, Flooding UNLV Parking Lot ............................... 3-62 Figure 3-14 Major Rivers and Canals in Nevada ............................................... 3-64 Figure 3-15 Areas Mapped as Special Flood Hazard Areas in Nevada ............ 3-72 Figure 3-16 Location of Some of Nevada’s Larger Dams .................................. 3-73 Figure 3-17 Schroeder Dam in Beaver Dam State Park, 2005 .......................... 3-76 Figure 3-18 Flooded Intersection in Residential Area of SW Reno ................... 3-79 Figure 3-19 Thunderstorms across the Sierra Nevada ...................................... 3-82 Figure 3-20 Map of Nevada Showing Major Transportation Routes ................. 3-88 Figure 3-21 Some Known Occurrences of Erionite in the Western U.S. ........... 3-99 Figure 3-22 Regional Distribution of Mormon Crickets .................................... 3-106 Figure 3-23 Dot Map Showing Occurrences of New Zealand Mudsnails ........ 3-108 Figure 3-24 Nevada Aquifer Map ..................................................................... 3-111 Figure 3-25 Distribution of Subsidence Problems in US ................................. 3-112 Figure 3-26 Photo of the Aftermath of Slide Mountain Landslide .................... 3-114 Figure 3-27 January 2005 Storm System ....................................................... 3-116 xiii Table of Contents 2013 Figure 3-28 Oldest Tornado Photograph ........................................................ 3-125 Figure 3-29 June 9, 2006 Tornado in Diamond Valley .................................... 3-127 Figure 3-30 USGS Bathymetric View of Western Lake Tahoe ...................... 3-128 Figure 3-31 Lake Tahoe Fault Map ................................................................. 3-129 Figure 3-32 Mount St. Helens 1980 Eruption ................................................... 3-131 Figure 3-33 Wildland Urban Interface Fire outside of Pioche, Nevada ............ 3-134 Figure 3-34 Locations of 2012 Nevada Wildfires ............................................. 3-141 Figure 3-35 Number of Wildfires in Nevada per Year 1999-2011 .................... 3-142 Figure 3-36 Acreage Burned in Nevada 1999-2011 ........................................ 3-142 Figure 3-37 Map Showing Communities with Extreme Wildfire Risk ............... 3-147 Figure 3-38 Windstorm Damage in Gabbs, Nevada, 1998 .............................. 3-153 Figure 3-39 Caughlin Fire in West Reno on November 18th, 2011 .................. 3-161 Figure 3-40 Locations of the 38 Nevada Earthquake HAZUS Communities ... 3-178 Figure 3-41 Shaking Potential Map for Nevada ............................................... 3-181 Figure 4-1 PDM, FMA, & HMGP Grant Dollars of Funding per Year ............. 4-35 Figure 4-2 PDM and HMGP Grant Dollars of Funding by Activity Type ......... 4-36 Figure 4-3 Bar Graph of HMA Funding by County ........................................... 4-37 Figure 5-1 Map of Counties and LHMP Status .................................................. 5-2 Figure 5-2 NHMPC Application Prioritization Form ....................................... 5-14 Figure 6-1 Annual Review Questionnaire ........................................................ 6-5 Figure 6-2 Sample Quarterly Financial & Progress Report .............................. 6-9 Figure 6-3 Activity/Project Implementation Report .......................................... 6-11 Figure 8-1 Review, Ranking, and Selection Process ........................................ 8-7 Figure 8-2 NHMPC Application Prioritization Form ........................................... 8-8 Figure 8-3 Mitigation Activities Review Process ............................................ 8-12 Figure 8-4 Sample Award Tracking Report ...................................................... 8-14 xiv